CN115385733A - Composite water-retaining agent for compost mixture and application thereof - Google Patents
Composite water-retaining agent for compost mixture and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115385733A CN115385733A CN202210612532.5A CN202210612532A CN115385733A CN 115385733 A CN115385733 A CN 115385733A CN 202210612532 A CN202210612532 A CN 202210612532A CN 115385733 A CN115385733 A CN 115385733A
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- water
- retaining agent
- natural mineral
- mineral material
- compost
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- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 238
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 128
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 125
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 161
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 161
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 161
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 147
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims description 151
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000011148 calcium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052625 palygorskite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920005614 potassium polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium polyacrylate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C=C NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004113 Sepiolite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052624 sepiolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019355 sepiolite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 3
- USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium acetate Chemical compound N.CC(O)=O USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005695 Ammonium acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940043376 ammonium acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019257 ammonium acetate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960000892 attapulgite Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- VSGNNIFQASZAOI-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium acetate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O VSGNNIFQASZAOI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001639 calcium acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960005147 calcium acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011092 calcium acetate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052900 illite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- UEGPKNKPLBYCNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium acetate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O UEGPKNKPLBYCNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011654 magnesium acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011285 magnesium acetate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940069446 magnesium acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011147 magnesium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- VGIBGUSAECPPNB-UHFFFAOYSA-L nonaaluminum;magnesium;tripotassium;1,3-dioxido-2,4,5-trioxa-1,3-disilabicyclo[1.1.1]pentane;iron(2+);oxygen(2-);fluoride;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[F-].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[K+].[K+].[K+].[Fe+2].O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2 VGIBGUSAECPPNB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001495 poly(sodium acrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003109 potassium Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019794 sodium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 206010016807 Fluid retention Diseases 0.000 abstract description 63
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 19
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 49
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 16
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 7
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006065 biodegradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920002126 Acrylic acid copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- OMOVVBIIQSXZSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [6-(4-acetyloxy-5,9a-dimethyl-2,7-dioxo-4,5a,6,9-tetrahydro-3h-pyrano[3,4-b]oxepin-5-yl)-5-formyloxy-3-(furan-3-yl)-3a-methyl-7-methylidene-1a,2,3,4,5,6-hexahydroindeno[1,7a-b]oxiren-4-yl] 2-hydroxy-3-methylpentanoate Chemical compound CC12C(OC(=O)C(O)C(C)CC)C(OC=O)C(C3(C)C(CC(=O)OC4(C)COC(=O)CC43)OC(C)=O)C(=C)C32OC3CC1C=1C=COC=1 OMOVVBIIQSXZSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920006237 degradable polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005411 Van der Waals force Methods 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004103 aerobic respiration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/10—Addition or removal of substances other than water or air to or from the material during the treatment
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of water retention of compost mixtures, and discloses a composite water-retaining agent for compost mixtures and application thereof. The composite water-retaining agent comprises the following components: a water-retaining agent A, a water-retaining agent B, a natural mineral material A and a natural mineral material B; the water-retaining agent A is an inorganic salt water-retaining agent; the water-retaining agent B is a polymer water-retaining agent; the natural mineral material A is a natural mineral material with a loose porous structure; the natural mineral material B is a natural mineral material with a lamellar structure; the water retaining agent A and/or the water retaining agent B are partially or completely attached to the surface of the natural mineral material A and/or the natural mineral material B. The composite water-retaining agent is prepared by compounding an inorganic salt water-retaining agent, a polymer water-retaining agent, a natural mineral material with a loose porous structure and a natural mineral material with a lamellar structure, can generate a synergistic effect in a compost mixture, better plays roles in water absorption and water retention and stabilizes the water content in the compost mixture.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water retention of compost mixtures, in particular to a composite water-retaining agent for compost mixtures and application thereof.
Background
The sustainable development of economic society is restricted by 'white pollution', the fundamental reason is the irregular use of a large number of plastic products, and the development and use of degradable polymers are important methods for solving the 'white pollution', and the development and use of degradable polymers are widely concerned in recent years. The degradation evaluation methods are various, such as soil degradation, compost degradation, water degradation and the like. Wherein, aerobic biodegradation under the controlled composting condition is a method for judging the biodegradation performance of materials, degradation standards based on controlled composting are established in a number of countries and regions, including ISO 14855, GB/T19277, ASTM D5388, EN 14046, and the like.
