CN115403322A - Cemented earth-rock dam and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Cemented earth-rock dam and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115403322A CN115403322A CN202211222742.XA CN202211222742A CN115403322A CN 115403322 A CN115403322 A CN 115403322A CN 202211222742 A CN202211222742 A CN 202211222742A CN 115403322 A CN115403322 A CN 115403322A
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- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/16—Sulfur-containing compounds
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- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
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- E02B7/00—Barrages or weirs; Layout, construction, methods of, or devices for, making same
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- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cemented earth-rock dam and a construction method thereof, wherein the cemented earth-rock dam comprises a dam body, and a rich pulp rolling cemented earth-rock cushion layer and a rich pulp vibrating cemented earth-rock protective layer which are arranged at the bottom and two sides of the dam body; the dam body building material comprises cement, fly ash, soil, a mud-blocking water reducing agent and water; the construction materials of the rich-slurry rolling cemented soil-stone cushion layer and the rich-slurry vibrating cemented soil-stone protective layer comprise cement, fly ash, soil, broken stone, a mud-blocking water reducer, a mud-blocking air entraining agent and water. When the cemented soil-rock dam is built, the dam body and the rich-slurry vibrated cemented soil-rock protective layer are constructed simultaneously, and the place where the dam body cannot be rolled can be vibrated and constructed in the vibrating construction process, so that the whole dam body is favorably compacted; when a layer of slurry-rich vibrated consolidated soil-stone protective layer is constructed, the part lower than the dam body is filled with fresh mixture, and the effect of enhancing seepage prevention is achieved after the dam body is closed. The invention can make full use of on-site soil and sand gravel materials to achieve the effects of green, environmental protection and rapid construction of the dam.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of dam construction, and particularly relates to a cemented earth-rock dam and a construction method thereof.
Background
The gelled gravel dam is widely applied to medium and small-sized hydraulic engineering at home and abroad as a novel damming technology. The damming material of gelled gravel stone dam is characterized by that it uses the sand gravel stone of engineering site, and adds a small quantity of gelled material to implement rolling or vibrating construction. The use range of the damming material is further expanded in the concept of cementing earth and stone dams, sand gravel can be utilized, soil can be utilized, and the core idea of the material is that the original loose particles are modified into a consolidated body after the soil and the stone are cemented by using a cementing material, so that the safety of the engineering is substantially improved. Therefore, the cemented earth-rock dam is more scientifically defined, more reflects the material characteristics and has wider application range.
A plurality of engineering applications of the gelled gravel dam exist at home and abroad, but the engineering application of soil cementation dam construction does not exist at home. In engineering practice, many examples of deep and thick silt foundation covering layers exist, such as silt abandonment, environmental protection, waste slag production and the like, the environment is built in the current sandstone aggregate-deficient large building, soil resources are wasted, and the current green low-carbon damming guideline is not met.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the prior art, the invention provides a cemented earth-rock dam and a construction method thereof, so as to achieve the purpose of green and low-carbon dam construction.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: providing a cemented earth-rock dam which comprises a dam body, wherein a rich-pulp rolled cemented earth-rock cushion layer and a rich-pulp vibrated cemented earth-rock protective layer are respectively paved at the bottom and two sides of the dam body;
the dam body building material comprises the following components in parts by mass:
50-70 parts of cement, 50-70 parts of fly ash, 1500-1600 parts of soil, 15-20 parts of mud-resistant water reducing agent and 300-320 parts of water;
the construction material of the rich-pulp rolling bonded soil-stone cushion layer comprises the following components in parts by mass:
140-160 parts of cement, 130-170 parts of fly ash, 550-650 parts of soil, 1000-1300 parts of broken stone, 20-25 parts of mud-blocking water reducer, 1-2 parts of mud-blocking air entraining agent and 150-250 parts of water;
the building material of the rich-slurry vibrated cemented soil-stone protective layer comprises the following components in parts by mass:
180-200 parts of cement, 180-200 parts of fly ash, 540-560 parts of soil, 1000-1200 parts of broken stone, 18-22 parts of mud-blocking water reducer, 1-2 parts of mud-blocking air entraining agent and 150-250 parts of water.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention can be further improved as follows.
