CN110357528A - A kind of nano silica and steel fiber reinforced concrete - Google Patents
A kind of nano silica and steel fiber reinforced concrete Download PDFInfo
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- CN110357528A CN110357528A CN201910643418.7A CN201910643418A CN110357528A CN 110357528 A CN110357528 A CN 110357528A CN 201910643418 A CN201910643418 A CN 201910643418A CN 110357528 A CN110357528 A CN 110357528A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of nano silica and steel fiber reinforced concretes, belong to inorganic polymeric material field, the concrete includes following raw material: 150-180 parts of aggregate, 40-45 parts of cement, 0.1-4 parts of water-reducing agent, 5-10 parts of flyash, 15-25 parts of water and 1-5wt% volume Nano-meter SiO_22With the steel fibre of volume outside 0.5-2.5% volume；The present invention adds the fiber of specific quantity in concrete and nano material can prepare advanced composite material (ACM)-fiber reinforcement nano-concrete, which has the features such as ductility is high, and density is good, and durability is good, meet deck paving concrete required properties.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to inorganic polymeric material fields, more particularly to a kind of nano silica and Stainless-steel fibre coagulation
Soil.
Background technique
Cement concrete possesses the unexistent advantage of a lot of other materials as widest construction material.Such as intensity
It is high, machinability is good, water stability and thermal stability are good, raw material resources are abundant is convenient for mixing, high therefore in airport roadway
Grade bridge etc., which achieves, to be widely applied.In road application aspect, external cement concrete pavement is in high-grade highway
Occupy very big specific gravity, the U.S. reaches 30%, and Japan also reaches 25%, and Belgium up to 50% opens up in use
Show excellent pavement performance and reaches design service life.In recent years, Chinese high-grade cement concrete pavement takes
Certain development was obtained, but accounting is still very low.In terms of bridge is mated formation, with a large amount of construction of high-grade highway, bridge
Engineering development is rapid, and by the end of the end of the year 2017, China shares highway bridge 83.25 ten thousand, 5225.62 myriametres, but bridge floor is spread
Dress is most of to use bituminous concrete, and the advantageous property of cement concrete cannot get good application in terms of deck paving.Study carefully
Its reason is primarily due to cement concrete itself with brittle, the drawbacks such as bending tensile strength deficiency.During use,
There is phenomena such as plate that largely breaks, corner is destroyed, and Cement Concrete Pavement Maintenance is compared with bituminous pavement difficulty, maintenance cost
Height, therefore concrete is limited in the application of Bridges on Highway pave-load layer.
In the early-stage development of concrete, interested in people and the emphasis of research is all the strength problem of concrete, people
Generally believe that intensity height can the good application in bridges in highway engineering.But as the research to concrete is gradually deep
Enter, while the requirement in terms of road-ability and durability is also gradually increased in people, at this point, domestic and foreign scholars start to mixed
The various pavement performances for coagulating soil are studied, and mainly have salt resistance jelly, resistant abrasion and resisting chloride ion penetration etc..On the one hand since early stage is to water
Not comprehensive enough and thorough, the understanding that another aspect people influence harsh environment on concrete of cement concrete pavement performance research
Deficiency is not focused on conserving and be repaired after building up, deck paving of concrete is caused a large amount of problems occur.
The drawback that cement concrete itself property is crisp and tensile strength is low greatly limits its application in bridge deck pavement,
In order to solve this problem, the invention proposes the schemes that Composite is carried out to concrete material, have prepared novel bridge floor paving
Dress uses concrete.
Summary of the invention
To solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of nano silica and steel are fine
Dimension enhancing concrete, adds steel fibre and Nano-meter SiO_2 in concrete2Advanced composite material (ACM)-fiber reinforcement can be prepared to receive
Rice concrete, the concrete have the features such as ductility is high, and density is good, and durability is good, meet deck paving concrete and wanted
Seek performance.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides following schemes:
The present invention provides a kind of nano silica and steel fiber reinforced concrete, including following original in parts by weight
Material: 150-180 parts of aggregate, 40-45 parts of cement, 0.1-4 parts of water-reducing agent, 5-10 parts of flyash, 15-25 parts of water；
And volume is the Nano-meter SiO_2 of 1-5wt%2The steel fibre for being 0.5-2.5% with volume volume.
Further, the steel fibre is as the outer volume incorporation of volume.
Further, the aggregate includes fine aggregate and coarse aggregate, and the mass ratio of the fine aggregate and coarse aggregate is 1:
1.3-1.6。
Further, the fine aggregate includes natural river sand, Machine-made Sand, quartz sand.
Further, the fine aggregate is natural river sand.
Further, the coarse aggregate is the continuous grading rubble that partial size is 4.75mm to 26.5mm.
Further, the water-reducing agent is liquid high efficiency water reducing agent.
The invention discloses following technical effects:
The present invention mixes the nanometer two of different volumes volume using cement, flyash and coarse-fine aggregate as main raw material(s)
Silica and steel fibre finally prepare fibre reinforced concrete of good performance.
