CN108361679B - System and method for supplying energy by utilizing waste heat of proton exchange membrane fuel cell and gas turbine - Google Patents
System and method for supplying energy by utilizing waste heat of proton exchange membrane fuel cell and gas turbine Download PDFInfo
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- CN108361679B CN108361679B CN201810290207.5A CN201810290207A CN108361679B CN 108361679 B CN108361679 B CN 108361679B CN 201810290207 A CN201810290207 A CN 201810290207A CN 108361679 B CN108361679 B CN 108361679B
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- lithium bromide
- waste heat
- heat
- fuel cell
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- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 143
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 250
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 206
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 82
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 82
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001246 bromo group Chemical group Br* 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
- F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
- F22B1/1807—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines using the exhaust gases of combustion engines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus
- F22B31/08—Installation of heat-exchange apparatus or of means in boilers for heating air supplied for combustion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B15/00—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type
- F25B15/02—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type without inert gas
- F25B15/06—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type without inert gas the refrigerant being water vapour evaporated from a salt solution, e.g. lithium bromide
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B30/00—Heat pumps
- F25B30/04—Heat pumps of the sorption type
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/62—Absorption based systems
- Y02B30/625—Absorption based systems combined with heat or power generation [CHP], e.g. trigeneration
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/30—Technologies for a more efficient combustion or heat usage
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
A system for supplying energy by utilizing waste heat of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell and a gas turbine comprises the gas turbine, a waste heat boiler, a condensing heat exchanger, a lithium bromide absorption heat pump and a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, wherein a gas turbine smoke outlet is connected with a waste heat boiler smoke inlet, a waste heat boiler smoke outlet is connected with a condensing heat exchanger smoke inlet, a waste heat boiler steam outlet is connected with a lithium bromide absorption heat pump driving heat source inlet, and a proton exchange membrane fuel cell cooling water outlet is connected with a lithium bromide absorption heat pump low-temperature heat source inlet. And a method for supplying energy by utilizing the waste heat of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell and the gas turbine is provided. The invention has high energy utilization efficiency and good economic benefit, eliminates heat pollution and improves the system benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a system and a method for supplying energy by utilizing waste heat of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell and a gas turbine, which can recover the waste heat of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell and the gas turbine and belong to the technical field of waste heat recovery and utilization.
Background
The gas turbine is widely applied to a distributed multi-supply system, natural gas is required to be combusted for power generation when the gas turbine works, and the traditional gas supply mode is to use a gas pressure regulating valve for gas pressure regulation, so that part of internal energy of the natural gas is wasted. The gas turbine can provide a large amount of high-temperature flue gas with the temperature of more than 400 ℃ while generating electricity, hot water or steam is generally prepared through the waste heat boiler, and the flue gas exhausted by the waste heat boiler is often directly discharged into the environment, so that energy waste is caused. For example, 5 pages are shared in the 8 th stage 63-66,57 of heating ventilation air conditioner 2013, and the performance of the disclosed flexible thermoelectric ratio small-sized gas turbine combined supply system is researched.
The proton exchange membrane fuel cell has the advantages of long service life, large current density and the like, is widely applied, such as 35MW PEMFC power stations established in Texas by general companies and Dall, and has great prospect in the field of distributed power generation. When the proton exchange membrane fuel cell works, a large amount of waste heat of 50-90 ℃ is generated, and is usually cooled by cooling water, or low-quality hot water is prepared by simple heat exchange, and the waste heat management mode is more traditional, and meanwhile, a large amount of low-quality energy waste is caused.
The lithium bromide absorption heat pump can utilize the heat with medium temperature quality as driving energy to generate a large amount of hot water for heating, and the waste heat utilization mode is widely applied to the cogeneration of large-scale coal-fired power plants in China. The lithium bromide absorption refrigerator can also work by utilizing the waste heat to prepare cold water of an air conditioner, is suitable for being used in places with sufficient medium-low temperature waste heat, and can work in series or in parallel for different driving heat sources, thereby effectively improving the waste heat utilization effect.
The turbine can convert kinetic energy contained in fluid into mechanical energy, can utilize the energy of high-pressure gas to output mechanical energy outwards, effectively reduces the pressure of the gas, fully utilizes the energy lost when the pressure of the gas changes, and has a considerable energy-saving effect.