Further, the dam body building material comprises the following components in parts by mass:
60 parts of cement, 60 parts of fly ash, 1520 parts of soil, 17.5 parts of a mud-blocking water reducer and 304 parts of water;
the construction material of the rich-pulp rolling bonded soil-stone cushion layer comprises the following components in parts by mass:
150 parts of cement, 150 parts of fly ash, 600 parts of soil, 1200 parts of broken stone, 21 parts of a mud-blocking water reducing agent, 1.15 parts of a mud-blocking air entraining agent and 180 parts of water;
the building material of the rich-slurry vibrated cemented soil-stone protective layer comprises the following components in parts by mass:
185 parts of cement, 185 parts of fly ash, 550 parts of soil, 1100 parts of broken stone, 20 parts of a mud-resistant water reducing agent, 1.1 parts of a mud-resistant air entraining agent and 190 parts of water.
Further, the soil is fine grained soil; the particle size of the crushed stone is not more than 40mm; the fly ash is II-grade fly ash.
Further, the mud-blocking water reducer is prepared by the following steps:
s1: dissolving methyl alkenyl polyoxyethylene ether and methyl alkenyl polyoxyethylene ether in water according to the mass ratio of 100-150: 2-5, and then stirring for 30-45 min at 50-60 ℃ to obtain base liquid;
s2: adding graphene oxide and acrylamide into the base solution, stirring for 20-30 min, adding an oxidant, reacting for 30-45 min at room temperature, adding a reducing agent, reacting for 30-60 min at room temperature, heating to 60-70 ℃, and reacting for 4-6 h; the mass ratio of the added graphene oxide, acrylamide, oxidant and reductant to the methyl alkenyl polyoxyethylene ether is 5-15, namely 3-6:2-5:4-8;
s3: and adding acrylic acid into the system after the reaction of S2, stirring for 30-40 min, adjusting the pH value of the system to 6-7, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the acrylic acid-containing aqueous emulsion.
Further, the oxidant is a mixture of ammonium persulfate and 30wt% hydrogen peroxide solution according to the feed-liquid ratio of 2g; the reducing agent is L-ascorbic acid.
Further, the mud-blocking type air entraining agent is prepared by the following steps:
mixing rosin powder, triethanolamine, sulfuric acid, sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate, bisphenol A, pentaerythritol and water according to the mass ratio of 40-50.
Further, the thickness of the rich pulp rolling cemented soil-stone cushion layer and the rich pulp vibrating cemented soil-stone protective layer is 80-120 cm.
Furthermore, the section of the dam body is trapezoidal, and the slope ratio of the side surface of the dam body is 1:1.
Further, the width of the top of the dam body is 4m.
The invention also discloses a construction method of the cemented soil-rock dam, which comprises the following steps:
s1, determining the bottom width a of the cemented earth-rock dam according to a formula (1),
(1) In the formula, h is the height of the dam body, b is the width of the top surface of the dam body, and theta is an included angle between the dam body and the ground, and the value of theta is 45-60 degrees;
s2, paving the rich-pulp rolled cemented soil and stone cushion layer building materials on a cemented soil and stone dam building site layer by layer, wherein the paving width is a, the thickness of each layer of the rich-pulp rolled cemented soil and stone cushion layer building materials is 15-20 cm, and the rolling is carried out once every 2-3 layers of the rich-pulp rolled cemented soil and stone cushion layer building materials are paved, the rolling speed is 1-1.5 km/h, until the rich-pulp rolled cemented soil and stone cushion layer reaches the preset thickness;
s3, paving the dam body building materials on the rich-pulp rolled cemented soil-rock cushion layer by layer, wherein the paving width is reduced layer by layer, the paving thickness of each layer of the dam body building materials is 30-50 cm, and the dam body building materials are rolled once every 2-3 layers, and the rolling speed is 1-1.5 km/h; after rolling, paving the construction material of the rich-pulp vibrating and tamping cemented soil and stone protective layer on two sides of the rolled dam body in a vibrating construction mode to form the rich-pulp vibrating and tamping cemented soil and stone protective layer; the distance between the top of the formed slurry-rich vibrated consolidated soil and stone protective layer and the top of the dam body is 3-5 cm;
and S4, repeating the step S3 until the cemented soil-rock dam reaches the required height.
