CN115369298A - Heat-treatment-free magnesium alloy damping tower and high-vacuum die casting method and application thereof - Google Patents
Heat-treatment-free magnesium alloy damping tower and high-vacuum die casting method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115369298A CN115369298A CN202210894576.1A CN202210894576A CN115369298A CN 115369298 A CN115369298 A CN 115369298A CN 202210894576 A CN202210894576 A CN 202210894576A CN 115369298 A CN115369298 A CN 115369298A
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- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 99
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium atom Chemical compound [Be] ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C23/00—Alloys based on magnesium
- C22C23/02—Alloys based on magnesium with aluminium as the next major constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/14—Machines with evacuated die cavity
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D25/00—Superstructure or monocoque structure sub-units; Parts or details thereof not otherwise provided for
- B62D25/08—Front or rear portions
- B62D25/088—Details of structures as upper supports for springs or dampers
Abstract
A heat treatment-free magnesium alloy damping tower, a high vacuum die casting method and application thereof. The invention belongs to the field of lightweight damping towers. The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the existing damping tower can not meet the requirement of mechanical property without heat treatment and the existing preparation method after heat treatment has complex operation system and steps. The high vacuum die casting method of the invention comprises the following steps: step 1: preheating the magnesium alloy; and 2, step: putting the preheated magnesium alloy into a crucible, and smelting in a protective atmosphere to obtain an alloy melt; and step 3: casting the alloy melt into a die-casting die for high-vacuum die-casting, wherein the high-speed of a punch is 5.5-7m/s, the injection specific pressure is 80-120MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 8-15s; and 4, step 4: and carrying out post-treatment on the die-cast test piece to obtain the heat-treatment-free magnesium alloy damping tower. The heat-treatment-free magnesium alloy damping tower is applied to the field of passenger vehicles.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of lightweight damping towers, and particularly relates to a heat-treatment-free magnesium alloy damping tower and a high-vacuum die-casting method and application thereof.
Background
With the establishment of the global development direction of automobile technology "low-carbon", the light weight of automobiles is the current trend, and automobile parts are developing towards the technical direction of lighter weight and stronger performance.
The damping tower is used as an important component in a body structural member of a passenger vehicle and mainly comprises a steel damping tower and an aluminum alloy damping tower. The steel damping tower is mainly formed by stamping and welding sheet metal parts, and is large in product weight, low in overall rigidity and strength and multiple in product production procedures. In contrast, the aluminum alloy shock absorption tower can replace the steel shock absorption tower with a traditional stamping and welding structure through an integrated die-casting method, and the overall rigidity and the strength of the product are improved while the weight of the product is reduced. Therefore, at home and abroad, medium-high grade, luxury and new energy vehicle types mostly adopt aluminum alloy shock absorption towers. However, after the aluminum alloy shock absorber is die-cast and formed, the product performance requirements can be met by means of T7 heat treatment, and the heat treatment deformation and the heat treatment bubbling risk of the product are increased while the product cost is increased.
Meanwhile, with the gradual improvement of the lightweight requirement of the whole automobile, the lightweight effect of the die-casting aluminum alloy damping tower needs to be further improved from the three technical aspects of structure, process and material. The existing Chinese patent with publication number CN109622909A discloses a forming method of a high solid-phase semi-solid damping tower, which is based on an SEED high solid-phase pulping unit and an EMS electromagnetic stirring unit or a GISS electromagnetic stirring unit, changes the structure state of raw materials, enables the raw materials to be cast at a temperature close to a solidus line, has a stable filling speed, reduces the gas entrainment probability in the filling process, increases the compactness of products, enables the products to meet performance requirements without heat treatment, and saves the cost. However, the material involved in the patent is an aluminum alloy material, and although the patent enables the as-cast product without heat treatment to satisfy the mechanical properties, the addition of a SEED high solid phase pulping unit and an EMS electromagnetic stirring unit or a GISS electromagnetic stirring unit is liable to increase the equipment failure rate. In addition, compared with other aluminum alloy die-casting damping towers, further weight reduction is not realized. Therefore, it is important to develop a method for preparing the shock absorption tower, which is convenient to operate and simple in steps, and simultaneously, the obtained shock absorption tower can meet the requirements on mechanical properties and light weight without heat treatment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a heat-treatment-free magnesium alloy damping tower, a high-vacuum die-casting method and application thereof, aiming at solving the technical problems that the conventional damping tower cannot meet the requirement on mechanical property without heat treatment and the conventional heat-treated preparation method has complex operation system and steps.
