CN115396294B - Multi-stage information physical cooperative recovery method for distribution network information physical composite fault - Google Patents

Multi-stage information physical cooperative recovery method for distribution network information physical composite fault Download PDF

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CN115396294B
CN115396294B CN202211024868.6A CN202211024868A CN115396294B CN 115396294 B CN115396294 B CN 115396294B CN 202211024868 A CN202211024868 A CN 202211024868A CN 115396294 B CN115396294 B CN 115396294B
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communication network
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CN115396294A (en
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刘艳丽
冯浩楠
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Tianjin University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/06—Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications
    • H04L41/0677—Localisation of faults
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00032—Systems characterised by the controlled or operated power network elements or equipment, the power network elements or equipment not otherwise provided for
    • H02J13/00036—Systems characterised by the controlled or operated power network elements or equipment, the power network elements or equipment not otherwise provided for the elements or equipment being or involving switches, relays or circuit breakers
    • H02J13/0004—Systems characterised by the controlled or operated power network elements or equipment, the power network elements or equipment not otherwise provided for the elements or equipment being or involving switches, relays or circuit breakers involved in a protection system
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/06—Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications
    • H04L41/0654—Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications using network fault recovery
    • H04L41/0659—Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications using network fault recovery by isolating or reconfiguring faulty entities
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/14—Network analysis or design
    • H04L41/145—Network analysis or design involving simulating, designing, planning or modelling of a network

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-stage information physical cooperative recovery method of a distribution network information physical composite fault, which is realized in the following four stages: in the fault positioning stage, the fault coordinate data information of the composite network is positioned under the influence of extreme weather disasters on the power grid and the communication network; in the fault propagation stage, fault areas are divided according to propagation of faults in the power grid and the communication network; the fault isolation stage comprises the steps of recovering a communication network based on a Floyd algorithm in a fault area and operating a remote control switch RCS to block a propagation path of a fault in the power network; in the non-fault area recovery stage, the communication network controls the remote control switch RCS to realize non-fault but non-power supply area load recovery; the CPS collaborative recovery strategy of information physical bilateral influence and fault handling multi-stage time sequence influence is adopted, so that the CPS fault is quickly recovered by minimizing load loss and repairing time.

Description

Multi-stage information physical cooperative recovery method for distribution network information physical composite fault
Technical field:
the invention belongs to the technology of information physical system fault restoration, and particularly relates to a multi-stage information physical collaborative restoration method for a distribution network information physical composite fault.
The background technology is as follows:
with the rapid development of communication systems, the dependence of the power grid on the communication systems is continuously enhanced, and the traditional power systems are gradually evolved into information physical systems (Cyber Physical System, CPS), so that when large-scale disasters occur, both sides of the information physical systems are affected, and interaction is expanded to affect the scale to cause compound faults. To solve this problem, there is a need to increase the level of toughness of CPS in the face of extreme disasters, especially by improving its toughness by defense, response and recovery, while considering both sides of the information physics, to enhance its resistance to damage and rapid recovery. The power distribution CPS has a relatively low degree of redundancy, low degree of automation, and relatively poor control means compared to the power transmission CPS, such that the power distribution CPS is relatively weak in its ability to handle extreme events. Therefore, the research on the cooperative fault recovery of the distribution information physical system has more important theoretical value and practical significance.
The accurate prediction of the influence of the disaster on the system before the extreme disaster occurs is crucial to fault location, a foundation can be laid for subsequent strategy formulation, the rapid response capability after the occurrence of the fault determines the affected fault range of the system, and the toughness CPS has the capability of bearing interruption and rapid recovery besides the capability of adapting to the continuously-changing conditions.
Current research improves the ability of the system to withstand extreme events and recover quickly through measures taken before, during, and after a disaster. However, these studies have typically focused on a certain stage in the overall recovery process of the system after the occurrence of an extreme event. The measures that allow for the coordination of multiple phases have in turn mostly focused on the study of the grid. With the gradual development of CPS, on one hand, many recovery means are highly dependent on a communication network, such as network reconstruction, generator scheduling and the like, which needs to be supported by the communication network, and the communication network can be damaged to a certain extent under the condition of extreme natural disasters, so that the communication network is not considered to be completely reliable and is only optimized for a power grid, which is not practical; on the other hand, after the fault occurs, the fault is propagated in the network until the fault is isolated, so that the fault is isolated before the fault is recovered, and the communication side is required to control the fault isolation, the whole fault recovery process is actually multi-stage coupled, and the multi-stage time sequence influence is necessary to be considered when designing a fault recovery strategy with physical collaboration of information.
