CN115385634A - Multi-scale multi-level steel-renewable plant fiber-nano fibrillated cellulose reduction anti-crack concrete and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Multi-scale multi-level steel-renewable plant fiber-nano fibrillated cellulose reduction anti-crack concrete and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 title description 3
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229920001046 Nanocellulose Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B14/38—Fibrous materials; Whiskers
- C04B14/48—Metal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/18—Waste materials; Refuse organic
- C04B18/24—Vegetable refuse, e.g. rice husks, maize-ear refuse; Cellulosic materials, e.g. paper, cork
- C04B18/248—Vegetable refuse, e.g. rice husks, maize-ear refuse; Cellulosic materials, e.g. paper, cork from specific plants, e.g. hemp fibres
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/18—Waste materials; Refuse organic
- C04B18/24—Vegetable refuse, e.g. rice husks, maize-ear refuse; Cellulosic materials, e.g. paper, cork
- C04B18/26—Wood, e.g. sawdust, wood shavings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/34—Non-shrinking or non-cracking materials
- C04B2111/343—Crack resistant materials
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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Abstract
The invention provides a multi-scale multi-layer steel-renewable plant fiber-nano fibrillated cellulose shrinkage-reducing and crack-resisting concrete which comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 215-225 parts of water, 300-450 parts of cement, 18-43 parts of fly ash, 550-700 parts of natural river sand, 850-1150 parts of continuous graded broken stone, 6.0-6.9 parts of water reducing agent, 80-90 parts of steel fiber, 5.5-5.8 parts of sisal fiber and 0.67-0.70 part of nano-cellulose; the length of the steel fiber is 1-6cm, and the length of the sisal fiber is 5-15mm. The three-dimensional network structure formed by the steel fibers and the sisal fibers can support aggregate, and the nanocellulose can increase the generation of high-density cement-based C-S-H gel, so that the concrete is more compact, the macroscopic-nanoscopic multi-scale reinforced concrete is formed, and the problem of early shrinkage cracking of the concrete is radically solved. The three fibers improve the tensile strength of the concrete at different levels and different scales, reduce shrinkage and improve the crack resistance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of concrete materials, and particularly relates to multi-scale multi-layer steel-renewable plant fiber-nano fibrillated cellulose shrinkage-reducing anti-crack concrete and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Early shrinkage cracking of concrete is a long standing problem in engineering practice. Shrinkage cracks inevitably occur in the early stage of concrete setting and hardening due to the influence of cement hydration and environmental temperature, and the micro cracks can be expanded into macro cracks after bearing load, so that the durability of an engineering structure is seriously influenced, particularly in offshore engineering. Once macro cracks appear, erosion media can invade into the concrete to accelerate the corrosion of stressed steel bars, so that an effective mode is urgently needed to reduce the early shrinkage cracking of the concrete and improve the durability of the concrete.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem of early shrinkage cracking of concrete, the invention provides multi-scale multi-layer steel-renewable plant fiber-nano fibrillated cellulose shrinkage-reducing anti-cracking concrete and a preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the multi-scale multi-layer steel-renewable plant fiber-nano fibrillated cellulose shrinkage-reducing and crack-resisting concrete comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 215-225 parts of water, 300-450 parts of cement, 18-43 parts of fly ash, 550-700 parts of natural river sand, 850-1150 parts of continuous graded broken stone, 6.0-6.9 parts of water reducing agent, 80-90 parts of steel fiber, 5.5-5.8 parts of sisal fiber and 0.67-0.70 part of nano-cellulose; the length of the steel fiber is 1-6cm, and the length of the sisal fiber is 5-15mm.
Furthermore, the steel fiber adopts 35mm length end hook-shaped steel fiber with the diameter of 0.55mm and the tensile strength>1150N/mm 2 (MPa), elastic modulus 200GPa; the sisal fiber is first-grade sisal fiber with length of 15mm and density of 1.4g/cm 3 0.4mmm in diameter and 470N/mm in tensile strength 2 (MPa), modulus of elasticity 25GPa; nanocellulose, density 1.05g/cm 3 Length greater than 1000nm, width 5-100nm, and tensile strength 222-233N/mm 2 (MPa), and the shear viscosity is 30-5000mPa.s.
The nanocellulose uses nanofibrillated cellulose produced from wood pulp.
The cement is P.O 42.5R ordinary portland cement.
The fly ash is first-grade fly ash with the density of 2.3g/cm 3 。
The particle size of the continuous graded crushed stone is 5-20mm.
The water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent.
