CN115389202A - Bidirectional dynamic loading device for rolling bearing and testing method for rolling bearing - Google Patents
Bidirectional dynamic loading device for rolling bearing and testing method for rolling bearing Download PDFInfo
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- CN115389202A CN115389202A CN202211030896.9A CN202211030896A CN115389202A CN 115389202 A CN115389202 A CN 115389202A CN 202211030896 A CN202211030896 A CN 202211030896A CN 115389202 A CN115389202 A CN 115389202A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rolling bearing bidirectional dynamic loading device and a rolling bearing testing method, wherein the rolling bearing bidirectional dynamic loading device comprises: the device comprises a base, a driving piece, a rotating main shaft, a first bearing seat, a second bearing seat, a vibration exciter and a telescopic loading frame; the inner ring of the bearing is connected with the rotating main shaft; the telescopic loading frame is respectively abutted with the outer ring of the bearing on the first bearing seat and the outer ring of the bearing on the second bearing seat along the axial direction of the rotating main shaft so as to load the vibration of the vibration exciter to the bearing. The bearing on the first bearing seat and the bearing on the second bearing seat rotate under the drive of the same rotating main shaft and vibrate under the excitation of the same vibration exciter, and basically the same influence is generated on the two bearings even if random environmental influence factors exist in the experimental process, so that the influence caused by the random environmental influence factors can be counteracted by collecting vibration signals of the two bearings and the vibration signals of the two bearings.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of bearing loading test, in particular to a bidirectional dynamic loading device for a rolling bearing and a test method for the rolling bearing.
Background
In the prior art, a traditional rolling bearing fault diagnosis experiment table applies load to a single rolling bearing, vibration signals of the bearing are collected through a sensor, an existing knowledge base is utilized to analyze fault conditions of the bearing from the collected vibration signals, correct fault analysis can be obtained as long as fault diagnosis conditions in the existing knowledge base are abundant, but the method is excessively dependent on information quantity in the knowledge base, and environmental influence factors randomly generated in an experiment process cannot be eliminated.
Accordingly, the prior art is yet to be improved and developed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that the rolling bearing fault test accuracy is low in the prior art by providing a bidirectional dynamic loading device for a rolling bearing and a rolling bearing test method aiming at overcoming the defects in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows:
a bidirectional dynamic loading device for a rolling bearing, comprising:
a base;
the driving piece is arranged on the base;
the rotating main shaft is connected with an output shaft of the driving piece;
the first bearing seat and the second bearing seat are arranged on the base and used for mounting a bearing; the first bearing seat and the second bearing seat are arranged along the axial direction of the rotating main shaft;
the vibration exciter is arranged on the base;
the telescopic loading frame is connected with an output shaft of the vibration exciter;
wherein the inner ring of the bearing is connected with the rotating spindle;
the telescopic loading frame is respectively abutted with an outer ring of a bearing on the first bearing seat and an outer ring of a bearing on the second bearing seat along the axial direction of the rotating main shaft so as to load the vibration of the vibration exciter to the bearings.
The bidirectional dynamic loading device for the rolling bearing is characterized in that the telescopic loading frame is symmetrically arranged relative to the axis of the output shaft of the vibration exciter;
the telescopic loading frame comprises:
the fixed fulcrum device is arranged on the base;
the first fixing rod and the second fixing rod are arranged on one side of the fixed fulcrum device, which deviates from the rotating main shaft;
the first telescopic rod and the second telescopic rod are arranged on one side, facing the rotating main shaft, of the fixed fulcrum device;
the end part of the first telescopic rod and the end part of the second telescopic rod are both connected with the third telescopic rod, and two ends of the third telescopic rod are respectively abutted against the outer ring of the bearing on the first bearing seat and the outer ring of the bearing on the second bearing seat;
the two ends of the fixed support device are respectively connected with the fixed pivot device and the third telescopic rod;
two ends of the fourth telescopic rod are respectively connected with the first fixed rod and the second fixed rod;
two ends of the sleeve are respectively connected with the fourth telescopic rod and the output shaft of the vibration exciter;
wherein the first fixing rod and the second fixing rod are symmetrically arranged about an axis of an output shaft of the vibration exciter;
the first telescopic rod and the second telescopic rod are symmetrically arranged around the axis of the output shaft of the vibration exciter.
