CN104880303A - Comprehensive judging method for fault of space movable part shafting - Google Patents
Comprehensive judging method for fault of space movable part shafting Download PDFInfo
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- CN104880303A CN104880303A CN201510219989.XA CN201510219989A CN104880303A CN 104880303 A CN104880303 A CN 104880303A CN 201510219989 A CN201510219989 A CN 201510219989A CN 104880303 A CN104880303 A CN 104880303A
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Abstract
A comprehensive judging method for faults of a space movable part shafting is provided. Through employment of three modes including current, friction torque and micro vibration, the state of a space movable part shafting is comprehensively evaluated, and a shafting fault locating is achieved without dismounting of the shafting. In particular, through analysis of the fault characteristic frequency of bearing components and the inherent frequency shift of the shafting, a person can know change reasons of the frequency spectrum so as to diagnose and locate faults of the space movable part shafting. On one hand, the person can identify a faulty shafting in time and take effective remedy measures, thereby preventing the shafting from being scrapped unnecessarily. On the other hand, the person accurately locates the faults, and provides more scientific, accurate and effective improvement measures to improve the reliability of the shafting.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the comprehensive evaluation method of a kind of space operation parts axle system fault, belong to fault diagnosis technology field.
Background technology
The space operation parts being representative with flywheel, control-moment gyro are widely used in stablizing in various spacecraft or adjusting spacecraft attitude.Axle system, as one of the core component of space operation parts, provides firm pivoting support, the feature such as have that running accuracy is high, accuracy class is high, stability is high and the life-span is long.Axle system, once break down, will have a strong impact on space operation parts and realize major function, and even cause spacecraft to scrap.In addition, because space operation parts need to carry out a series of mechanical test and space environment test examination before payment general assembly, and axle system is once break down, and not only every test needs are reformed, and payment spacecraft can be incured loss through delay, spacecraft even can be caused to delay to launch.To directly affect economic benefit and social benefit.
At present, both at home and abroad to the identification of space operation parts axle system fault, usually by the electric current of monitoring motor, analyze its variation tendency, and combine the mode of artificial impression vibration or noise, rule of thumb whether comprehensive analysis and judgement axle system breaks down, and by the final localizing faults of axle system dissection and analysis.This recognition methods can realize on-line monitoring analysis when ground experiment, comparatively simply, directly, but there is following shortcoming:
(1) spatial axes architecture adopts pair of horns contact ball bearing, oil supply system and load sleeve to form usually.For this system, cause curent change comparatively complicated, be the result of many factors combined action sometimes, existing current methods only can identify fault, shaft failure cause cannot carry out scientific and rational diagnosis.When ground experiment, axle system, once break down, can only shaft disassemble, and by testing to each parts, testing and analysis, just can find failure cause; Axle system, once disassemble, just means that parts thereof is scrapped, and every detection in early stage and test are by irrevocably lost.
(2) low-response of some fault of electric current shaft, susceptibility are low, peel off especially, the locality such as impression or crackle damages the more difficult monitoring of stage in the early stage out, only have and to a certain degree just reflect by electric current when fault builds up to for working surface.If load in space operation parts by the axle system that there is this type of initial failure, even pay general assembly and finally launch, break down afterwards in orbit, will have a strong impact on space operation parts and realize major function, and even cause spacecraft to scrap, consequence is difficult to estimate.
Therefore, effective method is adopted to carry out judge to space operation parts axle system fault just abnormal important.