The preparation method of the multi-scale multi-level steel-renewable plant fiber-nano fibrillated cellulose shrinkage-reducing and crack-resisting concrete comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing water, cement, fly ash, natural river sand, continuous graded broken stone, a water reducing agent, steel fiber, sisal fiber and nano cellulose;
s2, uniformly mixing the nano cellulose (NFC) with water;
s3, uniformly mixing the cement, the fly ash, the natural river sand and the continuous graded broken stone, then adding the steel fibers and the sisal fibers, uniformly mixing, finally adding a mixture of a water reducing agent, the nano-cellulose and water, and stirring to a viscous non-laitance state to obtain the multi-scale multi-level steel-renewable plant fiber-nano-fibrillated cellulose shrinkage-reduction anti-cracking concrete.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
(1) The bridging effect of the two fibers with different elastic moduli in the concrete, and the combined action of the entanglement of the sisal fibers and the steel fibers can improve the compressive strength and the tensile strength of the concrete, thereby obviously reducing the early shrinkage cracking of the concrete.
(2) The nano-cellulose is uniformly distributed in an interface area between the cement paste and the aggregate, so that the cement paste and the aggregate can be in good contact, the hydration reaction is promoted, and the porosity and the pore size are reduced. The increase in the degree of hydration also reduces the porosity of the cement slurry to some extent. In addition, the generation of high-density cement-based C-S-H gel can be increased, the concrete is more compact, the combination between the polymer and the cement matrix is better, and the compressive strength of the concrete is further improved.
(3) On the basis of the steel fiber concrete, the plant fibers with the same volume are adopted to replace the steel fibers, so that the environment is protected, the economic cost is effectively reduced, and the volume weight of the concrete is also effectively reduced.
(4) The three fibers improve the tensile strength of the concrete at different levels and different scales, reduce shrinkage and improve the crack resistance. The steel fiber with centimeter-level length, the sisal fiber with millimeter-level length and the nano-fibrillated cellulose with nano-level length are respectively arranged at the concrete layer (10) -1 m)/mortar level (10) -2 m)/grout level (10) -6 m to 10 -4 m) reinforcing and toughening each layer and section interface of the concrete, namely, the multi-scale fiber multi-layer reinforced concrete material improves the tensile strength of the concrete matrix, resists or limits cracks and improves the durability of the concrete structure.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph comparing the free shrinkage strain values of the multi-scale multi-layer steel-renewable plant fiber-nano fibrillated cellulose shrinkage-reduction anti-crack concrete prepared in example 1 and a comparative test piece with time.
Fig. 2 is a comparison graph of the total length of cracks of the multi-scale steel multi-layer-renewable plant fiber-nanofibrillated cellulose shrinkage-reduction crack-resistant concrete and the comparative test piece prepared in example 1.
FIG. 3 is a graph comparing the free shrinkage strain values of the multi-scale multi-layered steel-renewable plant fiber-nano fibrillated cellulose shrinkage-reducing anti-crack concrete prepared in example 2 and the comparative test piece with time.
Fig. 4 is a graph comparing the change of strain value of free shrinkage with time for the multi-scale multi-layered steel-renewable plant fiber-nano fibrillated cellulose shrinkage-reducing anti-crack concrete prepared in example 2 and a comparative test piece.
Fig. 5 is a graph comparing the number of cracks in the multi-scale multi-layered steel-renewable plant fiber-nanofibrillated cellulose shrinkage-reduction crack-resistant concrete prepared in example 2 and the comparative test pieces.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples.
In the examples, the steel fiber is 35mm length BEKAERT hook-end steel fiber, 35mm length, 0.55mm diameter, and tensile strength>1150N/mm 2 (MPa), elastic modulus 200 GPa.
The sisal fiber is first grade sisal fiber produced by Guangxi Longzhou strong hemp industry Co., ltd, and has a length of 15mm and a density of 1.4g/cm 3 0.4mmm in diameter and 470N/mm in tensile strength 2 (MPa), elastic modulus 25GPa.
Nano-cellulose Nano-fibrillated cellulose produced based on bleached softwood kraft pulp as a raw material by Zhongshan Nao fibril New Material Co., ltd, and having a density of 1.05g/cm 3 Length greater than 1000nm, width 5-100nm, and tensile strength 222-233N/mm 2 (MPa), and the shear viscosity is 30-5000mPa.s. The method for optimizing the TEMPO induced oxidation pretreatment condition by adopting the response surface method comprises the steps of carrying out TEMPO oxidation pretreatment on cellulose under the optimized process condition, then carrying out mechanical grinding, and finally preparing the Nano Fibrillated Cellulose (NFC).
Example 1
The multi-scale multi-layer steel-renewable plant fiber-nano fibrillated cellulose reduction anti-crack concrete provided by the embodiment is prepared from water, cement, fly ash, natural river sand, continuous graded broken stone, a water reducing agent, steel fiber, sisal fiber and nano cellulose in a mass ratio of 220:405:45: 636.5:995.5:6.4:85.8:5.6: 0.68.