The two-way dynamic loading device of antifriction bearing, wherein, first telescopic link includes:
the end part of the first telescopic part is connected with the fixed fulcrum device;
the second telescopic link includes:
the end part of the second telescopic part is connected with the fixed fulcrum device;
the third telescopic link includes:
the third telescopic part, the third fixing part and the fourth telescopic part are sequentially connected;
the third telescopic part is connected with the end part of the first telescopic part;
the fourth telescopic part is connected with the end part of the second telescopic part;
the end part of the fixing frame is connected with the third fixing part.
The two-way dynamic loading device of antifriction bearing, wherein, the fourth telescopic link includes:
the fifth telescopic part, the fourth fixing part and the sixth telescopic part are sequentially connected;
the end part of the fifth telescopic part is connected with the first fixing rod;
the end part of the sixth telescopic part is connected with the second fixed rod;
the end of the sleeve is connected with the fourth fixing portion.
The bidirectional dynamic loading device for the rolling bearing, wherein the bidirectional dynamic loading device for the rolling bearing further comprises:
and the brake is arranged at one end of the rotating main shaft, which is far away from the driving piece, and is used for stopping the rotation of the rotating main shaft.
The rolling bearing bidirectional dynamic loading device is characterized in that the brake is a magnetic powder brake.
A test method of a rolling bearing is applied to the bidirectional dynamic loading device of the rolling bearing, and comprises the following steps:
respectively installing a target bearing and a bearing to be tested on a first bearing seat and a second bearing seat;
starting a driving piece to drive a rotating main shaft to rotate and drive the inner ring of the target bearing and the inner ring of the bearing to be tested to rotate;
controlling a vibration exciter to generate vibration, and loading the vibration to an outer ring of the target bearing and an outer ring of the bearing to be tested through a telescopic loading frame;
acquiring a vibration signal of the target bearing and a vibration signal of the bearing to be detected;
and obtaining a test result of the bearing to be tested according to the vibration signal of the target bearing and the vibration signal of the bearing to be tested.
The test method of the rolling bearing comprises the steps that the vibration signal is a vibration signal based on a time domain; the test results include: a failed bearing;
the obtaining of the test result of the bearing to be tested according to the vibration signal of the target bearing and the vibration signal of the bearing to be tested comprises:
carrying out Fourier transform on the vibration signal of the target bearing to obtain a vibration signal of the target bearing based on a frequency domain, and carrying out Fourier transform on the vibration signal of the bearing to be detected to obtain a vibration signal of the bearing to be detected based on the frequency domain;
and under the same frequency, comparing the target amplitude of the vibration signal based on the frequency domain of the target bearing with the amplitude to be detected of the vibration signal based on the frequency domain of the bearing to be detected, and when the difference between the target amplitude and the amplitude to be detected is greater than a preset threshold value, determining that the bearing to be detected is a fault bearing.
The rolling bearing testing method comprises the following steps:
rotating the outer ring of the bearing to be tested, continuously controlling a vibration exciter to generate vibration, and loading the vibration to the outer ring of the target bearing and the outer ring of the bearing to be tested through a telescopic loading frame until the outer ring of the bearing to be tested rotates for one circle;
determining the maximum value of the difference between the target amplitude and the amplitude to be measured;
and determining the fault position of the fault bearing according to the maximum value.
The test method of the rolling bearing comprises the following steps:
and determining the fault reason of the fault bearing according to the frequency corresponding to the amplitude to be detected when the difference between the target amplitude and the amplitude to be detected is greater than a preset threshold value.
Has the advantages that: the bearing on the first bearing seat and the bearing on the second bearing seat rotate under the drive of the same rotating main shaft and vibrate under the excitation of the same vibration exciter, and basically the same influence is generated on the two bearings even if random environmental influence factors exist in the experimental process, so that the influence caused by the random environmental influence factors can be counteracted by collecting vibration signals of the two bearings and the vibration signals of the two bearings.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a first perspective view of a bidirectional dynamic loading device for a rolling bearing according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a second perspective view of the bidirectional dynamic loading device for the rolling bearing of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a first perspective view of the telescopic loading frame of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a second perspective view of the telescopic loading frame of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a flowchart of a test method of the rolling bearing of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a graph of a vibration signal of a target bearing based on the time domain in the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a graph of vibration signals of a bearing to be tested based on a time domain.