The invention aims to provide a high vacuum die casting method of a heat-treatment-free magnesium alloy damping tower, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: preheating the magnesium alloy;
step 2: putting the preheated magnesium alloy into a crucible, and smelting in a protective atmosphere to obtain an alloy melt;
and step 3: casting the alloy melt into a die-casting die for high-vacuum die-casting, wherein the high-speed of a punch is 5.5-7m/s, the injection specific pressure is 80-120MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 8-15s;
and 4, step 4: and carrying out post-treatment on the test piece after die casting to obtain the heat-treatment-free magnesium alloy damping tower.
Further limiting, the magnesium alloy in the step 1 comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass:
aluminum: 5.6 to 6.4 percent,
Zinc: 0.005-0.3%,
Manganese: 0.26 to 0.5 percent,
Beryllium: less than or equal to 0.0015 percent,
Silicon: less than or equal to 0.10 percent,
Iron: less than or equal to 0.0035 percent,
Copper: less than or equal to 0.01 percent,
Nickel: less than or equal to 0.002 percent,
Less than or equal to 0.02 percent of other inevitable impurities,
The balance being magnesium.
Further limiting, the preheating process in the step 1 is as follows: preheating the magnesium alloy for 0.5-1h at 100-120 ℃.
Further limiting, the protective gas in step 2 is SF 6 And N 2 In which SF 6 And N 2 The volume ratio of (1) to (9-11).
Further limiting, the alloy is extracted from the lower part of the melt liquid level during casting in the step 3, and the temperature of the alloy melt during casting is 680-700 ℃.
Further, in step 3, the die-casting mold uses circulating heating oil as a medium for controlling the temperature field of the mold during the preheating and die-casting processes of the mold.
More particularly, the mold is controlled to a preheating temperature of 180 to 200 ℃ by heating oil.
Further limited, the temperature of the die during the die casting process is controlled to be 200-260 ℃ by heating oil.
Further limiting, in the step 3, the die casting punch is water-cooled, and the temperature is controlled to be 40-70 ℃.
And 3, further limiting, spraying a release agent on the die-casting die before die-casting in the step 3, wherein the spraying time is 10-15s.
Further limiting, in the step 3, in the die casting process, the low speed of the punch is 0.4-0.7m/s.
Further defined, the post-processing in step 4 includes trimming, runner removal, and machining.
The invention also aims to provide the heat-treatment-free magnesium alloy shock absorption tower obtained by the method.
The invention further aims to provide the heat-treatment-free magnesium alloy shock absorption tower obtained by the method, which is applied to the field of passenger vehicles.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1) The invention develops a high-vacuum die-casting production method of a heat-treatment-free magnesium alloy damping tower, so that a magnesium alloy damping tower product can meet the requirement on mechanical property without a heat treatment process, and the risk of heat treatment deformation and bubbling of the product is reduced; compared with an aluminum alloy damping tower, the weight of the damping tower can be further reduced by 30%, and the extremely light weight effect is achieved.
2) The invention solves the problem that the product performance can be met only after the T7 heat treatment is carried out on the existing die-casting damping tower, effectively shortens the production process, reduces the manufacturing cost and is suitable for industrial production.
3) The high-speed of the magnesium alloy shock absorption tower punch is 5.5-7m/s, which is far higher than that of the existing aluminum alloy shock absorption tower punch and is less than or equal to 5m/s. The purpose is to ensure that the proper temperature reduction speed of the magnesium alloy melt is maintained in the mold filling process of products with the same size and the same mold temperature field. The shock absorption tower product belongs to a large-size thin-wall part product, and in order to ensure the far-end filling integrity and the far-end mechanical property of the product, the high-speed of a punch and the temperature field of a die are improved according to the characteristics of a magnesium alloy material, so that the filling integrity and the far-end mechanical property of the magnesium alloy shock absorption tower product are ensured.
