CN115372837A - Simulation test device for investigating thermal runaway state of cylindrical lithium battery - Google Patents
Simulation test device for investigating thermal runaway state of cylindrical lithium battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN115372837A CN115372837A CN202210907609.1A CN202210907609A CN115372837A CN 115372837 A CN115372837 A CN 115372837A CN 202210907609 A CN202210907609 A CN 202210907609A CN 115372837 A CN115372837 A CN 115372837A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
- G01R31/3842—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC combining voltage and current measurements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/396—Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4285—Testing apparatus
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention relates to a simulation test device for investigating the thermal runaway state of a cylindrical lithium battery, which comprises: an array battery connection module (3); the data acquisition module (1) is used for acquiring data generated when the array type battery connection module (3) works; the thermal runaway trigger module (2) is used for providing a plurality of thermal runaway trigger modes for the array battery connection module (3); the thermal runaway environment simulation module is used for providing a thermal runaway environment for the array battery connection module (3); the array type battery connection module (3) is positioned in the thermal runaway environment simulation module, and the data acquisition module (1) and the thermal runaway trigger module (2) are respectively in signal connection with the array type battery connection module (3). Compared with the prior art, the invention not only has the function of combining the batteries in series and parallel connection freely and quickly, achieves the aim of simulating a real battery pack, but also has strong validity of a test result, high repeatability and higher analysis value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of lithium battery safety performance detection, in particular to a simulation test device for investigating a thermal runaway state of a cylindrical lithium battery.
Background
With the increasing severity of energy problems in recent years, lithium batteries have been rapidly developed in electric vehicles and electrochemical energy storage. However, with the improvement of the indexes such as energy density of the lithium battery, the safety problems of the lithium battery, including high voltage leakage, electrolyte leakage, etc., have been focused. Among them, thermal runaway inside batteries is an important factor for causing combustion and explosion of lithium batteries, and further research is urgently needed. Thermal runaway refers to the phenomenon that the temperature of a lithium battery is rapidly increased due to the fact that an internal diaphragm of the lithium battery is melted, internal short circuit is rapidly generated and converted to generate heat. The reasons for causing thermal runaway of lithium batteries are many, and can be generally divided into three categories: mechanical abuse, electrical abuse, and thermal abuse. Mechanical abuse means that when the battery is used, a large amount of heat is generated due to short circuit caused by external extrusion, collision and the like, side reaction is caused to generate heat, and further, the temperature is rapidly increased to cause thermal runaway. The electric abuse means that a battery generates a micro short circuit inside the battery due to the processes of overcharge, overdischarge and the like in the charging and discharging process, a large amount of heat is generated, side reactions are triggered to generate heat, and finally the thermal runaway of the battery is caused. Thermal abuse refers to the fact that the temperature of a battery is increased due to high external temperature, so that a series of side reactions are triggered to generate heat, the temperature of the battery is increased sharply, and thermal runaway is finally caused.
A series of exothermic side reactions occur in the thermal runaway process of lithium batteries, which mainly include Solid Electrolyte Interphase (SEI) film decomposition, reaction between a negative electrode material and an electrolyte, reaction between a positive electrode material and the electrolyte, and the like. Generally, the positive electrode, the negative electrode and the electrolyte of a lithium battery should be operated within their safe and reliable temperature ranges. Once the temperature exceeds the safe temperature range, exothermic reactions begin to occur between the battery components, leading to abnormal increases in battery temperature and further exothermic reactions, which if not timely inhibited or prevented, can lead to thermal runaway of the battery.
Since the general operating temperature of a lithium battery may be higher than room temperature, and the lithium battery itself may generate heat during large-current charging and discharging, the actual operating temperature of the battery may easily reach an upper limit exceeding the recommended normal operating temperature. If the lithium battery is used in extreme environments such as hot environments, the heat generated by the battery in the circulation process is too large and cannot be dissipated in time, and the electrochemical performance may be significantly deteriorated and degraded due to the accumulation of the heat in the battery. When the temperature rises to the inner diaphragm of the battery and the diaphragm is melted, the anode and the cathode are short-circuited, and the battery has the possibility of generating the dangers of fire, combustion, explosion and the like.