FIG. 8 is a graph of a frequency domain based vibration signal for a target bearing in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a frequency domain-based map of vibration signals of a bearing to be tested according to the present invention.
Description of the reference numerals:
10. a base; 11. a platform base; 12. an excitation seat; 20. a drive member; 30. rotating the main shaft; 31. a first shoulder; 32. a second shoulder; 41. a first bearing housing; 42. a second bearing housing; 50. a vibration exciter; 60. a telescopic loading frame; 61. a fixed fulcrum device; 62. a first fixing lever; 63. a second fixing bar; 64. a first telescopic rod; 641. a first fixed part; 642. a first telescopic part; 65. a second telescopic rod; 651. a second fixed part; 652. a second telescopic part; 66. a third telescopic rod; 661. a third telescopic part; 662. a third fixed part; 663. a fourth telescoping section; 67. a fixed mount; 671. a column; 672. a connecting rod; 68. a fourth telescopic rod; 681. a fifth telescopic part; 682. a fourth fixing part; 683. a sixth expansion part; 69. a sleeve; 70. and a brake.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Referring to fig. 1-4, the present invention provides embodiments of a bidirectional dynamic loading device for a rolling bearing.
As shown in fig. 1 to 2, the bidirectional dynamic loading device for a rolling bearing of the present invention includes:
a base 10;
a driving member 20 disposed on the base 10;
a rotary main shaft 30 connected to an output shaft of the driver 20;
a first bearing seat 41 and a second bearing seat 42, both disposed on the base 10 and used for mounting a bearing; the first bearing housing 41 and the second bearing housing 42 are provided along the axial direction of the rotating main shaft 30;
a vibration exciter 50 disposed on the base 10;
the telescopic loading frame 60 is connected with an output shaft of the vibration exciter 50;
wherein the inner ring of the bearing is connected with the rotating main shaft 30;
the telescopic loading frame 60 abuts against an outer ring of a bearing on the first bearing seat 41 and an outer ring of a bearing on the second bearing seat 42 along the axial direction of the rotating main shaft 30, so that the vibration of the vibration exciter 50 is applied to the bearings.
It should be noted that the base 10 refers to a device for bearing other structures, the base 10 includes a platform base 11 and an excitation base 12, the driving component 20 refers to a device for driving the rotating spindle 30 to rotate, specifically, the rotating spindle 30 is driven to rotate with an axis as a rotation center, the driving component 20 is specifically disposed on the platform base 11, the rotating spindle 30 refers to a rotating shaft-shaped device, the bearing base refers to a device for mounting a bearing, the bearing may be a rolling bearing, the excitation generator 50 refers to a device for generating an excitation force, specifically, the bearing is excited, so that the bearing obtains a vibration amount of a certain form and magnitude, and is specifically disposed on the excitation base 12, and the telescopic loading frame 60 refers to a device for conducting the excitation force of the excitation generator 50.
In the invention, the bearing on the first bearing seat 41 and the bearing on the second bearing seat 42 rotate under the drive of the same rotating main shaft 30 and vibrate under the excitation of the same vibration exciter 50, even if random environmental influence factors exist in the experimental process, basically the same influence is generated on the two bearings, so that the influence caused by the random environmental influence factors can be counteracted by collecting vibration signals of the two bearings and the vibration signals of the two bearings.
When a bearing is specifically tested, a target bearing and a bearing to be tested can be respectively mounted on the first bearing seat 41 and the second bearing seat 42, the target bearing is a bearing with normal performance and no fault, vibration is loaded by driving the target bearing and the bearing to be tested to rotate, and a test result of the bearing to be tested can be obtained by acquiring a vibration signal of the target bearing and a vibration signal of the bearing to be tested according to the vibration signal of the target bearing and the vibration signal of the bearing to be tested.
