CN115387874A - Distributed energy heating system - Google Patents

Distributed energy heating system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115387874A
CN115387874A CN202210975226.8A CN202210975226A CN115387874A CN 115387874 A CN115387874 A CN 115387874A CN 202210975226 A CN202210975226 A CN 202210975226A CN 115387874 A CN115387874 A CN 115387874A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
communicated
steam
output
outlet
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Pending
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CN202210975226.8A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
付尧
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Guoneng Longyuan Electric Power Technology Engineering Co ltd
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Guoneng Longyuan Electric Power Technology Engineering Co ltd
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Priority to CN202210975226.8A priority Critical patent/CN115387874A/en
Publication of CN115387874A publication Critical patent/CN115387874A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K11/00—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers
    • F01K11/02—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers the engines being turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
    • F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K17/00—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant
    • F01K17/02—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant for heating purposes, e.g. industrial, domestic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/16—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being only of turbine type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
    • F02C6/18—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use using the waste heat of gas-turbine plants outside the plants themselves, e.g. gas-turbine power heat plants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/06—Cooling; Heating; Prevention of freezing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/16—Filtration; Moisture separation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28B—STEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
    • F28B1/00—Condensers in which the steam or vapour is separate from the cooling medium by walls, e.g. surface condenser
    • F28B1/02—Condensers in which the steam or vapour is separate from the cooling medium by walls, e.g. surface condenser using water or other liquid as the cooling medium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28C—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT WITHOUT CHEMICAL INTERACTION
    • F28C1/00—Direct-contact trickle coolers, e.g. cooling towers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28C—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT WITHOUT CHEMICAL INTERACTION
    • F28C1/00—Direct-contact trickle coolers, e.g. cooling towers
    • F28C2001/006—Systems comprising cooling towers, e.g. for recooling a cooling medium

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a distributed energy heating system, and relates to the technical field of energy utilization. Including gas generating set, steam generator set, fourth heat exchanger and condenser, gas generator set's exhaust end is linked together with exhaust-heat boiler's input, exhaust-heat boiler's output is linked together with steam generator set's input, exhaust-heat boiler's exhaust end is linked together with the input import of fourth heat exchanger, steam generator set's the exhaust end of exhausting is linked together with the input import of condenser. In the aspect of main equipment type selection, the gas turbine adopts an industrial heavy gas turbine, the power generation output is larger, the combination efficiency is high, and the air inlet temperature is reduced by adopting an air inlet cooling device, so that the system is suitable for the project of a gas energy station in a region with higher air temperature; the waste heat boiler does not adopt afterburning, so that the efficiency of the combined cycle is improved, and the output of the whole combined cycle is improved by adopting double pressure in steam-water cycle series.

Description

Distributed energy heating system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energy utilization, in particular to a distributed energy heating system.
Background
The combined cooling heating and power distributed energy system is a combined cooling heating and power system to perform centralized cooling and heating.
The natural gas circulation cogeneration energy station has the advantages of high efficiency, cleanness, environmental protection, safety, reliability and the like, and is particularly suitable for energy supply in areas with concentrated energy loads. The comprehensive energy utilization efficiency of the natural gas combined cooling heating and power supply is over 70 percent and is far higher than about 35 to 50 percent of the energy utilization efficiency of the conventional coal-fired straight condensing unit. The natural gas combustion hardly discharges sulfur dioxide and smoke dust, only discharges a small amount of nitrogen oxide, and the natural gas power generation can reduce the discharge amount of pollutants such as sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxide and dust, and can effectively improve the air quality. The construction of the distributed energy station is beneficial to promoting the cyclic low-carbon economic development, improving the resource utilization efficiency and realizing the sustainable development.
However, in the current market, the boilers used by some enterprises using steam and heat are small in scale, low in boiler efficiency, large in heat supply energy consumption and poor in energy-saving benefit, the technical problems that heat supply unified planning is lacked, the method is not economical and environment-friendly, combined cycle output is limited and a unit cannot be flexibly adjusted exist even if a distributed energy system is arranged, how to effectively improve the output of the unit and improve the comprehensive utilization efficiency of energy becomes a technical problem to be solved, and therefore the distributed energy heating system is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to provide a distributed energy heating system to solve the problems in the background art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a distributed energy heating system, includes gas generating set, steam generator set, fourth heat exchanger and condenser, gas generator set's exhaust end is linked together with exhaust-heat boiler's input, exhaust-heat boiler's output is linked together with steam generator set's input, exhaust-heat boiler's exhaust end is linked together with the input import of fourth heat exchanger, steam generator set's exhaust steam end is linked together with the input import of condenser, the output import of condenser has the cooling tower through the pipeline intercommunication, the output export of fourth heat exchanger and the output export of condenser all are linked together with the heat transfer mechanism that can carry out the heat transfer to the running water, heat transfer mechanism's output is still fixed mounting has the water pump that is used for the running water pump that will be heated to each water spot.