At present, the waste heat utilization link of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell and gas turbine combined system is not fully excavated, and the energy utilization efficiency of the system is still required to be further improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defect of low energy utilization efficiency of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell and gas turbine combined system in the prior art, the invention provides a system and a method for utilizing the waste heat of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell and gas turbine to supply energy, which further excavate and utilize the waste heat of each link of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell and gas turbine combined system, improve the energy utilization efficiency, increase the economic benefit and reduce the waste heat pollution.
The invention solves the problems by adopting the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a utilize proton exchange membrane fuel cell and gas turbine waste heat to carry out energy supply's system, includes gas turbine, exhaust-heat boiler, intermediate temperature flue gas pipeline, condensing heat exchanger, low temperature flue gas pipeline, flue gas bypass valve, flue gas bypass pipeline, heating return water pipeline, flue gas waste heat utilization hot water pipeline, heating house steward, lithium bromide absorption heat pump, steam three-way valve and water condensation pipeline, gas turbine's flue gas outlet is connected with exhaust-heat boiler's flue gas inlet, exhaust-heat boiler's flue gas outlet passes through intermediate temperature flue gas pipeline and condensing heat exchanger's flue gas inlet connection, condensing heat exchanger's flue gas outlet is connected with low temperature flue gas pipeline, the import bypass valve's export and flue gas bypass pipeline connection, the heating return water pipeline is connected with condensing heat exchanger's water side import and lithium bromide absorption heat pump's heating import respectively, condensing heat exchanger's water side export is connected to the heating house steward through flue gas waste heat utilization hot water pipeline, lithium bromide absorption heat pump's heating export is connected with the heat source of exhaust-heat boiler through the three-heat pipeline, the steam outlet of exhaust-heat boiler is connected with the water condensation heat pump's the water absorption heat pump is driven by the water absorption heat pump inlet.
Preferably, the invention further comprises a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, a circulating water pump, a waste heat water three-way valve and a waste heat return pipe, wherein a cooling water outlet of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is connected with an inlet of the circulating water pump, an outlet of the circulating water pump is connected with an inlet of the waste heat water three-way valve, a direct outflow port of the waste heat water three-way valve is connected with a low-temperature heat source inlet of the lithium bromide absorption heat pump, and a low-temperature heat source outlet of the lithium bromide absorption heat pump is connected with a cooling water inlet of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell through the waste heat return pipe.
Preferably, the invention further comprises an air conditioner water return pipeline, a first-stage lithium bromide refrigerator, a second-stage lithium bromide refrigerator, an air conditioner water supply pipeline, a cooling water supply pipeline, a first-stage refrigerator cooling water return pipeline, a second-stage refrigerator cooling water return pipeline, a waste heat bypass water return pipeline and a condensate bypass water return pipeline, wherein the air conditioner water return pipeline is connected with a chilled water inlet of the first-stage lithium bromide refrigerator, a chilled water outlet of the first-stage lithium bromide refrigerator is connected with a chilled water inlet of the second-stage lithium bromide refrigerator, a chilled water outlet of the second-stage lithium bromide refrigerator is connected with an air conditioner water supply pipeline, the cooling water supply pipeline is respectively connected with a cooling water inlet of the first-stage lithium bromide refrigerator and a cooling water return pipeline of the second-stage refrigerator, a bypass outlet of the waste heat water three-way valve is connected with a driving heat source inlet of the first-stage lithium bromide refrigerator, a driving outlet of the first-stage lithium bromide refrigerator is connected with a bypass heat source through a bypass water return pipeline, and the waste heat source is connected with a bypass water return pipeline at a bypass water outlet of the second-stage refrigerator by a bypass valve.
Preferably, the invention further comprises a high-pressure air supply pipeline, a turbine, a gas turbine air supply pipeline, a transmission device and an auxiliary water pump, wherein the high-pressure air supply pipeline is connected with an inlet of the turbine, an outlet of the turbine is connected with the gas turbine through the gas turbine air supply pipeline, a mechanical energy outlet of the turbine is connected with a power inlet of the auxiliary water pump through the transmission device, a water side inlet of the auxiliary water pump is connected with a cooling water outlet of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell, and a water side outlet of the auxiliary water pump is connected with an inlet of the waste heat water three-way valve.
Preferably, the condensing heat exchanger is a corrosion-resistant high-efficiency heat exchanger.
Preferably, the circulating water pump is a variable-frequency water pump.
Preferably, the waste heat water three-way valve and the steam three-way valve are both interlocking control valves.
