CN115367548A - Large-scale fine carbon fiber dispersing, collecting and secondary conveying device and method - Google Patents
Large-scale fine carbon fiber dispersing, collecting and secondary conveying device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115367548A CN115367548A CN202210892783.3A CN202210892783A CN115367548A CN 115367548 A CN115367548 A CN 115367548A CN 202210892783 A CN202210892783 A CN 202210892783A CN 115367548 A CN115367548 A CN 115367548A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H51/00—Forwarding filamentary material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
- B01F33/80—Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
- B01F33/836—Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers combining mixing with other treatments
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
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Abstract
The invention discloses a large-scale fine carbon fiber dispersing, collecting and secondary conveying device, which comprises: the multi-material composite receiving anode plate is used for inputting electrostatic excitation; the cathode supporting plate is selectively arranged opposite to the multi-material composite receiving anode plate and used for outputting a grounding loop and storing a sample, and the cathode receiving plate is used for outputting the grounding loop and installing and positioning a secondary conveying target; the secondary conveying target is arranged on the cathode receiving plate and used for receiving, observing and representing the dispersed and collected large-scale carbon microfibers after secondary conveying; the invention discloses a large-scale micro carbon fiber dispersion collection and secondary conveying method. The invention effectively solves the technical problems of high efficiency, stability and easy function integration of the large-scale carbon microfibers which are partially overlapped, gathered and integrally disordered and agglomerated under the aims of dispersion, collection and secondary utilization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of carbon fiber composite materials, in particular to a large-scale device and a method for dispersing, collecting and secondarily conveying micro carbon fibers.
Background
The thermosetting carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material has high specific strength and specific modulus, high corrosion resistance and good designability, and is widely applied to the industrial fields of aerospace, automobile carrying, new energy equipment and the like and the design and manufacture research of functional materials. The thermosetting carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material formed by hot-pressing curing has excellent mechanical properties in the in-plane direction, but has the performance defects of low interlayer bonding strength, easy delamination failure and the like in the out-of-plane direction. In order to optimize the out-of-plane mechanical property of the thermosetting carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite, the Z-pin technology is widely applied. And implanting the prepared carbon fiber tow pin needles with different diameters into the thermosetting carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite prepreg from the out-of-plane Z direction in a mechanical, preheating ultrasonic auxiliary mode and other modes. The thermosetting carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material reinforced by the Z-pin can obviously improve the interlaminar fracture toughness, and has great scientific research significance and engineering value. However, the diameter of the carbon fiber bundle pin needle adopted by the existing Z-pin technology is in millimeter magnitude, and the diameter is obviously different from the micron-sized matrix fiber dimension of the thermosetting carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material, so that after the traditional Z-pin technology is subjected to three-dimensional reinforcement, a resin-rich area in a fisheye shape exists at the implanted position of the carbon fiber bundle pin needle of the thermosetting carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material matrix, and the in-plane mechanical property of the thermosetting carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material is lost. The traditional Z-pin technology, which enhances out-of-plane properties by losing in-plane properties, needs to be improved, the most fundamental optimization approach being to reduce the diameter size of the carbon fiber tow pin. On the other hand, due to the limitation of the preparation process and the rigidity performance of the carbon fiber tow pin needle, the carbon fiber tow pin needle cannot reach a sufficiently fine scale, the research on the reinforcing effect of the carbon fiber tow pin needle with the diameter of 0.1mm is realized in the latest work in the field, and the condition that the in-plane performance of the thermosetting carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material is broken and damaged cannot be avoided. Therefore, the research on the process and the technology for implanting the thermosetting carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite prepreg by taking the micro carbon fibers with the same size as the thermosetting carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite matrix fibers as a three-dimensional reinforcing medium has important significance for realizing the technical goals of three-dimensional reinforcing design and manufacturing of the thermosetting carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite with the out-of-plane performance and the in-plane performance. Meanwhile, in the leading field of functional materials in nearly ten years, the carbon microfibers as the function reinforcement have great potential in the design and preparation of physical function reinforcement materials such as electric conduction, heat conduction, microwave absorption and the like, and the preparation process and technology of the functional materials represented by physical methods such as electrostatic flocking, compression molding, thermoplastic molding and the like are explored. Particularly, in the two advanced composite material research fields of the advanced three-dimensional out-of-plane mechanical property enhancement and the functional material three-dimensional enhancement design and manufacture of the thermosetting carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material, the number density, the directionality and the uniformity of the reinforcement material are key technical indexes for realizing the functional enhancement. However, according to the CS standard of the large-scale carbon microfiber dispersion and collection and secondary transportation device, there are scientific research and engineering problems in that the process flow is complicated, the amount of biologically toxic solvents is large, and the integration of the apparatus into a manufacturing system is difficult, and the operation standard of the large-scale carbon microfiber dispersion, collection and secondary utilization is standard. Therefore, a large-scale micro carbon fiber state control innovative technology which is efficient, stable and easy to integrate functions needs to be provided in research and application of advanced three-dimensional out-of-plane mechanical property enhancement of thermosetting carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite materials and three-dimensional enhancement design and manufacturing of functional materials.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a large-scale carbon microfiber dispersion collection and secondary conveying device, which solves the technical problems of high efficiency, stability and easy function integration of large-scale carbon microfibers which are partially overlapped, gathered and integrally disordered and agglomerated under the dispersion, collection and secondary utilization targets.
