CN115380876A - Armoracia chinensis population rejuvenation method - Google Patents
Armoracia chinensis population rejuvenation method Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for rejuvenating arma chinensis populations, and belongs to the technical field of biological control. The method combines purification rejuvenation and wild rejuvenation to carry out population rejuvenation the lugworm, and comprises the steps of adult pairing, egg screening, nymph breeding, wild screening, population merging and the like. By adopting the method, the arma chinensis population rejuvenation effect is obvious, the arma chinensis grows regularly, the generation development parameters are stable, and the population is healthy and stable. The Armoracia chinensis bred for 3 years and about 20 generations has no phenomena of vitality reduction, reproductive capacity reduction, development duration extension, hatchability reduction, development uniformity reduction and the like. In addition, the method is simple to operate and easy to implement, can effectively prevent the arma bug population degeneration risk with extremely low cost, and provides technical support for better application of arma bugs in agriculture and forestry pest biological control.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of natural enemy insect breeding, and particularly relates to a method for rejuvenating arma chinensis populations.
Background
Arcolistinus armatus (Arma chinensis) belongs to the Hemiptera (Hemiptera) stinkbug family (Pentatamidae) and the Euschistus armoridae (Asopinae) and is a predatory natural enemy insect with wide predation range, strong adaptability and high application value, and can prey eggs, larvae, pupae and adults of more than 40 agricultural and forestry pests such as Lepidoptera (Lepidotera), coleoptera (Coleoptera), hymenoptera (Hymenoptera) and Hemiptera (Hemiptera). Particularly has strong control effect on various explosive pests such as prodenia litura (Spodoptera litura), cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera), oriental tobacco budworm (Helicoverpa assulta), fall armyworm (Hypopharia cunea), spdoptera frugiperda (Spdoptera frugiperda), armyworm (Mythimna separat), phyllocladium and flea beetle. The insecticidal composition has wide application prospect in biological control of pests of various economic crops (such as cotton, tobacco, tea and the like), fruit trees (such as apple, peach tree, jujube tree and the like), vegetables (such as cabbage, lettuce, tomato and the like) and forestry (such as pagodatree, mulberry, cotinus coggygria and the like).
Population degeneration is a phenomenon commonly existing in the insect breeding process and mainly appears as individual mass reduction, reproductive failure, prolonged development period and the like (Huggans, 1970; liu Zheng, 2010). The lugworm population degeneration caused by long-term feeding of lugworm under the condition of artificial feeding (after 3 generations), the continuous decline of vitality and fecundity, the prolongation of the development period, the reduction of hatchability, the reduction of development uniformity and the like, and the quality and the prevention effect of the released population are seriously influenced (jujuju, 2021). There are two main causes of population degradation: the internal cause is the reduction of genetic diversity caused by the long-term close breeding of small populations (possibly leading to the loss of partial excellent characters); the external factors are environmental inappropriateness, food inappropriateness, microbial infection and the like, which cause the decline of the resistance of the population. The reduction in genetic diversity is manifested by a long-term and progressive decrease in fertility and an increase in the rate of aberration; the decline in population resistance is manifested as a short-term and sudden sharp decline in population numbers and decline in vigour.
The population rejuvenation is a measure (Yuanfang Zheng, 2016) for screening the population with degeneration or adopting different breeding modes to improve the characteristics of individuals which have not degenerated or have degenerated in a large quantity and to regain the population with stronger vitality. Rejuvenation of a population is an effective method of preventing population deterioration. Common rejuvenation methods in insect feeding include vegetative rejuvenation and hybrid rejuvenation. For example, after the aphidius gifuensis population is degenerated, nutrition rejuvenation is carried out by adopting a method of adding 10% of honey water, and allopatric field parents are introduced to be hybridized with the degenerated population for hybrid rejuvenation (hyperoxia, 2021). The nutrition rejuvenation method has a narrow application range, and is mainly suitable for long-term feeding of insects with relatively single food, especially long-term feeding with alternative hosts or artificial feeds (Gutenlin, 2016). The hybridization rejuvenation method has obvious effect, but has the defects of carrying germs, difficult identification, complex technology and the like because field population needs to be introduced for hybridization.
