CN115354641A - Underwater static sounding penetration test device and method based on wave current environment simulation - Google Patents
Underwater static sounding penetration test device and method based on wave current environment simulation Download PDFInfo
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- CN115354641A CN115354641A CN202211114129.6A CN202211114129A CN115354641A CN 115354641 A CN115354641 A CN 115354641A CN 202211114129 A CN202211114129 A CN 202211114129A CN 115354641 A CN115354641 A CN 115354641A
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- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
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- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 56
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- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 10
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- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D1/00—Investigation of foundation soil in situ
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B1/00—Equipment or apparatus for, or methods of, general hydraulic engineering, e.g. protection of constructions against ice-strains
- E02B1/02—Hydraulic models
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D33/00—Testing foundations or foundation structures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
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- E02D2600/10—Miscellaneous comprising sensor means
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses an underwater static penetration test device and a test method based on wave current environment simulation, wherein the test device comprises an installation part, a moving mechanism, a propelling mechanism and a measuring probe connected to the moving end of the propelling mechanism; the moving mechanism is movably arranged on the mounting part along a surface vertical to the vertical direction; the propelling mechanism at least comprises a driving structure and a movable lead screw component, and the driving structure is connected with the movable lead screw component through a speed change structure; the moving mechanism is also provided with a displacement measuring structure for recording displacement and outputting a displacement signal, the displacement measuring structure is connected with the propelling mechanism through a displacement speed change structure, and the displacement speed change structure is used for transmitting the amplified moving displacement of the propelling mechanism to the displacement measuring structure. The accurate positioning of the measuring position is realized, and the measuring requirement of intensive testing density is effectively realized on the basis of not additionally adopting precise detection equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of underwater geotechnical in-situ testing, in particular to an underwater static penetration testing device and method based on wave current environment simulation.
Background
Cone static Cone Penetration Test (CPT) and pore pressure static Cone Penetration Test (CPTU) are one of important means of geotechnical in-situ test, and the distribution conditions of physical and mechanical parameters such as soil strength, clay consolidation and the like along the depth are judged through dissipation characteristics of cone tip resistance, side wall resistance and hyperstatic pore water pressure. The testing technology has wide application in the engineering field.
The fluid-solid-soil coupling test technology is an effective means for simulating the coupling effect among a wave current hydrodynamic environment, a foundation soil body and an engineering structure in a laboratory. When the water tank is used for carrying out the test, the static sounding means is required to be used for measuring the physical and mechanical parameters of the test soil body model. By analyzing the test result, the strength of the prepared soil body can be checked and verified, and meanwhile, the liquefaction depth of the powdery soil body under the action of waves can be judged immediately.
However, unlike the static penetration apparatus currently used in engineering, the development of static penetration tests in tests has more stringent and specific technical requirements for penetration apparatuses. The penetration equipment widely used in onshore exploration operation at present can not meet the test requirement of the water tank test.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides an underwater static sounding penetration test device and method based on wave current environment simulation, which finish the accurate positioning of a measurement position through the matching arrangement of a moving mechanism and a penetration mechanism, and effectively meet the measurement requirement of intensive test density on the basis of not additionally adopting a precision detection device based on the introduction of a displacement speed change structure.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides the following:
in one aspect of the embodiment of the invention, an underwater static sounding penetration test device based on wave current environment simulation is provided, which comprises a mounting part, a moving mechanism arranged on the mounting part, a penetration mechanism at least partially arranged on the moving mechanism in a movable manner along a vertical direction, and a measuring probe connected to a moving end of the penetration mechanism; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the moving mechanism is movably arranged on the mounting part along a surface vertical to the vertical direction;
the penetration mechanism at least comprises a driving structure and a movable lead screw component, and the driving structure is connected with the movable lead screw component through a speed change structure;
the displacement measuring structure is used for recording displacement and outputting displacement signals, the displacement measuring structure is connected with the injection mechanism through a displacement speed change structure, and the displacement speed change structure is used for transmitting the amplified moving displacement of the injection mechanism to the displacement measuring structure.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, the mounting portion includes a longitudinal rail extending along an extending direction of one of the group of side edges of the water tank, the moving mechanism includes a longitudinal bracket capable of sliding in the longitudinal rail, a transverse rail having an included angle formed between the extending direction and the longitudinal rail is formed on the longitudinal bracket, and a transverse bracket is movably disposed in the transverse rail; and the number of the first and second groups is,
the longitudinal support is connected with a first driving motor through a shaft lever transmission piece, the transverse support is connected with a second driving motor through a screw rod transmission piece, the first driving motor is used for driving the longitudinal support to move on the longitudinal guide rail, and the second driving motor is used for driving the transverse support to move on the transverse guide rail.