In order to research the thermal safety characteristics of the lithium battery and reveal the thermal runaway law of the lithium battery, technicians often need to collect the change laws of characteristic parameters such as current, voltage, temperature and the like of the lithium battery (group) in the thermal runaway process by means of various experimental devices, and systematically investigate the whole process of the thermal runaway of the lithium battery. On the basis of deeply knowing a thermal runaway mechanism, a battery management system and an experimental device are designed to ensure the safe operation of a lithium battery (pack) at the initial life. Due to the fact that thermal runaway reaction of a large lithium battery module and a battery pack is violent, most of practical thermal runaway test researches only aim at lithium battery monomers and small battery packs formed by the lithium battery monomers in series and parallel connection. After the lithium battery monomers are connected in series and in parallel to form the small battery pack, large errors can be caused to the thermal runaway test result due to the performance difference among the monomers; in addition, the influence of various electrochemical effects such as impedance caused by a series-parallel combination mode in the small battery pack on the thermal runaway behavior of the lithium battery pack needs to be contrasted and analyzed by adopting an effective and convenient means under a standardized condition.
Chinese patent CN112526360A discloses a system and method for triggering and monitoring thermal runaway test of battery module. Battery module thermal runaway test triggers and monitoring system includes: at least one heater, at least one temperature sensor and a data collector. Each heater has the same volume, shape and size as one battery cell, and the heater replaces at least one target battery cell. The temperature sensor is arranged in the battery module and between any two adjacent battery monomers. The data collector is electrically connected with the temperature sensor and is used for obtaining temperature data detected by the temperature sensor. The system can trigger the thermal runaway of the battery system through heating, can select a real battery module as an experimental object to perform the thermal spread test of the battery monomer, and can also guide the design and operation of the battery thermal management system according to the test result of the thermal spread of the battery monomer to keep the original structure of the battery module, so that the test result has certain credibility.
Chinese patent CN209486268U discloses a thermal runaway test tool for a lithium battery monomer, which comprises a sealed box body, a base, an upper end surface fixing plate and a moving plate, wherein the base is horizontally arranged in the sealed box body; heating sheets are arranged on the fixed plate and the movable plate close to the detected lithium battery monomer side; a thermocouple temperature sensor is arranged on the heating surface of the detected lithium battery monomer; the detected lithium battery monomer is electrically connected with the charging and discharging equipment; the sealed box body is also provided with a pressure sensor for testing the pressure of the sealed box body after the lithium battery monomer is out of control due to heat; the thermocouple temperature sensor and the pressure sensor are electrically connected with the digital display device. The tool can simulate the space limitation in the real battery module according to the structure of the real battery module, and limit the bulging space of the battery monomer; testing the boundary condition of thermal runaway of the battery monomer; the data is more accurate, and the reliability is relatively higher.
Chinese patent CN113517577A relates to a temperature rise test patch panel and a temperature rise test connector, wherein the temperature rise test patch panel comprises a panel body and a wiring conductor unit, the wiring conductor unit comprises a wiring barrel and a binding post, the binding post is coaxially arranged in the wiring barrel, and an insulating sealing structure is arranged between the wiring barrel and the binding post; the wiring conductor unit is hermetically and insulatively arranged on the disc body, an inner connecting end is exposed at one side of the wiring disc, and an outer connecting end is exposed at the other side of the wiring disc; the wiring barrel is used for being in conductive connection with an outer ring conductor of the temperature rise test connector, and the wiring terminal is used for being in conductive connection with a central conductor of the temperature rise test connector. Because the wiring barrel and the wiring terminal have rigidity, after the wiring barrel and the wiring terminal are sealed and insulated on the tray body, the sealing performance is not easily influenced by torsional stretching, and air leakage is avoided; moreover, two paired thermocouple wires can be connected on the temperature rise test wiring tray through one-time connection operation of the temperature rise test connector, and wiring is convenient.
The constant temperature and humidity test box can simulate the environments with different temperatures and humidity, and is suitable for researching the thermal runaway behavior of the lithium battery under different working conditions. When the lithium battery module is subjected to thermal runaway test in the constant temperature and humidity box, the heat released after the thermal runaway of the lithium battery monomer can be diffused into the adjacent lithium battery monomer, and the real lithium battery module has a complex process structure and large difference among individuals, so that large errors can be caused to the thermal runaway test result, and the repeatability of the test result is poor; the series-parallel connection mode and the function among different model modules are different, the material types of the battery monomers are also different, the influence factors of the test result are too many, and the comparative analysis is difficult to carry out. Meanwhile, in the design process of a real module, because factors such as a safety function, a monitoring function and the like need to be considered, the process structure needs to be redesigned when the serial and parallel structures are changed, and the process structure is almost equivalent to redesign. It is difficult to analyze the thermal runaway state of the battery under different series-parallel connection structures.