In a preferred implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2 to 4, the telescopic loading frame 60 is symmetrically disposed about an axis of an output shaft of the exciter 50;
the telescopic loading frame 60 includes:
a fixed fulcrum device 61 provided to the base 10;
a first fixing rod 62 and a second fixing rod 63, which are arranged on one side of the fixing fulcrum device 61 away from the rotating main shaft 30;
a first telescopic rod 64 and a second telescopic rod 65, which are arranged on one side of the fixed fulcrum device 61 facing the rotating main shaft 30;
the end of the first telescopic rod 64 and the end of the second telescopic rod 65 are both connected to the third telescopic rod 66, and both ends of the third telescopic rod 66 are respectively abutted to the outer ring of the bearing on the first bearing seat 41 and the outer ring of the bearing on the second bearing seat 42;
a fixed frame 67, two ends of which are respectively connected with the fixed pivot device 61 and the third telescopic rod 66;
a fourth telescopic rod 68, both ends of which are respectively connected with the first fixing rod 62 and the second fixing rod 63;
two ends of the sleeve 69 are connected with the fourth telescopic rod 68 and the output shaft of the vibration exciter 50 respectively;
wherein the first fixing bar 62 and the second fixing bar 63 are symmetrically disposed about an axis of an output shaft of the exciter 50;
the first telescopic rod 64 and the second telescopic rod 65 are symmetrically arranged about the axis of the output shaft of the vibration exciter 50.
Specifically, the fixing rod is a rod-shaped device fixedly arranged, and the telescopic rod is a rod-shaped device which is telescopic along the direction of the axis. The direction of the axis of the rotary main shaft 30 is defined as x-axis, and the direction perpendicular to the axis of the rotary main shaft 30 in the horizontal plane is defined as y-axis. The third telescopic rod 66 and the fourth telescopic rod 68 are parallel to the x axis, the axis of the sleeve 69 is parallel to the y axis, the axis of the sleeve 69 coincides with the axis of the output shaft of the vibration exciter 50, the fixed fulcrum device 61 is located on the axis of the output shaft of the vibration exciter 50, since the telescopic loading frame 60 is symmetrically arranged about the axis of the output shaft of the vibration exciter 50 and the position of the fixed fulcrum device 61 is unchanged, the vibration of the y axis output by the output shaft of the vibration exciter 50 is transmitted to the fourth telescopic rod 68, and is transmitted to the first telescopic rod 64 and the second telescopic rod 65 through the first fixed rod 62 and the second fixed rod 63, and the vibration of the third telescopic rod 66 in the ± x axis direction is transmitted, and is finally transmitted to the two bearings.
Specifically, in order to facilitate the transmission of vibration, the axis of the first fixing rod 62 and the axis of the second telescopic rod 65 coincide, and the axis of the second fixing rod 63 and the axis of the first telescopic rod 64 coincide. Further, the lengths of the first fixing rod 62 and the first telescopic rod 64 (of course, the lengths of the second fixing rod 63 and the second telescopic rod 65) can be adjusted by using the lever principle.
In a preferred implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3 to 4, the fixing frame 67 includes:
the stand 671 and the connecting rod 672 are connected with each other, the stand 671 is arranged on the third telescopic rod 66, and two ends of the connecting rod 672 are respectively connected with the stand 671 and the fixed fulcrum device 61.
Specifically, the axis of the post 671 is perpendicular to the x-axis and the y-axis, and the axis of the link 672 is parallel to the y-axis. That is, the holder 67 is also arranged symmetrically with respect to the axis of the output shaft of the exciter 50. The fixing frame 67 can ensure that the position of the third telescopic rod 66 on the y axis is unchanged.
In a preferred implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2 to 4, the first telescopic rod 64 includes:
a first fixing portion 641 and a first telescopic portion 642 connected to each other, wherein an end of the first fixing portion 641 is connected to the fixed fulcrum device 61;
the second telescopic bar 65 comprises:
a second fixing portion 651 and a second expansion portion 652 connected to each other, an end portion of the second fixing portion 651 being connected to the fixed fulcrum device 61;
the third telescopic rod 66 comprises:
a third extending portion 661, a third fixing portion 662, and a fourth extending portion 663 connected in this order;
wherein the third stretching part 661 is connected with an end of the first stretching part 642;
the fourth expansion portion 663 is connected to an end of the second expansion portion 652;
an end of the fixing frame 67 is connected to the third fixing portion 662.
