CN115395059A - Intelligent control method for hydrogen fuel cell, power supply system and storage medium - Google Patents

Intelligent control method for hydrogen fuel cell, power supply system and storage medium Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115395059A
CN115395059A CN202211242418.4A CN202211242418A CN115395059A CN 115395059 A CN115395059 A CN 115395059A CN 202211242418 A CN202211242418 A CN 202211242418A CN 115395059 A CN115395059 A CN 115395059A
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China
Prior art keywords
fuel cell
hydrogen
power supply
voltage
preset
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CN202211242418.4A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
宁惠芹
倪梓荣
刘智亮
肖彪
张威
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Gree Electric Appliances Inc of Zhuhai
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Gree Electric Appliances Inc of Zhuhai
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Priority to CN202211242418.4A priority Critical patent/CN115395059A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/043—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods
    • H01M8/04302—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods applied during start-up
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04992—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the implementation of mathematical or computational algorithms, e.g. feedback control loops, fuzzy logic, neural networks or artificial intelligence
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
    • H01M8/0662—Treatment of gaseous reactants or gaseous residues, e.g. cleaning
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Abstract

The invention provides an intelligent control method of a hydrogen fuel cell, the fuel cell, a power supply system and a storage medium, wherein the intelligent control method of the hydrogen fuel cell comprises the following steps: when the fuel cell is started, simultaneously starting the hydrogen supply device and the oxygen supply device to operate for a first preset time; after the hydrogen supply device and the oxygen supply device are started simultaneously to operate for the first preset time, when the voltage of the power output end of the fuel cell is larger than a first preset voltage value, the fuel cell is started to be in a loaded state. The intelligent control method of the hydrogen fuel cell can improve the large voltage fluctuation and the easy under-voltage state when the fuel cell is started.

Description

Intelligent control method for hydrogen fuel cell, power supply system and storage medium
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cell control, in particular to an intelligent hydrogen fuel cell control method, a fuel cell using the intelligent hydrogen fuel cell control method, a power supply system using the fuel cell, and a computer readable storage medium using the intelligent hydrogen fuel cell control method.
Background
The operating principle of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is that hydrogen and oxygen are subjected to oxidation reduction reaction under the catalytic action of a catalyst to generate charge transfer and release heat. The hydrogen can not fully participate in the reaction by 100 percent after entering the fuel cell, a large amount of hydrogen still does not participate in the reaction, a hydrogen recycling mode is generally adopted for improving the utilization rate of the hydrogen, namely, the hydrogen which does not completely participate in the reaction reaches a hydrogen inlet through an external pipeline and enters the hydrogen fuel cell again for recycling, so that the utilization rate of the hydrogen can be improved, and the hydrogen is humidified by using water carried by the hydrogen in a circulating way. The hydrogen used by the existing hydrogen fuel cell has a small amount of impurity gas, in the hydrogen circulation process, the impurities in the hydrogen gradually accumulate in a fuel cell system because the impurities cannot participate in the reaction, so that the hydrogen concentration is reduced, some impurity gases have influence on the activity of a catalyst, in addition, water generated by the cathode reaction can also permeate into an anode and accumulate, and redundant water can prevent the hydrogen from contacting with a reaction medium after the hydrogen fuel cell is operated for a period of time. In order to solve the problem, in the prior art, a hydrogen discharge valve is generally arranged on a hydrogen circulation loop to intermittently pulse and discharge the circulating hydrogen so as to prevent the performance of the hydrogen fuel cell from being reduced due to the accumulation of impurity gases and excessive water.
However, when the fuel cell is started, the voltage fluctuation is large and is easy to reach an undervoltage state, and the voltage fluctuation is related to the exhaust valve pulse. If the fuel cell is started, the fuel cell is discharged in a timing pulse mode, so that the pressure in a fuel cell system is prone to frequent fluctuation, the proton exchange membrane in the fuel cell is impacted, and the service life of the fuel cell is shortened.
One of the existing schemes is a method for inquiring a corresponding hydrogen pressure value and controlling the opening and closing of a hydrogen discharge device in real time by presetting a current-pressure curve table according to a current value required by an actual working condition. The method also does not solve the problem that the voltage fluctuation is large and the fuel cell is easy to reach an undervoltage state when being started.