In the aerobic composting degradation process, an aerobic composting system is sensitive to the water content, the water is evaporated by a composting environment with higher temperature, or brought in or out by air flow, can cause the moisture content of the composting system to change. The activity of the microorganisms in the compost can be influenced by higher or lower water content, if higher water content is higher, the aerobic respiration of the microorganisms can be inhibited, and if lower water content is lower, the respiration of the microorganisms can be weakened, so that the degradation rate data fluctuation is caused. Even if the water content can be adjusted by stage water supplement or aeration, the long-term stability of the composting system is difficult to guarantee. Therefore, if the water retention of the compost mixture can be improved, when a compost degradation test is carried out, the change of the water content of the system in the test process can be reduced, the compost degradation environment is stabilized, and the aerobic biodegradation conclusion under the controlled compost condition is more accurate and credible; when the method is applied to aerobic compost degradation, the moisture content of a compost degradation system is favorably controlled at a proper level, and the degradation efficiency is further improved.
At present, there are few reports about water-retaining agents for compost mixtures at home and abroad, water-retaining agents used in other applications are not suitable for stabilizing the water content of compost mixtures during the degradation of the compost. For example, patent CN201710732787.4 discloses a preparation method for a coking soil improver, wherein a water retention agent is added to enhance the water retention of soil, and the water retention agent is polyacrylamide or starch-acrylic acid copolymer or polyacrylate polymer or corn starch-acrylic acid copolymer or polyacrylic acid potassium salt-polyacrylic acid amide copolymer. When the inventors are concerned that the water-retaining agents of this patent, when used in compost mixtures, the water retention effect is not good because: the compost mixture mainly comprises substances such as compost, sea sand and the like, and the polymer water-retaining agent has poor dispersibility in the compost mixture and is easy to gather to the bottom, so that the water content in the compost mixture is not uniformly distributed; in addition, the polymer water retention agent can absorb water depending on high osmotic pressure caused by the concentration difference between the polymer water retention agent and the outside, so that the water absorption capacity of the water retention agent in a compost mixture with high inorganic salt content is poor, and the water retention effect of the water retention agent is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a composite water-retaining agent for a compost mixture and application thereof, aiming at solving the technical problem that the water-retaining effect of the existing water-retaining agent in the compost mixture is poor. The composite water-retaining agent is prepared by compounding an inorganic salt water-retaining agent, a polymer water-retaining agent, a natural mineral material with a loose porous structure and a natural mineral material with a lamellar structure, can generate synergistic effect in the compost mixture, better play the roles of water absorption and water retention and stabilize the water content in the compost mixture.
The specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a composite water-retaining agent for a compost mixture, which comprises the following components: a water-retaining agent A, a water-retaining agent B, a natural mineral material A, a natural mineral material B; the water-retaining agent A is an inorganic salt water-retaining agent; the water-retaining agent B is a polymer water-retaining agent; the natural mineral material A is porous a natural mineral material of porous structure; the natural mineral material B is a natural mineral material with a lamellar structure; the water retaining agent A and/or the water retaining agent B are partially or completely attached to the surface of the natural mineral material A and/or the natural mineral material B.
The inventor team combines theoretical analysis and experimental research to find that different water absorbing and retaining materials have different characteristics in water absorbing and retaining properties, and can play a synergistic effect in a compost mixture when the water absorbing and retaining materials with specific properties are matched for use. Based on the discovery, the invention selects four types with specific properties from water-absorbing and water-retaining materials, namely an inorganic salt water-retaining agent (water-retaining agent A), a polymer water-retaining agent (water-retaining agent B), a natural mineral material (natural mineral material A) with a loose porous structure and a natural mineral material (natural mineral material B) with a lamellar structure, and compounds the four types of materials to prepare the composite water-retaining agent, which can be mutually matched to generate a synergistic effect of '1+1 > 2', plays a better role in absorbing and storing water in a compost mixture, and is beneficial to reducing the change of the water content in the compost mixture during the degradation of the compost, and the specific mechanism is as follows:
1) Between the natural mineral material a and the natural mineral material B: the natural mineral material A with a loose porous structure mainly utilizes the pore structure of the surface to absorb moisture in a physical adsorption mode; in the natural mineral material B with the lamellar structure, layers are connected through hydrogen bonds or Van der Waals force, the layer spacing is very small when the natural mineral material B is dried, the layer gaps can be filled with a large amount of water after the natural mineral material B meets water, the layer spacing is increased, and the mineral substance volume is macroscopically increased, so that water absorption is realized. Therefore, the natural mineral material A has stronger adsorption force to water but smaller water absorption capacity; the natural mineral material B has excellent water absorbing and retaining effects in pure water, but the water absorbing effect in salt solution is greatly reduced, and the compost usually contains a large amount of organic matters and soluble inorganic salts, and the filtrate necessarily contains a large amount of inorganic salts. The composite water-retaining agent and the preparation method combine the natural mineral material A and the natural mineral material B for use, the natural mineral material A can quickly absorb moisture from the outside, and the natural mineral material B transfers and stores the moisture from the natural mineral material A.