A method of powering a proton exchange membrane fuel cell with gas turbine waste heat, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) In winter, the flue gas bypass valve is closed, the steam three-way valve is positioned at the direct-current passage position, the waste heat water three-way valve is interlocked to move to the direct-current passage position, at the moment, the primary lithium bromide refrigerator and the secondary lithium bromide refrigerator do not work, and the system conveys heating hot water outwards; the gas turbine works and then discharges the flue gas, the flue gas enters a waste heat boiler to generate steam, the steam enters a lithium bromide absorption heat pump to drive a heat pump to work, condensate water returns to the waste heat boiler to be heated, the flue gas discharged by the waste heat boiler enters a condensing heat exchanger to heat part of a heat supply network to return water, and the utilized flue gas is discharged out of the system; the other part of the heat supply network backwater is sent to a lithium bromide absorption heat pump for heating, and the heated heat supply network water is converged with the heat supply network water flowing out of the condensing heat exchanger and then sent to a user; cooling water of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is pumped to a lithium bromide absorption heat pump by a circulating water pump to serve as a low-temperature heat source, and returns to the proton exchange membrane fuel cell after being cooled, so as to circularly cool the proton exchange membrane fuel cell;
(2) In summer, the flue gas bypass valve is opened, the steam three-way valve is positioned at the bypass passage position, the waste heat water three-way valve is interlocked to act to the bypass passage position, at the moment, the lithium bromide absorption heat pump and the condensing heat exchanger do not work, and the system conveys chilled water outwards; cooling water of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is pumped into a primary lithium bromide refrigerator by a circulating water pump to serve as a driving heat source, and returns to the proton exchange membrane fuel cell after being cooled, so as to circularly cool the proton exchange membrane fuel cell; the gas turbine works and then discharges smoke, the smoke enters the waste heat boiler to generate steam, the steam enters the secondary lithium bromide refrigerator to drive the refrigerator to work, condensed water returns to the waste heat boiler to continue to circularly heat, and the smoke discharged by the waste heat boiler is discharged out of the system through the smoke bypass valve; the air-conditioning water sequentially passes through a primary lithium bromide refrigerator and a secondary lithium bromide refrigerator to be refrigerated, the refrigerated air-conditioning water is sent to a user, meanwhile, cooling water respectively enters the primary lithium bromide refrigerator and the secondary lithium bromide refrigerator to cool the air-conditioning water, and then the cooling water is discharged out of the system;
(3) When the gas turbine works, the turbine works simultaneously, the gas supply pressure of the pipeline is adjusted to a proper value, mechanical energy is output to the auxiliary water pump, and the auxiliary water pump starts to work and bears the circulating work of part of cooling water of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell.
Preferably, the method has the following channels: the natural gas enters a gas turbine to work and then produces and discharges smoke, then enters a waste heat boiler, and then enters a condensing heat exchanger to be discharged to form a gas-smoke channel; the flue gas is discharged from the waste heat boiler and flows out through a flue gas bypass valve to form a flue gas bypass channel; heating backwater is respectively sent into a condensing heat exchanger and a lithium bromide absorption heat pump, and is discharged and then converged to form a heating water heating channel; steam flows out of the waste heat boiler, enters the lithium bromide absorption heat pump through a direct outflow port of the steam three-way valve, and then returns to the waste heat boiler to form a heat pump driving heat source channel; steam flows out of the waste heat boiler, enters the secondary lithium bromide refrigerator through a side-stream outlet of the steam three-way valve, and then returns to the waste heat boiler to form a driving heat source channel of the secondary bromine cooler; the waste heat water flows out of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell, flows through the circulating water pump and the auxiliary water pump respectively, enters the lithium bromide absorption heat pump through the direct outflow port of the waste heat water three-way valve, and then returns to the proton exchange membrane fuel cell to form a primary bromine cooler driving heat source channel; the waste heat water flows out of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell, flows through the circulating water pump and the auxiliary water pump respectively, enters the primary lithium bromide refrigerator through the side flow outlet of the waste heat water three-way valve, and then returns to the proton exchange membrane fuel cell to form a waste heat water driving heat source channel; the air-conditioning water sequentially flows through a primary lithium bromide refrigerator and a secondary lithium bromide refrigerator and is discharged, so that an air-conditioning water refrigerating channel is formed; cooling water enters the primary lithium bromide refrigerator and the secondary lithium bromide refrigerator respectively and is discharged, so that a cooling water channel of the bromine cooler is formed; the turbine transmits mechanical energy to the auxiliary water pump through the transmission device to form a mechanical energy transmission channel.