The beneficial effects of the invention are:
1. the cement earth-rock dam comprises a dam body, and a rich-pulp rolling cement earth-rock cushion layer and a rich-pulp vibrating cement earth-rock protective layer which are respectively distributed at the bottom and two sides of the dam body, wherein the rich-pulp rolling cement earth-rock cushion layer and the rich-pulp vibrating cement earth-rock protective layer wrap the dam body, so that the stability of the dam body is improved, and the seepage-proofing performance of the dam body can be obviously improved.
2. The dam body building material of the invention takes soil as a main raw material, not only can fully utilize on-site soil materials and greatly reduce the dam building cost, but also is matched with cement, fly ash, mud-blocking water reducing agent and other components, the structure is more compact after rolling, and the dam stability and seepage resistance are ensured.
3. The construction material of the rich-pulp rolling cemented soil-stone cushion layer takes the broken stones and the soil as main raw materials, the broken stones play a role in reinforcing the framework, the soil, the cement, the fly ash and the like are filled among the broken stones, and the components such as the mud-blocking water reducer, the mud-blocking air entraining agent and the like are combined, so that the compactness of the rich-pulp rolling cemented soil-stone cushion layer can be effectively ensured, and good stability and seepage resistance can be generated.
4. According to the construction material for the rich-pulp vibrating cemented soil-stone protective layer, the broken stones and the soil are used as main raw materials, and the broken stones play a role in reinforcing a framework, so that the strength of the rich-pulp vibrating cemented soil-stone protective layer can be improved, and the broken stones have large friction force, so that the side edge of the dam body can be prevented from collapsing. Soil, cement, coal ash and the like are filled among the broken stones, and then components such as a mud-blocking water reducing agent, a mud-blocking air entraining agent and the like are combined, so that the compactness of the rich-slurry vibrated and cemented soil and stone protective layer can be effectively ensured, and good stability and seepage-proofing performance can be generated.
5. The cemented earth-rock dam made of the material has excellent compressive strength, impermeability and frost resistance. Wherein the rich-pulp rolled cemented soil stone cushion layer 180d has the compressive strength of 12.8MPa, the impermeability of W4 and the frost resistance of F100; the compressive strength of the rich-slurry vibrating and tamping cemented soil and stone protective layer 180d can reach 17.3MPa, the impermeability can reach W4, and the frost resistance can reach F100.
6. When the cement-bonded earth-rock dam is constructed, the dam body and the rich-slurry vibrating cement-bonded earth-rock protective layer are constructed simultaneously, the top of the rich-slurry vibrating cement-bonded earth-rock protective layer formed each time is lower than the dam body, and the place where the dam body cannot be rolled can be vibrated and constructed simultaneously in the vibrating construction process, so that the whole dam body is favorably compacted; when a layer of slurry-rich vibrated consolidated soil-stone protective layer is constructed, the part lower than the dam body is filled with fresh mixture, and the effect of enhancing seepage prevention is achieved after the dam body is closed.
7. The invention can make full use of on-site soil and sand gravel materials to achieve the effects of green, environmental protection and rapid construction of the dam.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a cemented earth-rock dam;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the construction of a cemented earth-rock dam;
wherein, 1, a dam body; 2. the rich pulp rolling cemented soil and stone cushion layer and the rich pulp vibrating cemented soil and stone protective layer are respectively arranged on the surface of the base material; a. width of the cemented soil Dan Bade face; b. width of the cemented soil Dan Bading face; h. cementing the earth-rock dam height; theta, and an included angle between the side wall of the cemented earth-rock dam and the ground.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a cemented soil-rock dam with a novel structure for solving the problems of high construction cost, poor stability and poor seepage resistance of a rock dam, wherein the section of the cemented soil-rock dam is shown in figure 1 and is integrally isosceles trapezoid, the cemented soil-rock dam comprises a dam body 1, and a slurry-rich rolling cemented soil-rock cushion layer 2 and a slurry-rich vibrating cemented soil-rock protective layer 3 are respectively paved at the bottom and two sides of the dam body 1; the dam body building material comprises the following components in parts by mass:
50-70 parts of cement, 50-70 parts of fly ash, 1500-1600 parts of soil, 15-20 parts of mud-resistant water reducing agent and 300-320 parts of water;
the construction material of the rich-pulp rolling cemented soil and stone cushion layer comprises the following components in parts by mass:
140-160 parts of cement, 130-170 parts of fly ash, 550-650 parts of soil, 1000-1300 parts of broken stone, 20-25 parts of mud-blocking water reducer, 1-2 parts of mud-blocking air entraining agent and 150-250 parts of water;
the building material of the rich-slurry vibrated cemented soil-stone protective layer comprises the following components in parts by mass:
180-200 parts of cement, 180-200 parts of fly ash, 540-560 parts of soil, 1000-1200 parts of broken stone, 18-22 parts of mud-blocking water reducer, 1-2 parts of mud-blocking air entraining agent and 150-250 parts of water.