Therefore, there is a need to consider more optimal fuel cell hydrogen control methods.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an intelligent control method for a hydrogen fuel cell, which can improve the problems of large voltage fluctuation and easy under-voltage condition when the fuel cell is started.
The second objective of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell which can improve the large voltage fluctuation and the easy under-voltage condition when the fuel cell is started.
The third purpose of the invention is to provide a power supply system which can improve the large voltage fluctuation and the easy undervoltage condition when the fuel cell is started.
It is a fourth object of the present invention to provide a computer readable storage medium that can improve the problem of the large voltage fluctuation and the easy under-voltage condition when the fuel cell is started.
In order to achieve the first object, the present invention provides a hydrogen fuel cell intelligent control method including: when the fuel cell is started, simultaneously starting a hydrogen supply device and an oxygen supply device to operate for a first preset time; after the hydrogen supply device and the oxygen supply device are simultaneously started to operate for the first preset time, when the voltage of the power output end of the fuel cell is larger than a first preset voltage value, the fuel cell is started to be in a loading state.
According to the scheme, the hydrogen supply device and the oxygen supply device are started simultaneously to operate for the first preset time when the fuel cell is started, so that residual gas in the galvanic pile is swept, and the full reaction of the fuel cell is ensured. When the voltage of the power supply output end of the fuel cell is larger than a first preset voltage value, the fuel cell is enabled to be started in a loaded state, and the voltage undershoot at the moment of loading of the fuel cell is improved to cause an under-voltage state and voltage fluctuation.
In a further aspect, after the step of starting the loaded state of the fuel cell, the method further includes: and simultaneously, the hydrogen supply device and the oxygen supply device are started to operate for a second preset time, and the hydrogen exhaust valve is controlled to perform pulse type emission at a preset frequency.
Therefore, after the fuel cell is started in the loading state, the hydrogen supply device and the oxygen supply device are continuously started to operate for the second preset time, and then the hydrogen exhaust valve is controlled to perform pulse type emission at the preset frequency, so that the instantaneous voltage undershoot and voltage fluctuation of the fuel cell in the loading state can be obviously improved, and the stable operation is guaranteed. Meanwhile, the pulse type discharge of the hydrogen exhaust valve is controlled at a preset frequency, the hydrogen in and out of the fuel cell system is reasonably controlled, and the efficiency of the fuel cell is improved.
In a further aspect, before the fuel cell is started, the method further includes: and when the starting condition of the fuel cell is confirmed to be met, starting the fuel cell.
Therefore, before the fuel cell is started, when the starting condition of the fuel cell needs to be confirmed, the fuel cell is started, and the working safety of the fuel cell is ensured.
In a further aspect, the step of starting the fuel cell when the start-up condition of the fuel cell is determined to be met includes: and confirming that the self-inspection of the power supply system connected with the fuel cell is qualified, and the power supply voltage of the power supply system does not meet the working voltage of the load.
Therefore, before the fuel cell is started, if the self-inspection of the power supply system connected with the fuel cell is qualified, the power supply system connected with the fuel cell is considered to be safe, and the power supply voltage of the power supply system does not meet the load working voltage, the fuel cell needs to be started to supply power.
In a further aspect, after the step of starting the loaded state of the fuel cell, the method further includes: when it is confirmed that the condition for shutting down the fuel cell is satisfied, the fuel cell is shut down.
Therefore, after the loading state of the fuel cell is started, the shutdown condition of the fuel cell can be monitored, and when the condition for shutting down the fuel cell is confirmed to be met, the fuel cell is shut down.
In a further aspect, confirming that the condition for shutting down the fuel cell is satisfied includes: and when the condition that the fuel cell is shut down is met when the condition that the power supply system connected with the fuel cell does not need to supply power to the fuel cell is confirmed.
Therefore, when the power supply system connected with the fuel cell is confirmed to be not required to supply power to the fuel cell through the power supply of the power supply system, the fuel cell can be shut down.