A large-scale fine carbon fiber dispersion collection and secondary conveying device comprises:
the multi-material composite receiving anode plate is used for inputting electrostatic excitation;
the cathode supporting plate is selectively arranged opposite to the multi-material composite receiving anode plate and used for outputting a grounding loop and storing a sample, and the cathode receiving plate is used for outputting the grounding loop and installing and positioning a secondary conveying target;
and the secondary conveying target is arranged on the cathode receiving plate and is used for receiving, observing and representing the dispersed and collected large-scale carbon microfibers after secondary conveying.
Preferably, the multi-material composite receiving anode plate comprises a thin layer of solid polar dielectric material and an anode substrate, wherein the thin layer of solid polar dielectric material is fixed on the anode substrate and is opposite to the cathode supporting plate or the cathode receiving plate.
Preferably, the multi-material composite receiving anode plate and the cathode supporting plate are detachably fixed through a support piece to form a large-scale chopped carbon fiber dispersing and collecting configuration together, or the multi-material composite receiving anode plate and the cathode receiving plate are detachably fixed to form a large-scale micro carbon fiber secondary conveying configuration together.
Further preferably, the end of the support member is connected to the end of the cathode supporting plate or the cathode receiving plate through an insulating connector.
Preferably, the electrostatic excitation includes high voltage direct current electrostatic excitation input to the multi-material composite receiving anode plate when the cathode supporting plate is set and short rising edge high voltage electrostatic excitation input to the multi-material composite receiving anode plate when the cathode receiving plate is set.
In a large-scale chopped carbon fiber dispersing and collecting configuration, under the high-voltage direct-current electrostatic excitation, completing a large-scale chopped carbon fiber dispersing and collecting control function; in a large-scale carbon microfiber secondary conveying configuration, under the high-voltage electrostatic excitation of a short rising edge, the large-scale carbon microfiber secondary conveying control function is completed.
Another objective of the present invention is to provide a large-scale micro carbon fiber dispersion collection and secondary conveying method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Flatly placing the large-scale short carbon fibers on a cathode supporting plate;
(2) Connecting a ground circuit to the cathode supporting plate, and connecting the high-voltage direct-current electrostatic excitation to the anode substrate;
(3) Inputting a high-voltage direct-current electrostatic signal to the high-voltage direct-current electrostatic excitation, and dispersing the large-scale short carbon fibers stored on the cathode supporting plate into large-scale micro carbon fibers in a steady state;
(4) The large-scale micro carbon fibers are discretely migrated towards the multi-material composite receiving anode plate from bottom to top under the action of electrostatic induction and finally collected in the region of the solid polar dielectric material thin layer;
(5) Replacing the cathode supporting plate with a cathode receiving plate provided with a secondary conveying target positioned;
(6) Connecting a ground circuit to the cathode receiving plate and connecting the short rising edge high voltage electrostatic excitation to the anode substrate;
(7) Inputting a high-voltage electrostatic signal to the short rising edge high-voltage electrostatic excitation, and carrying out contact charging and electrostatic repulsion on large-scale micro carbon fibers collected on the solid polar dielectric thin-layer material in a transient state;
(8) The large-scale carbon fibrils are oriented from top to bottom under the action of an electrostatic field to accelerate towards the cathode receiving plate and are injected into a secondary conveying target.
Preferably, the high-voltage direct-current electrostatic signal input to the high-voltage direct-current electrostatic excitation is a high-voltage direct-current electrostatic signal with positive or negative polarity in the kV level.
Preferably, the high-voltage electrostatic excitation with the short rising edge inputs a high-voltage electrostatic signal with the positive or negative polarity of more than 10kV and the capability of the rising edge of hundreds of milliseconds.