Nano material is made of, its own has as the brand-new material quickly grown the fine particle of Nano Particle
Good filing effect, active effect, micro aggregate effect, mix Nano-meter SiO_2 in concrete2, can be increased mixed with filling pore
The density of soil is coagulated, early strength of concrete is improved, improves inner microstructure.Steel fibre can play in concrete
The effect of " bridge tie ", limitation external force are lauched the extension in crack in mud base.Initial stage, concrete (are drawn, curved) in load-bearing
Matrix and steel fibre bear external force jointly, prevent the extension of micro crack and the generation of macrocrack；After base-material cracks,
The person of being primarily subjected to for becoming external force across the fiber in crack, prevents the further development of macrocrack.The addition pole of fibrous material
Performance is drawn in the bending resistance for improving cement concrete greatly, solves the brittle disadvantage of concrete, while also improving concrete antifreezing,
The performances such as impervious.Add steel fibre and Nano-meter SiO_2 simultaneously in normal concrete2Can make both has excellent mechanical performances,
Again with the deck paving concrete of increased durability.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is 3 Nano-meter SiO_2 of the embodiment of the present invention2With steel fiber reinforced concrete moulding process figure.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described,
Obviously, described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based in the present invention
Embodiment, every other embodiment obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts, all
Belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
1 nano silica of embodiment and steel fiber reinforced concrete raw material
Prepared in the present invention nano silica and steel fiber reinforced concrete raw material mainly have the good rubble of gradation,
River sand, cement, Nano-meter SiO_22, steel fibre, high efficiency water reducing agent, flyash and water, raw materials all technical all meet
It is required that design parameter and Testing index are as follows:
(1) cement
The cement that experimental study of the present invention uses is the PI42.5 rotary kiln silicic acid of Shandong Lu Cheng Cement Co., Ltd production
Salt cement, the key technical indexes detected value are as shown in table 1:
1 cement the key technical indexes of table
(2) flyash
The flyash that experimental study of the present invention uses is level-one flyash, and every Testing index is as shown in table 2:
2 flyash the key technical indexes of table
(3) fine aggregate
Construction material fine aggregate mainly has natural river sand, Machine-made Sand, quartz sand.Institute's concrete batching of the present invention is high property
Energy concrete, so selecting fine aggregate is the good natural river sand of gradation, main physical indexes are shown in Table 3:
3 river sand the key technical indexes of table
(4) coarse aggregate
Coarse aggregate is the various graded broken stones that skeleton or filling effect are played in concrete, the general name of cobble.Mixed
The accounting of coarse aggregate is very big in solidifying soil, and maximum can achieve 75% or more, therefore the various performances of coarse aggregate directly influence newly
The various performances of mixed concrete, selecting partial size in the present invention is the continuous grading rubble of 4.75mm to 26.5mm, is mainly examined
Survey index such as table 4:
4 graded broken stone the key technical indexes of table
(5) water-reducing agent
The one kind of water-reducing agent as concrete admixture passes through peptizaiton, lubricating action, steric hindrance in concrete
The slow releasing function of effect and graft copolymerization branch improves the working performance of concrete, reduces water consumption, reduces cement consumption.Diminishing
The type of agent is more, and also there are many classification methods.Ordinary water-reducing agent and high efficiency water reducing agent, root can be divided into according to its water-reducing effect
According to its form, liquid and powdery can be divided into.Early-strength, latent, research work of air entrained type can also be divided into according to the effect in addition to diminishing
Deng.With the promotion of concrete technology and the raising to concrete requirement, water-reducing agent has become indispensable in concrete
Ingredient.It is liquid high efficiency water reducing agent that the present invention, which selects water-reducing agent, and product quality meets national standard, the key technical indexes such as table
5:
5 water-reducing agent the key technical indexes of table
(6) water
The present invention is Zhengzhou City's tap water with water, and water sample detection result meets concrete water requirement, every testing result
It is shown in Table 6:
6 water main indicator testing result of table
(7) steel fibre
Fibrous material is many kinds of, is widely used in building field, wherein most with steel fibre application.Construction(al)steel fiber
It is primarily referred to as to cut off steel wire, cold rolling shearing, steel ingot milling and molten steel condense the draw ratio of four kinds of methods preparation in certain model
Enclose interior fiber.Present invention test is using the milling type steel fibers of Zhengzhou Yu Jian steel fibre company production, and all technical is such as
Table 7:
7 steel fibre the key technical indexes of table
(8) nano silica
The present invention uses the Nano-meter SiO_2 of ten thousand scape new material company of Zhejiang Hangzhou production2, important technological parameters such as table 8:
8 Nano-meter SiO_2 of table2The key technical indexes
2 nano silica of embodiment and steel fiber reinforced concrete mix-design
Present invention test is that Nano-meter SiO_2 is added in concrete2And steel fibre, both research volume is to concrete road
The influence of energy, including basic mechanical performance, shock resistance, Anti-Chloride Ion Penetration, anti-freezing property.It is set according to research
It counts, the fixed water-cement ratio of selection, sand coarse aggregate ratio, only single change Nano-meter SiO_22Volume and volume content of steel fibers.
Experimental evidence mix Design regulation of the present invention, design basis concrete crushing strength grade are C45.It receives
Rice SiO2Replace cement according to 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5% quality such as ratio；Keep Nano-meter SiO_22Volume is 3%, steel fibre
Concrete is mixed as volume outside volume according to 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0%, 2.5% ratio.
The dosage of each material such as table 9 in every cubic meter of concrete.
9 1m of table3Concrete material table,
The meaning of test number AB-CD in table 9 are as follows: front two AB represents the volume of nanosized SiO_2, and rear two CD represent steel
The volume of fiber.Such as it is 3% that the meaning of 03-15, which is nanosized SiO_2 volume, the concrete that volume content of steel fibers is 1.5%.
The preparation process of embodiment 3 nano silica and steel fiber reinforced concrete
Concrete is to influence its intensity and other property as made of cement, sand, stone, water, additive mix by a certain percentage
The reason of energy is main, and there are two aspects.One is the quality of raw material, above tests to raw materials, original used
Material is qualified；Second it is concrete construction process and process control, and key whether success of the test.Steel fibre and nanometer
SiO2Enhance in concrete preparation process, Nano-meter SiO_22With the evenly dispersed key point for being to ensure that concrete quality of steel fibre,
It is the basis that concrete has good characteristic.
In order to guarantee the evenly dispersed of fiber and nano material, need to select suitable adding mode and sequence.For this
Steel fibre used is invented, to guarantee that its is evenly dispersed, when selecting that blender is added in dry mixing final stage, while increasing stirring
Between.For Nano-meter SiO_22, there are mainly two types of adding modes: one is by nano material, cement, flyash etc. mix, according to
The adding mode of cementitious material mixes, while extending mixing time；Before another kind is mixing, first by nano material be added to the water into
Row stirring, is uniformly mixed, and is then added in blender mixture.Multiple trial the result shows that, on the basis of second method,
Nano material and water-reducing agent are added to the water together and are stirred, is uniformly mixed, is added in concrete with water later, not only
Preferable dispersion effect can be obtained, and reduces adherency of the blender inner wall to nano material.