4) According to the invention, the shrinkage porosity quantity in the damping tower is regulated and controlled by regulating and controlling the injection specific pressure of the magnesium alloy damping tower product, and the mechanical property of the product is obviously improved under the injection specific pressure of 80-120MPa (which is far higher than the injection specific pressure of the aluminum alloy damping tower and is less than or equal to 70 MPa), so that the magnesium alloy damping tower provided by the invention can meet the mechanical property requirement of the product without heat treatment.
Drawings
FIG. 1a is a schematic view of a magnesium alloy shock tower of example 1;
FIG. 1b is a schematic view of a magnesium alloy shock tower of comparative example 1;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing mechanical properties of a magnesium alloy shock tower according to example 1;
FIG. 3a is a view showing the inner mass of the magnesium alloy shock-absorbing tower according to example 1;
FIG. 3b is a graph showing the internal mass of the magnesium alloy shock-absorbing tower of comparative example 2.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The experimental procedures used in the following examples are conventional unless otherwise specified. The materials, reagents, methods and apparatus used, unless otherwise specified, are conventional in the art and are commercially available to those skilled in the art.
The terms "comprises," "comprising," "includes," "including," "has," "having," "contains" or any other variation thereof, as used in the following embodiments, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a composition, process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements is not necessarily limited to only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such composition, process, method, article, or apparatus.
When an amount, concentration, or other value or parameter is expressed as a range, preferred range, or as a range of upper preferable values and lower preferable values, this is to be understood as specifically disclosing all ranges formed from any pair of any upper range limit or preferred value and any lower range limit or preferred value, regardless of whether ranges are separately disclosed. For example, when a range of "1 to 5" is disclosed, the described range should be interpreted to include the ranges "1 to 4", "1 to 3", "1 to 2 and 4 to 5", "1 to 3 and 5", and the like. When a range of values is described herein, unless otherwise specified, the range is intended to include the endpoints thereof, and all integers and fractions within the range. In the present description and claims, range limitations may be combined and/or interchanged, including all sub-ranges contained therein if not otherwise stated.
The indefinite articles "a" and "an" preceding an element or component of the invention are used without limitation to the number requirement (i.e., the number of occurrences) of the element or component. Thus, "a" or "an" should be read to include one or at least one, and the singular form of an element or component also includes the plural unless the number clearly indicates that the singular form is clear
The first embodiment is as follows: the embodiment aims to provide a high-vacuum die-casting method of a heat-treatment-free magnesium alloy shock absorption tower, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: preheating the magnesium alloy;
step 2: putting the preheated magnesium alloy into a crucible, and smelting in a protective atmosphere to obtain an alloy melt;
and step 3: casting the alloy melt into a die-casting die for high-vacuum die-casting, wherein in the high-vacuum die-casting process:
the high speed of the punch is 5.5-7m/s,
the injection specific pressure is 80-120MPa,
the pressure maintaining time is 8-15s;
and 4, step 4: and carrying out post-treatment on the die-cast test piece to obtain the heat-treatment-free magnesium alloy damping tower.
The second embodiment is as follows: the first difference between the present embodiment and the specific embodiment is: the magnesium alloy in the step 1 comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass:
aluminum: 5.6 to 6.4 percent,
Zinc: 0.005-0.3%,
Manganese: 0.26 to 0.5 percent,
Beryllium: less than or equal to 0.0015 percent,
Silicon: less than or equal to 0.10 percent,
Iron: less than or equal to 0.0035 percent,
Copper: less than or equal to 0.01 percent,
Nickel: less than or equal to 0.002 percent,
Less than or equal to 0.02 percent of other inevitable impurities,
The balance being magnesium.
Other steps and parameters are the same as those in the first embodiment.
The third concrete implementation mode: the first difference between the present embodiment and the specific embodiment is: the preheating process in the step 1 is as follows: preheating the magnesium alloy at 100-120 ℃ for 0.5-1h. Other steps and parameters are the same as those in the first embodiment.
The fourth concrete implementation mode: the first difference between the present embodiment and the specific embodiment is: in step 2, the protective gas is SF 6 And N 2 The other steps and parameters of the mixture of (1) are the same as those of the first embodiment.
The fifth concrete implementation mode is as follows: the fourth difference between this embodiment and the specific embodiment is that: SF 6 And N 2 Is 1: (9-11). Other steps and parameters are the same as those in the fourth embodiment.