The technical principle of the invention is as follows:
1) Aiming at large-scale short carbon fibers which are prepared by a short cutting process and have local overlapping aggregation and integral disordered agglomeration, the large-scale short carbon fibers have an induced polarization charging effect under the electrostatic action, the dispersion process of an initial sample from the surface to the inside is realized through electrostatic drag force, the initial sample is converted into discrete and independent large-scale micro carbon fibers, and the discrete and independent large-scale micro carbon fibers are further transferred to a multi-material composite receiving anode plate in an electric field space to realize the dispersion of the large-scale micro carbon fibers; 2) For the large-scale micro carbon fibers with electric conductivity of induction charge, under the high-voltage direct-current electrostatic excitation stably output at the anode end of the large-scale short carbon fiber dispersion collection configuration, the large-scale micro carbon fibers are subjected to electrostatic adsorption with the solid polar dielectric material thin layer on the multi-material composite receiving anode plate, so that the collection of the large-scale micro carbon fibers is realized; 3) Based on a medium polarization principle, considering that the polarization of a solid polar dielectric material thin layer is related to temperature and excitation frequency, adopting short-rising-edge high-voltage electrostatic excitation to act on a multi-material composite receiving anode plate, under the action of a strong abrupt electric field, large-scale carbon fibrils collected on the surface of the solid polar dielectric material thin layer are subjected to contact charge, and under the action of electrostatic repulsion of the solid polar dielectric material thin layer, the separation of the large-scale carbon fibrils is realized; 4) The large-scale carbon microfibers separated from the solid polar dielectric material thin layer and subjected to contact charge have the effects of acceleration and directional conveying under the action of an electrostatic field of a large-scale carbon microfiber secondary conveying configuration, so that secondary conveying of the large-scale carbon microfibers is realized.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) Large-scale chopped carbon fibers of different scales can be quickly and conveniently prepared according to requirements; 2) The solid polar dielectric material thin layer has wide raw material selection range and easy processing and preparation; 3) The size of the anode substrate, the solid polar dielectric material thin layer, the cathode supporting plate and the cathode receiving plate is relatively low in constraint, and the proper size and shape can be selected according to the quantity requirement of the large-scale micro carbon fibers; 4) The assembled adjustable fixing mechanism enables the configuration to have good flexibility so as to adapt to different working condition requirements; 5) The secondary conveying target mounted on the cathode receiving plate can be made of different materials according to research requirements, so that the research diversity of the technical prototype is ensured; 6) The control function of the large-scale carbon microfiber is realized by adopting a pure electrostatic mode, the configuration structure is similar to the excitation input condition, and the function integratability, the greenness, the safety and the reliability are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a side view of a large scale chopped carbon fiber dispersion collection configuration of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a side view of a large-scale secondary transportation configuration of fine carbon fibers according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-material composite receiving anode plate.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a large-scale micro-carbon fiber dispersion collection and secondary conveying device has two functions of large-scale chopped carbon fiber dispersion collection and large-scale micro-fiber secondary conveying, and specifically comprises a material composite receiving anode plate 2, a cathode supporting plate 3, a cathode receiving plate 4, a secondary conveying target 11 and electrostatic excitation. The secondary delivery target 11 is fixed on the cathode receiving plate 4.
The composite receiving anode plate 2 is fixed with the cathode supporting plate 3 or the cathode receiving plate 4 through a supporting piece 6 and a connecting piece 5 to form an assembled adjustable fixing mechanism. The composite receiving anode plate 2 is arranged at the upper position, the cathode supporting plate 3 or the cathode receiving plate 4 is arranged at the lower position, and the supporting piece 6 is arranged at the edge of the composite receiving anode plate 2 and is connected with the edge through the connecting piece 5. In this embodiment, the supporting member 6 and the connecting member 5 are made of insulating materials. The composite receiving anode plate 2, the support piece 6, the connecting piece 5 and the cathode supporting plate 3 form a large-scale chopped carbon fiber dispersing and collecting configuration; the composite receiving anode plate 2, the support piece 6, the connecting piece 5, the cathode receiving plate 4 and the secondary conveying target 11 jointly form a large-scale micro carbon fiber secondary conveying configuration.
As shown in fig. 3, the multi-material composite receiving anode plate 2 comprises a thin layer of solid polar dielectric material 9 and an anode substrate 10, the thin layer of solid polar dielectric material 9 is fixed on the anode substrate 10 and faces the cathode supporting plate 3 or the cathode receiving plate 4. The thin solid polar dielectric material layer 9 is a planar thin layer of any solid polar dielectric material processed to a thickness of less than 2mm, and the anode substrate 10 is a substrate processed from any material with excellent conductivity.