2) Between the water-retaining agent A and the water-retaining agent B: the inorganic salt water retention agent (water retention agent A) realizes the absorption and retention of water by forming bound water; the polymer water-retaining agent (water-retaining agent B) realizes the absorption and storage of water through high osmotic pressure formed by the ion concentration difference between the polymer water-retaining agent B and the outside. Therefore, the water-retaining agent B has better water storage capacity, but has poorer water absorption capacity in a compost mixture containing more soluble inorganic salt; the water-retaining agent A has stronger water absorption capacity, but the water storage capacity is inferior to that of the water-retaining agent B, and when the water-retaining agent A is used in an excessive amount, salinization is easily caused, so that a compost mixture is hardened. The invention combines the two components for use, and the composite water-retaining agent has better water absorption and storage capacity.
3) Between the water-retaining agent and the natural mineral material: the water retention agent A and the water retention agent B have stronger water retention capacity, but in a compost mixture taking substances such as compost, sea sand and the like as main bodies, the water retention agent A and the water retention agent B have poorer dispersibility and are easy to gather at the bottom, so that the difference of the water content of different layers in the compost mixture is larger; the natural mineral material A and the natural mineral material B have good dispersibility in the compost mixture, but have relatively poor water retention capacity, and are easy to cause water loss. The water-retaining agent A, B and the natural mineral material A, B are compounded, and the former is attached to the surface of the latter, so that the dispersibility of the water-retaining agent A, B can be improved by utilizing the natural mineral material A, B, and the water-retaining agent A, B is prevented from being gathered to the bottom, so that the water in the compost mixture is uniformly distributed while a good water-retaining effect is realized.
Preferably, the natural mineral material a comprises one or more of vermiculite, sepiolite, zeolite, diatomaceous earth, fly ash, palygorskite and attapulgite.
Preferably, the natural mineral material B comprises one or more of montmorillonite, bentonite, kaolin and illite.
Preferably, the water-retaining agent A comprises one or more of ammonium acetate, calcium acetate, magnesium acetate, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, sodium silicate, sodium chloride and magnesium sulfate.
Preferably, the water-retaining agent B comprises one or more of polyacrylamide, sodium polyacrylate, potassium polyacrylate, ammonium polyacrylate, starch modified sodium polyacrylate, starch modified potassium polyacrylate and starch modified ammonium polyacrylate.
Preferably, the molecular weight of the water-retaining agent B is 500 to 200000.
When the molecular weight of the water-retaining agent B is too large, molecular chains of the water-retaining agent B are too long, and the molecular chains are easy to tangle, so that part of hydrophilic functional groups are wrapped in the water-retaining agent B, the utilization rate of the hydrophilic functional groups is reduced, and the water-retaining agent B is difficult to play a good water-retaining effect; when the molecular weight of the water retaining agent B is too small, the molecular chain is too short, the number of useless end groups is increased, the proportion of hydrophilic functional groups with the water retaining effect is reduced, and the water retaining capability of the water retaining agent B is reduced.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the water retaining agent A to the water retaining agent B is 1 (2.3-15), the mass ratio of the natural mineral material A to the natural mineral material B is 1 (0.6-3.5), and the ratio of the total mass of the natural mineral material A and the natural mineral material B to the total mass of the water retaining agent A and the water retaining agent B is 1 (0.03-1.1).
Based on the synergism mechanism in the compound water-retaining agent, the inventor team discovers that the synergistic effect can all be influenced by the ratio of two water-retaining agents, the ratio of two natural mineral materials, the ratio of water-retaining agent and natural mineral material, and then influences the effect of the stable compost mixture moisture content of compound water-retaining agent, specifically:
1) The proportion of the two water-retaining agents is as follows: when the mass ratio of the water-retaining agent A to the water-retaining agent B is too large, the water storage effect of the composite water-retaining agent is poor, the osmotic pressure difference between the water-retaining agent B and the outside is too small, and the water absorption capacity of the water-retaining agent B is reduced; when the mass ratio of the water-retaining agent A to the water-retaining agent B is too small, the water absorption capacity of the composite water-retaining agent is poor, and the effect of stabilizing the water content of the compost mixture by the composite water-retaining agent is also adversely affected.
2) The proportion of two natural mineral materials is as follows: when the mass ratio of the natural mineral material A to the natural mineral material B is too large, the water absorption capacity of the composite water-retaining agent is too low; when the mass ratio of the natural mineral material A to the natural mineral material B is too small, the natural mineral material B is difficult to rapidly absorb a large amount of water from the outside and store the water, and the effect of the composite water-retaining agent on stabilizing the water content of the compost mixture is poor.