Preferably, in the technical scheme, the heat exchange mechanism comprises a first heat exchanger and a third heat exchanger, an output end outlet of the condenser is provided with a first three-way valve, one outlet of the first three-way valve is communicated with a second three-way valve, the other outlet of the first three-way valve is communicated with an input end inlet of the first heat exchanger, an input end outlet of the first heat exchanger is communicated with one outlet of the second three-way valve, the other outlet of the second three-way valve is communicated with the cooling tower, an output end inlet of the first heat exchanger is communicated with a tap water pipe, an output end outlet of the first heat exchanger is communicated with the third three-way valve, one outlet of the third three-way valve is communicated with an output end inlet of the third heat exchanger, an input end of the third heat exchanger is communicated with an output end of the fourth heat exchanger, and an output end outlet of the third heat exchanger is communicated with the water pump.
Preferred among this technical scheme, gas generating set includes air compressor, gas turbine and combustion chamber, the combustion chamber intercommunication has natural gas line, air compressor's output and combustion chamber are linked together, and the output and the gas turbine of combustion chamber are linked together, the first generator of gas turbine's output fixedly connected with, gas turbine is the heavy gas turbine of industry.
Preferably, an air inlet cooling device and an air filter are sequentially and fixedly mounted at the input end of the air compressor from far to near.
Preferably in this technical scheme, steam generating set includes steam turbine, steam turbine's output end fixedly connected with second generator.
Preferably, in the technical scheme, the waste heat boiler is a double-pressure waste heat boiler without a bypass chimney.
Preferably, in the technical scheme, the steam turbine is a double-extraction condensing steam turbine.
Preferably, the steam turbine is provided with an industrial air extraction pipeline communicated with the steam pipe network and a low-pressure air extraction pipeline used for extracting low-pressure steam.
Preferably, in the technical scheme, the heat exchange mechanism further comprises a second heat exchanger, the low-pressure air extraction pipeline is communicated with an inlet of an input end of the second heat exchanger, another outlet of the third three-way valve is communicated with an inlet of an output end of the second heat exchanger, and an outlet of an output end of the second heat exchanger is communicated with the water pump.
In the technical scheme, preferably, a heat storage water tank for storing heated tap water is further arranged between the water pump and each water consumption point.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
in the aspect of main equipment type selection, the gas turbine adopts an industrial heavy gas turbine, the power generation output is larger, the combination efficiency is high, and the air inlet temperature is reduced by adopting an air inlet cooling device, so that the system is suitable for the project of a gas energy station in a region with higher air temperature; the waste heat boiler does not adopt afterburning, so that the efficiency of the combined cycle is improved, and the output of the whole combined cycle is improved due to the adoption of double pressure in the steam-water circulation stage; a bypass chimney is not arranged, so that the resistance of the waste heat boiler is reduced, and the combined cycle efficiency is improved; the steam turbine adopts a pumping condensing turbine which is flexible to operate; the shafting adopts safe and reliable and flexible-adjustment multi-shaft one-drag-one configuration, so that the combined cycle output of the whole system is higher, and meanwhile, the energy output trend can be flexibly adjusted, and further, the comprehensive utilization efficiency of energy is improved.