In this embodiment, the electrostatic stimulation includes high voltage dc electrostatic stimulation 15 and short rising edge high voltage electrostatic stimulation 16. When the large-scale chopped carbon fiber dispersing and collecting configuration is adopted, the high-voltage direct-current electrostatic excitation 15 is input into the material composite receiving anode plate 2, so that the large-scale chopped carbon fiber dispersing and collecting can be realized; when the large-scale carbon microfiber secondary conveying configuration is adopted, the short rising edge high-voltage electrostatic excitation 16 is input into the material composite receiving anode plate 2, and large-scale carbon microfiber secondary conveying can be achieved. The electrostatic excitation is connected to the outside of the anode substrate 10, in particular, by a loop.
The large-scale chopped carbon fibers 1 stored on the cathode supporting plate 3 under the high-voltage direct-current electrostatic excitation 15 are dispersed in the large-scale chopped carbon fiber dispersing and collecting configuration, so that the physical morphology characteristic transformation of the large-scale carbon microfibers 12 is realized, and the large-scale carbon microfibers 12 are discretely transferred from the cathode supporting plate 3 to the multi-material composite receiving anode plate 2 from bottom to top and are further collected in the area of the solid polar dielectric material thin layer 9.
The large-scale carbon microfibers 12 collected on the solid polar dielectric material thin layer 9 under the short rising edge high-voltage electrostatic excitation 16 are conveyed in a large-scale carbon microfiber secondary conveying configuration, so that the large-scale carbon microfibers are secondarily utilized, and the large-scale carbon microfibers are synchronously accelerated from the multi-material composite receiving anode plate 2 to the region of the secondary conveying target 11 of the cathode receiving plate 4 from top to bottom within hundred milliseconds.
A large-scale micro carbon fiber dispersion collection and secondary conveying method is used for achieving two functions of large-scale short carbon fiber dispersion collection and large-scale micro fiber secondary conveying, and specific working processes of the method are as follows aiming at two different state control targets:
1. dispersing and collecting the large-scale chopped carbon fibers:
1) Selecting commercial products of mainstream type carbon fiber tows, and preparing samples of chopped carbon fibers of different scales by a fine and proper chopping treatment process above a cathode supporting plate, so that large-scale chopped carbon fibers are horizontally placed on the cathode supporting plate;
2) Arranging one surface of a solid polar dielectric material thin layer on the multi-material composite receiving anode plate opposite to one surface of a cathode supporting plate storing large-scale chopped carbon fibers;
3) The large-scale chopped carbon fiber dispersing and collecting structure is formed by large-scale chopped carbon fibers, a multi-material composite receiving anode plate and a cathode supporting plate through an assembly type adjustable fixing mechanism formed by a connecting piece and a supporting piece, so that the cathode supporting plate is arranged below the cathode supporting plate, and the multi-material composite receiving anode plate is arranged above the cathode supporting plate;
4) Connecting a ground circuit to the cathode supporting plate, and connecting the high-voltage direct-current electrostatic excitation to the anode substrate;
5) Inputting a high-voltage direct current electrostatic signal with positive or negative polarity of a few kV level to the high-voltage direct current electrostatic excitation, and dispersing the large-scale short carbon fibers stored on the cathode supporting plate into large-scale micro carbon fibers in a steady state;
6) The large-scale micro carbon fibers further discretely migrate towards the multi-material composite receiving anode plate from bottom to top under the action of electrostatic induction and are finally collected in the region of the solid polar dielectric material thin layer.