In a further aspect, after the step of starting the loaded state of the fuel cell, the method further includes: and entering a preset fault protection mechanism when the condition that the fault protection is required is confirmed to be met.
Therefore, in order to guarantee the operation safety of the fuel cell, the fault protection condition needs to be set, and when the condition that the fault protection is needed is confirmed to be met, the preset fault protection mechanism is started.
In a further aspect, confirming that the condition requiring fault protection is satisfied includes: when the voltage of the power supply output end is reduced to a second preset voltage and lasts for a third preset duration, confirming that the condition of needing fault protection is met; or when the voltage of the power output end is lower than a third preset voltage, confirming that the condition of needing fault protection is met; and the third preset voltage is smaller than the second preset voltage.
Therefore, when the voltage of the power output end is reduced to the second preset voltage and lasts for a third preset time or when the voltage of the power output end is lower than the third preset voltage, it indicates that the voltage of the power output end is too low, and a fault may occur inside the fuel cell stack, so that fault protection is required.
In a further aspect, before the step of decreasing the voltage at the output end of the power supply to the second preset voltage for the third preset time, the method further includes: when the voltage of the power supply output end is reduced to a second preset voltage, the hydrogen gas exhaust valve is controlled to be normally open for a fourth preset time, and then pulse type emission is carried out at a preset frequency.
Therefore, water generated by the outer cathode reaction permeates into the anode and accumulates, redundant water can block the contact of hydrogen and a reaction medium to cause a fault after the operation for a period of time, when the voltage of the power output end is reduced to a second preset voltage, firstly, considering that the voltage of the power output end is low due to the water flooding of the fuel cell, the normally open exhaust valve can relieve the water flooding to improve the voltage of the side of the electric pile, and then, whether the water flooding can be relieved to ensure that the voltage of the power output end is raised again is determined.
In a further aspect, confirming that the condition requiring fault protection is satisfied includes: and if the detected temperature of the fuel cell stack is greater than the stack temperature protection threshold value, confirming that the condition of needing fault protection is met.
Therefore, if the temperature of the fuel cell stack is greater than the stack temperature protection threshold, it indicates that there is a risk of excessive temperature and a fault protection mechanism needs to be entered.
In a further aspect, confirming that the condition requiring fault protection is satisfied includes: if the current of the power supply output end is detected to be larger than a first preset current value, confirming that the condition of needing fault protection is met; or when the load current of a power supply system connected with the fuel cell is larger than a second preset current value, confirming that the condition of needing fault protection is met.
Therefore, when the current of the power output end is larger than the first preset current value, the output current of the power output end is overloaded, and a fault protection mechanism needs to be entered. Meanwhile, when the load current of the power supply system connected with the fuel cell is greater than a second preset current value, the load is considered to be abnormal, and overload operation is performed, so that a fault protection mechanism needs to be entered.
In a further aspect, the step of entering the preset fault protection mechanism includes: and after the fuel cell is closed for the fifth preset time, detecting the starting condition of the fuel cell.
Therefore, when entering a preset fault protection mechanism, after closing the fuel cell for a fifth preset time, the detection of the starting condition of the fuel cell is entered so as to restart the power supply of the fuel cell.
In order to achieve the second object of the present invention, the present invention provides a fuel cell, which includes a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the computer program implements the steps of the above-mentioned intelligent control method of the hydrogen fuel cell when being executed by the processor.
In order to achieve the third object of the present invention, the power supply system provided by the present invention includes a lithium battery power supply module, a photovoltaic power supply module, a fuel cell and a load power supply end, wherein power output ends of the lithium battery power supply module, the photovoltaic power supply module and the fuel cell are electrically connected to the load power supply end, and the fuel cell employs the above fuel cell.
In order to achieve the fourth object of the present invention, the present invention provides a computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, the computer program, when executed by a controller, implementing the steps of the intelligent control method for a hydrogen fuel cell as described above.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of the power supply system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of an embodiment of the intelligent control method for the hydrogen fuel cell, which applies the invention.
Fig. 3 is a flow chart of the step of entering the preset fault protection mechanism in the embodiment of the intelligent control method for the hydrogen fuel cell of the invention.