Summary of the invention
The technical matters that the present invention solves is: overcome prior art deficiency, provide the comprehensive evaluation method of a kind of space operation parts axle system fault, namely adopt electric current, moment of friction and micro-vibration three kinds of modes, Comprehensive Evaluation space operation parts axle system fault.The method particularly can realize not dismantling the localization of fault under axle system.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves is: the comprehensive evaluation method of a kind of space operation parts axle system fault, comprises running-in detection-phase, electric current judges the stage, moment of friction judges the stage, micro-vibration judges the stage and the localization of fault stage;
Described running-in detection-phase is as follows:
(1) carry out first stage and subordinate phase running-in in a vacuum successively to axle system to be measured, drive axle system to be measured to operate by motor, running-in speed setting is 3000r/min; The running-in of axle system is divided into two stages, and first stage running-in is 24 hours, and subordinate phase running-in is no less than 96 hours;
(2) in subordinate phase axle system runing condensation procedure, the electric current of motor is continued to monitor;
(3) to completing the axle system to be measured after (subordinate phase) running-in, the starting friction moment M of axle system to be measured is detected
swith low speed friction moment M
d;
(4) to completing the axle system to be measured after (subordinate phase) running-in, detect under axle to be measured ties up to setting speed, micro-vibration time-domain signal during speed stabilizing running and frequency-region signal;
Described electric current judges that stage etch is as follows:
(5) step (2) is found to continue to monitor electric current average I and the current ripple level △ I of motor, as current of electric average I > I
a, or fluctuation of motor current value △ I > △ I
a, can judge that axle system to be measured exists fault, described I
afor the permissible value of the current of electric average of setting, △ I
afor the fluctuation of motor current permissible value of setting.Described current of electric average is defined as the current of electric sum of each monitoring time point in monitoring time section and the ratio of total monitoring point number.Described fluctuation of motor current permissible value is defined as the difference of current of electric maxima and minima in monitoring time section.
Described moment of friction judges that stage etch is as follows:
(6) the starting friction moment M of the axle system to be measured finding step (3) to detect
swith starting friction torque fluctuations value △ M
s, when M appears in starting friction moment
s_min> M
maxor M
s_max< M
min, or starting friction torque fluctuations value △ M
s> △ M
atime, judge that axle system to be measured exists fault, described M
maxfor the starting friction moment maximum permissible value of setting, M
minfor the minimum permissible value of starting friction moment of setting, described △ M
afor the starting friction torque fluctuations permissible value of setting, described starting friction torque fluctuations value is defined as the difference of starting friction moment maxima and minima;
(7) the low speed friction torque fluctuations value △ M of the axle system to be measured finding step (3) to detect
d, as low speed friction torque fluctuations value △ M
dduring > △ M, can judge that axle system exists fault, described △ M is the low speed friction torque fluctuations permissible value of setting, and described low speed friction torque fluctuations value is defined as the difference of low speed friction moment maxima and minima;
Described micro-vibration judges that stage etch is as follows:
(8) find step (4) under setting speed speed stabilizing running time micro-vibration time-domain signal time domain root-mean-square value X
rMSwith time domain peak undulating quantity △ X
p.Described time domain peak undulating quantity is defined as the difference of time domain peak maxima and minima;
(9) if the peak value that bearing fault characteristics frequency is corresponding appears in the micro-vibration frequency-region signal of step (4) under setting speed during speed stabilizing running, or occur that natural frequency offsets, the simultaneously root-mean-square value X of time-domain signal that obtains of step (8)
rMS> X
a, or time domain peak undulating quantity △ X
p> △ X, can judge that axle system exists fault.Described X
afor the time domain root-mean-square value permissible value of setting, △ X is the time domain peak fluctuation permissible value of setting.
Described localization of fault stage etch is as follows:
(10) when step (5), step (6), step (7) judge that axle system to be measured exists fault simultaneously, but when step (9) cannot judge that axle system to be measured exists fault, axle system to be measured can be located and there is lubrication amount abnormal failure;
(11) when step (9) judges that axle system to be measured exists fault, the bearing fault that axle system to be measured exists can be located according to the fault mode occurred corresponding to bearing fault characteristics frequency, or load abnormal failure according to occurring that natural frequency offset orientation axle system to be measured exists.
Described step (1) axle system to be measured carries out that first stage running-in speed setting is 3000r/min, running-in is 24 hours, and subordinate phase running-in speed setting is 3000r/min, and running-in is no less than 96 hours.