3) The proportion of the water-retaining agent (water-retaining agent A and water-retaining agent B) to the natural mineral material (natural mineral material A and natural mineral material B) is as follows: when the ratio of the total mass of the water-retaining agent to the total mass of the natural mineral material is too large, a large amount of the water-retaining agent is not attached to the surface of the natural mineral material, and the water-retaining agent is easy to gather at the bottom of the compost mixture, so that the difference of the water content of different layers of the compost mixture is large; when the ratio of the total mass of the water-retaining agent to the total mass of the natural mineral material is too small, the water-retaining capacity of the composite water-retaining agent is poor, and the water in the compost mixture is easy to lose.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a compost mixture comprising the composite water retaining agent.
Preferably, the contents of the water-retaining agent A, the water-retaining agent B, the natural mineral material A and the natural mineral material B in the compost mixture are 0.03 to 4.5wt%, 0.07 to 10.5wt%, 6 to 14wt% and 8 to 21wt%, respectively.
The inventor pays attention to the fact that the contents of the four components, namely the water retaining agent A, the water retaining agent B, the natural mineral material A and the natural mineral material B can affect the water retaining effect or the water retaining effect gain in the research process, and only when the contents of the four components are controlled within a proper range, the good water retaining effect and the high water retaining effect gain can be achieved.
Preferably, the compost mixture further comprises compost, sea sand and water; in the compost mixture, the contents of compost and sea sand are 20-45 wt% and 15-40 wt%, respectively.
In a third aspect, the invention provides a method for preparing the compost mixture, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Stirring and mixing the compost and the sea sand to obtain a primary blend;
(2) Adding the water-retaining agent A, the water-retaining agent B, the natural mineral material A and the natural mineral material B into the primary blend, and stirring and mixing to obtain a secondary blend;
(3) And adding water into the secondary blend, and stirring and mixing to obtain a compost mixture.
In the blending process, the water-retaining agents A and B can be attached to the surfaces of the natural mineral materials A and B by utilizing the larger specific surface areas of the natural mineral materials A and B, hydrogen bonds formed between the water-retaining agent A and the surfaces of the natural mineral materials A and B after water is combined by the water-retaining agent A, and hydrogen bonds formed between groups such as amido, hydroxyl, carboxyl and the like in the water-retaining agent B and the surfaces of the natural mineral materials A and B, so that the dispersibility of the water-retaining agents is improved by utilizing the natural mineral materials, and the distribution of the water content in the compost mixture is more uniform.
Preferably, in the step (1), the rotation speed of stirring and mixing is 50-70 rpm, and the time is 5-10 min; in the step (2), the rotation speed of stirring and mixing is 50-70 rpm, and the time is 5-10 min.
Preferably, in the step (3), the rotation speed of the stirring and mixing is 110 to 130rpm, and the time is 10 to 15min.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) Four types of water-absorbing and water-retaining materials (namely a water-retaining agent A, a water-retaining agent B, a natural mineral material A and a natural mineral material B) with specific properties are compounded, so that a synergistic effect of '1+1 > 2' can be generated by mutual matching in the compost mixture, the water content of the compost mixture is better stabilized, and the change of the water content in the degradation process of the compost is reduced;
(2) The composite water-retaining agent has a good water-retaining effect, can effectively stabilize the water content of the compost mixture and has high water-retaining effect gain by controlling the proportion of the two water-retaining agents, the proportion of the two natural mineral materials, the proportion of the water-retaining agents and the natural mineral materials and the content of each water-retaining agent and the natural mineral material in the compost mixture within a certain range.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
General examples
A composite water-retaining agent for a compost mixture comprises the following components: a water-retaining agent A, a water-retaining agent B, a natural mineral material A and a natural mineral material B. The water retaining agent A and/or the water retaining agent B are partially or completely attached to the surface of the natural mineral material A and/or the natural mineral material B. The mass ratio of the water-retaining agent A to the water-retaining agent B is 1: (2.3-15), the mass ratio of the natural mineral material A to the natural mineral material B is 1 (0.6-3.5), and the mass ratio of the total mass of the natural mineral material A and the natural mineral material B to the total mass of the water retaining agent A and the water retaining agent B is 1 (0.03-1.1).
The water-retaining agent A is an inorganic salt water-retaining agent and comprises one or more of ammonium acetate, calcium acetate, magnesium acetate, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, sodium silicate, sodium chloride and magnesium sulfate.
The water-retaining agent B is a polymer water-retaining agent, comprises one or more of polyacrylamide, sodium polyacrylate, potassium polyacrylate, ammonium polyacrylate, starch modified sodium polyacrylate, starch modified potassium polyacrylate and starch modified ammonium polyacrylate, and the molecular weight is 500-200000.