The invention is further explained with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the power supply system comprises:
referring to fig. 1, in this embodiment, the power supply system includes a lithium battery power supply module 1, a photovoltaic power supply module 2, a fuel cell 3, and a load power supply terminal 4, power output terminals of the lithium battery power supply module 1, the photovoltaic power supply module 2, and the fuel cell 3 are all electrically connected to the load power supply terminal 4 through a bus relay K2, and the fuel cell 3 is further connected to a bus through a fuel cell side relay K1. Lithium battery power module 1, photovoltaic power module 2, fuel cell 3 all can supply power to load power supply end 4, and power supply system can be according to monitoring and the integrated analysis through the voltage, electric current, the pile temperature isoparametric change to lithium battery power module 1, photovoltaic power module 2, fuel cell 3 and load power supply end 4 to control lithium battery power module 1, photovoltaic power module 2, fuel cell 3 correspondingly and carry out the power supply operation. The fuel cell 3 includes a hydrogen supply device that supplies hydrogen to the stack and an oxygen supply device that supplies oxygen to the stack, the hydrogen supply device being a device that cyclically supplies hydrogen. In this embodiment, the hydrogen supply device includes a hydrogen inlet pipe 31, a hydrogen outlet pipe 32, a hydrogen inlet valve 33 and a hydrogen outlet valve 34, the hydrogen inlet valve 33 is disposed on the hydrogen inlet pipe 31, the hydrogen outlet valve 34 is disposed on the hydrogen outlet pipe 32, and the hydrogen inlet pipe 31 and the hydrogen outlet pipe 32 are circularly communicated. The oxygen supply device comprises an air inlet pipe 35, an air exhaust pipe 36 and a fan 37, wherein the fan 37 is used for blowing air into the air inlet pipe 35 and also used for radiating the galvanic pile.
The embodiment of the intelligent control method of the hydrogen fuel cell comprises the following steps:
the intelligent control method of the hydrogen fuel cell is an application program applied to the fuel cell of the power supply system and is used for controlling the fuel cell.
As shown in fig. 2, when the intelligent control method for hydrogen fuel cell of the present invention works, step S1 is executed first, and when it is confirmed that the startup condition of the fuel cell is met, the fuel cell is started. Before the fuel cell is started, the fuel cell needs to be confirmed to meet the starting condition. In this embodiment, when the start-up condition of the fuel cell is determined to be satisfied, the step of starting up the fuel cell includes: and confirming that the self-inspection of the power supply system connected with the fuel cell is qualified, and the power supply voltage of the power supply system does not meet the working voltage of the load. In order to guarantee the safety of the system, the power supply system can supply power only if the power supply system is qualified by self-checking. When the power supply system starts to operate, firstly, the bus side relay K2 is closed to enable the system to start to carry load, then the self-checking of the whole system is carried out, whether parameters such as voltage, current and stack temperature on the fuel cell side, the photovoltaic side, the lithium cell side and the load side are abnormal or not is checked, whether sensor communication is normal or not is checked, and the like. If any abnormity exists, the self-checking fails, the power supply is not started, and if no abnormity exists, the self-checking is qualified. Power supply operation can be performed. When the power supply operation is carried out, the priority of the lithium battery power supply module, the photovoltaic power supply module and the fuel cell is that the photovoltaic power supply module continuously supplies power on line, the lithium battery power supply module is next to the lithium battery power supply module, the fuel cell is last, namely, the next power supply stage is started when the power supply of the current power supply module can not meet the power supply requirement of the system, and whether the next power supply stage is started or not can be confirmed through the detection of voltage and current. In this embodiment, after the self-test is successful, if the bus voltage is detected to be less than or equal to 23.5V for three seconds, it is determined that the power supply of the lithium battery power supply module and the photovoltaic power supply module cannot meet the power supply requirement of the system, and at this time, the fuel cell needs to be started to supply power.
When the fuel cell is started, step S2 is executed, and the hydrogen supply device and the oxygen supply device are simultaneously started to operate for a first preset time. The first preset time is preset according to the experimental data, and preferably, the first preset time is 15 seconds. When the fuel cell is started, in order to ensure the full reaction of the fuel cell, the hydrogen supply device and the oxygen supply device are started to operate for a first preset time period at the same time, and the residual gas in the galvanic pile is swept. In this embodiment, when the hydrogen supply device and the oxygen supply device are started to operate, the hydrogen inlet valve, the hydrogen exhaust valve and the fan are started to operate.