2. Carrying out secondary conveying on the large-scale fine carbon fibers:
1) After the large-scale chopped carbon fiber dispersing and collecting function is completed, the large-scale micro carbon fibers are stably and discretely captured in the solid polar dielectric material thin layer area;
2) Mounting and positioning the secondary conveying target on a cathode receiving plate;
3) Completing the disassembly of the large-scale chopped carbon fiber dispersing and collecting configuration;
4) Arranging one surface of a solid polar dielectric material thin layer on the multi-material composite receiving anode plate, on which the large-scale micro carbon fibers are collected, opposite to one surface of a cathode receiving plate, on which a secondary conveying target is installed and positioned;
5) The assembled adjustable fixing mechanism consisting of the connecting piece and the supporting piece enables the multi-material composite receiving anode plate which collects the large-scale carbon fibrils and the cathode receiving plate which is provided with the secondary conveying targeting template to form a large-scale carbon fibril secondary conveying configuration, so that the cathode receiving plate is arranged below the multi-material composite receiving anode plate;
6) Connecting a ground circuit to the cathode receiving plate and connecting the short rising edge high voltage electrostatic excitation to the anode substrate;
7) Inputting a high-voltage electrostatic signal with positive or negative polarity of more than 10kV and hundred-millisecond-level rising edge capability to the short-rising-edge high-voltage electrostatic excitation, and carrying out contact charging and electrostatic repulsion on large-scale fine carbon fibers collected on a solid polar dielectric thin-layer material in a transient state;
8) The large-scale carbon fibrils are further oriented from top to bottom to accelerate towards the cathode receiving plate under the action of an electrostatic field, and are finally injected into a secondary conveying target at the tail end speed of 10-15 m/s.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes in the embodiments and/or modifications of the invention can be made, and equivalents and modifications of some features of the invention can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A large-scale fine carbon fiber dispersion collection and secondary conveying device is characterized by comprising:
the multi-material composite receiving anode plate is used for inputting electrostatic excitation;
the cathode supporting plate is selectively arranged over against the multi-material composite receiving anode plate and used for outputting a grounding circuit and storing a sample, and the cathode receiving plate is used for outputting the grounding circuit and installing and positioning a secondary conveying target;
and the secondary conveying target is arranged on the cathode receiving plate and is used for receiving, observing and representing the dispersed and collected large-scale carbon microfibers after secondary conveying.
2. The large-scale fine carbon fiber dispersion collection and secondary transportation device according to claim 1, wherein the multi-material composite receiving anode plate comprises a thin layer of solid polar dielectric material and an anode substrate, the thin layer of solid polar dielectric material is fixed on the anode substrate and faces the cathode supporting plate or the cathode receiving plate.
3. The large-scale carbon microfiber dispersion collection and secondary conveying device according to claim 1, wherein the multi-material composite receiving anode plate is detachably fixed with the cathode supporting plate through a support member and forms a large-scale chopped carbon fiber dispersion collection configuration together, or is detachably fixed with the cathode receiving plate and forms a large-scale carbon microfiber secondary conveying configuration together.
4. The large-scale fine carbon fiber dispersion collection and secondary transfer device according to claim 3, wherein an end of the supporter is connected to an end of the cathode supporting plate or the cathode receiving plate through an insulating connector.
5. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the electrostatic stimulation comprises a high voltage direct current electrostatic stimulation inputted to the multi-material composite receiving anode plate when the cathode supporting plate is disposed and a short rising edge high voltage electrostatic stimulation inputted to the multi-material composite receiving anode plate when the cathode receiving plate is disposed.
6. A large-scale micro carbon fiber dispersion collection and secondary conveying method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Flatly placing the large-scale short carbon fibers on a cathode supporting plate;
(2) Connecting a grounding loop to the cathode supporting plate, and connecting the high-voltage direct-current electrostatic excitation to the anode substrate;
(3) Inputting a high-voltage direct-current electrostatic signal to the high-voltage direct-current electrostatic excitation, and dispersing the large-scale short carbon fibers stored on the cathode supporting plate into large-scale micro carbon fibers in a steady state;
(4) The large-scale carbon fibrils discretely migrate towards the multi-material composite receiving anode plate from bottom to top under the action of electrostatic induction and are finally collected in the region of the solid polar dielectric material thin layer;
(5) Replacing the cathode supporting plate with a cathode receiving plate provided with a secondary conveying target positioned;
(6) Connecting a grounding loop to the cathode receiving plate, and connecting the short rising edge high-voltage electrostatic excitation to the anode substrate;
(7) Inputting a high-voltage electrostatic signal to the short rising edge high-voltage electrostatic excitation, and carrying out contact charging and electrostatic repulsion on large-scale micro carbon fibers collected on the solid polar dielectric thin-layer material in a transient state;
(8) The large-scale micro carbon fibers are accelerated to move from top to bottom towards the cathode receiving plate under the action of the electrostatic field and are injected into a secondary conveying target.
7. The large-scale fine carbon fiber dispersion collection and secondary conveyance device according to claim 6, wherein the high-voltage direct current electrostatic signal inputted to the high-voltage direct current electrostatic excitation is a high-voltage direct current electrostatic signal of positive or negative polarity of kV level.
8. The large-scale carbon microfiber dispersion collection and secondary transfer device according to claim 6, wherein the high voltage electrostatic signal with a rising edge capability of hundreds of milliseconds with a positive or negative polarity of 10kV or more is inputted to the short rising edge high voltage electrostatic excitation.
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