As a preferable aspect of the present invention, the penetration mechanism is provided on the lateral bracket; and the number of the first and second electrodes,
and a movable fastening structure is respectively arranged between the longitudinal support and the longitudinal guide rail and/or between the transverse support and the transverse guide rail, and the movable fastening structure is used for fixing or loosening the longitudinal support and the longitudinal guide rail and/or between the transverse support and the transverse guide rail.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, the driving structure is a penetration motor disposed on the moving mechanism;
the variable-speed structure comprises a worm coaxially connected with the penetration motor and a worm wheel meshed with the worm, and the worm wheel is coaxially connected with the movable lead screw assembly;
the worm is perpendicular to the axial direction of the turbine.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, an internal thread is formed on an inner surface of the turbine, and the movable lead screw assembly at least partially coaxially penetrates through the turbine and is in threaded connection with the internal thread, so that the turbine can rotate to drive the movable lead screw assembly to move in a vertical direction.
As a preferable aspect of the present invention, the displacement speed changing structure includes an upper spool and a lower spool coaxially connected, an upper lead wound around the upper spool, and a lower lead wound around the lower spool; and the number of the first and second electrodes,
the outer diameter of the upper spool is larger than that of the lower spool;
the movable end of the upper lead is connected with the displacement measuring structure, and the movable end of the lower lead is connected with the movable lead screw assembly.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, the displacement speed changing structure further includes a lead screw having an axis parallel to the axial direction of the upper spool and/or the lower spool, an upper guide wheel and a lower guide wheel are rotatably disposed on the lead screw, the movable end of the upper lead surrounds at least part of the upper guide wheel and is then connected to the displacement measuring structure, and the movable end of the lower lead surrounds at least part of the lower guide wheel and is then connected to the movable lead screw assembly;
and one end of a shaft body formed by matching the upper spool and the lower spool is connected with a clockwork spring, the other end of the shaft body is connected with a winding gear, one end of the guide screw rod, which corresponds to one end provided with the winding gear, is connected with a guide gear, and the winding gear is meshed with the guide gear.
As a preferred scheme of the invention, the movable end of the penetration mechanism is connected with the measuring probe through a probe rod, and a joint component is arranged around the outside of the probe rod; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
one end of the probe rod, which is connected with the injection mechanism, is sleeved outside the injection mechanism, and a plurality of through holes distributed along the circumferential direction are formed on the probe rod along the radial direction;
the movable end of the injection mechanism extends outwards from the center to form a plurality of stopping pieces, a collision gap is formed between the stopping pieces, the joint assembly is formed in a sleeve structure by a plurality of arc hoop blocks, two adjacent arc hoop blocks are connected through an elastic hoop, and each arc hoop block is provided with a top column which can penetrate through the through hole and extend into the collision gap, so that the probe rod or the injection mechanism can be rotated to enable the top column to enter or leave the collision gap.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, one side surface of the arc-shaped hoop block is formed as an arc surface, and the other side surface is formed as a flat surface.
In another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is also provided an underwater static sounding penetration test method based on wave current environment simulation, where the underwater static sounding penetration test apparatus according to the foregoing is adopted, and the method includes:
s100, starting a penetration mechanism, moving the penetration mechanism to the upper part of the water tank, and sleeving part of probe rods on the moving end of the penetration mechanism;
s200, rotating the injection mechanism along the direction consistent with the extension direction of the cambered surface of the arc-shaped hoop block to push the end part of the ejection column into the through hole to finish the opening of the arc-shaped hoop block;
s300, pushing the probe rod towards the injection mechanism, so that the probe rod is completely sleeved with the injection mechanism, rotating the injection mechanism in the direction opposite to the step S200, and enabling the end part of the ejection column to enter the collision gap to complete the fixed connection of the probe rod and the injection mechanism;
s400, starting a driving structure, moving the measuring probe to the position near the surface of the soil mass model to be measured along the vertical direction, and completing primary positioning in the vertical direction;
s500, moving through a moving mechanism to complete positioning of the position in the horizontal plane direction;
s600, starting a driving structure, pressing a measuring probe into a soil body model to be measured along the vertical direction, and starting a static sounding test after finishing accurate positioning in the vertical direction;
s700, after the static cone penetration test is finished, starting a driving structure, and moving a measuring probe to the outside of a soil body to be measured;
s800, optionally repeating the steps S500-S700 for no less than one time;
and S900, starting a driving structure and completely lifting out the measuring probe.