The invention also provides a construction method of the cemented soil-rock dam, the construction schematic diagram is shown in figure 2, and the construction method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, surveying the topography of a construction area of an earth-rock dam, designing the shape of a dam body 1 to be constructed, and generally designing the section of the dam body 1 to be an isosceles trapezoid; determining the overall height h of the dam body, the width b of the top surface of the dam body 1 and the inclination angle theta of the slope surface of the dam body 1, wherein the size of theta is controlled to be below a repose angle, preferably 45-60 degrees, in order to ensure that collapse cannot occur in the construction process; and finally, calculating the ground width a of the dam body 1 according to the overall height h of the dam body, the width b of the top surface of the dam body 1 and the inclination angle theta of the slope of the dam body 1, wherein a is determined by the formula (1):
s2, after all data of the dam body are determined, leveling the ground of the construction area of the earth and rockfill dam, then flatly paving the rich pulp rolled cemented soil and rockfill layer construction material on the construction site of the cemented soil and rockfill dam layer by layer, wherein the paving width is a, the thickness of each layer of the rich pulp rolled cemented soil and rockfill layer construction material is 15-20 cm, rolling is carried out once every 2-3 layers are paved, the rolling speed is 1-1.5 km/h, and the rich pulp rolled cemented soil and rockfill layer reaches the preset thickness;
s3, paving the dam body building materials on the rich-pulp rolled cemented soil-rock cushion layer by layer, wherein the paving width is reduced layer by layer, the paving thickness of each layer of the dam body building materials is 30-50 cm, and the dam body building materials are rolled once every 2-3 layers, and the rolling speed is 1-1.5 km/h; after rolling, paving the construction material of the rich-pulp vibrating and tamping cemented soil and stone protective layer on two sides of the rolled dam body in a vibrating construction mode to form the rich-pulp vibrating and tamping cemented soil and stone protective layer; the distance between the top of the formed slurry-rich vibrated cemented soil and stone protective layer and the top of the dam body is 3-5 cm;
and S4, repeating the step S3 until the cemented soil-rock dam reaches the required height.
The following examples are provided to illustrate specific embodiments of the present invention.
Example 1
A kind of cement earth-rock dam, build in certain river course of Sichuan, its dam body overall height is 12m, the width of the dam body top is 4m; the cemented soil-rock dam comprises a dam body 1, the slope ratio of the side walls of two sides of the dam body 1 is 1:1, and a slurry-rich rolled cemented soil-rock cushion layer 2 with the thickness of 1m and a slurry-rich vibrated cemented soil-rock protective layer 3 with the thickness of 1m are respectively paved at the bottom and two sides of the dam body 1; the dam body 1 is made of a building material which comprises the following components in parts by mass:
60 parts of ordinary silica 42.5 cement, 60 parts of II-grade fly ash, 1520 parts of fine-grained soil, 17.5 parts of a mud-blocking type water reducing agent and 304 parts of water;
the construction material of the rich-pulp rolling bonded soil-stone cushion layer 2 comprises the following components in parts by mass:
150 parts of ordinary silica 42.5 cement, 150 parts of II-grade fly ash, 600 parts of fine-grained soil, 1200 parts of broken stone with the grain size not exceeding 40mm, 21 parts of a mud-blocking water reducing agent, 1.15 parts of a mud-blocking air entraining agent and 180 parts of water;
the building material of the rich-pulp vibrating glue soil-stone protective layer 3 comprises the following components in parts by mass:
42.5 parts of ordinary silica, 185 parts of grade II fly ash, 550 parts of fine soil, 1100 parts of crushed stone with the particle size not exceeding 40mm, 20 parts of a mud-blocking water reducer, 1.1 parts of a mud-blocking air entraining agent and 190 parts of water.