The waste heat of the discharged smoke of the generator set, the latent heat of condensation of the condenser and the low-pressure steam extracted from the steam turbine are utilized to directly heat cold water to produce domestic hot water, so that the waste heat is effectively utilized, the comprehensive utilization efficiency of energy is improved, and meanwhile, the steam turbine is communicated with a steam pipe network through an industrial air exhaust pipeline, so that the flexibility of energy utilization is solved, and the utilization efficiency of energy is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a gas generator set; 101. a first generator; 102. an air compressor; 103. a gas turbine; 104. a combustion chamber; 105. an intake air cooling device; 106. an air filter; 2. a waste heat boiler; 3. a steam generator set; 301. a steam turbine; 302. a second generator; 4. a condenser; 5. a first three-way valve; 6. a second three-way valve; 7. a cooling tower; 8. a first heat exchanger; 9. a third three-way valve; 10. A second heat exchanger; 11. a third heat exchanger; 12. a fourth heat exchanger; 13. a water pump; 14. a heat storage water tank.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be configured in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Further, it will be appreciated that the dimensions of the various elements shown in the figures are not drawn to scale, for ease of description, e.g., the thickness or width of some layers may be exaggerated relative to other layers.
It should be noted that like reference numerals and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined or illustrated in one figure, it will not need to be further discussed or illustrated in detail in the description of the following figure.
The distributed energy system mentioned in the background of the invention is relative to the traditional centralized energy system, which adopts large-capacity equipment and centralized production, and then delivers various energies to a plurality of users in a larger range through special delivery facilities (large power grid, large heat supply network, etc.); the distributed energy system is a medium and small energy conversion and utilization system which is directly oriented to users, can produce and supply energy on site according to the requirements of the users, has multiple functions and can meet multiple targets. As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: the utility model provides a distributed energy heating system, includes gas generating set 1, steam generating set 3, fourth heat exchanger 12 and condenser 4, its characterized in that: the exhaust end of the gas generator set 1 is communicated with the input end of the waste heat boiler 2, the output end of the waste heat boiler 2 is communicated with the input end of the steam generator set 3, the exhaust end of the waste heat boiler 2 is communicated with the input end inlet of the fourth heat exchanger 12, the exhaust steam end of the steam generator set 3 is communicated with the input end inlet of the condenser 4, the output end inlet of the condenser 4 is communicated with the cooling tower 7 through a pipeline, the output end outlet of the fourth heat exchanger 12 and the output end outlet of the condenser 4 are both communicated with a heat exchange mechanism capable of exchanging heat with tap water, the output end of the heat exchange mechanism is further fixedly provided with a water pump 13 for pumping the heated tap water to each water using point, the system is simple in structure, can be produced on site according to the requirements of users through the configuration of equipment and supplies energy, has multiple functions, and can meet the advantages of medium and small energy conversion and utilization of the target.
While the exhaust-heat boiler 2 in the present embodiment does not employ afterburning. The afterburning can increase the output of a steam turbine in the combined cycle unit and realize the independent adjustment of the electric load and the heat load of the combined cycle unit. However, when the initial temperature of the gas turbine 103 is greater than 900 ℃, the use of post-combustion reduces the efficiency of the combined cycle. For a system which does not need independent adjustment of electricity and heat load, the waste heat boiler 2 does not adopt afterburning, high efficiency of combined cycle can be realized, and meanwhile, double pressure is adopted in the steam-water circulation pressure stage number of the waste heat boiler 2 in the embodiment. The double-pressure waste heat boiler can fully utilize the waste heat of the flue gas, achieve lower smoke exhaust temperature, and increase the yield of low-pressure steam, so that the total steam yield of the waste heat boiler 2 is increased, and the output of the whole combined cycle is increased. Therefore, the present embodiment selects the use of the dual-pressure waste heat boiler.
It is further noted that the dual-pressure waste heat boiler in the embodiment is not provided with a bypass chimney. Generally, the bypass chimney is arranged to ensure that the combustion engine can run in a single cycle, so that the flexibility is improved; and simultaneously, the quick start and load of the combustion engine are facilitated. From the perspective of environmental protection and energy conservation, the bypass chimney means thermal pollution and energy waste. Moreover, the bypass chimney cannot guarantee 100% tightness, and generally, about 0.5% of flue gas leaks, which causes frequent energy waste. Meanwhile, the bypass chimney increases the resistance of the waste heat boiler 2, and reduces the efficiency of the combined cycle. Moreover, the price of the bypass chimney is not good, the price of one bypass chimney and a related system is about 250 ten thousand yuan, and if the bypass chimney is cancelled, considerable initial investment can be saved. In summary, the bypass chimney is eliminated, so the dual-pressure exhaust-heat boiler in the embodiment is not provided with the bypass chimney.