Described step (3) low speed is 5r/min ~ 50r/min.
The rotating speed that described step (4) sets is 300r/min.
The permissible value I of the motor current spikes average that described step (5) sets
afor 250mA, the fluctuation of motor current value △ I of setting
afor 10mA.
The starting friction moment maximal value M that described step (6) sets
maxbe 60 × 10
-4nm, the starting friction minimum torque M of setting
minbe 20 × 10
-4nm, the starting friction torque fluctuations permissible value △ M of setting
abe 10 × 10
-4nm.
The low speed friction torque fluctuations permissible value △ M that described step (7) sets is 10 × 10
-4nm.
The time domain root mean square permissible value X that described step (9) sets
afor 0.10g, time domain peak fluctuation permissible value △ X is 0.05g.
The present invention's advantage is compared with prior art:
(1) the present invention's method Comprehensive Evaluation space operation parts axle system fault of adopting electric current, moment of friction and micro-vibration to combine, solve the application limitation of single method, avoid because fault misjudgement, the fault axle system caused that fails to judge enter follow-up link, cause the loss being difficult to retrieve.
(2) the present invention is by step (6) and step (7), compensate for the de-fault of carrying of electric current shaft insensitive, and micro-vibration is to the defect problem of lubricants capacity these two fault diagnosises insensitive, avoids fault and fails to judge.
(3) the present invention is by step (9), solves electric current, moment of friction cannot the bottleneck problem of this fault diagnosis of localizing faults, improves reliability and the accuracy of fault diagnosis.
(4) method involved in the present invention is equally applicable to fault diagnosis and the identification of space operation parts and various tumbler, contributes to the combination property such as permanance, reliability improving product.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is method flow diagram of the present invention;
The system chart of drive control apparatus detection axis system electric current is adopted in Fig. 2 the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the system chart adopting low speed friction torque detector detection axis system's starting friction moment and dynamic friction torque in the present invention;
Fig. 4 adopts axle system micro-vibration test system detection axis to be the system chart of micro-vibration time-domain signal and frequency-region signal in the present invention;
Fig. 5 is that the electric current of axle system to be measured in the present invention is with the variation diagram duration of runs;
Fig. 6 is axle system starting friction moment variations figure to be measured in the present invention;
Fig. 7 is axle system low speed friction moment to be measured variation diagram in time in the present invention;
Fig. 8 is micro-vibration time-domain signal when axle to be measured ties up to speed stabilizing running under setting speed in the present invention;
Fig. 9 is micro-vibration frequency-region signal when axle to be measured ties up to speed stabilizing running under setting speed in the present invention;
Figure 10 is the structural representation of the present invention axle system to be measured.
Embodiment
Basic ideas of the present invention are: the comprehensive evaluation method providing a kind of space operation parts axle system fault, for space operation parts axle system fault, after axle system completes running-in detection-phase, judge the stage according to electric current successively, moment of friction judges the stage, micro-vibration judges that the stage three passes judgment on Stage evaluation Axial Status.Finally, by the localization of fault stage, do not disassembling in axle system situation, realizing axle system localization of fault.
