CN104805322A - Non-heat-treated self-strengthening aluminum and magnesium alloy and preparation technology thereof - Google Patents
Non-heat-treated self-strengthening aluminum and magnesium alloy and preparation technology thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104805322A CN104805322A CN201510167974.3A CN201510167974A CN104805322A CN 104805322 A CN104805322 A CN 104805322A CN 201510167974 A CN201510167974 A CN 201510167974A CN 104805322 A CN104805322 A CN 104805322A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a non-heat-treated self-strengthening aluminum and magnesium alloy and a preparation technology thereof. The preparation technology comprises technological steps as follows: firstly, melting pure aluminum, heating the pure aluminum to the temperature of 680 DEG C, adding pure magnesium ingots, performing heat preservation after the pure magnesium ingots are molten, adding intermediate alloys AL-Si and AL-Mn into an alloy liquid heated to the temperature of 740-760 DEG C, and performing heat preservation at the temperature of 740 DEG C after the alloys are molten; secondly, heating the alloy liquid to the temperature of 780 DEG C, adding misch metal, removing surface scums after the misch metal is molten, stirring the alloy liquid, heating the alloy liquid to the temperature of 770-780 DEG C, performing the heat preservation and leaving the alloy liquid to stand for 30 min; finally, cooling the alloy liquid to the temperature of 750 DEG C for refining, removing slag and gas after refining is performed for 15 min, and finishing casting production. According to the non-heat-treated self-strengthening aluminum and magnesium alloy and the preparation technology thereof, the misch metal and the elements including Mn and Mg in a strict mole fraction ratio are adopted for refining dendritic crystal composition of Mn and Mg in the aluminum alloy material, and one aluminum and magnesium alloy with high heat resistance, high elongation percentage and excellent deformability is obtained.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of alloy material preparation, particularly relate to a kind of non-heat treated from strengthening aluminum magnesium alloy and preparation technology thereof.
Background technology
In recent years along with automobile and the light-weighted acceleration of aerospace, the performance requriements of alloy material is harsher, as required high yield strength when designing auto parts and aviation part, require high unit elongation, excellent impelling strength and good wear resisting property and fatigue property when being out of shape.At present, get on the car and use aluminium alloy on a large scale with material in domestic and international market, but common aluminum alloy cannot meet the demand of Hyundai Motor industry and aerospace, such as there is mechanical property and the shortcoming such as machinability is poor in magnalium material in the market, and the aluminum alloy of the overwhelming majority is for all being completed by thermal treatment, cost consumption is huge, and this has higher requirement with regard to alloy material and preparation technology thereof.Therefore be necessary to develop a kind of castability (comprising microdiecast, forging, crimp, low-pressure casting and semi-solid casting) and good mechanical performance, and lower-cost aluminium alloy and preparation technology thereof solve the problems referred to above.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of non-heat treated from strengthening aluminum magnesium alloy and preparation technology thereof, under the precondition ensureing aluminum magnesium alloy mobility, alloy element mates again, under the condition of not heat-treating, high purity alumina-magnesia alloy is enable to obtain high performance material and automobile, aerospace component from strengthening.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the present invention adopts is: provide a kind of non-heat treated from the preparation technology of strengthening aluminum magnesium alloy, comprise following processing step:
(1) pure magnesium ingot, master alloy AL-Si, AL-Mn are preheating to 180-240 DEG C, 680 DEG C are warming up to after fine aluminium fusing, add pure magnesium ingot rear insulation to be melted 20 minutes, again aluminium alloy is warming up to 740-760 DEG C, successively master alloy AL-Si, AL-Mn are added in aluminium alloy, after its fusing, at 740 DEG C, be incubated 30 minutes;
Wherein, in above-mentioned materials, each composition is Mg:4.5-6.5, Si < 0.1, Mn:0.4-0.8, other impurity (comprising Fe)≤0.4 by weight percentage;
(2) by aluminium alloy temperature to 780 DEG C, add mishmetal, remove surface scum after rare earth to be mixed fusing, stirs, after 3-6 minutes, aluminium alloy temperature is increased to 770-780 DEG C, standing 30 minutes of insulation;