In this embodiment, the gas generator set 1 includes an air compressor 102, a gas turbine 103, and a combustion chamber 104, the combustion chamber 104 is communicated with a natural gas pipeline, an output end of the air compressor 102 is communicated with the combustion chamber 104, and an output end of the combustion chamber 104 is communicated with the gas turbine 103, an output end of the gas turbine 103 is fixedly connected with a first generator 101, during operation, natural gas is continuously introduced into the combustion chamber 104 through the natural gas pipeline, the air outside the combustion chamber 104 is compressed by the air compressor 102 and then filled into the combustion chamber 104 to support combustion, the natural gas and the air are combusted in the combustion chamber 104, the generated energy applies work to the gas turbine 103, the gas turbine 103 which applies work drives the first generator 101 to rotate to generate power, and meanwhile, the gas turbine 103 transmits the flue gas which has applied work to the exhaust-heat boiler 2.
It should be noted that in the present embodiment, the gas turbine 103 is an industrial heavy gas turbine which is developed and designed for land power generation, and is characterized by larger equipment volume and weight, and stronger adaptability to fuel, and can be used for burning both light oil and heavy oil. The start and stop of the unit are also quick. The exhaust temperature of the industrial heavy-duty gas turbine is high, and when a gas-steam combined cycle is adopted, the steam generation quantity of the configured waste heat boiler 2 is large, so that the power generation output and the steam supply quantity of the steam turbine 301 are large, although the single-cycle efficiency of the gas turbine is slightly lower than that of the light-duty gas turbine, the combined cycle thermal efficiency is slightly higher. The heavy-duty combustion engine has a long overhaul period, and can be overhauled in an energy station, so that the maintenance cost is lower than that of the aeroderivative combustion engine, and is about 60 percent of that of the aeroderivative combustion engine.
Meanwhile, in order to improve the practicability of the distributed energy heating system, for the south with higher temperature, an upper air cooling device 105 and an air filter 106 can be fixedly installed at the input end of the air compressor 102 from far to near in sequence, wherein the main function of the upper air cooling device 105 is to cool air, the function of the air filter 106 is to filter impurities and moisture in the air, and the performance of the gas turbine 103 is closely related to the atmospheric temperature because the gas turbine is a constant volume power machine. As the atmospheric temperature increases, the air density decreases, thereby causing a decrease in the mass of air flowing through the air compressor 102 and the gas turbine 103, which may cause a decrease in the output of the gas turbine 103. The increase in atmospheric temperature also reduces the compression ratio of the air compressor 102, increasing power consumption, and causing the output of the gas turbine 103 to decrease further. Generally, when the inlet air temperature is reduced by about 10 ℃, the output of the combustion engine can be increased by 10% of the rated power, so that the inlet air cooling device 105 is necessary to be arranged in the south with higher temperature, and the air is cooled by adopting a spray circulating water cooling mode in the embodiment.
The steam generator set 3 in this embodiment includes a steam turbine 301, an output end of the steam turbine 301 is fixedly connected with a second generator 302, and since an output end of the exhaust-heat boiler 2 is communicated with an input end of the steam turbine 301, high-temperature and high-pressure steam transmitted from the exhaust-heat boiler 2 can do work on blades of the steam turbine 301, and the steam turbine 301 can rotate to generate power by driving the second generator 302, in this embodiment, the steam turbine 301 adopts a double-extraction-condensation steam turbine 301. The double extraction condensing steam turbine 301 can meet the requirements of systems with larger steam load, hot water load and summer air conditioning load fluctuation, and different loads have different periodic change laws along with day and night work and seasonal change, so that the double extraction condensing steam turbine 301 with more flexible operation is adopted, and the adjustment flexibility of the system can be enhanced.