In addition, the traditional movable patch panel is widely applied in battery research work. However, the splice tray in the market at present has some defects when in use, for example, the cable inside the splice tray is not favorable for ventilation, the cable inside the splice tray is easily aged, and the flat cable inside the splice tray is too complicated, which is not favorable for fast switching the series and parallel connection modes of the battery (pack).
Chinese patent CN112526360A, "a system and method for triggering and monitoring thermal runaway test of battery module", has the following disadvantages: the device only has a thermal runaway trigger mode of heating, can not simulate the conditions of overcharge, overdischarge, external short circuit and the like which can occur in the actual use process of the battery module, and has limitation.
Chinese patent CN209486268U, "a lithium battery cell thermal runaway test fixture", has the following disadvantages: this frock single test only can carry out the thermal runaway test to a battery monomer, can't simulate the mutual influence between each battery monomer in the battery module under the real condition, has the limitation to the burning process of battery thermal runaway can cause the not negligible damage to the frock, leads to the uniformity of test result relatively poor.
Chinese patent CN113517577A "temperature rise test patch panel and temperature rise test connector" has the following disadvantages: each terminal of this wiring dish only can the exclusive use, need process earlier to the battery when carrying out the series-parallel connection test, the operation is complicated to because disk body itself will contact test environment, in the thermal runaway test process, probably receive battery burning influence, lead to the uniformity of test result relatively poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide the simulation test device for inspecting the thermal runaway state of the cylindrical lithium battery, which has the function of quickly and freely combining the batteries in series and parallel connection to achieve the aim of simulating a real battery pack, has strong test result validity and high repeatability and has higher analysis value.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
in view of the above background, the designer considers that, when performing a simulation test of a thermal runaway state, it is very important to provide a test environment that can simulate various complex connection states of a real battery, minimize system errors caused by connection unevenness of equipment and the battery, and reduce factors affecting a test result, and then proposes a specific scheme:
a survey cylindrical lithium cell thermal runaway state with simulation test device, the device includes:
an array battery connection module;
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring data generated by the array type battery connection module during working; including but not limited to voltage, current, temperature, etc.;
the thermal runaway trigger module is used for providing a plurality of thermal runaway trigger modes for the array type battery connection module; including but not limited to heating, overcharging, overdischarging, external short-circuiting, etc.;
the thermal runaway environment simulation module is used for providing a thermal runaway environment for the array type battery connection module;
the array battery connection module is positioned in the thermal runaway environment simulation module, and the data acquisition module and the thermal runaway trigger module are respectively in signal connection with the array battery connection module.
Further, the data acquisition module comprises a voltage sensor for acquiring voltage parameters in the array type battery connection module.
Furthermore, the thermal runaway environment simulation module is internally provided with an air pressure sensor for acquiring air pressure parameters in the array battery connection module, the array battery connection module is provided with a temperature sensor for acquiring battery temperature parameters, and the air pressure sensor and the temperature sensor are respectively in signal connection with the data acquisition module.
Furthermore, the thermal runaway trigger module comprises a direct current power supply, a direct current electronic load, a variable resistance box and a large current lead which are connected in parallel; the main path and each branch path are provided with a dynamic contact.
Furthermore, the array type battery connection module comprises a battery positive electrode connection assembly, a battery negative electrode connection assembly and a temperature sensing connection assembly.
Furthermore, the battery anode connecting assembly comprises a U-shaped spring joint, a spring screw and equidistant jump pieces which are sequentially connected; the U-shaped spring joint is connected with the positive electrode of the battery; the connection part of the spring screw and the U-shaped spring joint is a linear bulge which is aligned with the U-shaped spring joint during connection, so that the linear bulge is perpendicular to the U-shaped spring joint and can be disconnected;
the battery negative electrode connecting assembly comprises a battery negative electrode connector, a U-shaped spring connector, a spring screw and equidistant jump pieces which are sequentially connected; the battery cathode joint is connected with the battery cathode;
the temperature sensing connecting assembly comprises a temperature sensor, a U-shaped spring joint, a spring screw and equidistant jump pieces which are sequentially connected;
the equidistant jump sheet is in signal connection with the data acquisition module.