The stirring of concrete of the present invention uses pressure type horizontal mixer, mixing process are as follows: first by Nano-meter SiO_22With it is efficient
Water-reducing agent is added to the water, and stirs evenly.After being moistened to blender, coarse aggregate is added and fine aggregate stirs 60s, is subsequently added into
Cement and flyash stir 60s, then uniformly mix steel fibre along Agitator Impeller rotation direction, are added after agitated 30s
The mixture of nano material, water-reducing agent and water, specific mixing process are as shown in Figure 1.
According to above scheme, the preparation method of nano silica of the present invention and steel fiber reinforced concrete is specifically included
Following steps:
(1) by Nano-meter SiO_22It is added in the water of part, stirs evenly with high efficiency water reducing agent, it is spare；
(2) after being moistened to blender, coarse aggregate is added and fine aggregate stirs 60s, is subsequently added into cement and flyash
60s is stirred, then uniformly mixes steel fibre along Agitator Impeller rotation direction, nano material, diminishing are added after agitated 30s
The mixture of agent and part water stirs 60s, and remaining water is added, and it is mixed to get nano silica and Stainless-steel fibre to stir 60s
Solidifying soil.
Concrete mix is fitted into preprepared die trial, on a vibration table vibration compacting, it is horizontal after plastering
It is placed at room temperature, is demoulded after 24 hours, if demoulding time is appropriately extended in microthermal climate, put test block after being marked with marking pen
It sets and is conserved in standard curing room, take out and tested after test age to be achieved.
4 nano silica of embodiment and steel fiber reinforced concrete test
This paper test intended selects Nano-meter SiO_22With steel fibre concrete batching, using five kinds of Nano-meter SiO_2s2Volume (1%, 2%,
3%, 4%, 5%), five kinds of steel fibre volume volumes (0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0%, 2.5%) pass through basic mechanical
Energy test, impact test, chloride permeability test, single side freezing-thawing test, study Nano-meter SiO_22With steel fibre to concrete road
With the influence of performance, and probe into corresponding affecting laws and mechanism.Specific content of the test and test block quantity are true according to testing regulations
It is fixed, 10 content of the test of table as shown in table 10
Measuring method about technical indicator of the invention is in the art using standard method, and for details, reference can be made to newest
National standard, unless otherwise stated.
1, compressive strength test
This test is tested referring to " highway engineering cement and cement concrete testing regulations ".
Compressive strength test result and analysis:
According to above-mentioned test method, to mixed with Nano-meter SiO_22Compressive strength determination is carried out with the concrete of steel fibre.This group
Test has 11 groups of match ratios, 3 test specimens of every group of match ratio, totally 33 test specimens, its failing load and counts after measuring size after tested
Calculate compression strength is as shown in table 11:
11 cubic compressive strength of table
Nano-meter SiO_22Influence to concrete crushing strength: Nano-meter SiO_2 is mixed in concrete2, compression strength integrally mentions
High.It is analyzed from particular number relationship, works as Nano-meter SiO_22Volume from 0 rise to 3% when, compression strength from 45.3MPa increase
To highest 52.3MPa, relative growth 15.5%.Work as Nano-meter SiO_22Volume from 3% rise to 5% when, cube pressure resistance
Degree drops to 48.7MPa from highest 52.3MPa, and downward trend is presented in compression strength, but still compared with normal concrete intensity
So improve 7.5%.
According to the above-mentioned analysis to concrete crushing strength it is found that within the scope of test volume, Nano-meter SiO_22To concrete
Compression strength has certain humidification.With Nano-meter SiO_22The increase of volume, after first growth is presented in the compression strength of concrete
The changing rule of decline, and compression strength is maximum when volume is 3%.Nano-meter SiO_22Particle size is smaller, has micro-aggregate filling
Effect, when volume is smaller can micro-pore inside fill concrete, play the role of increasing concrete density, thus
Improve concrete strength.Meanwhile Nano-meter SiO_22The calcium hydroxide that can be generated with hydrated cementitious in concrete after concrete is added
Reaction generates the stronger C-S-H of cementing power, improves inside concrete inherent shortcoming, improves concrete strength.When volume is more than
After 3%, with Nano-meter SiO_22The increase of volume, one side nano material are reunited in concrete, in inside concrete formation office
The mass defect point in portion, does not rise anti-drop so as to cause concrete strength.On the other hand, nanoparticle specific surface area is larger, has
Stronger water imbibition, excessive Nano-meter SiO_22The water for originally belonging to hydrated cementitious needs is absorbed, hydrated cementitious is caused not enough to fill
Point, so that concrete strength be caused to reduce.Influence of the steel fibre to nano-concrete compression strength: it is added in nano-concrete
Steel fibre, compression strength are integrally to improve.As volume content of steel fibers rises to 2.5% from 0.5%, compression strength presentation first increases
The nano-concrete compressive property of the affecting laws reduced after adding, 2.0% volume steel fibre is optimal.Volume content of steel fibers increases from 0
When to 2.0%, the compression strength of nano-concrete increases to maximum 62MPa from 52.3MPa, and increasing degree reaches 18.5%.
When volume content of steel fibers continues to increase from 2.0%, the compression strength of nano-concrete is reduced to 56.7MPa from 62MPa, but compared with
The nano-concrete of steel fibre is not mixed, and compression strength still improves 8.4%.To test specimen destructive process during test
Observation it is found that with steel fibre addition, test specimen destroy when brittleness the sound abated gradually, failure mode significantly changes, and works as test specimen
When destruction, the test specimen that volume content of steel fibers is 2.0% is bad without broken, and it is 0.5% that test specimen integrality, which is much better than volume content of steel fibers,
Test specimen.