The method for lugworm population innovation and improvement, and lugworm population rejuvenation by combining purification rejuvenation and wild rejuvenation, is beneficial to inhibiting lugworm population degeneration, reducing scale feeding risk and improving biological control effect, and has certain economic, social and ecological benefits. Therefore, the method for rejuvenating the arma chinensis population is of great significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an arma chinensis population rejuvenation method, which aims to inhibit arma chinensis population degeneration, reduce scale feeding risk, improve biological control effect and realize large-scale feeding and long-term subculture propagation of arma chinensis.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for rejuvenating arma chinensis populations comprises the following specific steps:
1) Armoracia chinensis imagoes 1-3 days after eclosion are treated according to a male-female ratio of 1:1, mating and laying eggs in insect cages after pairing, and 200 heads/cage;
2) Collecting eggs every day after the imagoes lay eggs, and selecting large egg blocks at the egg laying peak period for subculture propagation;
3) Placing the eggs into an insect breeding chamber for hatching, and screening out egg masses with the hatching rate of less than 90% on the 3 rd day of hatching;
4) Feeding 1 time of yellow mealworms every 2 days after nymphs hatch, and feeding the yellow mealworms in an insect rearing room until adults;
5) Repeating the steps 1) -4) once per generation as purification and rejuvenation of the breeding period;
6) Preparing 1000 heads of lugworm nymphs at 4 ages, and putting the lugworm nymphs into an insect cage at 250 heads/cages;
7) Arma chinensis is raised in a wild room until adults lay eggs, and nymphs after eggs are hatched are wild population;
8) Combining the wild population with the indoor population with the same age, and transferring the wild population into an insect rearing room for feeding and breeding;
9) Steps 6) -8) were repeated once a year as regular wildlife rejuvenation.
Further, the insect-raising cage is a gauze cage with the length multiplied by 50cm (length multiplied by width multiplied by height).
Further, the spawning peak period in the invention is 10-30 days of the spawning period.
Furthermore, the large egg masses are egg masses with the egg number not less than 25.
Further, the insect rearing room conditions in the invention are as follows: temperature 25-28 ℃, humidity 40-60%, photoperiod 16L: and 8D.
Further, the conditions of the wild chamber in the invention are as follows: the temperature is 10-35 ℃ (variable temperature environment, temperature difference is more than 10 ℃), the humidity is 30-90%, the photoperiod is 14L:10D.
According to the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the arma bug population rejuvenation method optimally combines purification rejuvenation and wild rejuvenation, is convenient and feasible to operate, can effectively inhibit arma bug population degeneration, realizes large-scale feeding and long-term subculture propagation of arma bugs, and provides technical support for better application of arma bugs to agriculture and forestry pest biological control.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of arma bug population rejuvenation in the present invention.
Detailed Description
Examples 1 to 3 below are for the principle explanation and the characteristic description of the method for the arma bug population rejuvenation in beijing blue fox natural enemy technology ltd, and the examples are only for the purpose of explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The experimental procedures used in the following examples are all conventional procedures unless otherwise specified.
Materials and the like used in the following examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
A method for rejuvenating arma chinensis population is shown in a schematic diagram in figure 1, and comprises the following specific steps:
1) 1-3 days after eclosion, the adult arma chinensis is treated according to the ratio of male and female 1:1, after pairing, putting the mixture into a gauze insect cage with the length multiplied by 50cm (length multiplied by width multiplied by height) for mating and oviposition, wherein 200 heads of insects are placed in each cage (100 heads of female and male insects are placed in each cage); the copulation period of the adult arma chinensis is about 5 to 7 days, the prophase of spawning is about 5 to 7 days, and spawning begins after about 10 to 14 days after pairing; the oviposition period is from the beginning to the end of oviposition, and is about 40 days; wherein, the first 10 days of the oviposition period is the initial oviposition period, the 10 th to 30 th day of the oviposition peak period, and the last 10 days is the final oviposition period;
2) Collecting eggs every day after the adult eggs lay, and selecting large egg blocks (the number of eggs is more than or equal to 25 per block) in the peak period of 10-30 days in the egg laying period for subculture propagation or serving as seed insects; eggs at the initial spawning stage (1-10 days) and the final spawning stage (31-40 days) and small egg masses (the number of eggs is less than 25/mass) are used for raising commercial arma chinensis for sale; the elimination rate of egg masses in the link is approximately 75 percent;
3) And (3) putting the optimized egg blocks into an insect chamber for incubation, wherein the temperature of the insect chamber is 25-28 ℃, the humidity is 40-60%, and the photoperiod is 16L:8D; on the 3 rd day of incubation, removing egg masses with the hatching rate of less than 90 percent, wherein the egg masses with the hatching rate of less than 90 percent are used for feeding goods arma chinensis for sale; egg masses with hatchability more than or equal to 90 percent are used for subculture propagation or as seed worms; the elimination rate of egg masses in the link is approximately equal to 15 percent;
4) Feeding 1 time of yellow meal worm every 2 days after nymph incubation, and feeding the yellow meal worm in an insect feeding room (the same as above) until adult insects are obtained; the yellow meal worm can be 5-instar larva or pupa, and is sterilized with 75% alcohol before feeding;