1. The mud-blocking type water reducing agent used in the embodiment is prepared by the following steps:
s1: dissolving methyl alkenyl polyoxyethylene ether and methyl alkenyl polyoxyethylene ether in water according to the mass ratio of 120;
s2: adding graphene oxide and acrylamide into the base solution, stirring for 25min, adding an oxidant, reacting for 40min at room temperature, adding a reducing agent, reacting for 45min at room temperature, heating to 65 ℃, and reacting for 5h; the mass ratio of the added graphene oxide, acrylamide, oxidant and reductant to the methyl alkenyl polyoxyethylene ether is 10; the oxidant is a mixture of ammonium persulfate and 30wt% hydrogen peroxide solution according to the feed-liquid ratio of 2g
S3: adding acrylic acid into the system after the reaction of S2, stirring for 35min, adjusting the pH value of the system to 7, and then cooling to room temperature to obtain the acrylic acid-containing aqueous solution; the molar ratio of acrylic acid to methyl alkenyl polyoxyethylene ether added is 1:1.
2. The mud-blocking type air entraining agent used in the embodiment is prepared by the following steps:
mixing rosin powder, triethanolamine, sulfuric acid, sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate, bisphenol A, pentaerythritol and water according to the mass ratio of 45.
3. The construction method of the cemented soil-rock dam in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
s1, determining the bottom width a of the cemented earth-rock dam according to a formula (1),
(1) In the formula, h is the height of the dam body and is 12m; b is the width of the top surface of the dam body and is 4m; theta is an included angle between the dam body and the ground, and the value of theta is 45 degrees; calculating to obtain the width a of the bottom of the cemented earth-rock dam of 28m;
s2, paving the rich-pulp rolled cemented soil and stone cushion layer building materials on a cemented soil and stone dam building site layer by layer, wherein the paving width is a, the thickness of each layer of the rich-pulp rolled cemented soil and stone cushion layer building materials is 20cm, and the rolling is carried out once every 2 layers, the rolling speed is 1km/h, until the rich-pulp rolled cemented soil and stone cushion layer reaches the preset thickness;
s3, paving the dam body building materials on the rich-pulp rolled cemented soil-rock cushion layer by layer, wherein the paving width is reduced layer by layer, the paving thickness of each layer of the dam body building materials is 40cm, and the dam body building materials are rolled once every 3 layers, and the rolling speed is 1km/h; after rolling, paving the construction material of the rich-pulp vibrating and tamping cemented soil and stone protective layer on two sides of the rolled dam body in a vibrating construction mode to form the rich-pulp vibrating and tamping cemented soil and stone protective layer; the distance between the top of the formed slurry-rich vibrated cemented soil and stone protective layer and the top of the dam body is 4cm;
and S4, repeating the step S3 until the cemented soil-rock dam reaches the required height.
Example 2
A glue-solid earth-rock dam is built in a river channel of Guizhou, the total height of the dam body is 8m, and the width of the top of the dam body is 4m; the cemented soil-rock dam comprises a dam body 1, the slope ratio of the side walls of two sides of the dam body 1 is 1:1, and a slurry-rich rolled cemented soil-rock cushion layer 2 with the thickness of 1m and a slurry-rich vibrated cemented soil-rock protective layer 3 with the thickness of 1m are respectively paved at the bottom and two sides of the dam body 1; the dam body 1 is made of a building material which comprises the following components in parts by mass:
42.5 parts of ordinary silica, 70 parts of II-grade fly ash, 1500 parts of fine soil, 20 parts of a mud-blocking water reducer and 300 parts of water;
the construction material of the rich-pulp rolling bonded soil-stone cushion layer 2 comprises the following components in parts by mass:
140 parts of ordinary silica 42.5 cement, 170 parts of II-grade fly ash, 550 parts of fine soil, 1300 parts of crushed stone with the particle size not exceeding 40mm, 20 parts of a mud-blocking water reducer, 2 parts of a mud-blocking air entraining agent and 250 parts of water;
the construction material of the rich-slurry vibrating and tamping cemented soil and stone protective layer 3 comprises the following components in parts by mass:
42.5 parts of ordinary silica, 200 parts of II-grade fly ash, 540 parts of fine-grained soil, 1200 parts of broken stone with the grain diameter not exceeding 40mm, 18 parts of a mud-blocking water reducer, 2 parts of a mud-blocking air entraining agent and 250 parts of water.