Wherein, mishmetal gross weight is not more than 1, and its La, Ce, Sm, Nd often plant element and be less than 0.35 respectively by weight percentage;
(3) aluminium alloy is cooled to 750 DEG C and carries out refining, aluminium alloy is cooled to 710 DEG C after 15 minutes and removes the gred by refining, then aluminium alloy is cooled to 690 DEG C and carries out degasification, finally completes castings production.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, another technical solution used in the present invention is: provide a kind of aluminum magnesium alloy prepared by above-mentioned preparation technology, under room temperature and high temperature, all there is high strength, high-elongation and severe deformation ability, and with low cost, can high volume applications in civil area.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the casting technique of producing at step (3) medium casting of preparation technology comprises microdiecast, low-pressure casting, semi-solid rheological casting.The processing method of microdiecast be by slagging-off degasification after aluminium alloy cool to 680 DEG C and carry out die casting.The processing method of low-pressure casting be by slagging-off degasification after aluminium alloy insulation at 700 DEG C, then aluminium alloy imported in low pressure casting machine holding furnace cast.Semi-solid rheological casting processing method be by slagging-off degasification after aluminium alloy be cooled to 590-610 DEG C, alloy melt is imported in making semisolid slurry equipment or in mould and carries out semi-solid state preparation.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, product requirement after foundry goods is shaping heat-treats technique, to reach higher intensity and surrender degree, it comprises solution treatment and artificial aging, solution treatment is continue 3 hours higher than 545 DEG C of solution treatment, nodularization primary silicon in temperature, increases product strength and toughness, artificial aging is continue 6-12 hours 165 DEG C of temperature ageing treatment, eliminates internal stress.Thermal treatment process is the key solving the intensity of material, plasticity reasonably combined (high intensity and enough plasticity) and corrosion resistance.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the aluminum magnesium alloy room temperature Tensile strength >=260Mpa of preparation, yield strength >=220MPa, unit elongation >=15%.Have relative to the room temperature strength of the high purity alumina-magnesia alloy on existing market and hot strength and significantly promote, for ZL302, under the same terms, ZL302 average room temperature Tensile strength 210MPa, unit elongation is 12%.Therefore, the material property of non-heat treated reinforced aluminum magnesium alloy prepared of the present invention is apparently higher than ZL302.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the product performance produced for different casting technique are respectively: the product room temperature tensile strength >=325MPa of microdiecast, yield strength >=170MPa, unit elongation >=10%; The product room temperature tensile strength >=300MPa of low-pressure casting, yield strength >=160Mpa, unit elongation >=10%; The product room temperature tensile strength >=340MPa of semi-solid rheological casting, yield strength >=196Mpa, unit elongation >=10%.Increase again before being compared by the material property after thermal treatment process, the product performance that different casting technique is produced also difference to some extent.
The present invention due to the rare earth element added in material and and the strict proportioning of Mn, Mg element, a brilliant composition of Mn and Mg in aluminum alloy materials is allowed to carry out refinement, material is made to there occurs the effect of strengthening certainly by forming a brilliant tissue, can thermal treatment be passed through, directly be brought up the precision component that can obtain excellent performance by microdiecast, forging, crimp, low-pressure casting and semi-solid casting.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) what adopt mishmetal and Mn, Mg element mole mates number to determine high strength and the high ductibility that oneself strengthens aluminum magnesium alloy, its proportioning mode is used to significantly improve the yield strength of thinning effect and alloy, Mn, Mg is effectively made to form a brilliant tissue, thus improve its unit elongation and fatigue of materials performance, there is obvious high heat resistance, high-elongation and outstanding tensile strength and the characteristic such as yield strength, low thermal coefficient of expansion.
