CN115372751B - Multichannel batched TR component noise coefficient testing method - Google Patents
Multichannel batched TR component noise coefficient testing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115372751B CN115372751B CN202211299506.8A CN202211299506A CN115372751B CN 115372751 B CN115372751 B CN 115372751B CN 202211299506 A CN202211299506 A CN 202211299506A CN 115372751 B CN115372751 B CN 115372751B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/01—Subjecting similar articles in turn to test, e.g. "go/no-go" tests in mass production; Testing objects at points as they pass through a testing station
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R1/00—Details of instruments or arrangements of the types included in groups G01R5/00 - G01R13/00 and G01R31/00
- G01R1/02—General constructional details
- G01R1/04—Housings; Supporting members; Arrangements of terminals
- G01R1/0408—Test fixtures or contact fields; Connectors or connecting adaptors; Test clips; Test sockets
- G01R1/0416—Connectors, terminals
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R29/00—Arrangements for measuring or indicating electric quantities not covered by groups G01R19/00 - G01R27/00
- G01R29/26—Measuring noise figure; Measuring signal-to-noise ratio
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/40—Means for monitoring or calibrating
- G01S7/4004—Means for monitoring or calibrating of parts of a radar system
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for testing noise coefficients of multi-channel batched TR components, which comprises the following steps: s1, selecting a calibration piece, testing the noise coefficient of each receiving branch of the calibration piece, and calculating an average noise coefficient as calibration data; s2, selecting a test tool, and testing the insertion loss of the test tool; s3, connecting the test tool with the tested component, and testing the total noise coefficient; s4, calculating the noise coefficient of the tested component; s5: comparing the calibration data with the noise coefficient of the tested component, and judging whether the indexes of the tested component are qualified or not; and S6, replacing the tested component, and repeating the steps S3-S5 to realize batch testing. The invention solves the problem that the multi-channel receiving assembly is difficult to test the noise coefficient in batch; the noise coefficient of the calibration piece is compared and analyzed with the noise coefficient of the component to be detected, so that the rapid detection of batch products is realized; the test fixture adopts the blind plug connector, so that the component to be tested can be conveniently replaced, the rapid test of batch products is realized, and the test efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of testing, in particular to a multichannel batched TR component noise coefficient testing method.
Background
The phased array radar system has the characteristics of long detection distance, high data updating rate, high target tracking and measuring accuracy and the like, so that the phased array radar system is widely applied to space target monitoring and ballistic missile defense. With the development of space technology and space detection, monitoring, tracking, identification and the like of space targets become more and more important. The noise coefficient is an important technical index for measuring the performance of a wireless communication system, the noise coefficient is too large, a received weak signal can be covered in noise, a required signal is difficult to extract, the sensitivity of the system is influenced, and the noise coefficient of a TR component is a key index for determining the noise coefficient of the receiving system, so that the accurate test of the noise coefficient of a multi-channel TR component is crucial, a test method for the noise coefficient of the multi-channel TR component is rarely explained by referring to related documents at home and abroad, the noise coefficient test is basically carried out on a single-channel component, and the method comprises the following steps of: CN 106253999A, "method for testing single-channel noise coefficient of multi-port power division synthesis network", when testing noise coefficient of one branch, although matching loads are added to other ports, mismatch of the corresponding ports and external interference are not caused, but an amplifier of each branch works, thermal noise of the amplifier is introduced, and finally, the thermal noise of each branch is synthesized by the power division synthesis network and is superimposed on the branch to be tested, which affects accuracy of noise coefficient test result.