1. The mud-blocking water reducer used in the embodiment is prepared by the following steps:
s1: dissolving methyl alkenyl polyoxyethylene ether and methyl alkenyl polyoxyethylene ether in water according to the mass ratio of 100;
s2: adding graphene oxide and acrylamide into the base solution, stirring for 20min, adding an oxidant, reacting for 30min at room temperature, adding a reducing agent, reacting for 60min at room temperature, heating to 70 ℃, and reacting for 4h; the mass ratio of the added graphene oxide, acrylamide, oxidant and reductant to the methyl alkenyl polyoxyethylene ether is 5; the oxidant is a mixture of ammonium persulfate and 30wt% hydrogen peroxide solution according to the feed-liquid ratio of 2g
S3: adding acrylic acid into the system after the reaction of S2, stirring for 30min, adjusting the pH value of the system to 6, and then cooling to room temperature to obtain the acrylic acid-containing aqueous solution; the molar ratio of acrylic acid to methyl alkenyl polyoxyethylene ether added is 1:1.
2. The mud-blocking type air entraining agent used in the embodiment is prepared by the following steps:
mixing rosin powder, triethanolamine, sulfuric acid, sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate, bisphenol A, pentaerythritol and water according to the mass ratio of 40.
3. The construction method of the cemented soil-rock dam in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
s1, determining the bottom width a of the cemented earth-rock dam according to a formula (1),
(1) In the formula, h is the height of the dam body and is 8m; b is the width of the top surface of the dam body and is 4m; theta is an included angle between the dam body and the ground, and the value of theta is 45 degrees; through calculation, the width a of the bottom of the cemented earth-rock dam is 20m;
s2, paving the rich-pulp rolled cemented soil and stone cushion layer building materials on a cemented soil and stone dam building site layer by layer, wherein the paving width is a, the thickness of each layer of the rich-pulp rolled cemented soil and stone cushion layer building materials is 15cm, and the rolling is carried out once every 3 layers, the rolling speed is 1.5km/h, until the rich-pulp rolled cemented soil and stone cushion layer reaches the preset thickness;
s3, paving the dam body building materials on the rich-pulp rolled cemented soil-rock cushion layer by layer, wherein the paving width is reduced layer by layer, the paving thickness of each layer of the dam body building materials is 30cm, and the dam body building materials are rolled once every 3 layers, and the rolling speed is 1.5km/h; after rolling, paving the construction material of the rich-pulp vibrating and tamping cemented soil and stone protective layer on two sides of the rolled dam body in a vibrating construction mode to form the rich-pulp vibrating and tamping cemented soil and stone protective layer; the distance between the top of the formed slurry-rich vibrated cemented soil and stone protective layer and the top of the dam body is 3cm;
and S4, repeating the step S3 until the cemented soil-rock dam reaches the required height.
Example 3
A kind of cement earth-rock dam, build in certain river course of the north river, its dam body overall height is 10m, the width of the dam body top is 4m; the cemented soil-rock dam comprises a dam body 1, the slope ratio of the side walls of two sides of the dam body 1 is 1:1, and a slurry-rich rolled cemented soil-rock cushion layer 2 with the thickness of 1m and a slurry-rich vibrated cemented soil-rock protective layer 3 with the thickness of 1m are respectively paved at the bottom and two sides of the dam body 1; the dam body 1 is made of a building material which comprises the following components in parts by mass:
42.5 parts of ordinary silica, 50 parts of II-grade fly ash, 1600 parts of fine-grained soil, 15 parts of a mud-blocking water reducer and 320 parts of water;
the construction material of the rich-pulp rolling bonded soil-stone cushion layer 2 comprises the following components in parts by mass:
42.5 parts of ordinary silica, 130 parts of II-grade fly ash, 650 parts of fine-grained soil, 1000 parts of crushed stone with the grain diameter not exceeding 40mm, 25 parts of a mud-blocking water reducer, 1 part of a mud-blocking air entraining agent and 150 parts of water;
the construction material of the rich-slurry vibrating and tamping cemented soil and stone protective layer 3 comprises the following components in parts by mass:
42.5 parts of ordinary silica, 200 parts of cement, 180 parts of II-grade fly ash, 560 parts of fine-grained soil, 1000 parts of broken stone with the grain size not exceeding 40mm, 22 parts of a mud-blocking water reducing agent, 12 parts of a mud-blocking air entraining agent and 150 parts of water.