The natural mineral material A is a natural mineral material with a loose porous structure, comprises one or more of vermiculite, sepiolite, zeolite, diatomite, fly ash, palygorskite and attapulgite.
The natural mineral material B is a natural mineral material with a lamellar structure and comprises one or more of montmorillonite, bentonite, kaolin and illite.
A compost mixture comprising the composite water-retaining agent, compost, sea sand and water; in the compost mixture, the contents of the compost and the sea sand are respectively 20-45 wt% and 15-40 wt%, and the contents of the water-retaining agent A, the water-retaining agent B, the natural mineral material A and the natural mineral material B are respectively 0.03-4.5 wt%, 0.07-10.5 wt%, 6-14 wt% and 8-21 wt%.
The preparation method of the compost mixture comprises the following steps:
(1) Stirring and mixing the compost and the sea sand for 5-10 min at the rotating speed of 50-70 rpm to obtain a primary blend;
(2) Adding the water-retaining agent A, the water-retaining agent B, the natural mineral material A and the natural mineral material B into the primary blend, and stirring and mixing at the rotating speed of 50-70 rpm for 5-10 min to obtain a secondary blend;
(3) And adding water into the secondary blend, stirring and mixing at the rotating speed of 110-130 rpm for 10-15 min to obtain a compost mixture.
Example 1
Preparing a compost mixture by:
(1) Weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of compost, 25 parts of sea sand, 14 parts of natural mineral substance A (consisting of 6 parts of vermiculite and 8 parts of fly ash), 21 parts of natural mineral substance B (consisting of 10 parts of montmorillonite and 11 parts of bentonite), 0.03 part of water-retaining agent A (calcium chloride), 0.07 part of water-retaining agent B (polyacrylamide with molecular weight of 80000) and 9.9 parts of pure water;
(2) Stirring the compost and the sea sand for 6min at room temperature by using a stirrer at the rotating speed of 60rpm, and uniformly mixing to obtain a primary blend;
(3) Adding vermiculite, fly ash, montmorillonite, bentonite, calcium chloride and polyacrylamide into the primary blend, and stirring for 6min at the rotating speed of 60rpm by using a stirrer at room temperature to uniformly mix the materials to obtain a secondary blend;
(4) Pure water was added to the secondary blend, and stirred at 120rpm for 15min with a stirrer at room temperature to mix them uniformly, to obtain a compost mixture.
Examples 2 to 7
The compost mixtures of examples 2-7 were prepared according to the procedure in example 1. The only difference from example 1 is that the types and amounts of the natural mineral material a, the natural mineral material B, the water retaining agent a and the water retaining agent B, and the amounts of the compost, sea sand, and pure water were changed according to table 1.
TABLE 1
Test example 1
The compost mixtures obtained in examples 1 to 7 were subjected to a water retention test by the following method: compost degradation is carried out under the condition of light-tight environment with strong oxygen supply at 58 +/-2 ℃, namely industrial compost, the water content of the upper layer, the middle layer and the lower layer of the compost mixture is detected at one week and two weeks respectively, and the result is shown in a table 2.
TABLE 2
1 Initial water content: i.e. the content of pure water in all the raw materials of the compost mixture.
Data analysis and conclusions:
(1) As can be seen from examples 1, 4, and 7 and examples 2, 3, 5, and 6, when the content of the water retention agent a, the water retention agent B, the natural mineral material a, and the natural mineral material B in the compost mixture is controlled to be in the range of 0.03 to 4.5wt%, 0.07 to 10.5wt%, 6 to 14wt%, and 8 to 21wt%, respectively, a good water retention effect and a high yield of the water retention effect can be achieved, and a change in any one of these factors may affect the water retention effect or the yield of the water retention effect.
(2) The content of the natural mineral material a in example 1 and example 2 was 14% and 20%, respectively, and example 2 increased by 42.86% compared to example 1, while the amount of water lost in one week (i.e., first week to second week) was reduced by only 8 to 30%, indicating that when the content of the natural mineral material a was too large, the water retention effect was too low, i.e., the increase in the amount of the natural mineral material a had a small effect of improving the water retention effect.
(3) The content of the water retention agent A in the example 4 and the example 5 is 4.5 percent and 6 percent respectively, and the water retention effect of the example 5 is obviously lower than that of the example 4, which shows that when the dosage of the water retention agent A is too large, the water retention effect of the composite water retention agent is too poor. The reason is that: the excessive use amount of the water-retaining agent A can cause the salinization of the compost mixture to cause hardening, and further cause the water content of the compost mixture to be greatly reduced.