If the noise coefficient test is carried out on one path of input to output of the multi-channel TR component, other paths must be powered off, or the thermal noise of other paths can be introduced into the noise coefficient test, so that the noise coefficient test of the path is inaccurate. However, for the test of batch products, the method for power failure is unrealistic, in order to test the noise coefficient of one path and perform power failure treatment on other paths, one module needs to be repeatedly disassembled and welded, time and labor are excessively consumed, and the product is lost.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a method for testing the noise coefficients of the multi-channel batch TR components, which solves the problem that the noise coefficients of the multi-channel receiving components are difficult to test in batch and can quickly screen qualified products.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a multichannel batched TR component noise coefficient test method comprises the following steps:
s1: selecting a qualified multi-channel TR component with the same radio frequency circuit as the radio frequency circuit of the tested component as a calibration component, setting a power switch for each receiving branch of the calibration component, sequentially testing the noise coefficient of each receiving branch of the calibration component through the power switch and a noise coefficient analyzer, and calculating the average noise coefficient as calibration data.
S2: choose test fixture for use, test fixture divides the ware for one minute N merit, adopts blind plug, and N is the quantity of subassembly receiving branch road under test, carries out insertion loss test to test fixture through vector network analyzer, and its concrete step is:
s201: the vector network analyzer is connected with an input port and an output port of the test tool, the other output ports are connected with a 50 omega load, and the vector network analyzer is started to test the insertion loss of the path under different frequencies;
s202: sequentially replacing the output ports of the measurement and control tool connected with the vector network analyzer, and obtaining the insertion loss of each path of the test tool according to the method in the step S201;
s203: calculating the average insertion loss of all the paths of the test fixture;
s204: and calculating the actual insertion loss of the test tool, wherein the actual insertion loss = the average insertion loss-the theoretical loss, and the theoretical loss is 10logN.
S3: the output port of the test tool is sequentially connected with the receiving branch of the tested component, and the noise coefficient analyzer is connected with the input of the test tool and the output of the tested component to test the total noise coefficient.
S4: and calculating the noise coefficient of the tested component, wherein the noise coefficient of the tested component = the total noise coefficient-the actual insertion loss.
S5: and comparing the calibration data of the step S1 with the noise coefficient of the step S4, and judging whether the indexes of the tested component meet the technical requirements.
S6: and replacing the tested component, and repeating the steps S3-S5 to realize batch testing.
Further, before using the vector network analyzer, calibration is performed, and the calibration steps are as follows:
setting a working frequency, setting the starting frequency of an instrument as the minimum frequency of the working frequency of the measured workpiece according to 'START' on the instrument, and setting the ending frequency of the instrument as the maximum frequency of the working frequency of the measured workpiece according to 'STOP' on the instrument;
setting output power, pressing 'MENU' of the instrument, selecting a button corresponding to 'power' on the right side of a screen, and typing in 0dBm through a keyboard on the instrument;
calibrating the instrument dual port: pressing a 'CAL' key on the vector network analyzer to enter a dual-PORT calibration interface, sequentially selecting 'CALIBRATE MENU' → 'FULL 2-PORT' → 'REFLECTION', and respectively calibrating 'SHORT', 'OPEN', 'LOAD' and 'THRU'.
Further, before using the noise coefficient analyzer, calibration is performed, and the calibration steps are as follows:
connecting a Noise Source with an SNS Series Noise Source interface of a Noise coefficient analyzer, and respectively connecting a connecting cable with an INPUT 50 omega interface of the Noise Source and the Noise coefficient analyzer through a straight-through head;
after connection is completed, pressing a "Format" key, selecting a "Table" command, and setting a "Frequency" menu on a noise coefficient analyzer interface, wherein the "Frequency" menu appears on the noise coefficient analyzer interface, and the "Freq Mode" → sweet, "Start Freq" → measured piece starting Frequency Fout1, "Stop Freq" → measured piece ending Frequency Fout2, and "Center Freq" → measured piece Center Frequency Fout are sequentially arranged;
after the setting is finished, continuously pressing a calibration key 'Callbrate' twice to start calibration, and when the noise coefficient 'NoiseFig dB' and the Gain 'Gain dB' on the display interface are all zero, finishing the calibration.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the problem that the noise coefficient of a multi-channel receiving assembly is difficult to test in batch is solved;
2. the noise coefficient of the calibration piece is compared and analyzed with the noise coefficient of the component to be detected, so that the rapid detection of batch products is realized;
3. the test fixture adopts the blind plug and socket joint, so that the component to be tested can be conveniently replaced, the rapid test of batch products is realized, and the test efficiency is greatly improved.