It should be noted that the shafting of the combined cycle of the present embodiment adopts a multi-shaft one-to-one configuration, i.e. the gas turbine 103 and the steam turbine 301 respectively drive the first generator 101 and the second generator 302 to operate. In a combined cycle power plant with a multi-shaft configuration, the gas turbine 103 can be started quickly, full load is brought within half an hour, and the peak regulation capacity is high. Meanwhile, the system has the advantages of high operation flexibility, short construction period, convenience in maintenance and the like. Compared with a single-shaft unit (a gas turbine 103 is provided with a waste heat boiler 2, the generated steam is supplied to a steam turbine 301, and the gas turbine 103 and the steam turbine 301 drive a generator together), the equipment and the system are complex, and the regulation and control of the whole plant are relatively complex. The shafting selection of the gas turbine 103 combined cycle unit is based on local conditions, the single-shaft unit is suitable for carrying basic load, and the multi-shaft unit is suitable for cogeneration, units with simple cycle operation, IGCC and other generator sets. For a combined cycle unit, if a single shaft is arranged, the steam extraction load of a steam turbine changes to cause different counter forces and the like, so that shafting vibration is caused, and inconvenience is brought to debugging and running. And the multi-shaft arrangement is adopted, so that the variable-load operation of the steam turbine cannot influence the combustion engine. If the "two-to-one" mode is selected (two gas turbines 103 are respectively provided with one waste heat boiler 2, and the steam generated by the two waste heat boilers 2 is supplied to one steam turbine 301 generator set), only one steam turbine 301 is provided, and if the steam turbine 301 has an accident, the waste heat boiler 2 is adopted to reduce the temperature and the pressure and supply heat, so that the economy is poor. According to the principle, in order to meet the recent heat load requirement, the unit configuration needs to have the characteristics of safety, reliability and flexibility in adjustment, so that the combined cycle adopts a multi-shaft one-to-one configuration scheme, and is practical and efficient.
Meanwhile, it is to be known that the heat exchange mechanism includes a first heat exchanger 8 and a third heat exchanger 11, an output end outlet of the condenser 4 is provided with a first three-way valve 5, one outlet of the first three-way valve 5 is communicated with a second three-way valve 6, and another outlet of the first three-way valve 5 is communicated with an input end inlet of the first heat exchanger 8, an input end outlet of the first heat exchanger 8 is communicated with one outlet of the second three-way valve 6, and another outlet of the second three-way valve 6 is communicated with the cooling tower 7, an output end inlet of the first heat exchanger 8 is communicated with a tap water pipe, and an output end outlet of the first heat exchanger 8 is communicated with a third three-way valve 9, one outlet of the third three-way valve 9 is communicated with an output end inlet of the third heat exchanger 11, an input end of the third heat exchanger 11 is communicated with an output end of the fourth heat exchanger 12, and an output end outlet of the third heat exchanger 11 is communicated with the water pump 13.
When high-temperature and high-pressure water vapor does work on the steam turbine 301, the high-temperature and high-pressure water vapor is changed into dead steam and is discharged from a dead steam discharging end of the steam turbine 301, the dead steam is discharged into an input end inlet of the condenser 4, meanwhile, circulating cooling water flowing out of the cooling tower 7 is introduced into an output end inlet of the condenser 4, further dead steam and the circulating cooling water exchange heat in the condenser 4, the dead steam is condensed and is changed into condensed water and is discharged from an input end outlet of the condenser 4, the temperature of the circulating cooling water is increased by about 10 ℃ after absorbing heat, the temperature of the circulating cooling water is discharged to the first three-way valve 5 from the output end outlet of the condenser 4, under the action of the first three-way valve 5, the heated circulating cooling water is divided into two paths, one path flows to the second three-way valve 6 and flows back to the cooling tower 7, the other path of heated circulating cooling water flows to the input end inlet of the first heat exchanger 8, and the output end inlet of the first heat exchanger 8 is communicated with a running water pipe, the tap water is communicated with a tap water pipe, the tap water flows in from an output end inlet of a first heat exchanger 8, the inflowing tap water and the heated circulating cooling water exchange heat in the first heat exchanger 8 to preheat the tap water, the circulating cooling water flows to a second three-way valve 6 through an input end outlet of the first heat exchanger 8 after preheating is finished and finally flows to a cooling tower 7, the preheated tap water flows to a third three-way valve 9 from an output end outlet of the first heat exchanger 8 and flows to an output end inlet of a third heat exchanger 11 through one outlet of the third three-way valve 9, further, the exhaust end of the waste heat boiler 2 is communicated with an input end inlet of a fourth heat exchanger 12, and meanwhile, the input end of the third heat exchanger 11 is communicated with the output end of the fourth heat exchanger 12, so that the preheated tap water can carry out heat treatment on flue gas exhausted from the third heat exchanger 11, the fourth heat exchanger 12 and the exhaust end of the waste heat boiler 2 After the tap water is heated to 65 ℃ by the exchange, the tap water is discharged to the water pump 13 from the outlet of the output end of the third heat exchanger 11, then the 65 ℃ high-temperature tap water is conveyed to the heat storage water tank 14 through the water pump 13, finally the 65 ℃ high-temperature tap water is conveyed to each water using point through the heat storage water tank 14, and the used flue gas is discharged from the outlet of the input end of the fourth heat exchanger 12.