Example 8
Preparing a compost mixture by:
(1) Weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 32 parts of compost, 23 parts of sea sand, 13.5 parts of natural mineral substance A (consisting of 6 parts of vermiculite and 7.5 parts of sepiolite), 9 parts of natural mineral substance B (consisting of 5 parts of montmorillonite and 4 parts of bentonite), 4 parts of water-retaining agent A (consisting of 1.5 parts of sodium chloride and 2.5 parts of magnesium sulfate), 3 parts of water-retaining agent B (polyacrylamide with molecular weight of 500) and 15.5 parts of pure water;
(2) Stirring the compost and the sea sand for 5min at room temperature by using a stirrer at the rotating speed of 70rpm to uniformly mix the compost and the sea sand to obtain a primary blend;
(3) Adding vermiculite, fly ash, montmorillonite, bentonite, calcium chloride and polyacrylamide into the primary blend, and stirring for 5min at the rotating speed of 70rpm by using a stirrer at room temperature to uniformly mix the mixture to obtain a secondary blend;
(4) Pure water was added to the secondary blend, and stirred at room temperature with a stirrer at a rotation speed of 110rpm for 15min to uniformly mix them, to obtain a compost mixture.
Example 9
Preparing a compost mixture by:
(1) Weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 39 parts of compost, 29 parts of sea sand, 7.5 parts of natural mineral A (diatomite), 7.5 parts of natural mineral B (bentonite), 1.8 parts of water-retaining agent A (consisting of 1 part of calcium chloride and 0.8 part of sodium silicate), 2.5 parts of water-retaining agent B (polyacrylamide with molecular weight of 200000) and 12.7 parts of pure water;
(2) Stirring the compost and the sea sand for 10min at room temperature by using a stirrer at the rotating speed of 50rpm to uniformly mix the compost and the sea sand to obtain a primary blend;
(3) Adding vermiculite, fly ash, montmorillonite, bentonite, calcium chloride and polyacrylamide into the primary blend, stirring for 10min at room temperature by a stirrer at the rotating speed of 50rpm to uniformly mix the components to obtain a secondary blend;
(4) Pure water was added to the secondary blend, and the mixture was stirred at 130rpm for 10min with a stirrer at room temperature to be uniformly mixed, to obtain a compost mixture.
Example 10
The compost mixture of example 10 was prepared according to the procedure in example 8. The only difference from example 8 is that polyacrylamide having a molecular weight of 500 is replaced by polyacrylamide having a molecular weight of 300.
Example 11
The compost mixture of example 11 was prepared according to the procedure in example 9. The only difference from example 9 is that polyacrylamide with molecular weight 200000 is replaced by polyacrylamide with molecular weight 250000.
Test example 2
The water retentivity of the compost mixtures obtained in examples 8 to 11 was measured in accordance with the method of test example 1, and the results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3
Data analysis and conclusions:
(1) The molecular weights of the polyacrylamides used in example 8 and example 10 are 500 and 300, respectively, and it can be seen from table 3 that the water retention effect of example 10 is significantly lower than that of example 8, which indicates that when the molecular weight of the water retention agent B is too small, the water content distribution in the compost mixture is not uniform. The reason is that: when the molecular weight of the water-retaining agent B is too small, the molecular chain is too short, the number of useless end groups is increased, the proportion of hydrophilic functional groups with the water-retaining effect is reduced, and the water-retaining capacity of the water-retaining agent B is reduced.
(2) The molecular weights of the polyacrylamides used in examples 9 and 11 are 200000 and 250000 respectively, and it can be seen from table 3 that the water retention effect of example 11 is significantly lower than that of example 9, which indicates that when the molecular weight of water retention agent B is too large, the water retention effect of the composite water retention agent is poor. The reason is that: when the molecular weight of the water-retaining agent B is too large, molecular chains of the water-retaining agent B are too long, and the molecular chains are easily tangled, so that part of hydrophilic functional groups are wrapped in the water-retaining agent B, the utilization rate of the hydrophilic functional groups is reduced, and the water-retaining agent B is difficult to play a good water-retaining effect.
Examples 12 to 19
Compost mixtures of examples 12-19 were prepared according to the procedure in example 1. The only difference from example 1 is that the types and amounts of the natural mineral material a, the natural mineral material B, the water retaining agent a and the water retaining agent B, and the amounts of compost, sea sand, pure water were changed according to table 4.
TABLE 4
Test example 4
The water retentivity of the compost mixtures obtained in comparative examples 1 to 6 was measured in accordance with the method of test example 1, and the results are shown in Table 5.