Furthermore, the array type battery connection module also comprises an equidistant array wiring disc, and the data acquisition module and the thermal runaway trigger module are connected with the equidistant array wiring disc through spring screws and equidistant jumper strips;
the battery anode and the battery cathode connector are communicated with the equidistant array wiring disc through a U-shaped spring connector.
Furthermore, the thermal runaway environment simulation module comprises an explosion-proof thermostat, an array wiring hole and built-in heat insulation plates for equally dividing the explosion-proof thermostat; the equidistant array wiring plate is arranged above the explosion-proof constant temperature box. The built-in heat insulation board has a heat insulation function, can simulate the heat insulation design among all cylindrical battery monomers of the battery pack after combination, generally consists of a left heat insulation piece and a right heat insulation piece, and is provided with a cylindrical battery slot and a battery negative electrode connector slot in the middle. The negative electrode joint of the battery is arranged in the heat insulation space formed by the built-in heat insulation plate.
Furthermore, the equidistant array wiring plate is fixed above the explosion-proof thermostat through a U-shaped spring joint and a positioning sealing plug; when in test, the sealing plug is pressed by a spring screw, thermal runaway is generated in the box, the sealing plug is pushed open when the air pressure is too high, the connection with a battery is disconnected while pressure is relieved, and a data acquisition module and a thermal runaway trigger module are protected;
the array wiring holes penetrate through the explosion-proof thermostat from the equidistant array wiring plate.
Furthermore, the connection mode of the battery monomers in the array type battery connection module comprises a plurality of groups of serial connection, a plurality of groups of parallel connection, parallel connection after serial connection or serial connection after parallel connection.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) The invention uses a standardized connection mode and a heat insulation device, thereby greatly reducing errors possibly caused by the traditional connection mode and the test environment to the test;
(2) The invention adopts the modularized component design, expands the connection mode of the battery, and simultaneously avoids the condition that the performance of the device is greatly changed due to excessive aging and deformation of the component caused by battery combustion after the test of the traditional thermal runaway device is finished each time;
(3) The invention can realize various thermal runaway trigger modes, makes up the defect that the traditional device can only simulate specific thermal runaway trigger conditions, and is favorable for simulating the influence of different actual conditions on the thermal runaway process of the battery.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an exemplary simulation test apparatus;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of certain exemplary battery pack connections in an embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a thermal runaway time-temperature curve for three series connected cells tested in the examples;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal runaway trigger module in an embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the data acquisition module, the array battery connection module, and the internal sensor in the embodiment;
the reference numbers in the figures indicate: the device comprises a data acquisition module 1, a thermal runaway trigger module 2, an array battery connection module 3, spring screws 3-1, equidistant jumper strips 3-2, equidistant array wiring plates 3-3, U-shaped spring connectors 3-4, positioning sealing plugs 3-5, an explosion-proof thermostat 4, a temperature sensor 401, a voltage sensor 402, an air pressure sensor 403, a battery cathode connector 5-1 and a built-in heat insulation board 5-2.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in terms of particular embodiments, other advantages and features of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention and that it is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the present invention, the terms "upper" and "lower" are used for the sake of clarity only, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and changes and modifications of the relative relationship between the terms and the corresponding components may be made without substantial technical changes.
Examples
A simulation test device for observing the thermal runaway state of a cylindrical lithium battery is disclosed, and the device comprises: an array battery connection module 3; the data acquisition module 1 is used for acquiring data generated by the operation of the array type battery connection module 3; including but not limited to voltage, current, temperature, etc.; the thermal runaway trigger module 2 is used for providing a plurality of thermal runaway trigger modes for the array battery connection module 3; including but not limited to heating, overcharging, overdischarging, external short-circuiting, etc.; the thermal runaway environment simulation module is used for providing a thermal runaway environment for the array type battery connection module 3; the array battery connecting module 3 is positioned in the thermal runaway environment simulation module, and the data acquisition module 1 and the thermal runaway trigger module 2 are respectively in signal connection with the array battery connecting module 3.