And after the hydrogen supply device and the oxygen supply device are started simultaneously and operate for a first preset time, executing the step S3, and judging whether the voltage of the power supply output end of the fuel cell is greater than a first preset voltage value. The first preset voltage value is preset according to experimental data, and in this embodiment, the first preset voltage value is 21V. In order to improve the voltage undershoot at the moment of loading of the fuel cell, which causes an under-voltage state and voltage fluctuation, the voltage at the power output end of the fuel cell needs to satisfy the condition that the voltage is greater than a first preset voltage value.
And if the voltage of the power supply output end of the fuel cell is not larger than the first preset voltage value, continuing to execute the step S3 for continuous detection. And when the voltage of the power supply output end of the fuel cell is greater than the first preset voltage value, executing the step S4, and starting the loading state of the fuel cell. When the voltage of the power output end of the fuel cell is larger than the first preset voltage value, the on-load state of the fuel cell is started, and the voltage stability of the fuel cell at the moment of on-load can be guaranteed. In this embodiment, when the fuel cell is turned on in the loaded state, the fuel cell side relay K1 is controlled to conduct the path between the fuel cell and the load power supply terminal 4.
And after the fuel cell is started to be in the loaded state, executing step S5, and judging whether the operation of simultaneously starting the hydrogen supply device and the oxygen supply device reaches a second preset time. In this embodiment, the second preset time is 30 seconds, and the second preset time includes the first preset time. Because the hydrogen supply device and the oxygen supply device are started to operate simultaneously to sweep the interior of the electric pile, the instantaneous voltage undershoot and voltage fluctuation of the fuel cell under load can be obviously improved, and the stable operation is ensured, so that the hydrogen supply device and the oxygen supply device are continuously kept to be started simultaneously for a period of time after the fuel cell is started under the load state.
And if the hydrogen supply device and the oxygen supply device are started simultaneously and the operation does not reach the second preset time, continuing to execute the step S5 for continuous detection. And (5) simultaneously starting the hydrogen supply device and the oxygen supply device to operate for a second preset time, executing the step S6, and controlling the hydrogen exhaust valve to perform pulse type emission at a preset frequency. In the embodiment, the preset frequency is the operation of closing the hydrogen exhaust valve for 5 seconds after the hydrogen exhaust valve is opened for 1 second in a circulating manner. And simultaneously, the hydrogen supply device and the oxygen supply device are started to operate for a second preset time, and in order to reasonably control the inlet and outlet of hydrogen in the fuel cell system and improve the efficiency of the fuel cell, the hydrogen exhaust valve needs to be controlled to carry out pulse type emission at a preset frequency.
After the hydrogen gas exhaust valve is controlled to perform pulse type emission at a preset frequency, step S7 is performed to determine whether the condition for closing the fuel cell is satisfied. In order to avoid long-time operation of the fuel cell and guarantee the service life of the fuel cell, the fuel cell needs to be shut down when the condition for shutting down the fuel cell is met. In the present embodiment, confirming that the condition for shutting down the fuel cell is satisfied includes: and when the condition that the fuel cell is shut down is met when the condition that the power supply system connected with the fuel cell does not need to supply power to the fuel cell is confirmed. When the power supply of the lithium battery power supply module and/or the photovoltaic power supply module in the power supply system can meet the power supply requirement of the load, it is determined that the power supply system connected with the fuel cell does not need the power supply of the fuel cell, for example, if it is detected that the current of the power supply end of the load is less than 2A, that is, the system operates without a heavy load, it is determined that the current of the photovoltaic power supply module continuously lasts for 30s and is greater than 1.5A (indicating that the illumination condition is good) and the bus voltage is greater than 23.8V (the lithium battery power is sufficient), it is determined that the power supply system connected with the fuel cell does not need the power supply of the fuel cell, and the fuel cell can be turned off.