Specifically, in order to facilitate the transmission of the vibration, the end of the first fixing portion 641 of the first telescopic rod 64 is connected to the fixed fulcrum device 61, and the end of the second fixing portion 651 of the second telescopic rod 65 is connected to the fixed fulcrum device 61.
In a preferred implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2 to 4, the fourth telescopic rod 68 comprises:
a fifth stretching part 681, a fourth fixing part 682, and a sixth stretching part 683 connected in this order;
wherein, the end of the fifth stretching part 681 is connected with the first fixing rod 62;
the end of the sixth expansion part 683 is connected with the second fixing rod 63;
an end of the sleeve 69 is connected to the fourth fixing portion 682.
Specifically, in order to facilitate the vibration transmission of the vibration exciter 50, the end of the sleeve 69 is connected to the fourth fixing portion 682, when the vibration exciter 50 is activated, the fourth fixing portion 682 moves, the lengths of the fifth telescopic portion 681 and the sixth telescopic portion 683 change, the included angle between the first fixing rod 62 and the fifth telescopic portion 681 changes, the included angle between the second fixing rod 63 and the sixth telescopic portion 683 changes, the included angle between the first fixing rod 62 and the second fixing rod 63 changes, the included angle between the first telescopic rod 64 and the second telescopic rod 65 changes accordingly, the lengths of the first telescopic rod 64 and the second telescopic rod 65 also change, the included angle between the first telescopic portion 642 and the third telescopic portion 661 changes, and the included angle between the second telescopic portion 652 and the fourth telescopic portion 663 changes, so that the third telescopic portion 663 and the fourth telescopic portion 663 move along the + x-axis direction and the-x-axis direction, respectively.
In a preferred implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 to fig. 2, the bidirectional dynamic loading device for a rolling bearing further includes:
and a brake 70 disposed at an end of the rotating main shaft 30 facing away from the driving member 20 and configured to stop rotation of the rotating main shaft 30.
In particular, in order to terminate the rotation of the rotary spindle 30, a brake 70 is provided at an end of the rotary spindle 30 facing away from the driver 20, which can rapidly terminate the rotation of the rotary spindle 30.
In a preferred implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1-2, the brake 70 is a magnetic particle brake. Specifically, a magnetic particle brake may be employed as needed.
In a preferred implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1-2, the rotating main shaft 30 is provided with a first shoulder 31 and a second shoulder 32, the first bearing seat 41 and the second bearing seat 42 are both located between the first shoulder 31 and the second shoulder 32, the bearing of the first bearing seat 41 is mounted on the first shoulder 31, and the bearing of the second bearing seat 42 is mounted on the second shoulder 32.
When the bearing is mounted, the inner ring of the bearing may be mounted, or the outer ring of the bearing may be mounted.
In a preferred implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, a first vibration sensor and a second vibration sensor are respectively disposed on the first bearing seat 41 and the second bearing seat 42, the first vibration sensor detects a vibration signal of a bearing on the first bearing seat 41, and the second vibration sensor detects a vibration signal of a bearing on the second bearing seat 42.
The invention also provides a better embodiment of the test method of the rolling bearing, which comprises the following steps:
as shown in fig. 5, the method for testing a rolling bearing according to the embodiment of the present invention includes the steps of:
and S100, respectively installing the target bearing and the bearing to be tested on a first bearing seat and a second bearing seat.
Specifically, the target bearing is a normal fault-free bearing, the bearing to be tested is a bearing to be tested, the target bearing is mounted on the first bearing seat, an inner ring or an outer ring of the target bearing is connected to the rotating main shaft, specifically, the target bearing can be mounted on the first shaft shoulder, the bearing to be tested is mounted on the second bearing seat, and the inner ring or the outer ring of the bearing to be tested is connected to the rotating main shaft, specifically, the bearing to be tested can be mounted on the second shaft shoulder. When the target bearing connects the inner ring to the rotating main shaft, the bearing to be measured also connects the inner ring to the rotating main shaft. The following description will be given taking as an example a case where the rotating main shaft connects the inner ring of the target bearing and the inner ring of the bearing to be measured.