The invention comprises the following steps:
the invention considers the defect of the prior research of a fault recovery strategy of a toughness-oriented distribution information physical system in the prior art, fully considers the interdependence of a power grid and a communication network in the aspects of infrastructure, network topology and service functions, reflects the coupling influence on the electric-communication double-side fault location, network degradation, fault isolation and service recovery multi-stage after the occurrence of an actual natural disaster, and provides a multi-stage information physical collaborative recovery method of a distribution network information physical composite fault.
The invention solves the practical problems by adopting the following technical scheme:
a multi-stage information physical cooperative recovery method of a distribution network information physical composite fault is realized in the following four stages:
in the fault positioning stage, the fault coordinate data of the composite network are positioned under the influence of extreme weather disasters on the power grid and the communication network; information processing system
In the fault propagation stage, fault areas are divided according to propagation of faults in the power grid and the communication network;
the fault isolation stage comprises the steps of recovering a communication network based on a Floyd algorithm in a fault area and operating a remote control switch RCS to block a propagation path of a fault in the power network;
in the non-fault area recovery stage, the communication network controls the power grid remote control switch RC S to realize non-fault but non-power supply area load recovery by taking the following formula as a target;
wherein T is C3 For the starting time T of the stage end For the ending time of the whole process, j is the number of the power grid bus, B is the collection of the power grid bus, and P j For the active power loss quantity, omega at the power grid bus j j And the weight value of the bus j in the power grid.
Further, a recovery process of the communication network side is determined based on the Floyd algorithm: 201. the method for establishing the communication network fault recovery target model comprises the following steps:
f＝max{(minT 1 ,minT 2 ,…,minT s )}
T i ＝t G +t 0
wherein: minT (minT) i The shortest time for completing tasks for the first-aid repair team i is s the number of the first-aid repair teams, t G Time t required for maintaining the optical fiber 0 Time required for team travel; wherein:
202. the constraint conditions are as follows:
1) Each faulty road segment must be serviced by only one repair team, as follows:
wherein: m is the number of rush repair teams, n is the number of communication network faults, x ik Indicating whether the fault road section i is allocated to the repair team k, wherein a value of 1 represents allocation, a value of 0 represents non-allocation,the number of fault road sections for simultaneous rush repair;
2) Restoring the remote control switch RCS communication link, namely:
x j ＝0,j＝1,2,…,13
wherein: x is x j Representing the link of the RCS with the communication node, x j =0 represents no link failure;
3) Repair can only be performed on the basis of the original power communication network topology, and a new path cannot be established.
Further, the operating remote control switch RCS blocks the propagation path process of the fault in the power grid by the following formula:
f＝min(T 1 -T 2 )∑ j∈B ω j P j,2
wherein: t (T) 1 The fault isolation starting time is the fault isolation starting time; the constraint conditions are the voltage, power and tide which are necessary for the operation of the power grid, and the radial network structure which is necessary for the power distribution network.
The beneficial effects are that:
(1) The invention provides an information physical composite fault positioning method under natural disasters;
(2) CPS collaborative recovery strategies considering information physical bilateral influence and fault handling multi-stage time sequence influence are provided, so that the information physical composite fault recovery is modeled by minimizing load loss and repair time;
(3) The invention provides a method for evaluating the toughness level of a power distribution information physical system after an extreme event by taking the absorptivity, the adaptability and the energy supply rate as toughness evaluation indexes so as to reflect the recovery process of the power distribution system in a certain stage and the whole process.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a CPS collaborative recovery flow chart for a communication network-based control grid considering an information physical composite fault;
Detailed Description
The invention provides a CPS cooperative recovery method based on a communication network control power grid by considering information physical composite faults, and the implementation process of the CPS cooperative recovery method is further described in detail below with reference to FIG. 1.