The sixth specific implementation mode: the first difference between the present embodiment and the specific embodiment is: and (3) extracting the alloy from the lower part of the liquid level of the melt during casting, wherein the temperature of the alloy melt during casting is 680-700 ℃. Other steps and parameters are the same as those in the first embodiment.
The seventh embodiment: the first difference between the present embodiment and the specific embodiment is: in the step 3, the die-casting die takes circularly flowing heating oil as a medium for controlling a die temperature field in the die preheating and die-casting processes. Other steps and parameters are the same as those in the first embodiment.
The specific implementation mode is eight: the seventh embodiment is different from the seventh embodiment in that: the preheating temperature of the mould is controlled to be 180-200 ℃ by heating oil. Other steps and parameters are the same as those in the seventh embodiment.
The specific implementation method nine: the seventh embodiment is different from the seventh embodiment in that: the temperature of the die in the die casting process is controlled to be 200-260 ℃ by heating oil. Other steps and parameters are the same as those in the seventh embodiment.
The detailed implementation mode is ten: the first difference between the present embodiment and the specific embodiment is: and 3, water cooling the die casting punch, and controlling the temperature to be 40-70 ℃. Other steps and parameters are the same as those in the first embodiment.
The concrete implementation mode eleven: the first difference between the present embodiment and the specific embodiment is: and 3, spraying a release agent on the die-casting die before die-casting, wherein the spraying time is 10-15s. Other steps and parameters are the same as those in the first embodiment.
The specific implementation mode twelve: the first difference between the present embodiment and the specific embodiment is: and 3, in the die casting process, the low-speed of the punch is 0.4-0.7m/s. Other steps and parameters are the same as those in the first embodiment.
The specific implementation mode is thirteen: the first difference between the present embodiment and the specific embodiment is: and the post-treatment in the step 4 comprises trimming, pouring channel clearing and machining. Other steps and parameters are the same as those in the first embodiment.
The specific implementation mode is fourteen: the purpose of the embodiment is to provide the heat-treatment-free magnesium alloy shock absorption tower obtained by the method.
The concrete implementation mode is fifteen: the purpose of the embodiment is to provide a heat-treatment-free magnesium alloy shock absorption tower obtained by the method, which is applied to the field of passenger vehicles.
Example 1: the high vacuum die casting method of the heat treatment-free magnesium alloy damping tower comprises the following steps:
step 1: preheating the magnesium alloy;
the magnesium alloy comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass:
aluminum: 5.9 percent,
Zinc: 0.03 percent,
Manganese: 0.33 percent,
Beryllium: 0.00077 percent
Silicon: 0.032%,
Iron: 0.0025 percent,
Copper: 0.0023 percent,
Nickel: 0.00082 percent,
Less than or equal to 0.02 percent of other inevitable impurities,
The balance being magnesium.
The preheating process comprises the following steps: the magnesium alloy is preheated for 0.75h at 110 ℃.
Step 2: putting the preheated magnesium alloy into a crucible, and smelting in a protective atmosphere to obtain an alloy melt;
the protective gas is SF 6 And N 2 In which SF 6 And N 2 Is 1:10.
and step 3: casting the alloy melt into a die-casting die for high-vacuum die-casting, wherein the parameters of the high-vacuum die-casting process are set as follows:
the low speed of the punch is 0.5m/s,
the high speed of the punch is 6.8m/s,
the injection specific pressure is 110MPa,
the pressure maintaining time is 8s;
wherein the alloy is extracted from the lower part of the liquid level of the melt during casting in the step 3, and the temperature of the alloy melt during casting is 680 ℃;
in the step 3, the die-casting die takes circularly flowing heating oil as a medium for controlling a die temperature field in the die preheating and die-casting processes, the preheating temperature of the die is controlled to be 180 ℃ through the heating oil, and the temperature of the die in the die-casting process is controlled to be 220 ℃ through the heating oil;
step 3, water cooling is carried out on the die casting punch, and the temperature is controlled to be 40 ℃;
and 3, spraying a release agent on the die-casting die before die-casting, wherein the spraying time is 10s, the release agent is a magnesium alloy special die-casting release agent, and a thin protective barrier is formed on the surface of the die by a spraying system, so that good cooling performance is ensured, and the minimum amount of wastewater is ensured to be discharged.