The data acquisition module 1 comprises a voltage sensor 402 for acquiring voltage parameters in the array battery connection module 3. The thermal runaway environment simulation module is internally provided with an air pressure sensor 403 for acquiring air pressure parameters in the array type battery connection module 3, the array type battery connection module 3 is provided with a temperature sensor 401 for acquiring battery temperature parameters, and the air pressure sensor 403 and the temperature sensor 401 are respectively in signal connection with the data acquisition module 1. As shown in fig. 5, the data collection module 1 may collect and send the temperature of the lithium battery cell detected by the temperature sensor 401 in real time through the array battery connection module. Similarly, the array battery connection module collects the voltages of all the battery cells in the battery pack detected by the voltage sensor 402 in real time. Similarly, the array battery connection module collects the gas generation conditions of all the battery cells in the battery pack during the thermal runaway process detected by the gas pressure sensor 403 and the internal pressure changes of the battery cells in real time. It is to be understood that the positions of the temperature sensor 401, the voltage sensor 402, and the barometric pressure sensor 403 in fig. 5 are shown in dashed lines only to indicate the flow direction of the collected data, and do not represent the relative positions of the temperature sensor 401, the voltage sensor 402, and the barometric pressure sensor 403.
The thermal runaway trigger module 2 comprises a direct current power supply, a direct current electronic load, a variable resistance box and a large current lead which are connected in parallel; the main path and each branch path are provided with a dynamic contact. The array type battery connecting module 3 comprises a battery anode connecting component, a battery cathode connecting component and a temperature sensing connecting component. As shown in fig. 4, the start and stop of the thermal runaway trigger module 2 is handled by the total make contact. The total movable contact can be a circuit breaker with an overcurrent protection function. A direct current power supply used for thermal runaway triggering, such as overcharge triggering, overdischarge triggering and external short circuit triggering, a direct current electronic load, a variable resistance box used for simulating constant value resistance short circuit and a high-current lead used for simulating high-current short circuit are respectively connected in series with the movable contact 1-4 and then connected in parallel in a circuit. Preferably, the movable contacts 1-4 can be selected from electromagnetic relays, control circuits of the electromagnetic relays are connected in parallel, and a single control circuit is closed by selecting the movable contacts 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, so that different movable contacts are prevented from being closed at the same time and equipment is prevented from being damaged.
The battery positive electrode connecting assembly comprises a U-shaped spring joint 3-4, a spring screw 3-1 and equidistant jumper strips 3-2 which are sequentially connected; the U-shaped spring connector 3-4 is connected with the positive electrode of the battery; the connection part of the spring screw 3-1 and the U-shaped spring joint 3-4 is a linear bulge which is aligned with the U-shaped spring joint 3-4 during connection, so that the linear bulge is vertical to the U-shaped spring joint 3-4 and can be disconnected; the battery negative electrode connecting assembly comprises a battery negative electrode connector 5-1, a U-shaped spring connector 3-4, a spring screw 3-1 and equidistant jump pieces 3-2 which are sequentially connected; the battery negative electrode joint 5-1 is connected with the battery negative electrode; the temperature sensing connection assembly comprises a temperature sensor 401, a U-shaped spring joint 3-4, a spring screw 3-1 and equidistant jump pieces 3-2 which are sequentially connected; the equidistant jumper 3-2 is in signal connection with the data acquisition module 1.
The array type battery connection module 3 also comprises an equidistant array wiring disc 3-3, and the data acquisition module 1 and the thermal runaway trigger module 2 are connected with the equidistant array wiring disc 3-3 through spring screws 3-1 and equidistant jumper pieces 3-2; the battery anode and battery cathode connectors 5-1 are communicated with the equidistant array wiring plate 3-3 through U-shaped spring connectors 3-4. In practical applications, thermal runaway of the cells typically eventually leads to thermal runaway of the entire battery pack. Therefore, it is necessary to study the thermal runaway of the lithium battery pack while studying the thermal runaway of the lithium battery cells. As shown in fig. 2, the battery circuit on the equidistant array connecting disc is connected with the embodiment, and four connection modes in the figure can represent various connection combinations of the battery, including multiple groups of series connection, multiple groups of parallel connection, parallel connection after series connection, serial connection after parallel connection, and the like.