In above-mentioned experimental design, in terms of the compression strength that steel fibre can be improved concrete is mainly reflected in two, one
The random distribution state that presents is added in concrete in aspect steel fibre, is equivalent to concrete substrate being divided into many component units,
The network that steel fibre is formed can not only increase the compactness of these grid cells, while also improve each component units
Contiguity, reduce the natural internal flaw of concrete；The effect of another aspect steel fibre is embodied in destruction initial stage, when concrete by
Pressure generates crack when matrix pressure-bearing fails, and steel fibre can continue to bear the load at this, improve the pressure resistance of concrete
Degree.With continuing growing for volume content of steel fibers, excessive steel fibre is difficult to disperse inside nano-concrete, on the one hand makes coagulation
Native internal voids become larger, and quantity increases, and steel fibre and concrete substrate are coupled declines, eventually lead to defect in concrete
Increase, bearing capacity decline.
2, flexural strength is tested
In bridge deck pavement application, flexural strength is an important factor for limiting its service life concrete, therefore to receiving
Rice silica and steel fiber reinforced concrete flexural strength carry out research and are of great significance.This test refers to " highway engineering
Cement and cement concrete testing regulations " it carries out.
Flexural strength test result and analysis:
Concrete bending test shares 11 groups of match ratios, and 3 pieces of test specimens of every group of match ratio are tried according to above-mentioned test method
After testing, the Nano-meter SiO_2 that calculates2It is as shown in table 12 with steel fiber reinforced concrete flexural strength value:
12 concrete flexural strength of table
Influence of the nanosized SiO_2 to concrete flexural strength: from numerically analyzing, work as Nano-meter SiO_22Volume rises to from 1%
When 5%, compression strength respectively from 6.69MPa rise to 7.9MPa, 7.9MPa, 8.43MPa, 8.86MPa, 8.1MPa,
7.64MPa successively increases 13.5%, 21.1%, 27.3%, 16.4%, 9.8% compared with normal concrete.Nano-meter SiO_22Volume
For the flexural strength highest of 3% concrete, flexural strength reaches 8.86MPa, improves 27.3% compared with normal concrete.Although
Within the scope of experimental design volume, Nano-meter SiO_22Addition make concrete flexural strength variation present first increases and then decreases rule
Rule, but the flexural strength of concrete is improved on the whole, reinforcing effect is obvious.Nano-meter SiO_22Crystalline substance can be generated by being added in concrete
Nuclear effect and pinning effect can participate in hydration reaction and generate C-S-H gel, hinder the development in crack, play activeness and quietness
Effect.
Influence of the steel fibre to nano-concrete flexural strength: when steel fibre volume volume is between 0 and 2.5%, with
The changing rule of first increases and then decreases is presented in the increase of volume content of steel fibers, flexural strength.The nano-concrete that volume is 1.5% is anti-
Maximum intensity is rolled over, reaches 10.64MPa, improves 1.78MPa compared with benchmark nano-concrete intensity, improves 20.1%, toughening effect
Fruit is obvious.When volume content of steel fibers is greater than 1.5%, with further increasing for volume content of steel fibers, the anti-folding of nano-concrete is strong
Degree is begun to decline, and when volume increases to 2.5%, nano-concrete flexural strength is not instead than mixing the nano-concrete of steel fibre
Have dropped 0.17 MPa.
To sum up, by the analysis of test specimen flexural strength changing rule and damage -form it is found that the steel fibre of certain volume can be with
The fracture resistance for significantly improving nano-concrete improves the damage -form of nano-concrete, guarantees when concrete sample destroys
Relative fullness.However excessive steel fibre affects the workability of nano-concrete, keeps steel fibre dispersion uneven, increases
A possibility that defect is generated in nano-concrete mix and process of vibrating, eventually leads to the decline of nano-concrete fracture resistance.
3, tensile splitting strength is tested
Concrete tensile strength is one of concrete basic mechanical performance, in the pavement performance of deck paving concrete,
Its tensile strength is more important performance parameter.Concrete tensile strength is divided into direct tensile strength and tensile splitting strength two
Kind, since direct tensile strength test is more demanding to experimental condition, generally using tensile splitting strength as evaluation index, therefore this
Experimental study is using the tensile splitting strength of concrete as tensile strength.This test for tensile strength is referring to " highway engineering cement
And cement concrete testing regulations " carry out.
Tensile splitting strength test result and analysis:
Nano-meter SiO_2 is mainly studied in this test2The influence of volume and volume content of steel fibers to concrete flexural strength, test are shared
11 match ratios, 3 test specimens of each match ratio make according to the requirement of specification, and maintenance handles test specimen, after 28d curing age
The tensile splitting strength of test specimen is tested in time, takes the arithmetic average of three test piece intensity values strong as Split-tension of Rolled in every group
Degree, test result are as shown in table 13:
13 concrete splitting tensile strength of table
Nano-meter SiO_22Influence to concrete splitting tensile strength:
According to table 13, not add Nano-meter SiO_22Concrete splitting tensile strength on the basis of, it is mixed to calculate each match ratio
The tensile splitting strength ratio of solidifying soil and normal concrete, value are as shown in table 14:
14 concrete tensile strength ratio of table
It is found that Nano-meter SiO_22The increase of volume, concrete splitting tensile strength is than curve at hump type, tensile splitting strength
In the trend of first increases and then decreases, Nano-meter SiO_22Addition improve the tensile strength of concrete on the whole.Concrete analysis, nanometer
SiO2Within the scope of this test volume, when volume rises to 5% from 0, concrete splitting tensile strength ratio is 0.95 to 1.19
Between, when nano silica volume is 2%, concrete splitting tensile strength reaches maximum 4.51MPa, amplification 19%.
When volume is greater than 2%, with Nano-meter SiO_22There is downward trend in the increase of volume, concrete splitting tensile strength.When receiving
Rice SiO2When volume increases to 5%, the tensile splitting strength of nano-concrete is reduced to 3.6 MPa, compared with normal concrete
Reduce 5%, thus, excessive Nano-meter SiO_22Reduce concrete tensile property.
Influence of the steel fibre to nano-concrete tensile splitting strength:
Concrete sample tests its tensile splitting strength after standard curing room conserves 28d, not add receiving for steel fibre
On the basis of rice concrete splitting tensile strength, the tensile splitting strength ratio of each match ratio Yu benchmark nano-concrete is calculated
Table, value are as shown in Table 15.