Drawings
To illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the drawings of the embodiments will be briefly introduced, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description only relate to some embodiments of the present invention, and are not to limit the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the noise figure testing principle of the calibration unit of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating an insertion loss testing principle of the testing tool of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the overall noise figure test principle of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the invention without inventive step, are within the scope of protection of the invention.
Unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. The use of "including" or "comprising" and the like in this disclosure is intended to mean that the elements or items listed before that word, and equivalents thereof, are included without exclusion of other elements or items. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are used merely to indicate relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object being described is changed, the relative positional relationships may also be changed accordingly.
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
A multi-channel batched TR component noise coefficient test method is characterized in that a tested component is an 8-channel TR component, and the method comprises the following steps:
s1: and selecting a qualified 8-channel TR component with the same radio frequency circuit as the radio frequency circuit of the tested component as a calibration component, and setting a power switch for each receiving branch of the calibration component. When testing the first path of noise coefficient, the power supply of other 7 paths of receiving branches is turned off through a power supply switch, a noise coefficient analyzer is used for testing, and as shown in figure 1, the test result is recorded into a test recording table 1; the same method tests other 7 branches in sequence, and records the test result into test table 1, and averages 8-way noise coefficient data to obtain the average noise coefficient as the calibration data. The test method of step S1 is too time consuming for batch production, and is used for comparison analysis of test data of subsequent batch production and as a basis for determining whether the product is up to standard.
S2: choose test fixture for use, test fixture divides the ware for one minute N merit, adopts blind plug, and N is the quantity of subassembly receiving branch road under test, and the ware is divided for one minute eight merit for this embodiment, carries out insertion loss test to test fixture through vector network analyzer, as shown in fig. 2, its concrete step is:
s201: the vector network analyzer is connected with an input port and an output port of the test tool, the other 7 output ports are connected with a 50 omega load, the vector network analyzer is started to test the insertion loss of the path under different frequencies, and the insertion loss is recorded into a test table 2;
s202: sequentially replacing the output ports of the measurement and control tool connected with the vector network analyzer, obtaining the insertion loss of each path of the test tool according to the method in the step S201, and recording the insertion loss into a test table 2;
s203: calculating the average insertion loss of all the channels of the test fixture, and recording the average insertion loss into a test table 2;
s204: and calculating the actual insertion loss of the test tool, and recording the actual insertion loss into a test table 2. Actual insertion loss = average insertion loss — theoretical loss, and theoretical loss is 10logN, and theoretical loss in this embodiment is 10log8=9db.
S3: the output port of the test fixture is sequentially connected with the receiving branch of the tested component, the noise coefficient analyzer is connected with the input of the test fixture and the output of the tested component, as shown in fig. 3, the total noise coefficient is tested, and the total noise coefficient is recorded in a test table 3:
s4: calculating the noise coefficient of the tested component, and looking up the data to know that the noise coefficient calculation formula of the cascade system is as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,NFis the system noise coefficient;NF 1 is the first-stage noise coefficient;NF 2 is the second-stage noise figure;NF 3 is the third-stage noise figure;G 1 is a first stage gain;G 2 is the second stage gain.