When it is confirmed that the condition for shutting down the fuel cell is not satisfied, the execution continues to step S6, and the input of hydrogen gas is controlled. When it is confirmed that the condition for shutting down the fuel cell is satisfied, step S8 is executed to shut down the fuel cell. When the fuel cell is shut down, the fuel cell-side relay K1 is turned off and the hydrogen supply device and the oxygen supply device are controlled to stop operating.
Further, referring to fig. 3, after the fuel cell is turned on in the loaded state by performing step S4, step S21 is also performed to determine whether the condition requiring fail-safe is satisfied. In order to ensure the operation safety of the fuel cell, the condition of fault protection needs to be set, and the condition of fault protection can be set according to actual needs.
In this embodiment, the determining that the condition requiring fault protection is satisfied includes: when the voltage of the power supply output end is reduced to a second preset voltage and lasts for a third preset duration, confirming that the condition of needing fault protection is met; or when the voltage of the power output end is lower than a third preset voltage, confirming that the condition of needing fault protection is met; and the third preset voltage is smaller than the second preset voltage. The second preset voltage, the third preset voltage and the third preset time are preset according to experimental data, in this embodiment, the second preset voltage is 12V, the third preset voltage is 10V, and the third preset time is 10 seconds. When the voltage of the power output end is reduced to the second preset voltage and lasts for a third preset time, or the voltage of the power output end is lower than the third preset voltage, it indicates that the voltage of the power output end is too low, and a fault may occur inside the fuel cell stack, so that fault protection is required.
In this embodiment, before the step of the voltage at the power output terminal dropping to the second preset voltage and lasting for the third preset time, the method further includes: when the voltage of the power supply output end is reduced to a second preset voltage, the hydrogen exhaust valve is controlled to be normally open for a fourth preset time period, and then pulse type emission is carried out at a preset frequency. The fourth preset time is preset according to the experimental data, and in this embodiment, the fourth preset time is 3 seconds. Because the water generated by the external cathode reaction permeates into the anode and accumulates, the excessive water can prevent the contact of hydrogen and a reaction medium to cause faults after the operation for a period of time, when the voltage of the power output end is reduced to a second preset voltage, firstly, considering that the voltage of the power output end caused by the water flooding of the fuel cell is low, the normally open exhaust valve can relieve the water flooding to improve the voltage at the side of the pile, and if the water flooding can be relieved to ensure that the voltage at the power output end is increased, the protection measure is started if the voltage cannot be increased.
In this embodiment, determining that the condition requiring fault protection is satisfied further includes: and if the detected temperature of the fuel cell stack is greater than the stack temperature protection threshold value, confirming that the condition of needing fault protection is met. The temperature protection threshold of the galvanic pile is preset according to experimental data, and in this embodiment, the temperature protection threshold of the galvanic pile is 75 ℃. If the temperature of the fuel cell stack is higher than the stack temperature protection threshold, the risk of over-high temperature exists, and a fault protection mechanism needs to be entered.
In this embodiment, determining that the condition requiring fault protection is satisfied further includes: if the current of the power supply output end is detected to be larger than a first preset current value, confirming that the condition of needing fault protection is met; or when the load current of a power supply system connected with the fuel cell is larger than a second preset current value, confirming that the condition of needing fault protection is met. The first preset current value and the second preset current value are preset according to experimental data, and in the embodiment, the first preset current value is 10A, and the second preset current value is 20A. When the current of the power output end is larger than the first preset current value, the output current of the power output end is overloaded, and a fault protection mechanism needs to be entered. Meanwhile, when the load current of the power supply system connected with the fuel cell is greater than a second preset current value, the load is considered to be abnormal and overload operation is performed, and therefore a fault protection mechanism needs to be entered.
After confirming that the condition requiring fault protection is satisfied, step S22 is executed to enter a preset fault protection mechanism. In this embodiment, the step of entering the preset fault protection mechanism includes: and after the fuel cell is closed for the fifth preset time, detecting the starting condition of the fuel cell. The fifth preset time period is preset according to the experimental data, and in this embodiment, the fifth preset time period is 20 seconds. After entering a preset fault protection mechanism, in order to determine whether the power supply of the fuel cell is satisfied after the fuel cell is shut down, after a fifth preset time period, the detection of the starting condition of the fuel cell is entered so that the power supply of the fuel cell is restarted.