Meanwhile, it should be noted that, because the steam turbine 301 adopted in this embodiment is a double extraction condensing steam turbine 301, and the double extraction condensing steam turbine 301 is divided into three parts of high pressure, medium pressure and low pressure, when high-temperature and high-pressure steam (pressure is 5.0MPa, temperature is 440 ℃) output from the exhaust-heat boiler 2 enters the high-pressure part of the double extraction condensing steam turbine 301 to do work and expand to a certain pressure, a part of medium-pressure steam (pressure is 1.5MPa, temperature is 240 ℃) which is industrial steam is extracted and supplied to a steam pipe network; the other part of the medium pressure steam enters the medium pressure part in the double extraction condensing steam turbine 301 to be expanded and do work continuously, then a part of the low pressure steam (the pressure is 0.15MPa, the temperature is 175 ℃) is extracted and is conveyed to the second heat exchanger 10, the rest of the low pressure steam becomes exhaust steam after the low pressure part of the double extraction condensing steam turbine 301 does work and is discharged into the condenser 4, therefore, an industrial air extraction pipeline communicated with a steam pipe network and a low pressure air extraction pipeline used for extracting the low pressure steam are needed to be arranged on the double extraction condensing steam turbine 301, the heat exchange mechanism also comprises the second heat exchanger 10, the low pressure air extraction pipeline is communicated with an inlet at an input end of the second heat exchanger 10, the other outlet of the third three-way valve 9 is communicated with an inlet at an output end of the second heat exchanger 10, and an outlet at an output end of the second heat exchanger 10 is communicated with the water pump 13, when the input end inlet of the second heat exchanger 10 receives the low-pressure steam from the steam turbine 301, because the other outlet of the third three-way valve 9 is communicated with the output end inlet of the second heat exchanger 10, the third three-way valve 9 can convey part of the preheated tap water from the first heat exchanger 8 to the output end inlet of the second heat exchanger 10, the preheated tap water exchanges heat with the low-pressure steam in the second heat exchanger 10, the cooled low-pressure steam becomes condensed water and is discharged from the input end outlet of the second heat exchanger 10, and the preheated tap water forms 65 ℃ high-temperature tap water after heat exchange and is pumped to the heat storage water tank 14 through the water pump 13.
It should be noted that the condenser 4 is a heat exchanger for condensing the exhaust steam discharged from the steam turbine 301 into water, and the structure of the heat exchanger is essentially the same as the structure of the first heat exchanger 8, the second heat exchanger 10, the third heat exchanger 11 and the fourth heat exchanger 12, while the heat exchanger is a device for transferring part of the heat of the hot fluid to the cold fluid as the name implies, so that the device needs to continuously input and output the hot fluid and the cold fluid to enable heat exchange between the hot fluid and the cold fluid.
Meanwhile, it should be noted that in the present embodiment, the flue gas discharged from the waste heat boiler 2 is used to heat the tap water, and the temperature of the flue gas is high (120-130 ℃), which may cause the temperature of the water in the fourth heat exchanger 12 to be too high, and the third heat exchanger 11 is mainly arranged to perform step-by-step heat exchange with the fourth heat exchanger 12, so as to achieve the water temperature required by the user.
Meanwhile, it should be noted that fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of this embodiment, and the position of the device in the drawing does not represent the actual installation position of the device, and the actual installation position needs to be designed and arranged according to the size of the installation space of the system.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a distributed energy heating system, includes gas generating set (1), steam generating set (3), fourth heat exchanger (12) and condenser (4), its characterized in that: the exhaust end of gas generating set (1) is linked together with the input of exhaust-heat boiler (2), the output of exhaust-heat boiler (2) is linked together with the input of steam generator set (3), the exhaust end of exhaust-heat boiler (2) is linked together with the input import of fourth heat exchanger (12), the exhaust steam end of steam generator set (3) is linked together with the input import of condenser (4), the output import of condenser (4) has cooling tower (7) through the pipeline intercommunication, the output export of fourth heat exchanger (12) and the output export of condenser (4) all are linked together with the heat transfer mechanism that can carry out the heat transfer to the running water, heat transfer mechanism's output still fixed mounting has water pump (13) to each water point of being used for water pump (13) that will be heated.