The embodiment of the invention has the following advantages:
1) The test under wave flow hydrodynamic force environment can be applicable to steadily: the traditional static sounding equipment is directly fixed on the ground, and when the equipment works in an underwater wave current environment, instability may occur due to hydrodynamic load, so that a test result is influenced. The invention can be integrally fixed on the wall of the water tank above the water surface by matching the mounting part with the moving mechanism, and can completely eliminate the interference of water power on the stability of the test platform, thereby realizing the real-time penetration measurement of the soil body strength change in the wave flow influence process;
2) And (3) accurate positioning: the conventional exploration operation generally requires that the positioning error of an exploration point is not more than 0.5m, the position error of a water tank test on a test point is less than 1cm, and the traditional exploration operation is more strict than the traditional exploration operation, so that related equipment in the prior art is often difficult to meet the underwater detection requirement based on wave current environment simulation. The invention realizes the accurate positioning of the measuring point along the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction of the water tank by the arrangement of the moving mechanism based on the movable arrangement on the surface which is vertical to the vertical direction.
3) Vertical (generally vertical) encrypted measurements: in the traditional investigation operation, the penetration depth of static sounding can reach tens of meters, and the testing equipment generally adopts a displacement encoder to trigger data acquisition and recording. The minimum acquisition interval of a displacement encoder is typically 1 to 2cm, and the test density is sufficient for test depths of tens of meters. However, under laboratory conditions, the penetration test depth is generally not more than 2m, and the test density requirement needs to reach mm level, which is difficult to be met by the existing engineering test system. According to the invention, through the introduction of the displacement speed change structure, the actual movement displacement is amplified and then transmitted to the displacement measurement structure, so that the static sounding test system for engineering also meets the requirement of the laboratory on acquisition precision.
4) And (3) variable speed test: when the current geotechnical engineering survey specifications require survey operation, the static sounding equipment penetrates into a tested soil body at a fixed speed of 2cm/s according to the current national specifications, and the scientific research test needs that the penetration rate is changed within a certain range so as to test the change rule of the soil body strength along with the soil body strain rate. On the basis, the accurate control of the penetration speed is realized by further arranging the speed change structure.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and that other embodiments can be derived from the drawings provided by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort.
The structures, the proportions, the sizes, and the like shown in the specification are only used for matching with the contents disclosed in the specification, so that those skilled in the art can understand and read the present invention, and do not limit the conditions for implementing the present invention, so that the present invention has no technical essence, and any modifications of the structures, changes of the proportion relation, or adjustments of the sizes, should still fall within the scope of the technical contents disclosed in the present invention without affecting the efficacy and the achievable purpose of the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an underwater static penetration testing device in one direction according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an underwater static penetration testing apparatus in another direction according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a moving mechanism and a penetration mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a partial schematic structural view of a moving mechanism and a penetration mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a displacement speed change structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a penetration mechanism, probe and joint assembly provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 isbase:Sub>A cross-sectional view taken along A-A of FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a penetration mechanism, a probe and a joint assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of an end portion of a mobile lead screw assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a partial structure of a probe according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an arc-shaped hoop block provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of a penetration mechanism, probe and joint assembly in a first state provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of a penetration mechanism, probe and joint assembly in a second state provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of a penetration mechanism, probe and joint assembly in a third state provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of a penetration mechanism, probe and joint assembly in a fourth state according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure:
1-an installation part; 2-a moving mechanism; 3-a penetration mechanism; 4-measuring the probe; 5-a water tank; 6-probe rod; 7-a joint assembly;
11-longitudinal guide rails;
20-a displacement measuring structure; 21-longitudinal support; 22-transverse guide rails; 23-a transverse bracket; 24-screw drive; 25-a first drive motor; 26-moving the tightening structure; 27-a second drive motor; 28-shaft drive;
211-data line guide wheel;
261-a locking wheel; 262-a locking clip;
271-worm; 272-a turbine;
281-upper bobbin; 282-lower bobbin; 283-upper lead; 284-down lead; 285-lead screw; 286-upper guide wheels; 287-a lower guide wheel; 288-spring; 289-winding gear; 290-guide gear; 291-a guide frame;
31-penetration motor; 32-moving the lead screw assembly; 33-stopping sheet; 34-interference gap;
61-a through hole;
71-arc hoop block; 72-an elastic band; 73-top pillar.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in terms of particular embodiments, other advantages and features of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention and that it is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The following is a further description by way of specific examples.