Therefore, the noise coefficient calculation formula of the cascade system can be known as follows: noise figure of the tested component = total noise figure-actual insertion loss. Entry test table 4:
s5: comparing the calibration data of the step S1 with the noise coefficient of the step S4, and determining whether the measured component index meets the technical requirement, where the qualified index in this embodiment is 1.3, and the determination result is shown in table 5:
s6: replacing the tested component, repeating the steps S3-S5, realizing batch testing, wherein the measured data of a plurality of modules is shown in a table 6:
through comparative analysis, the data tested by the test method is consistent with the data of the test calibration module, the design requirement is met, the test data is accurate and reliable, and the test method is feasible.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. A multi-channel batched TR component noise coefficient testing method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: selecting a qualified multi-channel TR component with a radio frequency circuit identical to that of a tested component as a calibration piece, setting a power switch for each receiving branch of the calibration piece, sequentially testing the noise coefficient of each receiving branch of the calibration piece through the power switch and a noise coefficient analyzer, and calculating an average noise coefficient as calibration data;
s2: selecting a test tool, wherein the test tool is an one-to-N power divider, adopting a blind plug-in connector, and carrying out insertion loss test on the test tool through a vector network analyzer, wherein N is the number of receiving branches of a tested assembly;
s3: the output port of the test tool is sequentially connected with the receiving branch of the tested assembly, and two ports of the noise coefficient analyzer are respectively connected with the input port of the test tool and the output port of the tested assembly to test the total noise coefficient;
s4: calculating the noise coefficient of the tested component;
s5: comparing the calibration data of the step S1 with the noise coefficient of the step S4, and judging whether the indexes of the tested component are qualified or not;
s6: and replacing the tested component, and repeating the steps S3-S5 to realize batch testing.
2. The method for testing the noise coefficient of the multi-channel batched TR components as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step S2 of testing the insertion loss of the test tool comprises the following specific steps:
s201: the vector network analyzer is connected with an input port and an output port of the test fixture to form a channel, the other output ports of the test fixture are connected with a 50 omega load to form a broken circuit, and the vector network analyzer is started to test the insertion loss of the channel under different frequencies;
s202: sequentially replacing the output ports of the measurement and control tool connected with the vector network analyzer, and obtaining the insertion loss of each path of the test tool according to the method in the step S201;
s203: calculating the average insertion loss of all the paths of the test fixture;
s204: and calculating the actual insertion loss of the test tool, wherein the actual insertion loss = average insertion loss-theoretical loss, and the theoretical loss is 10logN.
3. The method for testing the noise figure of the multi-channel batched TR components as claimed in claim 2, wherein the noise figure of the tested components in the step S4 = total noise figure-actual insertion loss.
4. The method for testing the noise coefficients of the multiple-channel batched TR components as claimed in claim 1, wherein calibration is performed before a vector network analyzer is used, and the calibration steps are as follows:
setting working frequency, setting the starting frequency of the instrument as the minimum frequency of the working frequency of the tested piece according to 'START' on the instrument, and setting the ending frequency of the instrument as the maximum frequency of the working frequency of the tested piece according to 'STOP' on the instrument;
setting output power, pressing 'MENU' of the instrument, selecting a button corresponding to 'power' on the right side of a screen, and typing in 0dBm through a keyboard on the instrument;
calibrating the two ports of the instrument: pressing a 'CAL' key on a vector network analyzer to enter a dual-PORT calibration interface, sequentially selecting 'CALIBRATE MENU' → 'FULL 2-PORT' → 'REFLECTION', and respectively calibrating 'SHORT', 'OPEN', 'LOAD' and 'THRU'.
5. The method for testing the noise coefficients of the multi-channel batched TR components as claimed in claim 1, wherein the calibration is performed before a noise coefficient analyzer is used, and the calibration step is as follows:
connecting a Noise Source with an interface of a Noise coefficient analyzer SNS Series Noise Source, and respectively connecting a connecting cable with an INPUT 50 omega interface of the Noise Source and the Noise coefficient analyzer through a through head;
after connection is completed, pressing a "Format" key, selecting a "Table" command, wherein a "Frequency" menu appears on a noise coefficient analyzer interface, and sequentially setting a "freqmode" → sweet, "Start Freq" → measured piece starting Frequency Fout1, "Stop Freq" → measured piece terminating Frequency Fout2, and "Center Freq" → measured piece Center Frequency Fout;
after the setting is finished, continuously pressing a calibration key 'Callbrate' twice to start calibration, and when the noise coefficient 'NoiseFig dB' and the Gain 'Gain dB' on the display interface return to zero, the calibration is finished.
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