In order to comprehensively improve the recovery capability of the distribution information physical system after disasters, the whole multi-stage process from fault positioning is considered when a toughness enhancement strategy is designed, and the multi-stage toughness enhancement flow of the distribution information physical system shown in the figure 1 is proposed based on the scene of closely linking information physics of a remote control switch, so as to reduce load loss and time required by the multi-stage process. The first stage is to obtain a specific network fault condition by modeling disasters; in the second stage, the fault is propagated in the network, so that the network fault condition after the fault propagation is given out; in the third stage, firstly, the communication network is restored to realize the control of the power network, and then a remote control switch (Remote Controlled Switch, RCS) is operated to block a fault propagation path to perform fault isolation; and finally, realizing non-fault but power-free area load recovery by using the RCS controlled by the communication network.
Step (1) determining the network fault location according to the extreme weather information
The impact of the fault on the power and communication network is determined. Natural disasters can be classified into three types of central type, unilateral type and global type according to the characteristics of natural disaster intensity distribution. The central disaster, namely, the disaster center, has the greatest intensity, and the intensity gradually decreases as the distance from the center increases, for example: earthquake; unilateral disasters, i.e. disasters with linearly decreasing intensity, have a highest intensity at one side of the disaster, for example: hurricane; the intensity perceived by the global disaster, i.e. the disaster area, is the same throughout, for example: storm snow. The invention takes the central disaster earthquake as an example to generate the fault conditions of the power grid and the communication network.
Step (2) Power grid Fault propagation stage
Since the grid is a connected network, when a fault occurs at a point, the fault propagates along the grid connection path until no connection exists. Therefore, before isolating the fault, fault propagation (i.e. network degradation) of the network will necessarily occur, if the fault is not isolated in time, a huge influence will be exerted on the power grid, and in this stage, the power grid can be initially divided into a fault area and a non-fault area according to the topology structure of the power grid itself and the position where the fault occurs: the fault area is the area in which the fault line exists, namely the load of the whole area cannot normally run; the non-fault area is the area where no fault line exists, i.e. the load in the area may normally run.
Step (3) consider a grid fault isolation phase of the communication network
Recovery of communication network based on Floyd algorithm to realize control function on power network
The failure recovery of a conventional communication network is mainly divided into two aspects: the fault recovery of the mobile communication network can realize timely and accurate monitoring of the power network so as to conduct more accurate guidance on subsequent power network recovery; the fault recovery of the optical fiber communication network can realize various control operations on the power grid, namely, the dispatching automation of the power grid. The fault recovery at the communication network side is mainly used for realizing the control function on the power grid RCS, so that the recovery of the communication network mainly considers the optical fiber communication network part.
The communication network is a network composed of nodes and lines connecting them, and the communication center issues instructions and then propagates the instructions to the nodes connected with the power grid element at the tail end through optical fiber communication paths. Therefore, when a certain path is connected, the controlled RCS can timely receive the instruction to perform opening or closing operation, but when the communication optical fiber is damaged due to natural disasters, the corresponding communication path cannot transmit the instruction, and the RCS cannot operate. To continue to achieve control of the RCS, repair personnel are required to repair the communication fiber, and to reduce the time to repair the fault, optimization of the repair path of the repair personnel is required. The Floyd algorithm is an algorithm for calculating the shortest path between each node under the condition of given network topology and line weights between each adjacent node, and according to the principle, the restoration of the communication network can set the line weights of the adjacent nodes as the sum of the time required by personnel to travel and the time required by maintaining the optical fiber, and further calculate the shortest time required by maintenance to realize the restoration of the communication path.
Grid fault isolation using RCS
Before isolating the fault, the fault is known to propagate on the connected grid so that the grid fault is scaled up. At this stage, the connected power grid is disconnected, and further propagation of the fault is prevented. The RCS required to disconnect the grid line may receive instructions to perform the disconnection operation after the above-described communication network failure has recovered. Not every line is equipped with an RCS, so when performing a line disconnection operation, it is necessary to optimize the RCS operation conditions to reduce the area of the fault area, while satisfying constraints necessary for grid operation, such as: node voltage constraint, line power flow constraint, generator output upper and lower limit constraint and the like.
Step (4) consider the non-fault area load recovery phase of the power grid of the communication network
In the phase of isolating faults, with the RCS disconnected, the whole grid is divided into several small parts: a part is a fault area, and only after a maintainer maintains the fault line, the load of the area can be restored: the load of the area where the power exists can normally operate, and the load still cannot normally operate although the area where the power does not exist is not faulty. Therefore, the load recovery of the non-fault area without power supply is realized through the closing operation of the RCS at this stage, and the RCS required by closing the power grid line can receive an instruction to execute the closing operation after the communication network fault is recovered. The closing of the line may cause the non-fault area to be communicated with the fault area again so as to enlarge the fault scale, so that the constraint of not enlarging the fault scale is satisfied except the constraint necessary for the operation of the power grid, the action condition of the RCS is optimized, and the load loss is reduced.