15 concrete splitting tensile strength ratio of table
With the variation of steel fibre volume volume, for nano-concrete tensile splitting strength ratio between 1.00-1.78, steel is fine
Dimension volume is obvious to nano-concrete tensile splitting strength impact effect, and only the steel fibre of 0.5% volume volume can be improved and be received
Rice concrete tensile strength 18%.When steel fibre volume volume is 1.5%, nano-concrete tensile splitting strength reaches
7.1MPa, amplification reach 78%.As steel fibre volume volume continues to increase, after being greater than 1.5%, nano-concrete tension is strong
Degree is begun to decline.When steel fibre volume volume increases to 2.5%, tensile strength has dropped 1.56MPa compared with maximum value, but still high
In the nano-concrete for not mixing steel fibre, amplification 39%.Meanwhile the nano-concrete for not mixing steel fibre is broken under load action
Bad when, test specimen split in half from the central position, form breaking type and destroy.The nano-concrete test specimen of steel fibre is mixed in splitting lotus
When destroying under load effect, test specimen side has visible crack to occur, but test specimen is integrally more complete, destroys without breaking type special
Sign.It is found that the steel fibre of certain volume can not only significantly improve the tensile splitting strength of nano-concrete, while can also change
The damage -form of kind nano-concrete, makes to keep integrality when nano-concrete component damage, reduces and collapses brittle fracture destruction
It generates.
4, impact test
Deck paving of concrete is subjected to static load, it is desirable that resistance to compression with higher, tensile strength, while yet by
Under the impact of vibrations load, such as automobile braking force load, wind load, bridge under water flow percussion, bridge water surface steamer shock
Deng this requires deck paving of concrete materials also to have good shock resistance.Since material is being subjected to the dynamic of high speed
When carrying impact, performance will receive the impact of high speed and change, and failure mode and static load destruction are very different, simply
Static test or constant amplitude load test do not reflect its true damage feature, it is necessary to which it is anti-to evaluate it by impact test
Impact property.Therefore research Nano-meter SiO_22Have great importance with steel fiber reinforced concrete shock resistance, it not only can be with
Concrete impact failure mechanism is explored, while Nano-meter SiO_2 can also be disclosed2Volume and volume content of steel fibers are to elastic modulus of concrete
The influence of energy.
Test method is divided into two classes: low velocity impact test method(s) and high speed impact test method(s), and low velocity impact test method(s) divides
For pendulum impact test method, drop hammer type shock test method, class drop hammer type shock test method, high speed impact test method(s) is divided into Hope again
The gloomy compression bar method of gold, ballistic impact test method(s).Test basis " fiber concrete test method standard " of the present invention carries out.
Impact test result and analysis:
11 match ratios are arranged in impact test, wherein 1 group is normal concrete control group, 5 groups are admixture Nano-meter SiO_22
Concrete (volume be followed successively by 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% and 5%), 5 groups are fixed Nano-meter SiO_22Volume 3%, and steel is added simultaneously
Fiber concrete (volume volume be followed successively by 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0% and 2.5%).Because impact test data from
It is larger to dissipate property, therefore every group of match ratio takes test specimen 5, removes maximum value and minimum value, takes counting for remaining three test datas flat
Mean value and round are used as evaluation Nano-meter SiO_22With the final result of steel fiber reinforced concrete shock resistance, list
Shown in 16:
16 Nano-meter SiO_2 of table2With steel fiber reinforced concrete impact test result
Nano-meter SiO_22Influence to elastic modulus of concrete performance: Nano-meter SiO_22Within the scope of certain volume, with the increasing of volume
Add, concrete, which just splits number of shocks and destroys number of shocks, is presented the variation tendency for first increasing and reducing afterwards, Nano-meter SiO_22It is whole
On improve the shock resistance of concrete.Nano-meter SiO_22When volume is 2%, just splits and destroy number of shocks and reach maximum
37 times and 40 times, relative datum concrete improves 23.3% and 29% respectively.Work as Nano-meter SiO_22When volume is greater than 2%, coagulation
Native number of shocks and the destruction number of shocks just split is begun to decline, and when volume is 5%, concrete just splits number of shocks and destruction is rushed
It hits number to be reduced to 27 times, declines 10% and 12.9% respectively compared with normal concrete, test specimen does not find to split before occurring to destroy
Seam generates, and shows excessive Nano-meter SiO_22The impact resistance that concrete cannot not only be improved, reduces its shock resistance instead.
The impact energy difference of concrete sample is with Nano-meter SiO_22The trend of first increases and then decreases is presented in the increase of volume, works as Nano-meter SiO_22Volume
Reach maximum value when being 2%.With Nano-meter SiO_22Volume variation, concrete impact energy difference change 0 between 150J, most favourable opposition
Hitting energy difference is only 150J, shows Nano-meter SiO_22It can be improved the first of concrete and split shock resistance, but after just splitting, continue energy storage
Ability is not significantly improved, rapider to destroying from just splitting, and does not change the brittle feature of concrete, the impact cutting of test specimen
Bad form also demonstrates the conclusion.Nano-concrete test specimen is also to be broken into two along impact direction after being hit, and shows nanometer
SiO2Addition, do not improve the impact failure form of concrete sample, mix Nano-meter SiO_22Concrete sample is still shown commonly
The brittle break of concrete.