(2) alloy carries out composition redefinition, makes alloy in aging time, play ageing strengthening effect in room temperature, can not can be obtained the aluminum magnesium alloy of high strength, high-elongation by artificial heat treatment mode.
(3) with low cost, can large-scale production continuously, can high volume applications in civilian aspects such as automobile, aerospace, electronic components.
Embodiment
Below preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in detail, can be easier to make advantages and features of the invention be readily appreciated by one skilled in the art, thus more explicit defining is made to protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
Non-heat treated, from a preparation technology for strengthening aluminum magnesium alloy, comprises following processing step:
(1) pure magnesium ingot, master alloy AL-Si, AL-Mn are preheating to 180-240 DEG C, 680 DEG C are warming up to after fine aluminium fusing, add pure magnesium ingot rear insulation to be melted 20 minutes, again aluminium alloy is warming up to 740-760 DEG C, successively master alloy AL-Si, AL-Mn are added in aluminium alloy, after its fusing, at 740 DEG C, be incubated 30 minutes, make its full and uniformization;
In above-mentioned materials, each composition is Mg:4.5-6.5, Si < 0.1, Mn:0.4-0.8, other impurity≤0.4(wherein Fe < 0.5 by weight percentage);
(2) by aluminium alloy temperature to 780 DEG C, add mishmetal, remove surface scum after rare earth to be mixed fusing, stirs and make homogenization of composition in 3-6 minutes, after stirring, aluminium alloy temperature is increased to 770-780 DEG C, standing 30 minutes of insulation;
Wherein, mishmetal gross weight is not more than 1, and its La, Ce, Sm, Nd often plant element and be less than 0.35 respectively by weight percentage;
(3) aluminium alloy is cooled to 750 DEG C to carry out refining refining and aluminium alloy is cooled to 710 DEG C after 15 minutes and removes the gred, aluminium alloy is cooled to 690 DEG C again and carries out degasification, finally the aluminium alloy after slagging-off degasification is cooled to 680 DEG C and carry out die casting, thermal treatment process is carried out after foundry goods is shaping, in temperature is higher than 545 DEG C solution treatment continue 3 hours, after carry out ageing treatment 6-12 hours temperature 165 DEG C.
Tensile strength >=325MPa under this example gained part strengthening sampling room temperature, yield strength >=170MPa, unit elongation >=10%.
Embodiment 2:
Non-heat treated, from a preparation technology for strengthening aluminum magnesium alloy, comprises following processing step:
(1) pure magnesium ingot, master alloy AL-Si, AL-Mn are preheating to 180-240 DEG C, 680 DEG C are warming up to after fine aluminium fusing, add pure magnesium ingot rear insulation to be melted 20 minutes, again aluminium alloy is warming up to 740-760 DEG C, successively master alloy AL-Si, AL-Mn are added in aluminium alloy, after its fusing, at 740 DEG C, be incubated 30 minutes, make its full and uniformization;
In above-mentioned materials, each composition is Mg:4.5-6.5, Si < 0.1, Mn:0.4-0.8, other impurity≤0.4(wherein Fe < 0.5 by weight percentage);
(2) by aluminium alloy temperature to 780 DEG C, add mishmetal, remove surface scum after rare earth to be mixed fusing, stirs and make homogenization of composition in 3-6 minutes, after stirring, aluminium alloy temperature is increased to 770-780 DEG C, standing 30 minutes of insulation;
Wherein, mishmetal gross weight is not more than 1, and its La, Ce, Sm, Nd often plant element and be less than 0.35 respectively by weight percentage;
(3) aluminium alloy is cooled to 750 DEG C and carries out refining, aluminium alloy is cooled to 710 DEG C after 15 minutes and removes the gred by refining, aluminium alloy is cooled to 690 DEG C again and carries out degasification, finally by the aluminium alloy insulation after slagging-off degasification at 700 DEG C, then aluminium alloy imported in low pressure casting machine holding furnace cast.Carry out thermal treatment process after foundry goods is shaping, in temperature is higher than 545 DEG C solution treatment continue 3 hours, after carry out ageing treatment 6-12 hours temperature 165 DEG C.