As shown in Figure 10, described axle system to be measured comprise pair of horns contact ball bearing 7, main shaft 8, housing 10, outer load sleeve 11, interior load sleeve 12 and on tighten up nut 9 and under tighten up nut 13 and base.Base is vertical with main shaft and be integrated processing with main shaft; Pair of horns contact ball bearing 7 is installed between main shaft 8 and housing 10, and pair of horns contact ball bearing 7 comprises two angular contact ball bearings 7, and two angular contact ball bearings 7 are identical;
Pair of horns contact ball bearing 7, main shaft 8, housing 10, outer load sleeve 11, interior load sleeve 12 are coaxial;
The two ends of main shaft 8 have a pair projection (available loading nut replaces) respectively, housing 10 upper, lower two ends connect respectively tighten up nut 9 and under tighten up nut 13, on tighten up nut 9 with under to tighten up nut 13 relative with a pair projection at the two ends of main shaft 8 respectively, and on tighten up nut 9 and under tighten up the two ends of nut 13 and main shaft 8 a pair projection between have space, pair of horns contact ball bearing 7 is positioned at housing 10, main shaft 8, on tighten up nut 9 and under tighten up in cavity that nut 13 forms, two angular contact ball bearings 7 lay respectively at housing 10, main shaft 8, on tighten up nut 9 and under tighten up two ends in cavity that nut 13 forms, outer load sleeve 11 is enclosed within interior load sleeve 12 between two angular contact ball bearings 7, two angular contact ball bearings 7 are withstood on housing 10, main shaft 8, on tighten up nut 9 and under tighten up the two ends of the cavity that nut 13 forms,
Interior load sleeve 12 is enclosed within spindle outer wall, the axial two ends of interior load sleeve 12 withstand on the inner ring axial end of two angular contact ball bearings 7 respectively, outer load sleeve 11 is at housing 10 inwall, the axial two ends of outer load sleeve 11 withstand on two angular contact ball bearing 7 outer ring axial ends respectively, and outer load sleeve 11 is enclosed between interior load sleeve 12 space;
Outer load sleeve 11 and interior load sleeve 12 axial height adjustable, be that pair of horns contact ball bearing 7 applies axial load by the axial difference in height adjusted between outer load sleeve 11 and interior load sleeve 12, finally by tighten up nut 9 and under tighten up nut 13 and realize axial locking.
Angular contact ball bearing comprises: rolling body, inner ring, outer ring and retainer, in the pocket hole of rolling body (can the be ball) retainer between inner ring and outer ring.
During the running of this axle system, housing 10 and outer load sleeve 11 rotate with the outer ring of angular contact ball bearing 7, the inner ring non rotating of main shaft 8, interior load sleeve 10 and angular contact ball bearing 7.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, as shown in Figure 1, a comprehensive evaluation method for space operation parts axle system fault, comprises running-in detection-phase, electric current judges the stage, moment of friction judges the stage, micro-vibration judges the stage and the localization of fault stage.
(1) carry out running-in to axle system to be measured, as in Fig. 2, adopt drive control apparatus, the axle system 2 to be measured in vacuum tank 1 is operated with running-in rotating speed speed stabilizing under the driving of motor 3, and running-in speed setting is 3000r/min, is determined by axle system real work rotating speed; The running-in of axle system is divided into two stages, and first stage running-in is 24 hours, and subordinate phase running-in is no less than 96 hours; By first stage running-in, axle system can be made to get the hang of the stabilization sub stage; On this basis by subordinate phase running-in, current methods shaft state is adopted to monitor.
(2) in subordinate phase axle system runing condensation procedure, the electric current of motor was automatically recorded by drive control apparatus at interval of 1 minute;
(3) to completing the axle system to be measured after (subordinate phase) running-in, adopting low speed friction torque detector 4 as shown in Figure 3, detecting the starting friction moment M of axle system 2 to be measured
swith low speed friction moment M
d, low speed friction torque detector 4 makes motor drive axle system 2 to be measured running by tester controller, is detected the moment of resistance indirect inspection moment of friction of the electromagnetic force shaft that driving shaft system rotates by signal acquiring system, the moment that described starting friction moment produces when being the startup of axle system, described low speed friction moment is the moment produced when a constant slow-speed of revolution steady running, described low speed is 5r/min ~ 50r/min, because the low speed friction moment obtained in this range of speeds truly can reflect the lubricating status of the different turned position of shaft system, the difference of surface quality and carrying situation, and according to the description of the 650th page in " rolling bearing application ", the moment of friction obtained under high rotating speed, play a major role with the moment of friction that axle system load is irrelevant, main and oil body and quantity, bearing rotating speed is correlated with, namely high-speed friction moment cannot reflect axle system loaded-up condition,
(4) to completing the axle system 2 to be measured after (subordinate phase) running-in, the micro-vibration test system of axle system is as shown in Figure 4 adopted to carry out micro-vibration-testing to axle system to be measured, shafting installation is on the micro-vibration test table 6 of axle system, and drive control apparatus makes axle system 2 to be measured speed stabilizing running under motor 3 drives.Acceleration transducer 5 is arranged on axle system top (main shaft top), receiving axes system acceleration responsive signal, and charge signal is converted to voltage signal by charge amplifier, is gathered and input to vibration analysis system analysis by signal sampler.Under detection axis ties up to setting speed, micro-vibration time-domain signal during speed stabilizing running and frequency-region signal.Setting speed is 300r/min, because the micro-vibration frequency-region signal obtained under this setting speed does not exist bearing because of inner each frequency content of parts collision generation and the coupled vibrations of axle system characteristic frequency or natural frequency of running up, be convenient to the characteristic frequency or the natural frequency that identify axle system to be measured.
