CN115356987A - Method for matching numerical control machining blank symbol shapes of automobile die - Google Patents
Method for matching numerical control machining blank symbol shapes of automobile die Download PDFInfo
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- CN115356987A CN115356987A CN202211040813.4A CN202211040813A CN115356987A CN 115356987 A CN115356987 A CN 115356987A CN 202211040813 A CN202211040813 A CN 202211040813A CN 115356987 A CN115356987 A CN 115356987A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
- G05B19/408—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by data handling or data format, e.g. reading, buffering or conversion of data
- G05B19/4083—Adapting programme, configuration
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/35—Nc in input of data, input till input file format
- G05B2219/35356—Data handling
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of blank data processing of numerical control machining of automobile dies, in particular to a method for matching a prototype of a blank machined by the numerical control of an automobile die, which greatly improves the precision of blank data matching and reduces the reference error of numerical control machining. The scheme comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of obtaining point cloud data of a structure and a molded surface of a blank, obtaining a minimum outer envelope unit of the point cloud data, equally cutting the minimum outer envelope unit, deleting noise point cloud data, calculating a mean value and a standard deviation of the distance from the point cloud in a polyhedron unit to a central point, judging and processing the point cloud data according to the mean value and the standard deviation, comparing and processing the STL data and a design model, optimizing and improving a machining program, importing the machining program into program machining of a numerical control machine, configuring a machine tool and a cutter according to the program, and then carrying out simulation inspection and simulation. The method is suitable for blank data matching in the numerical control machining of the automobile die.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of blank data processing of numerical control machining of automobile dies, in particular to a method for matching a prototype of a blank of the numerical control machining of the automobile dies.
Background
After the design of an automobile mold is completed, main large-scale components such as an upper mold base, a lower mold base and a material pressing device need to be processed into castings, the casting quality of the castings has important influence on the numerical control processing efficiency and precision of the mold, the castings are scanned through a three-dimensional laser scanning technology in the prior art, and then are compared with actual design data to form optimized processing blank data after processing. The present general method is to use the software of the laser scanning device to scan and process, because the automobile mould belongs to the single piece customization processing, the processing characteristics of the automobile mould are that besides the complex curved surface of the convex-concave mould of the mould, the plane of the guide plate mounting surface, the squatting dead block, the balance block, the wedge driving seat and the forming insert mounting surface, on one hand, the deviation of the scanning data can be caused by the factors such as the roughness and the reflectivity of each part of the blank and the parameter setting of the device in the three-dimensional scanning process after the casting enters the factory, on the other hand, the deviation of the scanning data can be caused by the casting allowance after the scanning is larger than the design data allowance, the processing risk of too large back draft and even tool collision can be easily caused in the blank processing process, the over-cut defect can be easily caused by too small casting allowance, the present general method depends on the software of the self device to carry out the best matching based on the scanned blank data and the theoretical design data, then the reference value for processing needs to be indicated by the technical personnel when programming, the operator carries out the back-pushing-forward of the matching of the blank and the matching data, and the matching reference value is not only, but also the fitting error is larger than the numerical control processing error.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for matching the shape of a blank processed by a numerical control automobile die, which greatly improves the precision of data matching of the blank and reduces the reference error of numerical control processing.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize the aim, and the symbol matching method for the automobile die numerical control machining blank comprises the following steps:
step 1, processing a three-dimensional plane reference W of a blank, and performing three-dimensional scanning on the blank by taking the W as a reference to obtain point cloud data of the structure and the molded surface of the blank;
step 2, gridding the point cloud data of the part needing to be processed, and obtaining a minimum outer envelope unit of the point cloud data by using an envelope command of software;
step 3, equally cutting the minimum outer envelope unit, which specifically comprises the following steps: equally cutting the envelope into regular polyhedron units;
step 4, deleting the noise point cloud data, which specifically comprises the following steps: calculating the ratio of two adjacent point clouds of polyhedral units, wherein the number of the adjacent point clouds of polyhedral units is n 1 、n 2 If, if
Deleting n point cloud data in the previous unit body, wherein lambda is a positive number less than 1, and n are 1 、n 2 Are all integers greater than 0;
step 5, calculating the mean value and the standard deviation of the distances from the point clouds to the central point in the polyhedron unit, and specifically comprising the following steps: if the coordinate of the center point of the polyhedral cell is (x) 0 ,y 0 ,z 0 ) The number of point clouds in a single unit body is n, and the distance from the point clouds to a central point
The mean value of the distance
Standard deviation of the distance
Step 6, judging and processing point cloud data, which specifically comprises the following steps: according to
Judging whether the point cloud data meet the machining precision of the blank, wherein k is a machining precision coefficient of the mold blank; if the distance d from the point cloud in the body unit to the central point is not obtained through calculationWhen the range is met, deleting and marking the point cloud data in a digital model structure, and finally generating a data file of the STL;
and 7, comparing and processing the STL data and the design model, optimizing and improving the machining program, importing the optimized and improved machining program into the program machining of the numerical control machine tool, and performing simulation check and simulation after configuring the machine tool and the cutter according to the program.