Influence of the steel fibre to nano-concrete shock resistance: with the increase of steel fibre volume volume, nanometer coagulation
It is native just to split number of shocks and destroy the trend that first increases and then decreases is presented in number of shocks.When volume content of steel fibers increases from 0 constant amplitude
When to 2.5%, nano-concrete just splits number of shocks to be increased to 43 times, 52 times, 62 times, 66 times and 58 times by 32 times respectively, is broken
Bad number of shocks is increased to 51 times, 64 times, 78 times, 86 times and 68 times by 32 times respectively, and steel fibre volume volume is 2% volume
Nano-concrete just splits and destroys number of shocks maximum, is respectively increased relative to the benchmark nano-concrete for not mixing steel fibre
106.3% and 168.7%, the addition of steel fibre enhances the shock resistance of nano-concrete significantly.But work as steel fibre
When more than 2% optimal volume volume, continue to increase with steel fibre volume volume, nano-concrete either just splits impact time
Number or destruction number of shocks are begun to decline, but are still higher than the nano-concrete for not mixing steel fibre, this shows that excessive steel is fine
Dimension is unfavorable for the raising of nano-concrete shock resistance.Steel fibre is added in concrete in a manner of mixing outside volume, is had
The effect of coarse aggregate.A small amount of steel fibre can be uniformly distributed in concrete, latticed structure be formed, in concrete cracking
Before, the generation of incipient crack is reduced, the further development in crack can be prevented after concrete cracking by improving compactness, be increased
Reinforced concrete matrix.And excessive steel fibre is not easy uniformly to disperse in concrete, while it causes similar to coarse aggregate effect
Cementitious material relative deficiency, increases defect in concrete, to cause elastic modulus of concrete reduced performance.
Research volume content of steel fibers is to mixing 3% Nano-meter SiO_22The rule that concrete impact energy difference influences, it is known that, steel fibre volume
Volume from 0 increase to 2.5% when, nano-concrete destroy with just split impact energy difference be respectively 0,400J, 600J, 800J,
1000J, 500J, when volume content of steel fibers is 2.0%, impact energy difference reaches maximum value.This shows that the addition of steel fibre makes nanometer
Concrete can continue to absorb impact after just splitting, and absorb energy, and energy storage capacity is substantially improved.Concrete sample is at the beginning of load-bearing
Stress consumes energy together for phase, concrete substrate and steel fibre, and with the generation in crack, the steel fibre across crack plays in matrix
The effect of bridge joint improves elastic modulus of concrete ability.
From mixing steel fibre nano-concrete and do not mix steel fibre nano-concrete impact failure form, it is known that, steel is not added
Test specimen is relatively complete when the nano-concrete for being broken completely when the nano-concrete destruction of fiber, and having added steel fibre destroys,
The crack for not running through test specimen upper and lower surface is only generated, the clearly visible steel fibre across crack, shows test specimen at test specimen crack
Although generating crack, internal overall structure is not still destroyed.Surface of test piece is observed simultaneously, mixes the nanometer coagulation of steel fibre
Soil is evident that a plurality of minute crack near major fracture.As it can be seen that the addition of steel fibre has dispersed the dynamics of impact, make coagulation
Native test specimen stress distribution is more uniform, shows apparent ductile failure feature.
5, resisting chloride ion penetration is tested
Resistance of chloride ion penetration is the one kind evaluated concrete and resist chloride erosion feature, is to influence deck paving of concrete
An important factor for pavement performance, can be related to concrete bridge deck pavement the long-term safe use in severe Service Environment.State
Inside and outside experts and scholars think by extensive investigations research: the destruction of most concrete structures is since chloride ion invades
Concrete reinforcement surface, and reach when certain critical concentration caused by caused steel bar corrosion.If by steel fibre and nano material
How is Anti-Chloride Ion Penetration in common incorporation concrete? steel fibre and Nano-meter SiO_22It mixes in concrete, volume
What rule change the influence to ion penetration resistance of concrete energy has? does is its optimum adding quantity of pulverized how many? it is adopted in bridge deck pavement
Use Nano-meter SiO_22When with steel fiber reinforced concrete, these problems must be solved reasonably.Therefore the present invention will be to nanometer
SiO2Experimental study is carried out with the Anti-Chloride Ion Penetration of steel fiber reinforced concrete, and by test result analysis, is obtained
Nano-meter SiO_22With volume content of steel fibers to the affecting laws of ion penetration resistance of concrete energy.
Anti-Chloride Ion Penetration of the present invention test using RCM method test concrete, RCM method, that is, quick chloride ion transport
Y-factor method Y, also referred to as quick chloride diffusion coefficient method are evaluated by measurement Chloride Ion in Concrete unstable state transport coefficient
The method of ion penetration resistance of concrete energy.Specific method is according to Ministry of Communications's JTG/T B07-01-2006 " highway engineering coagulation
Soil structure anticorrosion technique specification ", and live to build portion GB/T50082-2009 " normal concrete long-term behaviour and endurance quality examination
Test method standard " it carries out.
Test result and analysis: test uses diameter for 100mm herein, with a thickness of the cylinder specimen of 50mm, test point
It is 11 groups, every group of 3 test specimens, totally 33 test specimens, chloride diffusion coefficient is as shown in table 17 after calculating.
17 Nano-meter SiO_2 of table2With steel fiber reinforced concrete chloride diffusion coefficient
Nano-meter SiO_22Influence to ion penetration resistance of concrete energy: analysis Nano-meter SiO_22Volume is to concrete chloride ion
The rule that diffusion coefficient influences, it is known that, Chloride Diffusion Coefficient in Concrete is with Nano-meter SiO_22The increase presentation of volume first reduces
The variation tendency increased afterwards, i.e., the Anti-Chloride Ion Penetration of concrete is with Nano-meter SiO_22After first increase is presented in the increase of volume
Reduced trend.Work as Nano-meter SiO_22When volume is 2%, chloride diffusion coefficient reaches minimum value, agent on crack resistance of concrete chloride permeability
Performance is best, Nano-meter SiO_22The nano-concrete chloride diffusion coefficient that volume is 2% reduces 68.3% compared with normal concrete.
Work as Nano-meter SiO_22After volume is greater than 2%, Nano-meter SiO_2 is continued growing2The diffusion coefficient of volume, concrete chloride ion is gradually increased, when
Nano-meter SiO_22Volume increases separately when being 3%, 4% and 5%, and Chloride Diffusion Coefficient in Concrete is respectively compared with Nano-meter SiO_22Volume is
2% Chloride Diffusion Coefficient in Concrete increases 34.6%, 53.8% and 150%, but expands compared with normal concrete chloride ion
Scattered coefficient has still respectively reduced 57.3%, 51.2% and 20.7%.