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, are described four judgement stages of the present invention.
Described electric current judges that stage etch is as follows:
(5) electric current according to Fig. 5, with the change curve duration of runs, finds step (2) to continue to monitor electric current average I and the current ripple level △ I of motor, as current of electric average I > I
a, or fluctuation of motor current value △ I > △ I
a, can judge that axle system to be measured exists fault, described I
afor the motor current spikes average permissible value of setting, I
afor 250mA, △ I
afor the fluctuation of motor current permissible value of setting, △ I
afor 10mA.The ratio that described current of electric average is defined as the current of electric in monitoring time section and counts with monitoring.The motor current spikes average I that can calculate this axle system to be measured according to Fig. 5 is 187mA, is less than the permissible value 250mA of the motor current spikes average of setting; Described fluctuation of motor current permissible value is defined as the difference of current of electric maxima and minima in monitoring time section, △ I=I
max-I
min.The current maxima I of axle system to be measured
max=189.7mA, as shown in A point in Fig. 5, current minimum is I
min=185.0mA, as shown in B point in Fig. 5, therefore, the fluctuation of motor current value △ I=I of this axle system
max-I
min=189.7mA-185.0mA=4.7mA, is less than the fluctuation of motor current permissible value 10mA of setting, judges that axle system to be measured does not exist fault according to current of electric.
Described moment of friction judges that stage etch is as follows:
(6) the starting friction moment according to Fig. 6 with the change curve duration of runs, the starting friction moment M of the axle system to be measured finding step (3) to detect
swith starting friction torque fluctuations value △ M
s, when starting friction minimum torque M appears in starting friction moment
s_min> M
maxor starting friction moment maximal value M
s_max< M
min, or starting friction torque fluctuations value △ M
s> △ M
atime, can judge that axle system to be measured exists fault, described M
maxfor the starting friction moment maximum permissible value of setting, M
maxbe 60 × 10
-4nm, M
minfor the minimum permissible value of starting friction moment of setting, M
minbe 20 × 10
-4nm, described △ M
afor the starting friction torque fluctuations permissible value of setting, △ M
abe 10 × 10
-4nm, described starting friction torque fluctuations value is defined as the difference of starting friction moment maxima and minima, △ M
s=M
s_max-M
s_min.The starting friction moment maximal value M of axle system to be measured
s_max=11.6 × 10
-4nm, as shown in C point in Fig. 6, is less than the minimum permissible value 20 × 10 of starting friction moment of setting
-4nm, can judge that axle system to be measured exists fault.