As shown in fig. 2 (1) and fig. 3, an example of a thermal runaway process for three battery cells connected in series on an equidistant array connection pad is shown. The three single batteries are vertically arranged in a row, two ends of the 2# battery are connected with the thermal runaway trigger module 2, and the thermal runaway is triggered in a mode of overcharging the 2# battery. The data acquisition module 1 is connected with the array type battery connection module to monitor the surface temperature change of the battery monomer in the thermal runaway process of the lithium battery pack. Thermal runaway of the 2# battery in the battery pack causes thermal runaway of the 1# and 3# batteries. The thermal runaway transmission intervals of the 1# and 3# batteries were 494s and 575s, respectively, while the maximum temperatures reached during thermal runaway of the 1#, 2# and 3# batteries were 641 ℃, 630 ℃ and 648 ℃, respectively.
The thermal runaway environment simulation module comprises an explosion-proof constant temperature box 4, an array wiring hole and a built-in heat insulation plate 5-2 for equally dividing the explosion-proof constant temperature box 4; and the equidistant array wiring plate 3-3 is arranged above the explosion-proof thermostat 4. The built-in heat insulation board 5-2 has a heat insulation function, can simulate the heat insulation design among all cylindrical battery monomers of the battery pack after combination, generally consists of a left heat insulation piece and a right heat insulation piece, and is provided with a cylindrical battery slot and a battery negative electrode connector slot in the middle. The battery negative electrode terminal 5-1 is arranged in the heat insulation space formed by the built-in heat insulation plate 5-2. The equidistant array wiring plate 3-3 is fixed above the explosion-proof thermostat 4 through a U-shaped spring joint 3-4 and a positioning sealing plug 3-5; when in test, the sealing plug is pressed by a spring screw, thermal runaway is generated in the box, the sealing plug is pushed open when the air pressure is too high, the connection with a battery is disconnected while pressure is relieved, and a data acquisition module and a thermal runaway trigger module are protected; the array wiring holes penetrate through the explosion-proof thermostat 4 from the equidistant array wiring plate 3-3.
In conclusion, the invention has the following advantages: 1. the system error is small: through the use of a standardized connection mode and a heat insulation device, the difference between each battery cell caused by connection and a test environment is eliminated, and the effectiveness and the repeatability of the test are ensured; 2. modular installation: through modular components such as equidistant jumper strips, spring screws, U-shaped spring joints and the like, the test device can be quickly installed, disassembled or replaced according to test requirements; 3. the degree of freedom of combination is high: through the equidistant array type wiring plate, the equidistant jumper and the like, the quick series-parallel combination can be freely carried out among all the battery monomers, and various thermal runaway tests can be carried out on the connection conditions of different batteries (groups); 4. the thermal runaway trigger mode is various: through integrated DC power supply, DC load and heavy current resistance case, cooperation explosion-proof thermostated container can realize that multiple thermal runaway trigger mode (including but not limited to heating, overcharge, overdischarge and external short circuit etc.) switches, the thermal runaway action of battery (group) under the different trigger modes of comparative research of being convenient for.
Although the invention has been described in detail with respect to the general description and the specific embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and improvements may be made based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an investigates cylindrical lithium cell thermal runaway state and uses simulation test device which characterized in that the device includes:
an array battery connection module (3);
the data acquisition module (1) is used for acquiring data generated when the array type battery connection module (3) works;
the thermal runaway trigger module (2) is used for providing a plurality of thermal runaway trigger modes for the array type battery connection module (3);
the thermal runaway environment simulation module is used for providing a thermal runaway environment for the array type battery connection module (3);
the array battery connection module (3) is positioned in the thermal runaway environment simulation module, and the data acquisition module (1) and the thermal runaway trigger module (2) are respectively in signal connection with the array battery connection module (3).
2. The simulation test device for investigating the thermal runaway state of a cylindrical lithium battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the data acquisition module (1) comprises a voltage sensor (402) for acquiring voltage parameters in the array battery connection module (3).
3. The simulation test device for inspecting the thermal runaway state of the cylindrical lithium battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein an air pressure sensor (403) for acquiring air pressure parameters in the array type battery connection module (3) is arranged in the thermal runaway environment simulation module, a temperature sensor (401) for acquiring battery temperature parameters is arranged on the array type battery connection module (3), and the air pressure sensor (403) and the temperature sensor (401) are respectively in signal connection with the data acquisition module (1).