Upper table Nano-meter SiO_22Volume shows in certain volume range the affecting laws of Chloride Diffusion Coefficient in Concrete
It is interior, Nano-meter SiO_22Incorporation can significantly reduce Chloride Diffusion Coefficient in Concrete, improve ion penetration resistance of concrete energy.
Hole in concrete is divided into four classes, and harmless hole of the aperture less than 20nm, aperture are greater than 20nm and are less than few harmful hole, the hole of 50nm
Diameter is greater than 50nm and the how harmful hole of harmful hole and aperture greater than 200nm less than 200nm.Aperture is greater than 100nm's in concrete
Hole will significantly reduce the basic mechanical performance and anti-permeability performance of concrete.Nano-meter SiO_2 is added in concrete2, can improve
The porosity of concrete reduces the generation of concrete primary pore and the size in aperture, increases concrete density, to improve
The Anti-Chloride Ion Penetration of concrete.Simultaneously by improving concrete mixing technique, flyash synergistic effect, nanometer are played
SiO2Dispersion it is more abundant, Nano-meter SiO_22The adsorbable flyash of nucleus effect formed biggish aggregate fill concrete compared with
Macrovoid can be such that more evil holes largely reduce, and harmful hole is converted to harmless hole, and harmless hole increases significantly, and improves the anti-chlorine of concrete
Ion permeability energy.
Influence of the steel fibre to nano-concrete Anti-Chloride Ion Penetration: volume content of steel fibers is analyzed to mixing according to table 17
3% Nano-meter SiO_22The affecting laws of Chloride Diffusion Coefficient in Concrete, it is known that, with steel fibre volume volume variation (0,
0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0% and 2.5%), nano-concrete chloride diffusion coefficient is followed successively by 3.5,3.4,3.2,
2.9,3.4 and 4.8, whole present first reduces the changing rule increased afterwards, and the nano-concrete of 1.5% volume volume steel fibre
Chloride diffusion coefficient is minimum, and not mixing steel fiber reinforced concrete reduces 17.1%, and Anti-Chloride Ion Penetration is optimal.In steel
When fiber volume volume is less than 1.5%, with the increase of steel fibre volume volume, nano-concrete chloride diffusion coefficient is continuous
Reduce.In the smaller situation of steel fibre volume volume, resisting chloride ion penetration diffusion coefficient of the steel fibre volume volume to nano-concrete
It influences not being too obvious on the whole.When steel fibre volume volume be more than 1.5% continue increase when, nano-concrete chlorine ion binding capacity
Coefficient is gradually increased, and it is more apparent that nano-concrete chloride permeability coefficient increases amplitude.When volume content of steel fibers is 2.0%, receive
Rice Chloride Diffusion Coefficient in Concrete has been increased to 3.4, almost maintains an equal level with the nano-concrete for not mixing steel fibre, with 1.5%
It is compared when steel fibre volume volume and increases 17.2%.When steel fibre volume volume is 2.5%, nano-concrete chloride ion expands
Scattered coefficient has been increased to 4.8, and the nano-concrete for not mixing steel fibre increases 37.1%, mixes with 1.5% steel fibre volume
Compared to increasing 65.5% when amount, illustrate that excessive steel fibre significantly reduces the Anti-Chloride Ion Penetration of nano-concrete.
Influence of the above-mentioned volume content of steel fibers to nano-concrete diffusion coefficient show when steel fibre volume volume is lower,
Influence of the incorporation of steel fibre to nano-concrete Anti-Chloride Ion Penetration is little, when volume volume be 1.5% when anti-chlorine from
Sub- permeance property is optimal.But after steel fibre volume volume is more than the optimum mix amount, the addition of excessive steel fibre is significantly reduced
Nano-concrete Anti-Chloride Ion Penetration.Concrete is after pouring, and due to the influence of itself and environment, can breed very much
Hole and crack for chloride permeability provide channel, reduce the density of concrete.It is added steel fibre in nano-concrete, one
Aspect can improve the microstructure of concrete, reduce porosity, reduce the channel of chloride permeability, and it is anti-to improve nano-concrete
Chloride permeability performance.On the one hand excessive steel fibre is added, and increases the crack quantity of inside concrete, causes chloride ion logical
It crosses these cracks and penetrates into inside concrete, reduce ion penetration resistance of concrete energy.
6, freezing-thawing test
Concrete through freeze-thaw test refers to that concrete peels off in high temperature and low temperature alternating change procedure, dynamic modulus of elasticity
The phenomenon that decreasing up to destruction.The mechanism process of concrete deicer-frost damage is extremely complex, with frost demolition phase caused by light water
Than the frost demolition due to caused by the presence of salt not only contains physical damage, and there are also chemical depletions.Physical damage refers to salt
In the presence of the water holding capacity for increasing concrete, increases inside concrete osmotic pressure, exacerbate the destruction of concrete.Chemical depletion
Refer to that with active aggregates alkali-aggregate reaction can occur for deicer salts, calcium chloride and calcium hydroxide react and generates double salt, destroy
The state of C-S-H gel promotes concrete surface to peel off, destroys the frost resistance of concrete.Since the jelly for recognizing concrete
Melt since destruction can produce serious consequence, scholars have done a large amount of research for concrete through freeze-thaw test.Nano-meter SiO_22With
After steel fibre mixes concrete, there is a large effect to the durability of concrete, but Nano-meter SiO_22Salt is frozen with steel fibre broken
Bad influence and Related Mechanism is indefinite, in consideration of it, the present invention will study Nano-meter SiO_2 by concrete single-sided freezing-thawing test2With
Steel fibre is to Nano-meter SiO_22With the influence of steel fiber reinforced concrete anti-freezing property, and its Influencing Mechanism is analyzed.
Present invention test uses single side freezing-thawing test method.