(7) the low speed friction torque fluctuations value △ M of the axle system to be measured that the low speed friction moment according to Fig. 7 finds step (3) to detect with the change curve duration of runs
d, as low speed friction torque fluctuations value △ M
dduring > △ M, can judge that axle system exists fault, described △ M is the low speed friction torque fluctuations permissible value of setting, and △ M is 10 × 10
-4nm, described low speed friction torque fluctuations value is defined as low speed friction moment maximal value M
d_maxwith minimum M
d_mindifference
,△ M
d=M
d_max-M
d_
min.As shown in Figure 7, the maximal value M of axle system to be measured low speed friction moment
d_maxbe 25.5 × 10
-4nm, as shown in D point in Fig. 7, the minimum M of axle system to be measured low speed friction moment
d_minbe 13.6 × 10
-4nm, as shown in E point in Fig. 7, therefore, the low speed friction torque fluctuations value △ M of axle system to be measured
d=M
d_max-M
d_
min=25.5 × 10
-4nm-13.6 × 10
-4nm=11.9 × 10
-4nm, is greater than the low speed friction torque fluctuations permissible value 10 × 10 of setting
-4nm, can judge that axle system to be measured exists fault.
Described micro-vibration judges that stage etch is as follows:
(8) the vibration acceleration amplitude change curve in time according to Fig. 8, finds the time domain root-mean-square value X of the micro-vibration time-domain signal of step (4) under 300r/min rotating speed during speed stabilizing running
rMSwith time domain peak undulating quantity △ X
p.Described time domain root-mean-square value is the effective value of time-domain signal, can by formula
Calculate, wherein T is the sampling time, and x (t) is acceleration amplitude corresponding to t.Described time domain peak undulating quantity is defined as time domain peak maximal value X
maxwith minimum value X
mindifference, △ X
p=X
max-X
min.Micro-vibration time-domain signal according to Fig. 8, can obtain time domain root-mean-square value according to formulae discovery is 0.032g.In addition, axle system time domain peak maximal value X to be measured
maxfor 0.125g, as shown in F point in Fig. 8, axle system time domain peak minimum value X to be measured
minfor 0.005g, as shown in G point in Fig. 8, therefore, the time domain peak undulating quantity △ X of axle system to be measured
p=X
max-X
min=0.125g-0.005g=0.12g.
(9) if the peak value that bearing fault characteristics frequency is corresponding appears in the micro-vibration frequency-region signal of step (4) under 300r/min rotating speed during speed stabilizing running, or occur that natural frequency offsets, the simultaneously root-mean-square value X of time-domain signal that obtains of step (8)
rMS> X
a, or time domain peak undulating quantity △ X
p> △ X, can judge that axle system exists fault.Described X
afor the time domain root-mean-square value permissible value of setting, X
afor the time domain peak fluctuation permissible value that 0.10g, △ X is setting, △ X is 0.05g.As shown in Figure 9, there is skew in the natural frequency of axle system to be measured frequency-region signal, as shown in ab section, cd section, ef section and gh section in figure, and the time domain peak undulating quantity △ X that obtains of step (8) simultaneously
p=0.12g, is greater than time domain peak fluctuation permissible value 0.05g, can judges that axle system to be measured exists fault.
In space operation parts axle system, the impact of vibration on whole shafting vibration of bearing is larger.The essence of shafting vibration is caused by the excitation in Contact Pair, and the factor therefore affecting Contact Pair contact performance all can have an impact to the vibration characteristics of bearing.Bearing component failure can produce low frequency pulsating at the volley, and the vibration easily extensible evoked of pulsing is progressive infinite simple harmonic quantity progression, and its fundamental frequency is the characteristic frequency of pulsation.Thus the characteristic frequency obtaining each parts of bearing is needed.According to the computing formula of " rolling bearing application " the 578th, 582 page of centre bearer defect frequency, the characteristic frequency corresponding to fault such as retainer fault, inner ring fault, outer ring fault, rolling body fault and rolling body diameter difference can be calculated.Bearing fault characteristics frequency is as shown in table 1, and in table, f is axle system rotating speed, and z is rolling body number, the rotational speed f of outer ring swivel bearing retainer
cwith rolling body (can be ball, in the pocket hole of the retainer between the inner ring and outer ring of bearing to be measured) failure-frequency f
bobtained by following formula respectively
In formula, d is rolling body diameter, and D is bearing pitch diameter, and α is bearing contact angle.