5) Repeating the steps 1) -4) once per generation as purification and rejuvenation of a breeding season; the method aims to obtain the arma chinensis population with high spawning amount, good spawning quality and regular development by screening the characters in the breeding period;
6) Preparing 1000 heads of lugworm nymphs with the age of 4 into insect rearing cages, 250 heads/cage every 5 months; the temperature difference is large in 5 months, but the highest temperature and the lowest temperature generally do not exceed the lethal temperature of the lugworm bugs, so that the method is more suitable for the wild rejuvenation;
7) Arma chinensis is raised in a wild room until adults lay eggs, and nymphs after eggs are hatched are wild population. The temperature, humidity and illumination regulating system is closed in the wild room, and the window or the ventilating fan is opened, so that the indoor environment is consistent with the external environment. Taking Beijing as an example, the average temperature of the Beijing is 20-22 ℃ in 5 months, the average temperature difference is 11-12 ℃, the maximum temperature is 33 ℃, the minimum temperature is 10 ℃, the humidity is 30-60%, and the illumination is 14-15 h. Under the environment, the death rate of the wild rejuvenation arma chinensis bugs is approximately 60 percent, the spawning rate is approximately 70 grains/female, the hatching rate is approximately 80 percent, the growth period is prolonged by 10 to 14 days, and 9000 to 11000 wild nymphs are obtained after feeding for 30 days;
8) Combining the wild population with the indoor population with the same age, and transferring the wild population into an insect rearing room for feeding and breeding;
9) Repeating steps 6) -8) once a year as a regular rejuvenation of the wild; the method aims to eliminate the weak bugs through the change of the natural environment in the field and obtain the arma chinensis population with strong environmental adaptability and strong pathogen resistance.
Example 2
A method for rejuvenating arma chinensis populations comprises the following specific steps:
1) 1-3 days after eclosion, the adult arma chinensis is treated according to the ratio of male and female 1:1, after pairing, putting the insect-breeding cages into a gauze insect-breeding cage with the length, width and height of 50cm, 50cm and high for mating and spawning, wherein 200 insects are placed in each cage (100 insects are respectively placed in a female and a male); the copulation period of the adult arma chinensis is about 5 to 7 days, the prophase of spawning is about 5 to 7 days, and spawning begins after about 10 to 14 days after pairing; the oviposition period is from the beginning of oviposition to the end of oviposition, and is about 40 days; wherein, the first 10 days of the oviposition period is the initial oviposition period, the 10 th to 30 th day of the oviposition peak period, and the last 10 days is the final oviposition period;
2) Collecting eggs every day after the adult eggs lay, and selecting large egg blocks (the number of eggs is more than or equal to 25 per block) in the peak period of 10-30 days in the egg laying period for subculture propagation or serving as seed insects; eggs at the initial spawning stage (1-10 days) and the final spawning stage (31-40 days) and small egg masses (the number of eggs is less than 25/mass) are used for raising commercial arma chinensis for sale; the elimination rate of egg masses in the link is approximately equal to 75 percent;
3) And (3) putting the optimized egg blocks into an insect chamber for incubation, wherein the temperature of the insect chamber is 25-28 ℃, the humidity is 40-60%, and the photoperiod is 16L:8D; on the 3 rd day of incubation, removing egg masses with the hatching rate of less than 90 percent, wherein the egg masses with the hatching rate of less than 90 percent are used for feeding goods arma chinensis for sale; egg masses with the hatching rate of more than or equal to 90 percent are used for subculture propagation or used as seed worms; the elimination rate of egg masses in the link is approximately equal to 15 percent;
4) Feeding 1 time of yellow meal worm every 2 days after the nymph is hatched, and feeding the yellow meal worm in an insect feeding room (the same as the above) until the nymph becomes adult; the yellow meal worm can be 5-instar larva or pupa, and is sterilized with 75% alcohol before feeding;
5) Repeating the steps 1) -4) once per generation as purification and rejuvenation of the breeding period; the method aims to obtain the arma chinensis stinkbug population with high spawning amount, good spawning quality and regular development by screening the characters in the breeding period;
6) Preparing 1000 heads of lugworm nymphs with the age of 4 into an insect breeding cage, and putting 250 heads of lugworm nymphs in each cage;
7) Arma chinensis is bred in a wild room to adult worms and spawns, and nymphs after eggs hatch are wild population. The wild room is provided with a variable temperature environment through an air conditioner, wherein the average temperature is 26 ℃, the temperature difference is 15 ℃, the daytime temperature is 32 ℃, and the night temperature is 17 ℃; humidity changes are set through an automatic humidifier, wherein the average humidity is 55%, the humidity difference is 30%, the daytime humidity is 30%, and the night humidity is 90%; the illumination, illumination 14h, and darkness 10h are set by the automatic lighting system. Under the environment, the death rate of the wild rejuvenation arma chinensis is approximately equal to 50 percent, the spawning rate is approximately equal to 85 grains/female, the hatching rate is approximately equal to 80 percent, the development duration is prolonged for 8 to 10 days, and 15000 to 17000 heads of wild nymphs are obtained after the wild arma chinensis is bred for 30 days;
8) Combining the wild population with the indoor population with the same age, and transferring the wild population into an insect rearing room for feeding and breeding;
9) Repeating steps 6) -8) once a year as a regular rejuvenation of the wild; the method aims to eliminate the armyworm bugs by simulating the change of the wild natural environment so as to obtain the arma bug population with strong environmental adaptability and strong pathogen resistance.