Detailed description of the invention
Determining network failure location based on extreme weather information
CPS fault location is determined taking the given seismic disaster information as an example. Network coordinates are determined based on the geographic location of the given communication network and the power grid. The intensity M of the earthquake disaster is obtained according to the data after the earthquake disaster occurs, and the earthquake intensity I sensed by each point is determined according to the earthquake center and the earthquake intensity and is shown as a formula (5-2).
I＝0.514+1.500M-0.00659R-2.014log(R+10)+ρ (5-1)
Where R represents the distance of the node from the seismic center, ρ is an uncertainty random variable and is a lognormal distribution with a mean of 0 and standard deviation of 0.274.
Average failure rate of the power lines according to Table 1The relation between the line self-defense grade D of the earthquake intensity I and the average failure rate of the power line is determined>
TABLE 1 average failure rate, defense level and seismic intensity relationship table
The earthquake bearing capacity of the line connected with the power generation and load nodes is generally designed to be higher, and the line in the power grid has different weights, so that the defending level of the common line is set to be 7, the power line connected with the power generator and the load is set to be 8, and the power line with large weight is set to be 8.
The branch failure loss rate F at different intensities can be expressed as
Wherein, delta is a random variable and is a normal distribution with a mean value of 0 and a standard deviation of 0.033.
The relationship between the grid line fault level L and the fault loss rate is shown in table 2.
Table 2 grid line fault rating
Wherein a failure of class 1 is typically a nonfunctional damage, such as an appearance damage; faults of class 2 generally have less impact on power supply, such as damage to insulation and the like; a level 3 fault is typically a non-critical functional component that has less impact on power supply, such as a transformer; while levels 4, 5 are very severe faults. The power line classes 4, 5 are thus faulty lines and are repaired.
The relationship between the line fault level and the seismic intensity of the communication network is shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 communication line fault rating
Wherein, the level 1 fault refers to basically perfect communication, and the optical fiber is not broken; the level 2 fault is worth the slight fault of the line, but does not prevent the operation; three or more faults are worth the optical fiber to be broken partially or totally. The communication fiber levels 3, 4, 5 are thus faulty lines and are subsequently repaired.
Phase of power grid fault propagation
And (3) respectively determining whether fault conditions exist in all the communication areas of the power grid according to the power grid fault position and the current topological structure of the power grid in the step (1), wherein if the fault conditions exist, the area is a fault area, all loads lose power supply, and if the fault conditions do not exist, the area is a non-fault area.
Grid fault isolation stage taking into account communication network
The overall goal of this step is to reduce the load loss and recovery time at this stage, i.e
Wherein T is C2 For the starting time of the stage, T 2 For the end of fault isolation, P j,2 And the active power loss condition of each node of the power grid is achieved at the stage.
Recovery of communication network based on Floyd algorithm to realize control function on power network
After the fault conditions of the power grid and the communication network are obtained in the step 1, the recovery condition and the recovery strategy of the communication network side are determined according to the Floyd algorithm. The objective function of the communication network fault recovery is represented by the following formulas (5-4) and (5-5):
f＝max{(minT 1 ,minT 2 ,…,minT s )} (5-4)
T i ＝t G +t 0 (5-5)
wherein: minT (minT) i The shortest time for completing tasks for the first-aid repair team i is s the number of the first-aid repair teams, t G Time t required for maintaining the optical fiber 0 The time required for the team to travel.
The constraint conditions are as follows:
1) Each faulty road section must be serviced by only one repair team, as shown in formulas (5-6) and (5-7)
Wherein: m is the number of rush repair teams, n is the number of communication network faults, x ik Indicating whether the fault road section i is allocated to the repair team k, wherein a value of 1 represents allocation, a value of 0 represents non-allocation,the number of fault road sections for simultaneous rush repair.
2) The communication link associated with the RCS is to be restored as shown in the formula (5-8)
x j ＝0,j＝1,2,…,13 (5-8)
Wherein: x is x j Representing the link of the RCS with the communication node, x j =0 represents that the link has not failed.