Therefore, when the fuel cell is started, the hydrogen supply device and the oxygen supply device are started to operate for the first preset time period at the same time, so that residual gas in the galvanic pile is swept, and the full reaction of the fuel cell is ensured. When the voltage of the power supply output end of the fuel cell is larger than a first preset voltage value, the fuel cell is enabled to be started in a loaded state, and the voltage undershoot at the moment of loading of the fuel cell is improved to cause an under-voltage state and voltage fluctuation. Meanwhile, after the fuel cell is started in a loaded state, the hydrogen supply device and the oxygen supply device are continuously started and operate for a second preset time period, and then the hydrogen exhaust valve is controlled to perform pulse type emission at a preset frequency, so that voltage undershoot and voltage fluctuation at the moment of loading of the fuel cell can be obviously improved, and stable operation is guaranteed. Meanwhile, the pulse type discharge of the hydrogen exhaust valve is controlled at a preset frequency, the hydrogen in and out of the fuel cell system is reasonably controlled, and the efficiency of the fuel cell is improved.
Fuel cell examples:
the fuel cell of the present embodiment includes a controller that implements the steps in the above-described hydrogen fuel cell intelligent control method embodiment when the controller executes a computer program.
For example, a computer program may be partitioned into one or more modules, which are stored in a memory and executed by a controller to implement the present invention. One or more of the modules may be a series of computer program instruction segments capable of performing specific functions that describe the execution of the computer program in the fuel cell.
The fuel cell may include, but is not limited to, a controller, a memory. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that a fuel cell may include more or fewer components, or some components may be combined, or different components, e.g., a fuel cell may also include input-output devices, network access devices, buses, etc.
For example, the controller may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), other general purpose controller, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), an off-the-shelf Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other Programmable logic device, discrete Gate or transistor logic device, discrete hardware component, or the like. The general controller may be a microcontroller or the controller may be any conventional controller or the like. The controller is the control center of the fuel cell and connects the various parts of the entire fuel cell with various interfaces and lines.
The memory may be used to store computer programs and/or modules that the controller implements by running or executing and invoking data stored in the memory. For example, the memory may mainly include a storage program area and a storage data area, wherein the storage program area may store an operating system, an application program required for at least one function (e.g., a sound receiving function, a sound-to-text function, etc.), and the like; the storage data area may store data (e.g., audio data, text data, etc.) created according to the use of the cellular phone, etc. In addition, the memory may include high speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk, a memory, a plug-in hard disk, a Smart Media Card (SMC), a Secure Digital (SD) Card, a Flash memory Card (Flash Card), at least one magnetic disk storage device, a Flash memory device, or other volatile solid state storage device.
Computer-readable storage medium embodiments:
the fuel cell integrated module of the above embodiment, if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a separate product, may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, all or part of the flow of the above-mentioned hydrogen fuel cell intelligent control method embodiment can also be implemented by a computer program, which can be stored in a computer readable storage medium and can implement the steps of the above-mentioned hydrogen fuel cell intelligent control method embodiment when being executed by a controller. Wherein the computer program comprises computer program code, which may be in the form of source code, object code, an executable file or some intermediate form, etc. The storage medium may include: any entity or device capable of carrying computer program code, recording medium, U.S. disk, removable hard disk, magnetic disk, optical disk, computer Memory, read-Only Memory (ROM), random Access Memory (RAM), electrical carrier wave signals, telecommunications signals, software distribution media, and the like. It should be noted that the computer-readable medium may contain suitable additions or subtractions depending on the requirements of legislation and patent practice in jurisdictions, for example, in some jurisdictions, computer-readable media may not include electrical carrier signals or telecommunication signals in accordance with legislation and patent practice.
It should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the design concept of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any insubstantial modifications made by using the design concept also fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (15)

1. An intelligent control method for a hydrogen fuel cell is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
when the fuel cell is started, simultaneously starting a hydrogen supply device and an oxygen supply device to operate for a first preset time;
after the hydrogen supply device and the oxygen supply device are simultaneously started to operate for the first preset time, when the voltage of the power output end of the fuel cell is greater than a first preset voltage value, the fuel cell is started to be in a loaded state.