Table 1 space bearing fault characteristic frequency and corresponding failure mode thereof
| Fault characteristic frequency | Axle system to be measured localization of fault |
| f b | Rolling body fault |
| f c | Retainer fault |
| z(1-f c) | Inner ring fault |
| zf c | Outer ring fault |
| kf c(k＝1,2,3) | Rolling body diameter difference |
Described localization of fault stage etch is as follows:
(10) when step (5), step (6), step (7) judge that axle system to be measured exists fault simultaneously, but when step (9) cannot judge that axle system to be measured exists fault, axle system to be measured can be located and there is lubricants capacity abnormal failure;
(11) when step (9) judges that axle system to be measured exists fault, the bearing fault that axle system to be measured exists can be located by fault mode corresponding to bearing fault characteristics frequency as shown in table 1, or load abnormal failure according to occurring that natural frequency offset orientation axle system to be measured exists.
Because natural frequency phenomenon on the low side appears in step (9), can judge that axle system to be measured exists load fault less than normal.This conclusion is verified by disassembling repetition measurement load to this axle system to be measured.Although step (6) and step (7) also can judge that axle system exists fault, can not localizing faults, and can realize not disassembling the localization of fault under module condition by the frequency-domain analysis of step (9).
This embodiment has absolutely proved that the existing current methods of employing judges that space operation parts axle system fault may break down and fails to judge, and easy causing trouble axle system flows into follow-up link, causes the loss that cannot retrieve.Although pass judgment on step by moment of friction can judge that axle system exists fault, the introducing of micro-vibration evaluation method efficiently solves moment of friction method cannot the problem of localizing faults.Meanwhile, different evaluation method obtain corroborating each other between result, make fault evaluation result more accurate, reliable.
Combination current of the present invention, moment of friction and micro-vibration three kinds of modes, avoid the application limitation of single method.The analysis that particularly can be offset by bearing fault characteristics frequency and natural frequency of shafting, grasps spectral change reason, thus the diagnosis realized space operation parts axle system fault and location.The invention provides more scientific, to pass judgment on space operation parts axle system fault exactly method, particularly can be implemented in the localization of fault under not disconnect assembly.On the one hand, fault axle system can be identified in time, take effective remedial measures, avoid unnecessary axle system to scrap, accurately can locate fault on the other hand, take effective innovative approach, improve the reliability of axle system.
Non-elaborated part of the present invention belongs to techniques well known.
Claims (8)
1. a comprehensive evaluation method for space operation parts axle system fault, is characterized in that: comprise running-in detection-phase, electric current judges the stage, moment of friction judges the stage, micro-vibration judges the stage and the localization of fault stage;
Described running-in detection-phase is as follows:
(1) successively first stage and subordinate phase running-in are carried out in a vacuum to axle system to be measured, drive axle system to be measured to operate by motor;
(2) in subordinate phase axle system runing condensation procedure, the electric current of motor is continued to monitor, and record;
(3) to completing the axle system to be measured after (subordinate phase) running-in, the starting friction moment M of axle system to be measured is detected
swith low speed friction moment M
d;
(4) to completing the axle system to be measured after (subordinate phase) running-in, detect under axle to be measured ties up to setting speed, micro-vibration time-domain signal during speed stabilizing running and frequency-region signal;
Described electric current judges that stage etch is as follows:
(5) step (2) is found to continue to monitor electric current average I and the current ripple level △ I of motor, as current of electric average I > I
a, or fluctuation of motor current value △ I > △ I
a, can judge that axle system to be measured exists fault, described I
afor the permissible value of the current of electric average of setting, △ I
afor the fluctuation of motor current permissible value of setting; The electric current average of described motor is defined as the current of electric sum of each monitoring time point in monitoring time section and the ratio of total monitoring point number; Described fluctuation of motor current permissible value is defined as the difference of current of electric maxima and minima in monitoring time section;