Tensile strength >=300MPa under this example gained part strengthening sampling room temperature, yield strength >=160MPa, unit elongation >=10%.
Embodiment 3:
Non-heat treated, from a preparation technology for strengthening aluminum magnesium alloy, comprises following processing step:
(1) pure magnesium ingot, master alloy AL-Si, AL-Mn are preheating to 180-240 DEG C, 680 DEG C are warming up to after fine aluminium fusing, add pure magnesium ingot rear insulation to be melted 20 minutes, again aluminium alloy is warming up to 740-760 DEG C, successively master alloy AL-Si, AL-Mn are added in aluminium alloy, after its fusing, at 740 DEG C, be incubated 30 minutes, make its full and uniformization;
In above-mentioned materials, each composition is Mg:4.5-6.5, Si < 0.1, Mn:0.4-0.8, other impurity≤0.4(wherein Fe < 0.5 by weight percentage);
(2) by aluminium alloy temperature to 780 DEG C, add mishmetal, remove surface scum after rare earth to be mixed fusing, stirs and make homogenization of composition in 3-6 minutes, after stirring, aluminium alloy temperature is increased to 770-780 DEG C, standing 30 minutes of insulation;
Wherein, mishmetal gross weight is not more than 1, and its La, Ce, Sm, Nd often plant element and be less than 0.35 respectively by weight percentage;
(3) aluminium alloy is cooled to 750 DEG C and carries out refining, aluminium alloy is cooled to 710 DEG C after 15 minutes and removes the gred by refining, aluminium alloy is cooled to 690 DEG C again and carries out degasification, finally the aluminium alloy temperature after slagging-off degasification is reduced to 590-610 DEG C (actual temp changes with Recent Semi-solid Casting Process), alloy melt is imported in making semisolid slurry equipment or in mould and carry out semi-solid state preparation.Carry out thermal treatment process after foundry goods is shaping, in temperature is higher than 545 DEG C solution treatment continue 3 hours, after carry out ageing treatment 6-12 hours temperature 165 DEG C.
Tensile strength >=340MPa under this example gained part strengthening sampling room temperature, yield strength >=196MPa, unit elongation >=10%.
The foregoing is only embodiments of the invention; not thereby the scope of the claims of the present invention is limited; every utilize specification sheets of the present invention to do equivalent structure or the conversion of equivalent flow process, or be directly or indirectly used in other relevant technical fields, be all in like manner included in scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. non-heat treated is from a preparation technology for strengthening aluminum magnesium alloy, comprises following processing step:
(1) pure magnesium ingot, master alloy AL-Si, AL-Mn are preheating to 180-240 DEG C, 680 DEG C are warming up to after fine aluminium fusing, add pure magnesium ingot rear insulation to be melted 20 minutes, again aluminium alloy is warming up to 740-760 DEG C, successively master alloy AL-Si, AL-Mn are added in aluminium alloy, after its fusing, at 740 DEG C, be incubated 30 minutes;
Wherein, in above-mentioned materials, each composition is Mg:4.5-6.5, Si < 0.1, Mn:0.4-0.8, other impurity (comprising Fe)≤0.4 by weight percentage;
(2) by aluminium alloy temperature to 780 DEG C, add mishmetal, remove surface scum after rare earth to be mixed fusing, stirs, after 3-6 minutes, aluminium alloy temperature is increased to 770-780 DEG C, standing 30 minutes of insulation;
Wherein, mishmetal gross weight is not more than 1, and its La, Ce, Sm, Nd often plant element and be less than 0.35 respectively by weight percentage;
(3) aluminium alloy is cooled to 750 DEG C and carries out refining, aluminium alloy is cooled to 710 DEG C after 15 minutes and removes the gred by refining, then aluminium alloy is cooled to 690 DEG C and carries out degasification, finally completes castings production.