And 4, step 4: carrying out post-treatment on the die-cast test piece to obtain a heat-treatment-free magnesium alloy damping tower;
wherein the post-processing includes trimming, runner removal, and machining.
Example 2: the high vacuum die casting method of the heat treatment-free magnesium alloy damping tower comprises the following steps:
step 1: preheating the magnesium alloy;
the magnesium alloy comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass:
aluminum: 5.6 percent,
Zinc: 0.05 percent,
Manganese: 0.4 percent,
Beryllium: 0.00080 percent
Silicon: 0.040%),
Iron: 0.0025 percent,
Copper: 0.0025 percent,
Nickel: 0.00085 percent,
Less than or equal to 0.02 percent of other inevitable impurities,
The balance being magnesium.
The preheating process comprises the following steps: the magnesium alloy is preheated for 0.5h at 120 ℃.
Step 2: putting the preheated magnesium alloy into a crucible, and smelting in a protective atmosphere to obtain an alloy melt;
the shielding gas is SF 6 And N 2 In which SF 6 And N 2 Is 1:10.
and step 3: casting the alloy melt into a die-casting die for high-vacuum die-casting, wherein the parameters of the high-vacuum die-casting process are set as follows:
the low speed of the punch is 0.6m/s,
the high speed of the punch is 6.4m/s,
the injection specific pressure is 100MPa,
the pressure maintaining time is 10s;
wherein the alloy is extracted from the lower part of the liquid level of the melt during casting in the step 3, and the temperature of the alloy melt is 690 ℃ during casting;
in the step 3, the die-casting die takes circularly flowing heating oil as a medium for controlling a die temperature field in the die preheating and die-casting processes, the preheating temperature of the die is controlled to be 190 ℃ through the heating oil, and the temperature of the die in the die-casting process is controlled to be 240 ℃ through the heating oil;
step 3, water cooling is carried out on the die casting punch, and the temperature is controlled to be 50 ℃;
and 3, spraying a release agent on the die-casting die before die-casting, wherein the spraying time is 10s, the release agent is a magnesium alloy special die-casting release agent, and a thin protective barrier is formed on the surface of the die through a spraying system, so that good cooling performance is ensured, and the minimum amount of wastewater is ensured to be discharged.
And 4, step 4: carrying out post-treatment on the die-cast test piece to obtain a heat-treatment-free magnesium alloy damping tower;
wherein the post-processing includes trimming, runner removal, and machining.
Example 3: the high vacuum die casting method of the heat treatment-free magnesium alloy damping tower comprises the following steps:
step 1: preheating the magnesium alloy;
the magnesium alloy comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass:
aluminum: 6.4 percent,
Zinc: 0.10 part of,
Manganese: 0.45 percent,
Beryllium: 0.00070 percent
Silicon: 0.035%,
Iron: 0.0025 percent,
Copper: 0.0030%,
Nickel: 0.00082 percent,
Less than or equal to 0.02 percent of other inevitable impurities,
The balance being magnesium.
The preheating process comprises the following steps: the magnesium alloy is preheated for 1h at 100 ℃.
Step 2: putting the preheated magnesium alloy into a crucible, and smelting in a protective atmosphere to obtain an alloy melt;
the shielding gas is SF 6 And N 2 In which SF 6 And N 2 Is 1:10.
and step 3: casting the alloy melt into a die-casting die for high-vacuum die-casting, wherein the parameters of the high-vacuum die-casting process are set as follows:
the low speed of the punch is 0.7m/s,
the high speed of the punch is 5.8m/s,
the injection specific pressure is 120MPa,
the pressure maintaining time is 15s;
wherein the alloy is extracted from the lower part of the liquid level of the melt during casting in the step 3, and the temperature of the alloy melt during casting is 700 ℃;
in the step 3, the die-casting die takes circularly flowing heating oil as a medium for controlling a die temperature field in the die preheating and die-casting processes, the preheating temperature of the die is controlled to be 200 ℃ through the heating oil, and the temperature of the die in the die-casting process is controlled to be 260 ℃ through the heating oil;
step 3, water cooling is carried out on the die casting punch, and the temperature is controlled to be 70 ℃;
and 3, spraying a release agent on the die-casting die before die-casting, wherein the spraying time is 15s, the release agent is a magnesium alloy special die-casting release agent, and a thin protective barrier is formed on the surface of the die through a spraying system, so that good cooling performance is ensured, and the minimum amount of wastewater is ensured to be discharged.