Described moment of friction judges that stage etch is as follows:
(6) the starting friction moment M of the axle system to be measured finding step (3) to detect
swith starting friction torque fluctuations value △ M
s, when M appears in starting friction moment
s_min> M
maxor M
s_max< M
min, or starting friction torque fluctuations value △ M
s> △ M
atime, judge that axle system to be measured exists fault, described M
maxfor the starting friction moment maximum permissible value of setting, M
minfor the minimum permissible value of starting friction moment of setting, described △ M
afor the starting friction torque fluctuations permissible value of setting, described starting friction torque fluctuations value is defined as the difference of starting friction moment maxima and minima;
(7) the low speed friction torque fluctuations value △ M of the axle system to be measured finding step (3) to detect
d, as low speed friction torque fluctuations value △ M
dduring > △ M, can judge that axle system exists fault, described △ M is the low speed friction torque fluctuations permissible value of setting, and described low speed friction torque fluctuations value is defined as the difference of low speed friction moment maxima and minima;
Described micro-vibration judges that stage etch is as follows:
(8) find step (4) under setting speed speed stabilizing running time micro-vibration time-domain signal time domain root-mean-square value X
rMSwith time domain peak undulating quantity △ X
p, described time domain peak undulating quantity is defined as the difference of time domain peak maxima and minima;
(9) if the peak value that bearing fault characteristics frequency is corresponding appears in the micro-vibration frequency-region signal of step (4) under setting speed during speed stabilizing running, or occur that natural frequency offsets, the simultaneously root-mean-square value X of time-domain signal that obtains of step (8)
rMS> X
a, or time domain peak undulating quantity △ X
p> △ X, can judge that axle system exists fault, described X
afor the time domain root-mean-square value permissible value of setting, △ X is the time domain peak fluctuation permissible value of setting;
Described localization of fault stage etch is as follows:
(10) when step (5), step (6), step (7) judge that axle system to be measured exists fault simultaneously, but when step (9) cannot judge that axle system to be measured exists fault, axle system to be measured can be located and there is lubrication amount abnormal failure;
(11) when step (9) judges that axle system to be measured exists fault, the bearing fault that axle system to be measured exists can be located according to the fault mode occurred corresponding to bearing fault characteristics frequency, or load abnormal failure according to occurring that natural frequency offset orientation axle system to be measured exists.
2. the comprehensive evaluation method of a kind of space operation parts axle system according to claim 1 fault, it is characterized in that: described step (1) axle system to be measured carries out that first stage running-in speed setting is 3000r/min, running-in is 24 hours, subordinate phase running-in speed setting is 3000r/min, and running-in is no less than 96 hours.
3. the comprehensive evaluation method of a kind of space operation parts axle system according to claim 1 fault, is characterized in that: described step (3) low speed is 5r/min ~ 50r/min.
4. the comprehensive evaluation method of a kind of space operation parts axle system according to claim 1 fault, is characterized in that: the rotating speed that described step (4) sets is 300r/min.
5. the comprehensive evaluation method of a kind of space operation parts axle system according to claim 1 fault, is characterized in that: the permissible value I of the motor current spikes average that described step (5) sets
afor 250mA, the fluctuation of motor current value △ I of setting
afor 10mA.
6. the comprehensive evaluation method of a kind of space operation parts axle system according to claim 1 fault, is characterized in that: the starting friction moment maximal value M that described step (6) sets
maxbe 60 × 10
-4nm, the starting friction minimum torque M of setting
minbe 20 × 10
-4nm, the starting friction torque fluctuations permissible value △ M of setting
abe 10 × 10
-4nm.
7. the comprehensive evaluation method of a kind of space operation parts axle system according to claim 1 fault, is characterized in that: the low speed friction torque fluctuations permissible value △ M that described step (7) sets is 10 × 10
-4nm.
8. the comprehensive evaluation method of a kind of space operation parts axle system according to claim 1 fault, is characterized in that: the time domain root mean square permissible value X that described step (9) sets
afor 0.10g, time domain peak fluctuation permissible value △ X is 0.05g.
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