And S200, starting a driving piece to drive the rotating main shaft to rotate and drive the inner ring of the target bearing and the inner ring of the bearing to be tested to rotate.
Specifically, the driving part is started to drive the rotating main shaft to rotate and drive the inner ring of the target bearing and the inner ring of the bearing to be tested to rotate, and the outer ring of the target bearing and the outer ring of the bearing to be tested do not rotate.
And S300, controlling a vibration exciter to generate vibration, and loading the vibration to an outer ring of the target bearing and an outer ring of the bearing to be tested through a telescopic loading frame.
Specifically, a vibration exciter is started, and vibration is applied to an outer ring of the target bearing and an outer ring of the bearing to be tested through the telescopic loading frame, specifically, vibration is applied in the axial direction of the bearing.
And S400, acquiring a vibration signal of the target bearing and a vibration signal of the bearing to be detected.
Specifically, under the condition that the inner ring of the target bearing and the inner ring of the bearing to be tested rotate and the outer ring of the target bearing and the outer ring of the bearing to be tested are subjected to vibration loading, a vibration signal of the outer ring of the target bearing and a vibration signal of the outer ring of the bearing to be tested are obtained. Specifically, the vibration sensor can be used for acquiring a vibration signal of the outer ring of the target bearing and a vibration signal of the outer ring of the bearing to be tested.
It can be understood that, when the vibration signal of the target bearing and the vibration signal of the bearing to be measured are obtained, the vibration signals are collected based on the corresponding positions of the target bearing and the bearing to be measured, the position on the bearing to be measured where the vibration signal is collected may be one or multiple, and the average value of the vibration signals collected at multiple positions is used as the vibration signal of the bearing to be measured.
And S500, obtaining a test result of the bearing to be tested according to the vibration signal of the target bearing and the vibration signal of the bearing to be tested.
Specifically, if the vibration signal of the target bearing is consistent with or has a small difference with the vibration signal of the bearing to be tested, it is indicated that the bearing to be tested is the same as the target bearing and belongs to a normal bearing without a fault. If the difference between the vibration signal of the target bearing and the vibration signal of the bearing to be detected is larger, the bearing to be detected is different from the target bearing, and the bearing to be detected is a fault bearing.
The vibration signal is a vibration signal based on a time domain; the test results include: the step S500 of the faulty bearing specifically includes:
step S510, carrying out Fourier transform on the vibration signal of the target bearing to obtain a vibration signal of the target bearing based on a frequency domain, and carrying out Fourier transform on the vibration signal of the bearing to be detected to obtain a vibration signal of the bearing to be detected based on the frequency domain.
Step S520, under the same frequency, comparing the target amplitude of the vibration signal based on the frequency domain of the target bearing with the amplitude to be detected of the vibration signal based on the frequency domain of the bearing to be detected, and when the difference between the target amplitude and the amplitude to be detected is larger than a preset threshold value, the bearing to be detected is a fault bearing.
Specifically, the acquired vibration signal of the target bearing and the vibration signal of the bearing to be detected belong to vibration signals based on a time domain, and the vibration signals based on the time domain are subjected to Fourier transform to obtain vibration signals based on a frequency domain. And comparing the target amplitude and the amplitude to be measured of the vibration signals based on the frequency domain under the same frequency, wherein if the difference value is greater than a preset threshold value, the bearing to be measured is a fault bearing, and if the difference value is less than or equal to the preset threshold value, the bearing to be measured is a non-fault bearing. The preset threshold value may be set as desired.
And S600, rotating the outer ring of the bearing to be tested, continuously controlling the vibration exciter to vibrate, and loading vibration to the outer ring of the target bearing and the outer ring of the bearing to be tested through the telescopic loading frame until the outer ring of the bearing to be tested rotates for one circle.
Step S700, determining the maximum value of the difference between the target amplitude and the amplitude to be measured.
And S800, determining the fault position of the fault bearing according to the maximum value.