And 4, step 4: carrying out post-treatment on the die-cast test piece to obtain a heat-treatment-free magnesium alloy damping tower;
wherein the post-processing includes trimming, runner removal, and machining.
Comparative example 1: the preparation method of the magnesium alloy damping tower provided by the embodiment is carried out according to the following steps:
step 1: preheating the magnesium alloy;
the magnesium alloy comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass:
aluminum: 5.9 percent,
Zinc: 0.03 percent,
Manganese: 0.33 percent,
Beryllium: 0.00077%
Silicon: 0.032%,
Iron: 0.0025 percent,
Copper: 0.0023 percent,
Nickel: 0.00082 percent,
Less than or equal to 0.02 percent of other inevitable impurities,
The balance being magnesium.
The preheating process comprises the following steps: the magnesium alloy is preheated for 0.75h at 110 ℃.
Step 2: putting the preheated magnesium alloy into a crucible, and smelting in a protective atmosphere to obtain an alloy melt;
the protective gas is SF 6 And N 2 In which SF 6 And N 2 Is 1:10.
and 3, step 3: casting the alloy melt into a die-casting die for high-vacuum die-casting, wherein the parameters of the high-vacuum die-casting process are set as follows:
the low speed of the punch is 0.5m/s,
the high speed of the punch is 5m/s,
the injection specific pressure is 110MPa,
the pressure maintaining time is 8s;
wherein the alloy is extracted from the lower part of the liquid level of the melt during casting in the step 3, and the temperature of the alloy melt during casting is 680 ℃;
in the step 3, the die-casting die takes circularly flowing heating oil as a medium for controlling a die temperature field in the die preheating and die-casting processes, the preheating temperature of the die is controlled to be 180 ℃ through the heating oil, and the temperature of the die in the die-casting process is controlled to be 220 ℃ through the heating oil;
step 3, water cooling is carried out on the die casting punch, and the temperature is controlled to be 40 ℃;
and 3, spraying a release agent on the die-casting die before die-casting, wherein the spraying time is 10s, the release agent is a magnesium alloy special die-casting release agent, and a thin protective barrier is formed on the surface of the die through a spraying system, so that good cooling performance is ensured, and the minimum amount of wastewater is ensured to be discharged.
And 4, step 4: carrying out post-treatment on the die-cast test piece to obtain a heat-treatment-free magnesium alloy damping tower;
wherein the post-processing includes trimming, runner removal, and machining.
Comparative example 2: the preparation method of the magnesium alloy damping tower provided by the embodiment is carried out according to the following steps:
step 1: preheating the magnesium alloy;
the magnesium alloy comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass:
aluminum: 5.9 percent,
Zinc: 0.03 percent,
Manganese: 0.33 percent,
Beryllium: 0.00077 percent
Silicon: 0.032 percent,
Iron: 0.0025 percent,
Copper: 0.0023 percent,
Nickel: 0.00082 percent,
Less than or equal to 0.02 percent of other inevitable impurities,
The balance being magnesium.
The preheating process comprises the following steps: the magnesium alloy is preheated for 0.75h at 110 ℃.
And 2, step: putting the preheated magnesium alloy into a crucible, and smelting in a protective atmosphere to obtain an alloy melt;
the protective gas is SF 6 And N 2 In which SF 6 And N 2 Is 1:10.
and step 3: casting the alloy melt into a die-casting die for high-vacuum die-casting, wherein the parameters of the high-vacuum die-casting process are set as follows:
the low speed of the punch is 0.5m/s,
the high speed of the punch is 6.8m/s,
the injection specific pressure is 70MPa,
the pressure maintaining time is 8s;
wherein the alloy is extracted from the lower part of the liquid level of the melt during casting in the step 3, and the temperature of the alloy melt during casting is 680 ℃;
in the step 3, the die-casting die takes circularly flowing heating oil as a medium for controlling the temperature field of the die in the die preheating and die-casting processes, the preheating temperature of the die is controlled to be 180 ℃ by the heating oil, and the temperature of the die in the die-casting process is controlled to be 220 ℃ by the heating oil;
step 3, water cooling is carried out on the die casting punch, and the temperature is controlled to be 40 ℃;
and 3, spraying a release agent on the die-casting die before die-casting, wherein the spraying time is 10s, the release agent is a magnesium alloy special die-casting release agent, and a thin protective barrier is formed on the surface of the die through a spraying system, so that good cooling performance is ensured, and the minimum amount of wastewater is ensured to be discharged.