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: 1) The flue gas waste heat with medium and low temperature quality of the gas turbine is utilized step by step, so that the heat pollution is reduced, and the energy utilization efficiency of the system is improved; 2) Waste heat of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell can be fully utilized in winter and summer, and the annual waste heat utilization rate is high; 3) The system can supply heat in winter and cool in summer, has long running time all the year round and high economic benefit; 4) The natural gas pressure is fully utilized to drive the water pump to operate, mechanical energy can be output while the natural gas pressure is reduced, and the comprehensive energy efficiency of the system is further improved; 5) The structure design is reasonable, the conception is unique, the operation is stable, and the reliability is good; 6) The energy utilization efficiency is high, the economic benefit is good, and the system benefit is improved while the heat pollution is eliminated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system for powering a proton exchange membrane fuel cell and gas turbine waste heat in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a gas turbine; 2. a waste heat boiler; 3. a medium temperature flue gas duct; 4. a condensing heat exchanger; 5. a low temperature flue gas duct; 6. a smoke bypass valve; 7. a flue gas bypass duct; 8. a heating return water pipe; 9. a hot water pipeline for utilizing the flue gas waste heat; 10. a heating main pipe; 11. lithium bromide absorption heat pump; 12. a steam three-way valve; 13. a condensate pipe; 14. proton exchange membrane fuel cells; 15. a circulating water pump; 16. a waste water three-way valve; 17. a waste heat water return pipe; 18. air conditioner water return pipeline; 19. a primary lithium bromide refrigerator; 20. a secondary lithium bromide refrigerator; 21. a water supply pipeline of the air conditioner; 22. a cooling water supply pipe; 23. cooling water return pipeline of primary refrigerator; 24. cooling water return pipeline of secondary refrigerator; 25. waste heat bypasses the water return pipeline; 26. condensate bypass return line; 27. a high pressure air supply duct; 28. a turbine; 29. a gas turbine gas supply duct; 30. a transmission device; 31. and an auxiliary water pump.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are illustrative of the present invention and not limited to the following examples.
Referring to fig. 1, a system for supplying power by using proton exchange membrane fuel cell and gas turbine waste heat comprises a gas turbine 1, a waste heat boiler 2, a medium temperature flue gas pipeline 3, a condensing heat exchanger 4, a low temperature flue gas pipeline 5, a flue gas bypass valve 6, a flue gas bypass pipeline 7, a heating return pipeline 8, a flue gas waste heat utilization hot water pipeline 9, a heating main pipe 10, a lithium bromide absorption heat pump 11, a steam three-way valve 12, a condensate pipeline 13, a proton exchange membrane fuel cell 14, a circulating water pump 15, a waste heat water three-way valve 16, a waste heat return pipe 17, an air conditioner return water pipeline 18, a primary lithium bromide refrigerator 19, a secondary lithium bromide refrigerator 20, an air conditioner water supply pipeline 21, a cooling water supply pipeline 22, a primary refrigerator cooling water return pipeline 23, a secondary refrigerator cooling water return pipeline 24, a waste heat bypass return pipeline 25, a condensate bypass return pipeline 26, a high pressure air supply pipeline 27, a turbine 28, a gas turbine air supply pipeline 29, a transmission device 30 and an auxiliary water pump 31. The condensing heat exchanger 4 is an anti-corrosion efficient heat exchanger, the circulating water pump 15 is a variable frequency water pump, and the waste heat water three-way valve 16 and the steam three-way valve 12 are all interlocking control valves.
In this embodiment, a flue gas outlet of a gas turbine 1 is connected with a flue gas inlet of a waste heat boiler 2, a flue gas outlet of the waste heat boiler 2 is connected with a flue gas inlet of a condensing heat exchanger 4 through a medium-temperature flue gas pipeline 3, a flue gas outlet of the condensing heat exchanger 4 is connected with a low-temperature flue gas pipeline 5, an inlet of a flue gas bypass valve 6 is connected with the medium-temperature flue gas pipeline 3, an outlet of the flue gas bypass valve 6 is connected with a flue gas bypass pipeline 7, a heating return pipeline 8 is respectively connected with a water side inlet of the condensing heat exchanger 4 and a heating inlet of a lithium bromide absorption heat pump 11, a water side outlet of the condensing heat exchanger 4 is connected to a heating main pipe 10 through a flue gas waste heat utilization hot water pipeline 9, a heating outlet of the lithium bromide absorption heat pump 11 is connected with the heating main pipe 10, a steam outlet of the waste heat boiler 2 is connected with an inlet of a steam three-way valve 12, a direct outflow port of the steam three-way valve 12 is connected with a driving heat source inlet of the lithium bromide absorption heat pump 11, and a driving heat source outlet of the lithium bromide absorption heat pump 11 is connected with a condensate water inlet of the waste heat pump 2 through a condensate pipeline 13.