TABLE 5
Data analysis and conclusions:
(1) In examples 12 to 15, the mass ratios of the water retaining agent a to the water retaining agent B are 1.3, 1, 14.7, 1.3 and 1. As can be seen from Table 5, the water retention effect of example 12 is significantly better than that of example 14, and the water retention effect of example 13 is significantly better than that of example 15, which shows that too large or too small mass ratio of the water retaining agents A and B can adversely affect the water retention effect of the composite water retaining agent. The reason is that: when the mass ratio of the water-retaining agent A to the water-retaining agent B is too large, the water storage effect of the composite water-retaining agent is poor, and the osmotic pressure difference between the water-retaining agent B and the outside is too small, so that the water absorption capacity of the water-retaining agent B is reduced; when the mass ratio of the water-retaining agent A to the water-retaining agent B is too small, the water absorption capacity of the composite water-retaining agent is poor, and the effect of stabilizing the water content of the compost mixture by the composite water-retaining agent is also adversely affected.
(2) In examples 12, 13, 16 and 17, the mass ratio of the natural mineral material a to the natural mineral material B was 1. As can be seen from Table 5, the water retention effect of example 12 is significantly better than that of example 16, and the water retention effect of example 13 is significantly better than that of example 17, which shows that too large or too small mass ratio of the natural mineral materials A and B can adversely affect the water retention effect of the composite water retention agent. The reason is that: when the mass ratio of the natural mineral material A to the natural mineral material B is too large, the water absorption capacity of the composite water-retaining agent is too low; when the mass ratio of the natural mineral material A to the natural mineral material B is too small, the natural mineral material B is difficult to rapidly absorb a large amount of water from the outside and store the water, and the effect of the composite water-retaining agent on stabilizing the water content of the compost mixture is poor.
(3) In examples 12, 13, 18 and 19, the ratio of the total mass of the natural mineral material A, B to the total mass of the water retaining agent A, B is 1.03, 1.1, 1, 0.004 and 1. As can be seen from Table 5, the water retention effect of example 12 is significantly better than that of example 18, and the difference in water content of each layer of example 13 is significantly lower than that of example 19, which shows that too large or too small a mass ratio of the natural mineral material to the water retention agent can adversely affect the water retention effect of the composite water retention agent. The reason is that: when the mass ratio of the natural mineral material to the water-retaining agent is too small, a large amount of water-retaining agent is not attached to the surface of the natural mineral material, and the water-retaining agent is easy to gather at the bottom of the compost mixture, so that the difference of the water content of different layers of the compost mixture is large; when the mass ratio of the natural mineral material to the water-retaining agent is too large, the water-retaining capacity of the composite water-retaining agent is poor, and the water in the compost mixture is easy to lose.
Comparative examples 1 to 6
Compost mixtures of comparative examples 1-6 were prepared according to the procedure in example 7. The only difference from example 7 is that the amounts of natural mineral material A, natural mineral material B, water retaining agent A and water retaining agent B were changed according to Table 6.
TABLE 6
Test example 4
The water retentivity of the compost mixtures obtained in comparative examples 1 to 6 was measured in accordance with the method of test example 1, and the results are shown in Table 7.
TABLE 7
Data analysis and conclusions:
(1) The total amount of the natural mineral materials a and B was the same in example 7, comparative example 1 and comparative example 2, and the natural mineral materials a and B were used in example 7, only the natural mineral material a was used in comparative example 1, and only the natural mineral material B was used in comparative example 2. As can be seen from Table 7, the water retention effect of example 7 is significantly better than that of comparative examples 1 and 2, indicating that a synergistic effect of "1+1 > 2" can be produced between natural mineral materials A and B. The reason is that: the natural mineral material A has stronger adsorption force to water but smaller water absorption capacity; the natural mineral material B has excellent water-absorbing and water-retaining effects in pure water, but has a greatly reduced water-absorbing capacity in compost having a high inorganic salt content. When the composite water-retaining agent and the compost mixture are used in combination, the natural mineral material A can quickly absorb moisture from the outside, and then the natural mineral material B transfers and stores the moisture from the natural mineral material A.
(2) The total amount of water retaining agents a and B used in example 7, comparative example 3 and comparative example 4 was the same, and water retaining agents a and B were used in example 7, only water retaining agent a was used in comparative example 3 and only water retaining agent B was used in comparative example 4. As can be seen from Table 7, the water retention effect of example 7 is significantly better than that of comparative examples 3 and 4, indicating that a synergistic effect of "1+1 > 2" can be produced between the water retention agents A and B. The reason is that: the water-retaining agent B has better water storage capacity, but has poorer water absorption capacity in a compost mixture containing more soluble inorganic salt; the water-retaining agent A has stronger water absorbing capacity, but the water-retaining capacity is inferior to that of the water-retaining agent B, and when the water-retaining agent A is used in an excessive amount, salinization is easily caused, so that a compost mixture is hardened. When the composite water-retaining agent and the composite water-retaining agent are used in combination, the composite water-retaining agent has better water absorption and storage capacity, so that the water content in the compost mixture is better stabilized.