1. The mud-blocking water reducer used in the embodiment is prepared by the following steps:
s1: dissolving methyl alkenyl polyoxyethylene ether and methyl alkenyl polyoxyethylene ether in water according to the mass ratio of 150;
s2: adding graphene oxide and acrylamide into the base solution, stirring for 30min, adding an oxidant, reacting for 45min at room temperature, adding a reducing agent, reacting for 30min at room temperature, heating to 60 ℃, and reacting for 6h; the mass ratio of the added graphene oxide, acrylamide, oxidant and reductant to the methyl alkenyl polyoxyethylene ether is 15; the oxidant is a mixture of ammonium persulfate and 30wt% hydrogen peroxide solution according to the feed-liquid ratio of 2g
S3: adding acrylic acid into the system after the S2 reaction, stirring for 40min, adjusting the pH value of the system to 7, and then cooling to room temperature to obtain the acrylic acid-containing aqueous solution; the molar ratio of acrylic acid to methyl alkenyl polyoxyethylene ether added is 1:1.
2. The mud-blocking type air entraining agent used in the embodiment is prepared by the following steps:
mixing rosin powder, triethanolamine, sulfuric acid, sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate, bisphenol A, pentaerythritol and water according to the mass ratio of 50.
3. The construction method of the cemented earth-rock dam in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
s1, determining the bottom width a of the cemented earth-rock dam according to a formula (1),
(1) In the formula, h is the height of the dam body and is 10m; b is the width of the top surface of the dam body and is 4m; theta is an included angle between the dam body and the ground, and the value of theta is 45 degrees; through calculation, the width a of the bottom of the cemented earth-rock dam is 24m;
s2, paving the rich-pulp rolled cemented soil and stone cushion layer building materials on a cemented soil and stone dam building site layer by layer, wherein the paving width is a, the thickness of each layer of the rich-pulp rolled cemented soil and stone cushion layer building materials is 20cm, and the rolling is carried out once every 3 layers, the rolling speed is 1km/h, until the rich-pulp rolled cemented soil and stone cushion layer reaches the preset thickness;
s3, paving the dam body building materials on the rich-pulp rolled cemented soil-rock cushion layer by layer, wherein the paving width is reduced layer by layer, the paving thickness of each layer of the dam body building materials is 50cm, and the dam body building materials are rolled once every 2 layers, and the rolling speed is 1.5km/h; after rolling, paving the construction material of the rich-pulp vibrating and tamping cemented soil and stone protective layer on two sides of the rolled dam body in a vibrating construction mode to form the rich-pulp vibrating and tamping cemented soil and stone protective layer; the distance between the top of the formed slurry-rich vibrated cemented soil and stone protective layer and the top of the dam body is 5cm;
and S4, repeating the step S3 until the cemented soil-rock dam reaches the required height.
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it should not be construed as limited to the scope of the patent. Various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art without inventive step within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a glued soil rock dam which characterized in that: the dam comprises a dam body, wherein a rich pulp rolling cemented soil-stone cushion layer and a rich pulp vibrating cemented soil-stone protective layer are respectively paved at the bottom and two sides of the dam body;
the dam body building material comprises the following components in parts by mass:
50-70 parts of cement, 50-70 parts of fly ash, 1500-1600 parts of soil, 15-20 parts of mud-resistant water reducing agent and 300-320 parts of water;
the construction material of the rich-pulp rolling cemented soil-rock cushion layer comprises the following components in parts by mass:
140-160 parts of cement, 130-170 parts of fly ash, 550-650 parts of soil, 1000-1300 parts of broken stone, 20-25 parts of mud-blocking water reducer, 1-2 parts of mud-blocking air entraining agent and 150-250 parts of water;
the building material of the rich-slurry vibrated cemented soil-stone protective layer comprises the following components in parts by mass:
180-200 parts of cement, 180-200 parts of fly ash, 540-560 parts of soil, 1000-1200 parts of broken stone, 18-22 parts of mud-blocking water reducer, 1-2 parts of mud-blocking air entraining agent and 150-250 parts of water.