Example 3
Armoracia chinensis population rejuvenation method test
1. Purpose of the test
1) Verifying the effect of the arma chinensis population rejuvenation method;
2) Verifying the improvement of the wild population of the arma chinensis on the environmental fitness.
2. Test method
1) CK (control) is ludwigia chinensis indoor population, TR (treatment) is ludwigia chinensis wild population; respectively selecting 100 uniform 3-year nymphs from the CK group and the TR group, and repeating the nymphs in 5 groups and 20 groups/repetition;
2) The temperature is set to 22 ℃ under the test condition 1, 26 ℃ under the test condition 2 and 30 ℃ under the test condition 3; under 3 conditions, the humidity is 40%, the photoperiod is 16L:8D;
3) Determination of CK and TR groups under 3 conditions: survival rate of adults from 3 years old; adult insect weight, egg laying rate and life; (ii) the hatching rate of the eggs;
4) Experimental data were processed using Microsoft Excel, analyzed for variance and significance difference tests using SPSS 20.0 software and graphed.
3. Results and analysis
3.1 development parameters and environmental adaptability of lugworm indoor population and wild population nymphs
The survival rate test results are shown in table 1, and it can be seen from table 1 that the survival rates of nymphs to adults of 3 th instar wild population (TR) of arma bug under different experimental conditions are higher than those of indoor population (CK), which indicates that the wild population is higher in activity. The survival rate of CK and TR is obviously different under the condition of 22 ℃ (p = 0.02), and the survival rate of TR is higher, which indicates that the wild population has obviously stronger adaptability to cold environment.
TABLE 1 Arundinaria armata indoor population (CK) and wild population (TR) survival rate of 3-year nymphs to adults
| Test conditions | Survival rate of CK | Survival rate of TR | Significant difference p |
| 22℃ | 71.3％±6.7％ | 81.6±2.1％ | 0.02 |
| 26℃ | 85.9％±7.2％ | 84.2±8.7％ | 0.33 |
| 30℃ | 78.2％±9.3％ | 80.9±3.2％ | 0.09 |
3.2 development parameters and environmental adaptability of Armoracia chinensis indoor population and wild population adults
The results of adult insect weight tests are shown in table 2, and it can be seen from table 2 that adult insect weight of arma bug wild population (TR) is higher than that of indoor population (CK) under different experimental conditions, indicating that the wild population may be higher in health degree. In addition, both CK and TR show a tendency that female worms are more important than male worms, with the insects weighing less the higher the temperature.
TABLE 2 Armoracia chinensis indoor population (CK) and wild population (TR) adult weight
The spawning rate test results are shown in table 3, and as can be seen from table 3, most of data of single-female spawning rate of the wild armadilla chinensis population (TR) under different experimental conditions are higher than that of the indoor population (CK), which indicates that the wild armadilla chinensis population has higher fertility. Wherein, the egg laying rates of CK and TR are obviously different under the condition of 22 ℃ (p = 0.05), the egg laying rate of TR is higher, which indicates that the wild population has obviously stronger adaptability to cold environment.
TABLE 3 spawning rate of Armoracia chinensis indoor population (CK) and wild population (TR)
The adult life test results are shown in table 4, and it can be known from table 4 that the average adult life of the wild population of the arma bug (TR) under different experimental conditions is longer than that of the indoor population (CK), and the average adult life of the CK and the TR under the conditions of 22 ℃ and 30 ℃ is significantly different (p = 0.05), which indicates that the wild population has stronger vitality.