2. aluminum magnesium alloy prepared by the preparation technology that non-heat treated according to claim 1 strengthens aluminum magnesium alloy certainly.
3. non-heat treated according to claim 1 is from the preparation technology of strengthening aluminum magnesium alloy, it is characterized in that, the casting technique of castings production comprises microdiecast, low-pressure casting, semi-solid rheological casting in step (3).
4. non-heat treated according to claim 3 is from the preparation technology of strengthening aluminum magnesium alloy, it is characterized in that, the processing method of microdiecast be by slagging-off degasification after aluminium alloy cool to 680 DEG C and carry out die casting.
5. non-heat treated according to claim 3 is from the preparation technology of strengthening aluminum magnesium alloy, it is characterized in that, the processing method of low-pressure casting be by slagging-off degasification after aluminium alloy insulation at 700 DEG C, then aluminium alloy imported in low pressure casting machine holding furnace cast.
6. non-heat treated according to claim 3 is from the preparation technology of strengthening aluminum magnesium alloy, it is characterized in that, semi-solid rheological casting processing method be by slagging-off degasification after aluminium alloy be cooled to 590-610 DEG C, alloy melt is imported in making semisolid slurry equipment or in mould and carries out semi-solid state preparation.
7. non-heat treated according to claim 1 is from the preparation technology of strengthening aluminum magnesium alloy, it is characterized in that, product requirement after foundry goods is shaping heat-treats technique, comprise solution treatment and artificial aging, solution treatment is continue 3 hours in temperature higher than 545 DEG C of solution treatment, and artificial aging is continue 6-12 hours 165 DEG C of temperature ageing treatment.
8. non-heat treated according to claim 1 and 2 is from the preparation technology of strengthening aluminum magnesium alloy, it is characterized in that, the aluminum magnesium alloy room temperature Tensile strength >=260Mpa of preparation, yield strength >=220MPa, unit elongation >=15%.
9. non-heat treated according to claim 8 is from the preparation technology of strengthening aluminum magnesium alloy, it is characterized in that, the product performance produced for different casting technique are respectively: the product room temperature tensile strength >=325MPa of microdiecast, yield strength >=170MPa, unit elongation >=10%; The product room temperature tensile strength >=300MPa of low-pressure casting, yield strength >=160Mpa, unit elongation >=10%; The product room temperature tensile strength >=340MPa of semi-solid rheological casting, yield strength >=196Mpa, unit elongation >=10%.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105779743A (en) * | 2016-05-06 | 2016-07-20 | 扬州大学 | Aging treatment method for accurate die-cast cylinder body of auto air-condition compressor |
| CN115369298A (en) * | 2022-07-28 | 2022-11-22 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Heat-treatment-free magnesium alloy damping tower and high-vacuum die casting method and application thereof |
| WO2024036672A1 (en) | 2022-08-15 | 2024-02-22 | 保定市立中车轮制造有限公司 | High toughness, high casting performance, heat treatment-free aluminum alloy stressed member material and preparation method therefor |
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| CN103074510A (en) * | 2013-02-01 | 2013-05-01 | 天津立中合金集团有限公司 | Refining method of aluminum-magnesium-series cast aluminum alloy material |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105779743A (en) * | 2016-05-06 | 2016-07-20 | 扬州大学 | Aging treatment method for accurate die-cast cylinder body of auto air-condition compressor |
| CN115369298A (en) * | 2022-07-28 | 2022-11-22 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Heat-treatment-free magnesium alloy damping tower and high-vacuum die casting method and application thereof |
| WO2024036672A1 (en) | 2022-08-15 | 2024-02-22 | 保定市立中车轮制造有限公司 | High toughness, high casting performance, heat treatment-free aluminum alloy stressed member material and preparation method therefor |
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