4. The simulation test device for inspecting the thermal runaway state of the cylindrical lithium battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thermal runaway trigger module (2) comprises a direct current power supply, a direct current electronic load, a variable resistance box and a high current lead which are connected in parallel; the main path and each branch path are provided with a dynamic contact.
5. The simulation test device for investigating the thermal runaway state of a cylindrical lithium battery as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the array type battery connection module (3) comprises a battery positive electrode connection assembly, a battery negative electrode connection assembly and a temperature sensing connection assembly.
6. The simulation test device for inspecting the thermal runaway state of the cylindrical lithium battery as claimed in claim 5, wherein the battery positive electrode connecting assembly comprises a U-shaped spring joint (3-4), a spring screw (3-1) and equidistant jumper strips (3-2) which are sequentially connected; the U-shaped spring joint (3-4) is connected with the positive electrode of the battery;
the battery negative electrode connecting assembly comprises a battery negative electrode connector (5-1), a U-shaped spring connector (3-4), a spring screw (3-1) and equidistant jump pieces (3-2) which are sequentially connected; the battery cathode joint (5-1) is connected with the battery cathode;
the temperature sensing connection assembly comprises a temperature sensor (401), a U-shaped spring joint (3-4), a spring screw (3-1) and equidistant jump pieces (3-2) which are connected in sequence;
the equidistant jump pieces (3-2) are in signal connection with the data acquisition module (1).
7. The simulation test device for inspecting the thermal runaway state of the cylindrical lithium battery as claimed in claim 6, wherein the array type battery connection module (3) further comprises an equidistant array wiring board (3-3), and the data acquisition module (1) and the thermal runaway trigger module (2) are connected with the equidistant array wiring board (3-3) through a spring screw (3-1) and an equidistant jumper (3-2);
the battery anode and the battery cathode connector (5-1) are communicated with the equidistant array wiring disc (3-3) through a U-shaped spring connector (3-4).
8. The simulation test device for inspecting the thermal runaway state of the cylindrical lithium battery according to claim 7, wherein the thermal runaway environment simulation module comprises an explosion-proof thermostat (4), an array wiring hole and built-in heat insulation plates (5-2) for equally dividing the explosion-proof thermostat (4); the equidistant array wiring plate (3-3) is arranged above the explosion-proof thermostat (4).
9. The simulation test device for inspecting the thermal runaway state of the cylindrical lithium battery as claimed in claim 8, wherein the equidistant array wiring board (3-3) is fixed above the explosion-proof thermostat (4) through a U-shaped spring joint (3-4) and a positioning sealing plug (3-5);
the array wiring holes penetrate through the explosion-proof thermostat (4) from the equidistant array wiring plate (3-3).
10. The simulation test device for investigating the thermal runaway state of a cylindrical lithium battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the connection modes of the battery cells in the array battery connection module (3) include a plurality of groups of series connection, a plurality of groups of parallel connection, parallel connection after series connection, or series connection after parallel connection.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115561646A (en) * | 2022-11-24 | 2023-01-03 | 中国民用航空飞行学院 | Method and device for testing external short circuit experiment of lithium ion battery in dynamic pressure and variable temperature environment |
| CN116296877A (en) * | 2023-05-19 | 2023-06-23 | 苏州精控能源科技有限公司 | Method and device for detecting quality of energy storage battery pack box body |
| CN117310542A (en) * | 2023-11-03 | 2023-12-29 | 广东众志检测仪器有限公司 | Battery module thermal performance detection method and system |
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2022
- 2022-07-29 CN CN202210907609.1A patent/CN115372837A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115561646A (en) * | 2022-11-24 | 2023-01-03 | 中国民用航空飞行学院 | Method and device for testing external short circuit experiment of lithium ion battery in dynamic pressure and variable temperature environment |
| CN116296877A (en) * | 2023-05-19 | 2023-06-23 | 苏州精控能源科技有限公司 | Method and device for detecting quality of energy storage battery pack box body |
| CN116296877B (en) * | 2023-05-19 | 2023-07-25 | 苏州精控能源科技有限公司 | Method and device for detecting quality of energy storage battery pack box body |
| CN117310542A (en) * | 2023-11-03 | 2023-12-29 | 广东众志检测仪器有限公司 | Battery module thermal performance detection method and system |
| CN117310542B (en) * | 2023-11-03 | 2024-03-26 | 广东众志检测仪器有限公司 | Battery module thermal performance detection method and system |
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