Specifically, the vibration signal acquisition position of bearing that awaits measuring has one or more, because the acquisition position is different, the vibration signal who gathers is also different, in order to ensure the accuracy that detects, need rotate the outer lane of bearing that awaits measuring, changes the acquisition position, gathers the vibration signal of different positions, and compares, not only can detect the bearing that awaits measuring comprehensively, can also confirm the fault location of trouble bearing through the maximum value of difference. The fault location includes: inner ring failure, outer ring failure, rolling element failure, and the like. It is of course also possible that the location of the fault is specific to the specific location of the inner or outer ring.
And S900, determining the fault reason of the fault bearing according to the frequency corresponding to the amplitude to be detected when the difference between the target amplitude and the amplitude to be detected is larger than a preset threshold value.
Specifically, the failure cause of the failed bearing is determined by analyzing the frequency at which the difference is greater than the preset threshold. The failure causes include: cracks, size mismatch, wear, etc.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiment
The rotation speed of the driving part is 1797 r/min (clockwise rotation), 4827 model vibration exciter can be selected as the vibration exciter, the rated thrust is up to 650N, the peak displacement is up to 50.8 mm, the generated exciting wave is suitable for pulse, sine and random signals, and the frequency range is 2-5000HZ.
The acquired vibration signals can be vibration signals based on time domains as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the vibration signal based on the time domain of the target bearing is shown in fig. 6, the vibration signal based on the time domain of the bearing to be detected is shown in fig. 7, the vibration signal based on the frequency domain is obtained after fourier transform, the vibration signal based on the frequency domain of the target bearing is shown in fig. 8, the vibration signal based on the frequency domain of the bearing to be detected is shown in fig. 9, if the amplitudes of fig. 8 and 9 are consistent, the bearing to be detected is normal and has no fault, and if the amplitudes of the bearing to be detected and the normal bearing are different, the bearing to be detected has fault. As can be seen from fig. 8 and 9, if there is a vibration amplitude in fig. 9 at frequencies of about 550HZ and 700HZ, which is not present in fig. 8, the bearing to be tested fails.
It will be understood that the invention is not limited to the examples described above, but that modifications and variations will occur to those skilled in the art in light of the above teachings, and that all such modifications and variations are considered to be within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A bidirectional dynamic loading device for a rolling bearing is characterized by comprising:
a base;
the driving piece is arranged on the base;
the rotating main shaft is connected with an output shaft of the driving piece;
the first bearing seat and the second bearing seat are arranged on the base and used for mounting a bearing; the first bearing seat and the second bearing seat are arranged along the axial direction of the rotating main shaft;
the vibration exciter is arranged on the base;
the telescopic loading frame is connected with an output shaft of the vibration exciter;
wherein the inner ring of the bearing is connected with the rotating main shaft;
the telescopic loading frame is respectively abutted with an outer ring of a bearing on the first bearing seat and an outer ring of a bearing on the second bearing seat along the axial direction of the rotating main shaft so as to load the vibration of the vibration exciter to the bearings.
2. The bidirectional dynamic loading device for the rolling bearing according to claim 1, wherein the telescopic loading frame is symmetrically arranged about an axis of an output shaft of the vibration exciter;
the telescopic loading frame comprises:
the fixed fulcrum device is arranged on the base;
the first fixing rod and the second fixing rod are arranged on one side of the fixed fulcrum device, which is far away from the rotating main shaft;
the first telescopic rod and the second telescopic rod are arranged on one side, facing the rotating main shaft, of the fixed fulcrum device;
the end part of the first telescopic rod and the end part of the second telescopic rod are both connected with the third telescopic rod, and two ends of the third telescopic rod are respectively abutted against the outer ring of the bearing on the first bearing seat and the outer ring of the bearing on the second bearing seat;
the two ends of the fixed support device are respectively connected with the fixed pivot device and the third telescopic rod;
two ends of the fourth telescopic rod are respectively connected with the first fixed rod and the second fixed rod;
two ends of the sleeve are respectively connected with the fourth telescopic rod and the output shaft of the vibration exciter;
wherein the first fixing rod and the second fixing rod are symmetrically arranged about an axis of an output shaft of the vibration exciter;
the first telescopic rod and the second telescopic rod are symmetrically arranged around the axis of the output shaft of the vibration exciter.