Further, the regular polyhedral unit is a regular tetrahedral unit or a regular hexahedral unit.
The point cloud data of the convex-concave die processing curved surface structure adopts a tetrahedral unit, and the guide plate mounting surface, the squatting dead block, the balance block, the wedge driving seat, the forming insert mounting surface and the safety side pin processing surface structure adopt a hexahedral unit.
Further, the regular tetrahedral unit or the regular hexahedral unit has a side length of l,
n is the average number of points within a single cut polyhedral cell; ρ is the average density of the point clouds in the minimal outer envelope, ρ = N/(x) max -x min )(y max -y min )(z max -z min ) And N is the total number of the point cloud data of the machined installation surface part.
The method comprises the steps of firstly processing a three-dimensional plane datum W on a numerical control machine tool, scanning an automobile die casting by using the W as a scanning datum through laser scanning software, dividing a tetrahedral unit and a hexahedral unit aiming at a curved surface processing area and a plane processing area respectively, equally dividing and cutting a minimum outer envelope unit, calculating the distance from the center inside a unit to point cloud data, obtaining the mean value d and the standard deviation m of the distance, and obtaining the standard deviation m through the distance
Judging whether the point cloud data accords with the processing precision of the blank, marking and deleting the non-conforming point cloud data, outputting a processed grid file, comparing and processing the output STL data and a design model, optimizing and improving a processing program, and guidingAnd in the process of numerical control machine tool program processing, after a machine tool and a cutter are configured according to the program, simulation check and simulation are carried out, so that the precision of matching of blank data and design data is effectively ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for matching raw data according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating distances from point clouds to a center point in tetrahedron or volume-surface units according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of initial data after three-dimensional scanning of the automobile die holder according to the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of blank processing data of the matched automobile die holder according to the embodiment of the present invention.
In the drawing, 101 is a side reference.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention discloses a method for matching a numerical control machining blank symbol of an automobile die, which comprises the following steps of:
step 1, processing a three-dimensional plane reference W of a blank, and performing three-dimensional scanning on the blank by taking the W as a reference to obtain point cloud data of the structure and the molded surface of the blank;
in one embodiment of the present invention, the initial data after the three-dimensional scanning of the automobile die holder is shown in fig. 3.
Step 2, gridding the point cloud data of the part needing to be processed, and obtaining a minimum outer envelope unit of the point cloud data by using an envelope command of software;
in one embodiment of the invention, the regular polyhedral cells are regular tetrahedral cells or regular hexahedral cells.
The point cloud data of the convex-concave die processing curved surface structure adopts a tetrahedral unit, and the guide plate mounting surface, the squatting dead block, the balance block, the wedge driving seat, the forming insert mounting surface and the safety side pin processing surface structure adopt a hexahedral unit.
Step 3, equally cutting the minimum outer envelope unit, which specifically comprises the following steps: equally cutting the envelope into regular polyhedron units;
in one embodiment of the invention, regular tetrahedral units or regular hexahedral units have a side length of l,
n is the average number of points within a single cut polyhedral cell; ρ is the average density of the point clouds in the minimal outer envelope, ρ = N/(x) max -x min )(y max -y min )(z max -z min ) And N is the total number of the point cloud data of the machined installation surface part.
And 4, deleting noise point cloud data, wherein in order to delete the characteristics, the method for deleting the point cloud data specifically comprises the following steps of: calculating the ratio of two adjacent point clouds of polyhedral units, wherein the number of the adjacent point clouds of polyhedral units is n 1 、n 2 If, if
Deleting n point cloud data in the previous unit body, wherein lambda is a positive number smaller than 1, and the numerical value can be an empirical value obtained by summarizing according to the previous scanning processing;
step 5, calculating the mean value and the standard deviation of the distances from the point clouds to the central point in the polyhedron unit, and specifically comprising the following steps: if the coordinate of the center point of the polyhedron unit is (x) 0 ,y 0 ,z 0 ) The number of the point clouds in the single unit body is n, the distance from the point clouds to the central point is shown in figure 2,
the mean value of the distance
Standard deviation of the distance
Step 6, judging and processing point cloud data, wherein the distance d from the point cloud to the central point is subjected to statistical normal distribution, so that the judging method specifically comprises the following steps: according to
Judging whether the point cloud data meet the blank machining precision, wherein k is a mould blank machining precision coefficient; aiming at the molded surface, the reference surface and the matched mounting surface of the male and female die of the automobile outer covering part, the K value is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 1.5, and the K value of other non-important processing surfaces is more than 1.5 and less than or equal to 2;
and if the distance d between the point cloud in the body unit and the central point does not meet the range, deleting and identifying the point cloud data in the digital model structure, and finally generating a data file of the STL, as shown in fig. 4, which is a schematic diagram of blank processing data after the automobile die holder is matched.