(3) The total amount of the natural mineral material (including the natural mineral materials a and B) and the water retaining agent (including the water retaining agents a and B) is the same in example 7, comparative example 5 and comparative example 6, the natural mineral material and the water retaining agent are used in example 7, only the natural mineral material is used in comparative example 5, and only the water retaining agent is used in comparative example 6. As can be seen from Table 7, the water retention effect of example 7 is significantly better than that of comparative example 5, and the difference in water retention between the upper, middle and lower three layers is significantly smaller than that of comparative example 6, indicating that a synergistic effect of "1+1 > 2" can be produced between the natural mineral material and the water retention agent. The reason is that: the water retention capacity of the water retention agent is strong, but the water retention agent has poor dispersibility in a compost mixture and is easy to gather at the bottom, so that the difference of the water content among all layers is large; the natural mineral materials have good dispersibility in compost mixtures, but relatively poor water retention capacity, and are prone to water loss. When the water-retaining agent is compounded with the natural mineral material and the water-retaining agent is attached to the surface of the latter, the natural mineral material can be utilized to improve the dispersibility of the water-retaining agent and prevent the water-retaining agent from gathering to the bottom, so that the water in the compost mixture is uniformly distributed while a better water-retaining effect is realized.
The raw materials and equipment used in the invention are common raw materials and equipment in the field if not specified; the methods used in the present invention are conventional in the art unless otherwise specified.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and any simple modifications, alterations and equivalent changes made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention still belong to the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The composite water-retaining agent for the compost mixture is characterized by comprising the following components: a water-retaining agent A, a water-retaining agent B, a natural mineral material A and a natural mineral material B; the water-retaining agent A is an inorganic salt water-retaining agent; the water-retaining agent B is a polymer water-retaining agent; the natural mineral material A is a natural mineral material with a loose porous structure; the natural mineral material B is a natural mineral material with a lamellar structure; the water retaining agent A and/or the water retaining agent B are partially or completely attached to the surface of the natural mineral material A and/or the natural mineral material B.
2. The composite water retaining agent of claim 1, wherein:
the natural mineral material A comprises one or more of vermiculite, sepiolite, zeolite, diatomite, fly ash, palygorskite and attapulgite; and/or
The natural mineral material B comprises one or more of montmorillonite, bentonite, kaolin and illite; and/or
The water-retaining agent A comprises one or more of ammonium acetate, calcium acetate, magnesium acetate, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, sodium silicate, sodium chloride and magnesium sulfate; and/or
And the water retaining agent B comprises one or more of polyacrylamide, sodium polyacrylate, potassium polyacrylate, ammonium polyacrylate, starch modified sodium polyacrylate, starch modified potassium polyacrylate and starch modified ammonium polyacrylate.
3. The composite water-retaining agent according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the molecular weight of the water-retaining agent B is 500 to 200000.
4. The composite water-retaining agent according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the mass ratio of the water-retaining agent A to the water-retaining agent B is 1 (2.3 to 15), the mass ratio of the natural mineral material A to the natural mineral material B is 1 (0.6 to 3.5), and the ratio of the total mass of the natural mineral material A and the natural mineral material B to the total mass of the water-retaining agent A and the water-retaining agent B is 1 (0.03 to 1.1).
5. A compost mixture comprising the composite water retention agent of any of claims 1~4.
6. A compost mixture as claimed in claim 5, wherein the contents of said water-retaining agent A, said water-retaining agent B, said natural mineral material A and said natural mineral material B in said compost mixture are respectively 0.03 to 4.5wt%, 0.07 to 10.5wt%, 6 to 14wt% and 8 to 21wt%.
7. A compost mixture as claimed in claim 5 or claim 6, further comprising compost, sea sand and water; in the compost mixture, the contents of compost and sea sand are respectively 20 to 45wt% and 15 to 40wt%.
8. A method of making a compost mixture as claimed in any of claims 5~7 comprising the steps of:
(1) Stirring and mixing the compost and the sea sand to obtain a primary blend;
(2) Adding the water-retaining agent A, the water-retaining agent B, the natural mineral material A and the natural mineral material B into the primary blend, and stirring and mixing to obtain a secondary blend;
(3) And adding water into the secondary blend, and stirring and mixing to obtain a compost mixture.
9. The preparation method according to claim 8, wherein in the step (1), the rotation speed of stirring and mixing is 50 to 70rpm, and the time is 5 to 10min; in the step (2), the rotation speed of stirring and mixing is 50 to 70rpm, and the time is 5 to 10min.
10. The preparation method according to claim 8, wherein in the step (3), the rotation speed of stirring and mixing is 110 to 130rpm, and the time is 10 to 15min.
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