3. The bi-directional dynamic loading device of rolling bearings of claim 2, wherein the first telescoping rod comprises:
the first telescopic part and the first fixing part are connected with each other, and the end part of the first fixing part is connected with the fixed fulcrum device;
the second telescopic link includes:
the end part of the second fixing part is connected with the fixed fulcrum device;
the third telescopic link includes:
the third telescopic part, the third fixing part and the fourth telescopic part are sequentially connected;
the third telescopic part is connected with the end part of the first telescopic part;
the fourth telescopic part is connected with the end part of the second telescopic part;
the end part of the fixing frame is connected with the third fixing part.
4. The bi-directional dynamic loading device of rolling bearings of claim 2, wherein the fourth telescoping rod comprises:
the fifth telescopic part, the fourth fixing part and the sixth telescopic part are sequentially connected;
the end part of the fifth telescopic part is connected with the first fixing rod;
the end part of the sixth telescopic part is connected with the second fixed rod;
the end of the sleeve is connected with the fourth fixing portion.
5. The bidirectional dynamic loading device of rolling bearing of claim 1, further comprising:
and the brake is arranged at one end of the rotating main shaft, which is far away from the driving piece, and is used for stopping the rotation of the rotating main shaft.
6. The bidirectional dynamic loading device of rolling bearing of claim 5,
the brake is a magnetic powder brake.
7. A test method of a rolling bearing, which is applied to the bidirectional dynamic loading device of a rolling bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 6, the test method comprising the steps of:
respectively installing a target bearing and a bearing to be tested on a first bearing seat and a second bearing seat;
starting a driving piece to drive a rotating main shaft to rotate and drive the inner ring of the target bearing and the inner ring of the bearing to be tested to rotate;
controlling a vibration exciter to vibrate, and loading vibration to an outer ring of the target bearing and an outer ring of the bearing to be tested through a telescopic loading frame;
acquiring a vibration signal of the target bearing and a vibration signal of the bearing to be detected;
and obtaining a test result of the bearing to be tested according to the vibration signal of the target bearing and the vibration signal of the bearing to be tested.
8. The method for testing a rolling bearing according to claim 7, wherein the vibration signal is a vibration signal based on a time domain; the test results include: a failed bearing;
the obtaining of the test result of the bearing to be tested according to the vibration signal of the target bearing and the vibration signal of the bearing to be tested comprises:
carrying out Fourier transform on the vibration signal of the target bearing to obtain a vibration signal of the target bearing based on a frequency domain, and carrying out Fourier transform on the vibration signal of the bearing to be detected to obtain a vibration signal of the bearing to be detected based on the frequency domain;
and under the same frequency, comparing the target amplitude of the vibration signal based on the frequency domain of the target bearing with the amplitude to be detected of the vibration signal based on the frequency domain of the bearing to be detected, and when the difference between the target amplitude and the amplitude to be detected is greater than a preset threshold value, determining that the bearing to be detected is a fault bearing.
9. The testing method of a rolling bearing according to claim 8, characterized by further comprising:
rotating the outer ring of the bearing to be tested, continuously controlling a vibration exciter to generate vibration, and loading the vibration to the outer ring of the target bearing and the outer ring of the bearing to be tested through a telescopic loading frame until the outer ring of the bearing to be tested rotates for one circle;
determining the maximum value of the difference between the target amplitude and the amplitude to be measured;
and determining the fault position of the fault bearing according to the maximum value.
10. The testing method of a rolling bearing according to claim 9, characterized by further comprising:
and determining the fault reason of the fault bearing according to the frequency corresponding to the amplitude to be detected when the difference between the target amplitude and the amplitude to be detected is greater than a preset threshold value.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211030896.9A CN115389202A (en) | 2022-08-25 | 2022-08-25 | Bidirectional dynamic loading device for rolling bearing and testing method for rolling bearing |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211030896.9A CN115389202A (en) | 2022-08-25 | 2022-08-25 | Bidirectional dynamic loading device for rolling bearing and testing method for rolling bearing |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN115389202A true CN115389202A (en) | 2022-11-25 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211030896.9A Pending CN115389202A (en) | 2022-08-25 | 2022-08-25 | Bidirectional dynamic loading device for rolling bearing and testing method for rolling bearing |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN115389202A (en) |
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- 2022-08-25 CN CN202211030896.9A patent/CN115389202A/en active Pending
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