2. The cemented earth-rock dam of claim 1, wherein:
the dam body building material comprises the following components in parts by mass:
60 parts of cement, 60 parts of fly ash, 1520 parts of soil, 17.5 parts of a mud-blocking water reducer and 304 parts of water;
the construction material of the rich-pulp rolling cemented soil-rock cushion layer comprises the following components in parts by mass:
150 parts of cement, 150 parts of fly ash, 600 parts of soil, 1200 parts of broken stone, 21 parts of a mud-blocking water reducing agent, 1.15 parts of a mud-blocking air entraining agent and 180 parts of water;
the building material of the rich-slurry vibrated cemented soil-stone protective layer comprises the following components in parts by mass:
185 parts of cement, 185 parts of fly ash, 550 parts of soil, 1100 parts of broken stone, 20 parts of a mud-resistant water reducing agent, 1.1 parts of a mud-resistant air entraining agent and 190 parts of water.
3. A cemented earth and rockfill dam as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the soil is fine soil; the particle size of the crushed stone is not more than 40mm; the fly ash is II-grade fly ash.
4. The cemented soil-rock dam of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the mud-retarding water reducer is prepared by the following steps:
s1: dissolving methyl alkenyl polyoxyethylene ether and methyl alkenyl polyoxyethylene ether in water according to the mass ratio of 100-150 and 2-5, and then stirring for 30-45 min at 50-60 ℃ to obtain base liquid;
s2: adding graphene oxide and acrylamide into the base solution, stirring for 20-30 min, adding an oxidant, reacting for 30-45 min at room temperature, adding a reducing agent, reacting for 30-60 min at room temperature, heating to 60-70 ℃, and reacting for 4-6 h; the mass ratio of the added graphene oxide, acrylamide, oxidant and reductant to the methyl alkenyl polyoxyethylene ether is 5-15, namely 3-6:2-5:4-8;
s3: and adding acrylic acid into the system after the reaction of S2, stirring for 30-40 min, adjusting the pH value of the system to 6-7, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the acrylic acid-containing aqueous emulsion.
5. The cemented earth-rock dam of claim 4, wherein: the oxidant is a mixture of ammonium persulfate and 30wt% hydrogen peroxide solution according to the feed-liquid ratio of 2g; the reducing agent is L-ascorbic acid.
6. The cementitious rock dam of claim 1, wherein said mud-blocking air entraining agent is prepared by:
mixing rosin powder, triethanolamine, sulfuric acid, sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate, bisphenol A, pentaerythritol and water according to the mass ratio of 40-50.
7. The cemented earth-rock dam of claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the rich pulp rolling cemented soil-stone cushion layer and the thickness of the rich pulp vibrating cemented soil-stone protective layer are both 80-120 cm.
8. The cemented earth-rock dam of claim 7, wherein: the section of the dam body is trapezoidal, and the slope ratio of the side face of the dam body is 1:1.
9. The cemented earth-rock dam of claim 8, wherein: the width of the top of the dam body is 4m.
10. A method of constructing a cemented earth and rockfill dam as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:
s1, determining the bottom width a of the cemented earth-rock dam according to a formula (1),
(1) In the formula, h is the height of the dam body, b is the width of the top surface of the dam body, and theta is an included angle between the dam body and the ground, and the value of theta is 45-60 degrees;
s2, paving the rich-pulp rolled cemented soil and stone cushion layer building materials on a cemented soil and stone dam building site layer by layer, wherein the paving width is a, the thickness of each layer of the rich-pulp rolled cemented soil and stone cushion layer building materials is 15-20 cm, and the rolling is carried out once every 2-3 layers of the rich-pulp rolled cemented soil and stone cushion layer building materials are paved, the rolling speed is 1-1.5 km/h, until the rich-pulp rolled cemented soil and stone cushion layer reaches the preset thickness;
s3, paving the dam body building materials on the rich-pulp rolled cemented soil-rock cushion layer by layer, wherein the paving width is reduced layer by layer, the paving thickness of each layer of the dam body building materials is 30-50 cm, and the dam body building materials are rolled once every 2-3 layers, and the rolling speed is 1-1.5 km/h; paving the construction material of the rich-pulp vibrating and tamping rubber soil and stone protection layer on two sides of the rolled dam body in a vibrating construction mode after rolling to form a rich-pulp vibrating and tamping rubber soil and stone protection layer; the distance between the top of the formed slurry-rich vibrated consolidated soil and stone protective layer and the top of the dam body is 3-5 cm;
and S4, repeating the step S3 until the cemented soil-rock dam reaches the required height.
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