3) Repair can only be performed on the basis of the original power communication network topology, and a new path cannot be established.
Grid fault isolation using RCS
The purpose of blocking the fault propagation path to isolate the fault is to reduce load loss, so the objective function is:
f＝min(T 1 -T 2 )∑ j∈B ω j P j,2 (5-9)
wherein: t (T) 1 Is the fault isolation start time.
The constraint conditions are the constraints of voltage, power, tide and the like necessary for the operation of the power grid and the radial network structure necessary for the power distribution network.
Step 4 consider the non-fault area load recovery phase of the power grid of the communication network
The overall goal of this step is to reduce the load loss and recovery time at this stage, i.e
Wherein the method comprises the steps ofT C3 For the starting time of this stage, P j,3 And the active power loss condition of each node of the power grid is achieved at the stage.
The communication network recovery strategy is the same as that of step 3, and the power grid in the step realizes the load recovery of the non-fault area through closing the RCS, so that the aim is to reduce the load loss in the stage, and the constraint conditions to be considered are required to be considered besides those described in step 3, so that the non-fault area is not communicated with the fault area through closing the RCS.
The invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. The above description of specific embodiments is intended to describe and illustrate the technical aspects of the present invention, and is intended to be illustrative only and not limiting. Numerous specific modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention and scope of the claims, which are within the scope of the invention.

Claims (3)

1. The multistage information physical cooperative recovery method for the distribution network information physical composite fault is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the collaborative recovery method is realized in the following four stages:
in the fault positioning stage, the fault coordinate data information of the composite network is positioned under the influence of extreme weather disasters on the power grid and the communication network;
in the fault propagation stage, fault areas are divided according to propagation of faults in the power grid and the communication network;
the fault isolation stage comprises the steps of recovering a communication network based on a Floyd algorithm in a fault area and operating a remote control switch RCS to block a propagation path of a fault in the power network;
in the non-fault area recovery stage, the communication network controls the power grid remote control switch RCS to realize non-fault but non-power supply area load recovery by taking the following formula as a target;
wherein T is C3 For the starting time of the stage, T end For the ending time of the whole process, j is the number of the power grid bus, B is the collection of the power grid bus, and P j，3 For the active power loss quantity, omega at the power grid bus j j And the weight value of the bus j in the power grid.
2. The multi-stage information physical cooperative recovery method of the information physical composite fault of the distribution network according to claim 1, wherein the method is characterized in that: determining a recovery process of the communication network side based on the Floyd algorithm:
201. the method for establishing the communication network fault recovery target model comprises the following steps:
f＝max{(minT 1 ,minT 2 ,…,minT s )}
T i ＝t G +t 0
wherein: minT (minT) i The shortest time for completing tasks for the first-aid repair team i is s the number of the first-aid repair teams, t G Time t required for maintaining the optical fiber 0 Time required for team travel; wherein:
202. the constraint conditions are as follows:
1) Each faulty road segment must be serviced by only one repair team, as follows:
wherein: m is the number of rush repair teams, n is the number of communication network faults, x ik Indicating whether the fault road section i is allocated to the repair team k, wherein a value of 1 represents allocation, a value of 0 represents non-allocation,the number of fault road sections for simultaneous rush repair;
2) Restoring the remote control switch RCS communication link, namely:
x j ＝0,j＝1,2,…,13
wherein: x is x j Representing the link of the RCS with the communication node, x j =0 represents no link failure;
3) Repair can only be performed on the basis of the original power communication network topology, and a new path cannot be established.
3. The multi-stage information physical cooperative recovery method of the information physical composite fault of the distribution network according to claim 1, wherein the method is characterized in that:
the operating remote control switch RCS blocks the propagation path process of the fault in the grid by the following formula:
f＝min(T 1 -T 2 )∑ j∈B ω j P j,2
wherein: t (T) 1 The fault isolation starting time is the fault isolation starting time; t (T) 2 For the end of fault isolation, P j,2 The constraint conditions of the active power loss condition of each node of the power grid at the stage are the voltage, the power and the tide which are necessary for the operation of the power grid and the radial network structure necessary for the power distribution network.
CN202211024868.6A 2022-08-25 2022-08-25 Multi-stage information physical cooperative recovery method for distribution network information physical composite fault Active CN115396294B (en)

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