2. A distributed energy heating system according to claim 1, wherein: the heat exchange mechanism comprises a first heat exchanger (8) and a third heat exchanger (11), an output end outlet of the condenser (4) is provided with a first three-way valve (5), one outlet of the first three-way valve (5) is communicated with a second three-way valve (6), the other outlet of the first three-way valve (5) is communicated with an input end inlet of the first heat exchanger (8), an input end outlet of the first heat exchanger (8) is communicated with one outlet of the second three-way valve (6), the other outlet of the second three-way valve (6) is communicated with a cooling tower (7), an output end inlet of the first heat exchanger (8) is communicated with a tap water pipe, an output end outlet of the first heat exchanger (8) is communicated with a third three-way valve (9), one outlet of the third three-way valve (9) is communicated with an output end inlet of the third heat exchanger (11), an input end of the third heat exchanger (11) is communicated with an output end of a fourth heat exchanger (12), and an output end outlet of the third heat exchanger (11) is communicated with a water pump (13).
3. A distributed energy heating system according to claim 2, wherein: gas generating set (1) includes air compressor (102), gas turbine (103) and combustion chamber (104), combustion chamber (104) intercommunication has natural gas line, the output and combustion chamber (104) of air compressor (102) are linked together, and the output and the gas turbine (103) of combustion chamber (104) are linked together, the first generator (101) of output fixedly connected with of gas turbine (103), gas turbine (103) are industry heavy gas turbine.
4. A distributed energy heating system according to claim 3, wherein: and an inlet air cooling device (105) and an air filter (106) are fixedly arranged at the input end of the air compressor (102) from far to near in sequence.
5. A distributed energy heating system according to claim 2, wherein: the steam generator set (3) comprises a steam turbine (301), and the output end of the steam turbine (301) is fixedly connected with a second generator (302).
6. A distributed energy heating system according to claim 2, wherein: the waste heat boiler (2) is a double-pressure waste heat boiler without a bypass chimney.
7. A distributed energy heating system according to claim 5, wherein: the steam turbine (301) is a double extraction condensing steam turbine.
8. A distributed energy heating system according to claim 7, wherein: and the steam turbine (301) is provided with an industrial air extraction pipeline communicated with the steam pipe network and a low-pressure air extraction pipeline used for extracting low-pressure steam.
9. A distributed energy heating system according to claim 8, wherein: the heat exchange mechanism further comprises a second heat exchanger (10), the low-pressure air extraction pipeline is communicated with an inlet of an input end of the second heat exchanger (10), another outlet of the third three-way valve (9) is communicated with an inlet of an output end of the second heat exchanger (10), and an outlet of the output end of the second heat exchanger (10) is communicated with the water pump (13).
10. A distributed energy heating system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein: and a heat storage water tank (14) for storing heated tap water is also arranged between the water pump (13) and each water using point.
CN202210975226.8A 2022-08-15 2022-08-15 Distributed energy heating system Pending CN115387874A (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101858231A (en) * 2010-04-07 2010-10-13 清华大学 Energy supply system mainly through gas and steam combined cycle cogeneration
CN104533551A (en) * 2014-08-29 2015-04-22 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 Waste heat recovery IGCC (integrated gasification combined cycle) combined heat and power generation central heating system and method
CN105508055A (en) * 2015-11-27 2016-04-20 中国能源建设集团广东省电力设计研究院有限公司 System and method for cooling circulation water in distributed energy station
CN216894636U (en) * 2022-02-09 2022-07-05 华能桂林燃气分布式能源有限责任公司 Distributed combined cycle unit energy efficiency improving system utilizing flue gas waste heat

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101858231A (en) * 2010-04-07 2010-10-13 清华大学 Energy supply system mainly through gas and steam combined cycle cogeneration
CN104533551A (en) * 2014-08-29 2015-04-22 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 Waste heat recovery IGCC (integrated gasification combined cycle) combined heat and power generation central heating system and method
CN105508055A (en) * 2015-11-27 2016-04-20 中国能源建设集团广东省电力设计研究院有限公司 System and method for cooling circulation water in distributed energy station
CN216894636U (en) * 2022-02-09 2022-07-05 华能桂林燃气分布式能源有限责任公司 Distributed combined cycle unit energy efficiency improving system utilizing flue gas waste heat

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