In this embodiment, the cooling water outlet of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell 14 is connected to the inlet of the circulating water pump 15, the outlet of the circulating water pump 15 is connected to the inlet of the waste heat water three-way valve 16, the direct outlet of the waste heat water three-way valve 16 is connected to the low-temperature heat source inlet of the lithium bromide absorption heat pump 11, and the low-temperature heat source outlet of the lithium bromide absorption heat pump 11 is connected to the cooling water inlet of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell 14 through the waste heat return pipe 17.
The air-conditioning water return pipe 18 in this embodiment is connected to the chilled water inlet of the primary lithium bromide refrigerator 19, the chilled water outlet of the primary lithium bromide refrigerator 19 is connected to the chilled water inlet of the secondary lithium bromide refrigerator 20, the chilled water outlet of the secondary lithium bromide refrigerator 20 is connected to the air-conditioning water supply pipe 21, the cooling water supply pipe 22 is connected to the cooling water inlet of the primary lithium bromide refrigerator 19 and the cooling water inlet of the secondary lithium bromide refrigerator 20, the cooling water outlet of the primary lithium bromide refrigerator 19 is connected to the primary refrigerator cooling water return pipe 23, the cooling water outlet of the secondary lithium bromide refrigerator 20 is connected to the secondary refrigerator cooling water return pipe 24, the bypass outlet of the waste heat water three-way valve 16 is connected to the driving heat source inlet of the primary lithium bromide refrigerator 19, the driving heat source outlet of the primary lithium bromide refrigerator 19 is connected to the waste heat water return pipe 17 through the waste heat bypass water return pipe 25, the bypass outlet of the steam three-way valve 12 is connected to the driving heat source inlet of the secondary lithium bromide refrigerator 20, and the driving heat source outlet of the secondary lithium bromide refrigerator 20 is connected to the condensate water pipe 13 through the bypass water bypass heat source 26.
The high-pressure air supply pipeline 27 in the embodiment is connected with an inlet of a turbine 28, an outlet of the turbine 28 is connected with the gas turbine 1 through a gas turbine air supply pipeline 29, a mechanical energy outlet of the turbine 28 is connected with a power inlet of an auxiliary water pump 31 through a transmission device 30, a water side inlet of the auxiliary water pump 31 is connected with a cooling water outlet of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell 14, and a water side outlet of the auxiliary water pump 31 is connected with an inlet of a waste heat water three-way valve 16.
The system for supplying energy by using the waste heat of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell and the gas turbine in the embodiment comprises the following channels: the natural gas enters the gas turbine 1 to work and then produces and discharges smoke, then enters the waste heat boiler 2, and then enters the condensing heat exchanger 4 to be discharged to form a gas-smoke channel; the flue gas is discharged from the waste heat boiler 2 and flows out through a flue gas bypass valve 6 to form a flue gas bypass channel; heating backwater is respectively sent into the condensing heat exchanger 4 and the lithium bromide absorption heat pump 11, and is discharged and then converged to form a heating water heating channel; the steam flows out of the waste heat boiler 2, enters the lithium bromide absorption heat pump 11 through a direct outflow port of the steam three-way valve 12, and then returns to the waste heat boiler 2 to form a heat pump driving heat source channel; the steam flows out of the waste heat boiler 2, enters the secondary lithium bromide refrigerator 20 through a side flow outlet of the steam three-way valve 12, and then returns to the waste heat boiler 2 to form a secondary bromine cooler driving heat source channel; the waste heat water flows out of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell 14, respectively flows through the circulating water pump 11 and the auxiliary water pump 31, enters the lithium bromide absorption heat pump 11 through the direct outflow port of the waste heat water three-way valve 16, and then returns to the proton exchange membrane fuel cell 14 to form a primary bromine cooler driving heat source channel; the waste heat water flows out of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell 14, respectively flows through the circulating water pump 11 and the auxiliary water pump 31, enters the primary lithium bromide refrigerator 19 through the side flow outlet of the waste heat water three-way valve 16, and then returns to the proton exchange membrane fuel cell 14 to form a waste heat water driving heat source channel; the air-conditioning water sequentially flows through the primary lithium bromide refrigerator 19 and the secondary lithium bromide refrigerator 20 and is discharged, so that an air-conditioning water refrigerating channel is formed; the cooling water enters the primary lithium bromide refrigerator 19 and the secondary lithium bromide refrigerator 20 respectively and is discharged, so that a bromine cooler cooling water channel is formed; the turbine 28 transmits mechanical energy to the auxiliary water pump 31 through the transmission 30 to form a mechanical energy transmission path.