Preparation volume of 0.024m 3 The multi-scale and multi-level steel-renewable plant fiber-nano fibrillated cellulose shrinkage-reducing anti-crack concrete: mixing 16.32g of nano-cellulose and 5.28Kg of water in advance; firstly, 15.28Kg of natural river sand and 23.9Kg of continuous graded broken stone are added into a forced stirrer to be stirred for 2min, and the rotating speed of the stirrer is controlled at 45 revolutions per minute; then adding 9.72Kg of P.O 42.5R ordinary portland cement and 1.08Kg of fly ash into the stirrer in sequence and stirring for 2min, wherein the rotating speed of the stirrer is controlled at 45 revolutions per minute; then 2.05Kg of steel fiber and 0.14KG of sisal fiber are added into a stirrer to be stirred for 2min, and the rotating speed of the stirrer is controlled at 45 revolutions per minute; and finally, mixing 153.6g of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent with water premixed with nano-cellulose, adding the mixture into a stirrer, stirring for 2min, controlling the rotating speed of the stirrer at 45 revolutions per minute, and discharging to obtain the multi-scale multi-layer steel-renewable plant fiber-nano-fibrillated cellulose shrinkage-reduction anti-cracking concrete serving as the target material.
Filling the prepared shrinkage-reducing anti-cracking concrete into a cubic mould with the side length of 100mm multiplied by 400mm, placing the cubic mould on a vibrating table for vibrating for 30s, scraping the concrete at the top of the mould, covering a preservative film, then carrying the test piece into a closed indoor environment with the temperature of 20 ℃ and the humidity of 25% RH, removing the mould after 7h, smearing vaseline on the surface of the concrete test piece after removing the templates around the mould, and completely wrapping the surface of the concrete test piece by using tinfoil to prevent the water exchange between the test piece and the outside. The test piece number sf1.1ff0.4NFC0.15 was obtained. There are comparative test pieces with the general concrete number N0, the single-doped nanocellulose concrete number NFC0.15 (preparation method same as sf1.1ff0.4NFC0.15, but no sisal fibers and steel fibers), and the double-doped sisal fibers and steel fibers concrete number sf1.1ff0.4 (preparation method same as sf1.1ff0.4NFC0.15, but no nanocellulose). Finally, the 7d early-age shrinkage final value of SF1.1FF0.4NFC0.15 is greatly reduced, and 24h cracking phenomenon does not occur, the 28-day splitting tensile strength is improved by 50% compared with that of common concrete, and the 28-day flexural strength is improved by 47% compared with that of common concrete. As can be seen from the comparison graph of the total crack length in fig. 2, the crack lengths of the steel fiber-sisal fiber-NFC triple-doped reinforced concrete and the steel fiber-sisal fiber double-doped concrete are both significantly smaller than those of the common concrete.
Example 2
The multi-scale multi-level steel-renewable plant fiber-nano fibrillated cellulose shrinkage-reduction anti-crack concrete provided by the invention is prepared from water, cement, fly ash, natural river sand, continuous graded broken stone, a water reducing agent, steel fiber, sisal fiber and nano cellulose in a mass ratio of 220:405:45: 636.5:995.5:6.4:85.8:5.6: 0.68.
Preparation volume was 0.0227m 3 The multi-scale and multi-level steel-renewable plant fiber-nano fibrillated cellulose shrinkage-reduction anti-crack concrete is prepared by mixing 15.44g of nano cellulose and 4.99Kg of water in advance; firstly, 14.45Kg of natural river sand and 22.6Kg of continuous graded broken stone are added into a forced stirrer to be stirred for 2min, and the rotating speed of the stirrer is controlled at 45 revolutions per minute; then adding 9.19Kg of P.O 42.5R ordinary portland cement and 1.02Kg of fly ash into the stirrer in sequence, and stirring for 2min, wherein the rotating speed of the stirrer is controlled at 45 revolutions per minute; then adding 1.95 Kg of steel fiber and 0.13Kg of sisal fiber into the stirrer to stir for 2min, wherein the rotating speed of the stirrer is controlled at 45 revolutions per minute; and finally, mixing 145.3g of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent and water premixed with nano-cellulose, adding the mixture into a stirrer, stirring for 2min, controlling the rotating speed of the stirrer at 45 revolutions per minute, and discharging to obtain the target material multi-scale multi-layer steel-renewable plant fiber-nano-fibrillated cellulose shrinkage-reduction anti-cracking concrete.