2. The intelligent control method for a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that:
after the step of starting the loaded state of the fuel cell, the method further comprises the following steps:
and simultaneously, the hydrogen supply device and the oxygen supply device are opened to operate for a second preset time, and the hydrogen exhaust valve is controlled to perform pulse type emission at a preset frequency.
3. The intelligent control method for a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that:
before the fuel cell is started, the method further comprises the following steps:
and when the starting condition of the fuel cell is confirmed to be met, starting the fuel cell.
4. The intelligent control method for a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 3, characterized in that:
when the starting condition of the fuel cell is confirmed to be met, the step of starting the fuel cell comprises the following steps:
and confirming that the self-inspection of a power supply system connected with the fuel cell is qualified, and the power supply voltage of the power supply system does not meet the working voltage of the load.
5. The hydrogen fuel cell intelligent control method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that:
after the step of starting the loaded state of the fuel cell, the method further comprises the following steps:
and shutting down the fuel cell when it is confirmed that the condition for shutting down the fuel cell is satisfied.
6. The intelligent control method for a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 5, characterized in that:
confirming that the condition for shutting down the fuel cell is satisfied includes:
and when the condition that the fuel cell is closed is met when the condition that the power supply system connected with the fuel cell does not need to supply power to the fuel cell is confirmed.
7. The intelligent control method for a hydrogen fuel cell according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that:
after the step of starting the loaded state of the fuel cell, the method further comprises the following steps:
and entering a preset fault protection mechanism when the condition that the fault protection is required is confirmed to be met.
8. The intelligent control method for a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 7, characterized in that:
confirming that the condition requiring fault protection is satisfied includes:
when the voltage of the power supply output end is reduced to a second preset voltage and lasts for a third preset time length, determining that the condition of needing fault protection is met; or
When the voltage of the power supply output end is lower than a third preset voltage, confirming that the condition of needing fault protection is met;
wherein the third preset voltage is less than the second preset voltage.
9. The intelligent control method for a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 8, characterized in that:
before the step that the voltage of the power output end is reduced to the second preset voltage and lasts for the third preset time, the method further comprises the following steps:
when the voltage of the power supply output end is reduced to a second preset voltage, the hydrogen exhaust valve is controlled to be normally open for a fourth preset time, and then pulse type emission is carried out at the preset frequency.
10. The intelligent control method for a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 7, characterized in that:
confirming that the condition requiring fault protection is satisfied includes:
and if the detected temperature of the fuel cell stack is greater than the stack temperature protection threshold value, confirming that the condition of needing fault protection is met.
11. The intelligent control method for a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 7, characterized in that:
confirming that the condition requiring fault protection is satisfied includes:
if the current of the power supply output end is detected to be larger than a first preset current value, confirming that the condition of needing fault protection is met; or alternatively
And when the load current of a power supply system connected with the fuel cell is larger than a second preset current value, confirming that the condition of needing fault protection is met.
12. The intelligent control method for a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 7, characterized in that:
the step of entering the preset fault protection mechanism comprises the following steps:
and after the fuel cell is closed for a fifth preset time, detecting the starting-up condition of the fuel cell.
13. A fuel cell comprising a processor and a memory, characterized in that: the memory stores a computer program that, when executed by the processor, implements the steps of the hydrogen fuel cell intelligent control method according to any one of claims 1 to 12.
14. The utility model provides a power supply system, includes lithium battery power supply module, photovoltaic power supply module, fuel cell and load feeder ear, lithium battery power supply module photovoltaic power supply module with fuel cell's power output end all with the load feeder ear electricity is connected, its characterized in that: the fuel cell according to claim 13 is applied to the fuel cell.
15. A computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, characterized in that: the computer program, when executed by a controller, implements the steps of the intelligent control method for a hydrogen fuel cell according to any one of claims 1 to 12.
CN202211242418.4A 2022-10-11 2022-10-11 Intelligent control method for hydrogen fuel cell, power supply system and storage medium Pending CN115395059A (en)

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