A method for powering a proton exchange membrane fuel cell and gas turbine waste heat comprising the steps of:
(1) In winter, the flue gas bypass valve 6 is closed, the steam three-way valve 12 is positioned at the position of a direct current passage, the waste heat water three-way valve 16 is interlocked to act to the position of the direct current passage, at the moment, the primary lithium bromide refrigerator 19 and the secondary lithium bromide refrigerator 20 do not work, and the system conveys heating hot water outwards; the gas turbine 1 discharges flue gas after working, the flue gas enters the waste heat boiler 2 to generate steam, the steam enters the lithium bromide absorption heat pump 11 to drive the heat pump to work, condensate water returns to the waste heat boiler 2 to be heated, the flue gas discharged by the waste heat boiler 2 enters the condensing heat exchanger 4 to heat part of heat network backwater, and the utilized flue gas is discharged out of the system; the other part of the heat supply network backwater is sent to the lithium bromide absorption heat pump 11 for heating, and the heated heat supply network backwater is converged with the heat supply network water flowing out of the condensing heat exchanger 4 and then sent to a user; the cooling water of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell 14 is sent to the lithium bromide absorption heat pump 11 by the circulating water pump 15 as a low-temperature heat source, and returns to the proton exchange membrane fuel cell 14 after being cooled, and the proton exchange membrane fuel cell 14 is cooled circularly.
(2) In summer, the flue gas bypass valve 6 is opened, the steam three-way valve 12 is positioned at the bypass position, the waste heat water three-way valve 16 is interlocked to act to the bypass position, at the moment, the lithium bromide absorption heat pump 11 and the condensation heat exchanger 4 do not work, and the system conveys chilled water outwards; the cooling water of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell 14 is sent to a primary lithium bromide refrigerator 19 by a circulating water pump 15 as a driving heat source, and returns to the proton exchange membrane fuel cell 14 after being cooled, and the proton exchange membrane fuel cell 14 is cooled circularly; the gas turbine 1 discharges smoke after working, the smoke enters the waste heat boiler 2 to generate steam, the steam enters the secondary lithium bromide refrigerator 20 to drive the refrigerator to work, condensate water is returned to the waste heat boiler 2 to continue to circularly heat, and the smoke discharged by the waste heat boiler 2 is discharged out of the system through the smoke bypass valve 6; the air-conditioning water sequentially passes through the primary lithium bromide refrigerator 19 and the secondary lithium bromide refrigerator 20 to be refrigerated, the refrigerated air-conditioning water is sent to a user, meanwhile, the cooling water respectively enters the primary lithium bromide refrigerator 19 and the secondary lithium bromide refrigerator 20 to cool the air-conditioning water, and then the cooling water is discharged out of the system.
(3) When the gas turbine 1 is operated, the turbine 28 is operated simultaneously, the pipe gas supply pressure is adjusted to a proper value, and mechanical energy is output to the auxiliary water pump 31, and the auxiliary water pump 31 starts to operate, and the circulation of the cooling water of the partial proton exchange membrane fuel cell 14 is assumed.
In addition, it should be noted that the specific embodiments described in the present specification may vary from part to part, from name to name, etc., and the above description in the present specification is merely illustrative of the structure of the present invention. All equivalent or simple changes of the structure, characteristics and principle according to the inventive concept are included in the protection scope of the present patent. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the described embodiments or substitutions in a similar manner without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.