And 4, step 4: carrying out post-treatment on the test piece after die casting to obtain a heat-treatment-free magnesium alloy damping tower;
wherein the post-processing includes trimming, runner removal, and machining.
Detection test
Mechanical property detection is carried out on the magnesium alloy damping tower obtained in the embodiment 1-3 according to the standard GB/T228-2010, and the test result is shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 mechanical Properties
| Tensile strength (MPa) | Yield strength (MPa) | Elongation (%) | |
| Example 1 | 244 | 135 | 12.5 |
| Example 2 | 242 | 127 | 11.5 |
| Example 3 | 230 | 124 | 11.5 |
(II) carrying out visual appearance detection and internal quality detection on the magnesium alloy shock absorbers obtained in the example 1 and the comparative examples 1-2 by adopting a visual and X-ray flaw detector to obtain a product and an internal quality diagram shown in figures 1 and 3, wherein the product and the internal quality diagram can be seen from the attached figure 1: the magnesium alloy shock absorber tower product obtained according to the process of the embodiment 1 of the invention is finished by filling the shape, the product performance can be met without heat treatment by detecting the mechanical performance (as shown in the attached figure 2), and the product is difficult to fill due to the adoption of a low punch head at a high speed in the comparative example 1; as can be seen from the attached figure 3, the magnesium alloy damping tower obtained by the process of the embodiment 1 of the invention has good internal quality and does not have the defects of shrinkage porosity and the like, while the magnesium alloy product has poor internal quality and the defects of shrinkage porosity and the like due to the adoption of low-pressure injection ratio in the comparative example 2.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and these embodiments are based on different implementations of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The high vacuum die-casting method of the heat treatment-free magnesium alloy shock absorption tower is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1: preheating the magnesium alloy;
step 2: putting the preheated magnesium alloy into a crucible, and smelting in a protective atmosphere to obtain an alloy melt;
and 3, step 3: casting the alloy melt into a die-casting die for high-vacuum die-casting, wherein the high-speed of a punch is 5.5-7m/s, the injection specific pressure is 80-120MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 8-15s;
and 4, step 4: and carrying out post-treatment on the die-cast test piece to obtain the heat-treatment-free magnesium alloy damping tower.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the magnesium alloy in the step 1 comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: aluminum: 5.6-6.4%, zinc: 0.005-0.3%, manganese: 0.26-0.5%, beryllium: less than or equal to 0.0015%, silicon: less than or equal to 0.10 percent, iron: less than or equal to 0.0035 percent, copper: less than or equal to 0.01%, nickel: less than or equal to 0.002 percent, less than or equal to 0.02 percent of other inevitable impurities and the balance of magnesium.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the preheating process in step 1 is as follows: preheating the magnesium alloy at 100-120 ℃ for 0.5-1h.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the shielding gas in step 2 is SF 6 And N 2 In which SF 6 And N 2 The volume ratio of (1) to (9-11).
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the alloy is withdrawn from below the melt level during casting in step 3, and the alloy melt temperature during casting is between 680 ℃ and 700 ℃.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step 3, the die-casting mold uses circulating heating oil as a medium for controlling the mold temperature field during mold preheating and die-casting, the mold preheating temperature is controlled to be 180-200 ℃ by the heating oil, and the mold temperature during die-casting is controlled to be 200-260 ℃.
7. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the die casting punch is water-cooled in step 3, the temperature is controlled at 40-70 ℃, the die casting mold is sprayed with the release agent for 10-15s before die casting, and the low speed of the punch during die casting is 0.4-0.7m/s.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the post-processing in step 4 comprises trimming, runner removal, and machining.
9. A heat-treatment-free magnesium alloy shock tower obtained by the method of claim 1.
10. The heat-treatment-free magnesium alloy damping tower obtained by the method in claim 1 is applied to the field of passenger vehicles.
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