Filling the prepared shrinkage-reducing anti-cracking concrete into a cubic mould with the side length of 600mm multiplied by 63mm, placing the cubic mould on a vibrating table for vibrating for 30s, scraping the concrete at the top of the mould, covering a preservative film, then moving the test piece into a closed indoor environment with the temperature of 20 ℃ and the humidity of 25 percent RH, removing the mould after 7h, smearing vaseline on the surface of the concrete test piece after removing the templates around the mould, and completely wrapping the surface of the concrete test piece with tinfoil to prevent the test piece from exchanging moisture with the outside. Test pieces with the number of sf1.1ff0.4nfc0.15, comparative test pieces with the number of normal concrete with the number of N0, single-blended nanocellulose concrete with the number of NFC0.15 (the preparation method is the same as sf1.1ff0.4NFC0.15, but no sisal fibers and steel fibers), single-blended steel fiber concrete with the number of SF1.5 (the preparation method is the same as sf1.1ff0.4NFC0.15, but no sisal fibers and nanocellulose and the volume doping amount of steel fibers is 1.5%), double-blended sisal fibers and nanocellulose concrete with the number of ff0.4nfc0.15 (the preparation method is the same as sf1.1ff0.4NFC0.15, but no steel fibers), double-blended sisal fibers and steel fibers concrete with the number of sf1.1ff0.4 (the preparation method is the same as sf1.1ff0.4NFC0.15, but no nanocellulose) were obtained. Finally, 24-hour cracking of SF1.1FF0.4NFC0.15 is not generated, and as can be seen from the attached drawings 3 and 4, compared with common concrete, the SF1.1FF0.4NFC0.15 early-age free shrinkage strain value is greatly reduced and is lower than that of single-doped steel fiber concrete, double-doped sisal fiber and NFC concrete, the 28-day axial compressive strength is improved by 38.4% compared with that of common concrete, and the method is suitable for engineering structures with higher crack control grades. The number of cracks is compared in table 1.
TABLE 1 plate cracking results
Claims (6)
1. The multi-scale multi-level steel-renewable plant fiber-nano fibrillated cellulose shrinkage-reducing anti-crack concrete is characterized in that: the composite material comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 215-225 parts of water, 300-450 parts of cement, 18-43 parts of fly ash, 550-700 parts of natural river sand, 850-1150 parts of continuous graded broken stone, 6.0-6.9 parts of water reducing agent, 80-90 parts of steel fiber, 5.5-5.8 parts of sisal fiber and 0.67-0.70 part of nano cellulose; the length of the steel fiber is 1-6cm, and the length of the sisal fiber is 5-15mm.
2. The method of claim 1A multi-scale and multi-level steel-renewable plant fiber-nano fibrillated cellulose shrinkage-reducing anti-crack concrete is characterized in that: the steel fiber is 35mm long hooked steel fiber with diameter of 0.55mm and tensile strength>1150N/mm 2 Elastic modulus 200GPa; the sisal fiber is first grade sisal fiber with length of 15mm and density of 1.4g/cm 3 0.4mmm in diameter and 470N/mm in tensile strength 2 The elastic modulus is 25GPa; nanocellulose, density 1.05g/cm 3 Length greater than 1000nm, width 5-100nm, and tensile strength 222-233N/mm 2 And the shear viscosity is 30-5000mPa.s.
3. The multi-scale multi-layer steel-renewable plant fiber-nanofibrillated cellulose shrinkage-reducing crack-resistant concrete according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the nano-cellulose is nano-fibrillated cellulose produced by wood pulp.
4. The multi-scale multi-level steel-renewable plant fiber-nanofibrillated cellulose shrinkage-reducing crack-resistant concrete according to claim 1, wherein: the particle size of the continuous graded crushed stone is 5-20mm.
5. The multi-scale multi-level steel-renewable plant fiber-nanofibrillated cellulose shrinkage-reducing crack-resistant concrete according to claim 1, wherein: the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent.
6. The preparation method of the multi-scale multi-layer steel-renewable plant fiber-nanofibrillated cellulose shrinkage-reducing and crack-resisting concrete according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, uniformly mixing nano-cellulose with water;
s2, uniformly mixing cement, fly ash, natural river sand and continuous graded broken stone, then adding steel fibers and sisal fibers, uniformly mixing, finally adding a mixture of a water reducing agent, nano-cellulose and water, and stirring to a viscous non-laitance state to obtain the multi-scale multi-level steel-renewable plant fiber-nano fibrillated cellulose shrinkage-reduction anti-cracking concrete.
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| CN116535159A (en) * | 2023-04-21 | 2023-08-04 | 浙江工业大学 | Method for inhibiting alkali-aggregate reaction of concrete |
Citations (6)
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