TABLE 4 average adult Life of Argy chinensis indoor population (CK) and wild population (TR)
3.3 development parameters and environmental adaptability of Armoracia chinensis indoor population and wild population eggs
The results of the hatchability tests are shown in table 5, and it can be seen from table 5 that the hatchability of lugworm wild population (TR) eggs under different experimental conditions is higher than that of indoor population (CK), indicating that the wild population is more active. Under each condition, there was no significant difference in the incubation rate of CK and TR eggs (p =0.12, p =0.28, p = 0.09).
TABLE 5 incubation rates of Armoracia chinensis indoor population (CK) and wild population (TR) eggs
| Test conditions | CK hatchability | TR hatchability | Significant difference p |
| 22℃ | 90.5％±8.9％ | 92.3％±7.6％ | 0.12 |
| 26℃ | 90.9％±9.9％ | 90.7％±11.2％ | 0.28 |
| 30℃ | 81.2％±14.5％ | 90.2％±10.2％ | 0.09 |
By adopting the method, the arma chinensis population has obvious rejuvenation effect, regular growth, stable generation development parameters and healthy and stable population. The Armoracia chinensis bred for 6-8 generations every year has no phenomena of continuously reduced vitality and fecundity, prolonged development duration, reduced hatching rate, reduced development uniformity and the like. In addition, the method is simple to operate and easy to implement, and can effectively prevent the arma chinensis population degeneration risk with extremely low cost.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (6)
1. A method for rejuvenating arma chinensis populations is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
1) 1-3 days after eclosion, the adult arma chinensis is treated according to the ratio of male and female 1:1, mating and laying eggs in insect cages after pairing, and 200 heads/cage;
2) Collecting eggs every day after the imagoes lay eggs, and selecting large egg blocks at the egg laying peak period for subculture propagation;
3) Placing the eggs into an insect breeding chamber for hatching, and screening out egg masses with the hatching rate of less than 90% on the 3 rd day of hatching;
4) Feeding 1 time of yellow mealworms every 2 days after nymphs hatch, and feeding the yellow mealworms in an insect rearing room until adults;
5) Repeating the steps 1) -4) once per generation as purification and rejuvenation of the breeding period;
6) Preparing 1000 heads of lugworm nymphs with the age of 4 into an insect breeding cage, and putting 250 heads of lugworm nymphs in each cage;
7) Arma chinensis is raised in a wild room until adults lay eggs, and nymphs after eggs are hatched are wild population;
8) Combining the wild population with the indoor population with the same age, and transferring the wild population into an insect rearing room for feeding and breeding;
9) Steps 6) -8) were repeated once a year as regular wildlife rejuvenation.
2. The arma bug population rejuvenation method according to claim 1, wherein the insect rearing cage of step (1) is a gauze cage with length of 50cm x width of 50cm x height of 50 cm.
3. The armadilla chinensis population rejuvenation method as recited in claim 1, wherein the peak spawning time of step (2) is 10-30 days of spawning time.
4. The lugworm population rejuvenation method as recited in claim 1, wherein said large egg masses of step (2) are egg masses with an egg number of not less than 25.
5. The armadilla chinensis population rejuvenation method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said insect rearing chamber conditions of steps (3), (4) and (8) are: temperature 25-28 ℃, humidity 40-60%, photoperiod 16L: and 8D.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the wild room conditions of step (7) are as follows: temperature of 10-35 ℃, temperature difference of more than 10 ℃, humidity of 30-90%, light period of 14L:10D.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2015003546A1 (en) * | 2013-07-12 | 2015-01-15 | 重庆市中药研究院 | Culture method for natural species rejuvenation of artificially bred cordyceps host insect |
| CN209572898U (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2019-11-05 | 贵州省烟草公司遵义市公司绥阳县分公司 | A kind of Candle-sticks stinkbug Rejuvenate species purifying plant |
| CN110583587A (en) * | 2019-11-01 | 2019-12-20 | 贵州省植物保护研究所 | Armyworm rejuvenation method |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2015003546A1 (en) * | 2013-07-12 | 2015-01-15 | 重庆市中药研究院 | Culture method for natural species rejuvenation of artificially bred cordyceps host insect |
| CN209572898U (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2019-11-05 | 贵州省烟草公司遵义市公司绥阳县分公司 | A kind of Candle-sticks stinkbug Rejuvenate species purifying plant |
| CN110583587A (en) * | 2019-11-01 | 2019-12-20 | 贵州省植物保护研究所 | Armyworm rejuvenation method |
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