Claims (6)
1. A system for utilizing proton exchange membrane fuel cell and gas turbine waste heat to power, includes gas turbine, its characterized in that: the system also comprises a waste heat boiler, a medium-temperature flue gas pipeline, a condensing heat exchanger, a low-temperature flue gas pipeline, a flue gas bypass valve, a flue gas bypass pipeline, a heating water return pipeline, a flue gas waste heat utilization hot water pipeline, a heating main pipe, a lithium bromide absorption heat pump, a steam three-way valve and a condensate pipeline, wherein the flue gas outlet of the gas turbine is connected with the flue gas inlet of the waste heat boiler, the flue gas outlet of the waste heat boiler is connected with the flue gas inlet of the condensing heat exchanger through the medium-temperature flue gas pipeline, the flue gas outlet of the condensing heat exchanger is connected with the low-temperature flue gas pipeline, the inlet of the flue gas bypass valve is connected with the medium-temperature flue gas pipeline, the outlet of the flue gas bypass valve is connected with the flue gas bypass pipeline, the heating water return pipeline is connected with the water side inlet of the condensing heat exchanger and the heating inlet of the lithium bromide absorption heat pump respectively, the water side outlet of the condensing heat exchanger is connected to the heating main pipe through the flue gas waste heat utilization hot water pipeline, the heating outlet of the lithium bromide absorption heat pump is connected with the heating main pipe, the steam outlet of the waste heat boiler is connected with the inlet of the steam three-way valve, the outlet of the heat source is connected with the heat pump, and the outlet of the direct heat pump is connected with the lithium bromide absorption heat source through the heat pump;
the system also comprises a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, a circulating water pump, a waste heat water three-way valve and a waste heat return pipe, wherein a cooling water outlet of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is connected with an inlet of the circulating water pump, an outlet of the circulating water pump is connected with an inlet of the waste heat water three-way valve, a direct outflow port of the waste heat water three-way valve is connected with a low-temperature heat source inlet of the lithium bromide absorption heat pump, and a low-temperature heat source outlet of the lithium bromide absorption heat pump is connected with a cooling water inlet of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell through the waste heat return pipe;
the condensing heat exchanger is an anti-corrosion high-efficiency heat exchanger;
the system also comprises an air conditioner water return pipeline, a primary lithium bromide refrigerator, a secondary lithium bromide refrigerator, an air conditioner water supply pipeline, a cooling water supply pipeline, a primary refrigerator cooling water return pipeline, a secondary refrigerator cooling water return pipeline, a waste heat bypass water return pipeline and a condensate bypass water return pipeline, wherein the air conditioner water return pipeline is connected with a chilled water inlet of the primary lithium bromide refrigerator, a chilled water outlet of the primary lithium bromide refrigerator is connected with a chilled water inlet of the secondary lithium bromide refrigerator, a chilled water outlet of the secondary lithium bromide refrigerator is connected with the air conditioner water supply pipeline, the cooling water supply pipeline is respectively connected with a cooling water inlet of the primary lithium bromide refrigerator and a cooling water inlet of the secondary lithium bromide refrigerator, a cooling water outlet of the primary lithium bromide refrigerator is connected with a cooling water return pipeline of the secondary refrigerator, a bypass outlet of the waste heat water three-way valve is connected with a driving heat source inlet of the primary lithium bromide refrigerator, a driving heat source outlet of the primary lithium bromide refrigerator is connected with a bypass heat source through a bypass heat source by-bypass valve, and the bypass water return pipeline is connected with a bypass water return pipeline of the secondary lithium bromide refrigerator, and the bypass water outlet of the bypass water heater is connected with a bypass water outlet of the secondary lithium bromide refrigerator by the bypass water return valve.
2. The system for powering with proton exchange membrane fuel cell and gas turbine waste heat of claim 1, wherein: the system also comprises a high-pressure air supply pipeline, a turbine, a gas turbine air supply pipeline, a transmission device and an auxiliary water pump, wherein the high-pressure air supply pipeline is connected with an inlet of the turbine, an outlet of the turbine is connected with the gas turbine through the gas turbine air supply pipeline, a mechanical energy outlet of the turbine is connected with a power inlet of the auxiliary water pump through the transmission device, a water side inlet of the auxiliary water pump is connected with a cooling water outlet of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell, and a water side outlet of the auxiliary water pump is connected with an inlet of the waste heat water three-way valve. .
3. The system for powering with proton exchange membrane fuel cell and gas turbine waste heat of claim 1, wherein: the circulating water pump is a variable-frequency water pump.
4. The system for powering with proton exchange membrane fuel cell and gas turbine waste heat of claim 1, wherein: the waste heat water three-way valve and the steam three-way valve are both interlocking control valves.