Freezing-thawing test result and analysis:
This paper experimental design match ratio is 11 groups, and every group of 5 test specimens are tested concrete 0 time, 4 times, 16 times, 28 times respectively
Relative dynamic elastic modulus after Frozen-thawed cycled takes the average value of 5 test specimens as relative dynamic elastic modulus test value, test result
It is as shown in table 18:
18 concrete relative dynamic elastic modulus of table
Nano-meter SiO_22Influence to concrete antifreezing performance: different addition quantity Nano-meter SiO_2 is analyzed from table 182To concrete difference
The affecting laws of relative dynamic elastic modulus after freezing-thawing cycles, it is known that, for same match ratio test specimen, with Frozen-thawed cycled
Several increases, concrete relative dynamic elastic modulus are gradually reduced, while being observed that the amplitude of decline is presented by the slope of curve
The trend being gradually increased.With Nano-meter SiO_22For the concrete sample that volume is 5%, when freezing-thawing cycles are 4 times, relatively
Dynamic modulus of elasticity is reduced only by less than 10%, and when freezing-thawing cycles reach 28 times, relative dynamic elastic modulus has declined
To 60% hereinafter, illustrate concrete relative dynamic elastic modulus with the increase dramatic decrease of freezing-thawing cycles, rather than it is linear
Decline.For different mixture ratio test specimen, Nano-meter SiO_22Volume increases to 5% from 0, after identical freezing-thawing cycles, concrete
Relative dynamic elastic modulus first increases and then decreases, concrete antifreezing performance are first improved and are reduced afterwards, work as Nano-meter SiO_22When volume is 2%,
Relative dynamic elastic modulus is maximum, shows that this match ratio concrete antifreezing performance is optimal.Work as Nano-meter SiO_22Volume is opposite when being more than 2%
Downward trend is presented in dynamic modulus of elasticity, especially works as Nano-meter SiO_22It is opposite after concrete Frozen-thawed cycled to move when volume is 5%
Property modulus, which is below, does not mix Nano-meter SiO_22Concrete shows excessive Nano-meter SiO_22The anti-freezing property of concrete can be reduced.
At concrete Frozen-thawed cycled initial stage, on the one hand internal not yet to generate freeze-thaw damage, microcrack extension is smaller.Another party
Face, during early stage Frozen-thawed cycled the generation of freeze water can extruded concrete, increase the compactness of concrete, improve concrete
Relative dynamic elastic modulus, and 18 test data result of table also indicates that, after 4 Frozen-thawed cycleds, the relative dynamic elastic modulus of concrete is equal
90% or more.With the increase of freezing-thawing cycles, inside concrete is damaged, and crack progressing is rapid, a large amount of hole
Water, which generates extruding force, makes concrete be damaged.Nano-meter SiO_22After incorporation, inside concrete is can be filled in subtle nanoparticle
Hole, meanwhile, SiO2Filling effect can also be played by participating in the C-S-H microgel particle that hydrated cementitious generates, and finally be made in concrete
Portion's structure is more closely knit, thus proper amount of nano SiO2The anti-freezing property of concrete can be improved.And excessive Nano-meter SiO_22Addition due to
Reunite or fail sufficiently to participate in aquation, increase the porosity of concrete instead, reduces concrete antifreezing performance.
Influence of the steel fibre to nano-concrete anti-freezing property: the addition of steel fibre can increase the relatively dynamic of nano-concrete
Elasticity modulus significantly improves its anti-freezing property.Within the scope of experimental design volume, with the increase of steel fibre volume volume, receive
Rice concrete relative dynamic elastic modulus first increases and then decreases, when volume is 1.5%, nano-concrete relative dynamic elastic modulus is most
Greatly, show that this match ratio concrete antifreezing performance is best.When volume is greater than 1.5%, with the increase of steel fibre volume volume,
The relative dynamic elastic modulus of nano-concrete starts to reduce, and with the increase of freezing-thawing cycles, anti-freezing property presents anxious
Acute downward trend.
According to the nano-concrete of the nano-concrete of 1.5% volume volume steel fibre and 2.5% volume volume steel fibre
Test specimen appearance after being subjected to 28 Frozen-thawed cycleds can obviously observe that the nano-concrete surface of 1.5% volume steel fibre is peeled off
Amount is less, and appearance is more complete.The anti-freezing property of nano-concrete not only can be improved in the addition of appropriate steel fibre, while may be used also
To promote complete appearance when nano-concrete destroys.The steel fibre of incorporation is mutually bonded in inside concrete with matrix, resistance
The generation and extension for having hindered inside concrete crack, reduce porosity.Steel fibre is subjected to pore water in nano-concrete simultaneously
When icing squeezing action, it can play the role of carrying pressure, inhibit further expanding for crack.Excessive steel fibre then increases
The grown-in defects of inside concrete promote moisture to enter inside concrete by steel fibre hole, cause concrete from inside to outside
Damage.
Embodiment described above is only that preferred embodiment of the invention is described, and is not carried out to the scope of the present invention
It limits, without departing from the spirit of the design of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art make technical solution of the present invention
Various changes and improvements, should all fall into claims of the present invention determine protection scope in.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of nano silica and steel fiber reinforced concrete, which is characterized in that including following raw material in parts by weight:
150-180 parts of aggregate, 40-45 parts of cement, 0.1-4 parts of water-reducing agent, 5-10 parts of flyash, 15-25 parts of water；
And volume is the Nano-meter SiO_2 of 1-5wt%2The steel fibre for being 0.5-2.5% with volume volume.
2. nano silica according to claim 1 and steel fiber reinforced concrete, which is characterized in that the steel fibre
It is mixed as volume outside volume.
3. nano silica according to claim 1 and steel fiber reinforced concrete, which is characterized in that the aggregate packet
Include fine aggregate and coarse aggregate, the mass ratio of the fine aggregate and coarse aggregate is 1:1.3-1.6.
4. nano silica according to claim 3 and steel fiber reinforced concrete, which is characterized in that the fine aggregate
Including natural river sand, Machine-made Sand, quartz sand.
5. nano silica according to claim 4 and steel fiber reinforced concrete, which is characterized in that the fine aggregate
For natural river sand.
6. nano silica according to claim 3 and steel fiber reinforced concrete, which is characterized in that the coarse aggregate
The continuous grading rubble for being 4.75mm to 26.5mm for partial size.
7. nano silica according to claim 1 and steel fiber reinforced concrete, which is characterized in that the water-reducing agent
For liquid high efficiency water reducing agent.
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