And 7, comparing and processing the STL data and the design model, optimizing and improving the machining program, importing the optimized and improved machining program into the numerical control machine tool program machining, configuring a machine tool and a cutter according to the program, and then performing simulation check and simulation, thereby effectively ensuring the matching precision of the blank data and the design data.
In conclusion, the invention greatly improves the data matching precision of the blank, can control the scanning precision of the blank within +/-0.3 mm, and simultaneously reduces the reference error of numerical control processing.
Claims (4)
1. The numerical control machining blank symbol matching method for the automobile die is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, processing a blank into a three-dimensional plane reference W, and carrying out three-dimensional scanning on the blank by taking the W as a reference to obtain point cloud data of the structure and the molded surface of the blank;
step 2, gridding the point cloud data of the part to be processed, and obtaining a minimum outer envelope unit of the point cloud data by using an envelope command of software;
step 3, equally cutting the minimum outer envelope unit, which specifically comprises the following steps: equally cutting the envelope into regular polyhedron units;
step 4, deleting the noise point cloud data, which specifically comprises the following steps: calculating the ratio of two adjacent point clouds of polyhedron units, wherein the number of the adjacent point clouds of polyhedron units is n 1 、n 2 If at all
Deleting n point cloud data in the previous unit body, wherein lambda is a positive number less than 1, and n are 1 、n 2 Are all integers greater than 0;
step 5, calculating the mean value and the standard deviation of the distances from the point clouds to the central point in the polyhedron unit, and specifically comprising the following steps: if the coordinate of the center point of the polyhedral cell is (x) 0 ,y 0 ,z 0 ) The number of point clouds in a single unit is n, and the distance from the point clouds to the central point
The mean value of the distance
Standard deviation of the distance
Step 6, judging and processing the point cloud data, which specifically comprises the following steps: according to
Judging whether the point cloud data meet the blank machining precision, wherein k is a mould blank machining precision coefficient; if it calculatesWhen the distance d from the point cloud in the body unit to the central point does not meet the range, deleting and identifying the point cloud data in a digital-analog structure, and finally generating a data file of the STL;
and 7, comparing and processing the STL data and the design model, optimizing and improving the machining program, importing the optimized and improved machining program into the program machining of the numerical control machine tool, configuring the machine tool and the cutter according to the program, and then carrying out simulation check and simulation.
2. The method for matching the glyph of an automotive mold numerically controlled machining blank according to claim 1, wherein the regular polyhedral cells are regular tetrahedral cells or regular hexahedral cells.
3. The method for matching the symbols of the numerical control machined blank of the automobile mold as claimed in claim 2, wherein the point cloud data of the convex-concave mold machined curved surface structure adopts a tetrahedral unit, and the guide plate installation surface, the squat dead block, the balance block, the wedge driving seat, the forming insert installation surface and the safety side pin machined surface structure adopt a hexahedral unit.
4. The method for matching the symbols of the blank machined by the numerical control of the automobile die as claimed in claim 1, wherein the regular tetrahedral unit or the regular hexahedral unit has a side length of l,
n is the average number of points within a single cut polyhedral cell; ρ is the average density of the point clouds in the minimal outer envelope, ρ = N/(x) max -x min )(y max -y min )(z max -z min ) And N is the total number of the point cloud data of the machined installation surface part.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115601527A (en) * | 2022-11-28 | 2023-01-13 | 大方智造（天津）科技有限公司（Cn） | G code-based trial blank creating method |
| CN116777909A (en) * | 2023-08-18 | 2023-09-19 | 德普数控(深圳)有限公司 | Quick positioning method for tool nose of numerical control machine tool based on point cloud data |
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2022
- 2022-08-29 CN CN202211040813.4A patent/CN115356987A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115601527A (en) * | 2022-11-28 | 2023-01-13 | 大方智造（天津）科技有限公司（Cn） | G code-based trial blank creating method |
| CN115601527B (en) * | 2022-11-28 | 2023-03-10 | 大方智造(天津)科技有限公司 | G code-based trial blank creating method |
| CN116777909A (en) * | 2023-08-18 | 2023-09-19 | 德普数控(深圳)有限公司 | Quick positioning method for tool nose of numerical control machine tool based on point cloud data |
| CN116777909B (en) * | 2023-08-18 | 2023-11-03 | 德普数控(深圳)有限公司 | Quick positioning method for tool nose of numerical control machine tool based on point cloud data |
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