5. A system implementation method for supplying power by using waste heat of proton exchange membrane fuel cell and gas turbine according to claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) In winter, the flue gas bypass valve is closed, the steam three-way valve is positioned at the direct-current passage position, the waste heat water three-way valve is interlocked to move to the direct-current passage position, at the moment, the primary lithium bromide refrigerator and the secondary lithium bromide refrigerator do not work, and the system conveys heating hot water outwards; the gas turbine works and then discharges the flue gas, the flue gas enters a waste heat boiler to generate steam, the steam enters a lithium bromide absorption heat pump to drive a heat pump to work, condensate water returns to the waste heat boiler to be heated, the flue gas discharged by the waste heat boiler enters a condensing heat exchanger to heat part of a heat supply network to return water, and the utilized flue gas is discharged out of the system; the other part of the heat supply network backwater is sent to a lithium bromide absorption heat pump for heating, and the heated heat supply network water is converged with the heat supply network water flowing out of the condensing heat exchanger and then sent to a user; cooling water of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is pumped to a lithium bromide absorption heat pump by a circulating water pump to serve as a low-temperature heat source, and returns to the proton exchange membrane fuel cell after being cooled, so as to circularly cool the proton exchange membrane fuel cell;
(2) In summer, the flue gas bypass valve is opened, the steam three-way valve is positioned at the bypass passage position, the waste heat water three-way valve is interlocked to act to the bypass passage position, at the moment, the lithium bromide absorption heat pump and the condensing heat exchanger do not work, and the system conveys chilled water outwards; cooling water of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is pumped into a primary lithium bromide refrigerator by a circulating water pump to serve as a driving heat source, and returns to the proton exchange membrane fuel cell after being cooled, so as to circularly cool the proton exchange membrane fuel cell; the gas turbine works and then discharges smoke, the smoke enters the waste heat boiler to generate steam, the steam enters the secondary lithium bromide refrigerator to drive the refrigerator to work, condensed water returns to the waste heat boiler to continue to circularly heat, and the smoke discharged by the waste heat boiler is discharged out of the system through the smoke bypass valve; the air-conditioning water sequentially passes through a primary lithium bromide refrigerator and a secondary lithium bromide refrigerator to be refrigerated, the refrigerated air-conditioning water is sent to a user, meanwhile, cooling water respectively enters the primary lithium bromide refrigerator and the secondary lithium bromide refrigerator to cool the air-conditioning water, and then the cooling water is discharged out of the system;
(3) When the gas turbine works, the turbine works simultaneously, the gas supply pressure of the pipeline is adjusted to a proper value, mechanical energy is output to the auxiliary water pump, and the auxiliary water pump starts to work and bears the circulating work of part of cooling water of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein: the method has the following channels: the natural gas enters a gas turbine to work and then produces and discharges smoke, then enters a waste heat boiler, and then enters a condensing heat exchanger to be discharged to form a gas-smoke channel; the flue gas is discharged from the waste heat boiler and flows out through a flue gas bypass valve to form a flue gas bypass channel; heating backwater is respectively sent into a condensing heat exchanger and a lithium bromide absorption heat pump, and is discharged and then converged to form a heating water heating channel; steam flows out of the waste heat boiler, enters the lithium bromide absorption heat pump through a direct outflow port of the steam three-way valve, and then returns to the waste heat boiler to form a heat pump driving heat source channel; steam flows out of the waste heat boiler, enters the secondary lithium bromide refrigerator through a side-stream outlet of the steam three-way valve, and then returns to the waste heat boiler to form a driving heat source channel of the secondary bromine cooler; the waste heat water flows out of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell, flows through the circulating water pump and the auxiliary water pump respectively, enters the lithium bromide absorption heat pump through the direct outflow port of the waste heat water three-way valve, and then returns to the proton exchange membrane fuel cell to form a primary bromine cooler driving heat source channel; the waste heat water flows out of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell, flows through the circulating water pump and the auxiliary water pump respectively, enters the primary lithium bromide refrigerator through the side flow outlet of the waste heat water three-way valve, and then returns to the proton exchange membrane fuel cell to form a waste heat water driving heat source channel; the air-conditioning water sequentially flows through a primary lithium bromide refrigerator and a secondary lithium bromide refrigerator and is discharged, so that an air-conditioning water refrigerating channel is formed; cooling water enters the primary lithium bromide refrigerator and the secondary lithium bromide refrigerator respectively and is discharged, so that a cooling water channel of the bromine cooler is formed; the turbine transmits mechanical energy to the auxiliary water pump through the transmission device to form a mechanical energy transmission channel.
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| CN110440239B (en) * | 2019-08-22 | 2024-06-14 | 华北电力大学 | Deep recovery device and method for waste heat and moisture of exhaust gas of power station boiler |
| CN112065602A (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2020-12-11 | 西安石大能源股份有限公司 | Heat recycling device for vented combustible gas |
| CN114811950A (en) * | 2022-07-01 | 2022-07-29 | 雄川氢能科技(广州)有限责任公司 | Heat pump system for recovering waste heat of fuel cell power generation system |
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