The invention provides an underwater static sounding penetration test device based on wave current environment simulation, which specifically comprises a penetration device (specifically comprising a mounting part 1, a moving mechanism 2 and a penetration mechanism 3), a probe rod 6, a joint assembly 7, a measuring probe 4 and the like, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, and the overall arrangement of the penetration device is as shown in fig. 1.
The measuring probe 4 is a standard probe used for engineering static penetration test and is integrated with a tip resistance sensor, a side resistance sensor and a pore water pressure sensor. The probe rod 6 is in a multi-section screwing mode, and a user can freely adjust the length of the probe rod 6 according to the penetration depth. The probe rod 6 is of a hollow structure, and a data wire led out by the measuring probe 4 passes through the probe rod 6 and is led out from the connecting part of the probe rod 6 and the joint component 7. The joint assembly 7 is used to connect the penetration device to the top end of the probe rod 6. The penetration device is used for positioning the whole test device and vertically pressing the probe rod 6 into or pulling out the soil body model at a designated speed.
The following description focuses on the details of the construction of the penetration device and joint assembly 7:
1. structure of the injection device:
the penetration device is used for accurately positioning the test position along the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction of the water tank 5 and driving the probe rod 6 and the measuring probe 4 to penetrate into and pull out the soil body model. The arrangement is shown in fig. 3:
on top of the outer wall of the basin 5 with the fluid-solid soil coupling, two longitudinal rails 11 are arranged extending along one set of opposite sides of the basin 5. The longitudinal support 21 is seated on the longitudinal guide rail 11 by means of a pulley fixed at the bottom and can slide along the longitudinal guide rail 11. The longitudinal support 21 is provided with a first driving motor 25, the first driving motor 25 is connected with a shaft transmission member 28 and a set of pulleys, and simultaneously, the first driving motor 25 can drive the shaft transmission member 28 to rotate, so that the pulleys drive the longitudinal support 21 to move along the longitudinal direction of the water tank 5 for a designated displacement. A set of locking wheels 261 and locking clips 262 are respectively installed at four corners of the longitudinal bracket 21, and the locking wheels 261 are rotated to raise and lower the locking clips 262 so as to lock/release the outer wall of the water tank 5. When the locking clip 262 is locked, the longitudinal bracket 21 is fixed to the outer wall of the water tub 5 so as not to move.
The longitudinal support 21 is provided with transverse guide rails 22. The transverse bracket 23 is seated on the transverse guide rail 22 by means of a bottom-mounted slide so that the transverse bracket 23 can slide transversely on the transverse guide rail 22 along the water trough 5. One side of the transverse bracket 23 is connected with the screw driving member 24, so that the screw driving member 24 is rotated by the second driving motor 27 installed on the longitudinal bracket 21, thereby driving the transverse bracket 23 to transversely move a designated distance along the water tank 5. The lateral bracket 23 may also be similarly provided with a locking wheel 261 and a locking clip 262, and the locking wheel 261 may be rotated to raise and lower the locking clip 262, thereby locking/releasing the longitudinal bracket 21. When the locking clip 262 is in the locked state, the transverse support 23 is immovably fixed to the longitudinal support 21.
The transverse bracket 23 is provided with a penetration motor 31 and a speed change mechanism (for example, a speed reduction gear set is specifically selected here), and the speed reduction gear set is connected with a moving screw assembly 32 (at least comprising a screw rod). When the penetration motor 31 rotates, the reduction gear set converts the rotation input into the vertical translation output, thereby driving the screw rod to move up and down along the vertical direction. The reduction gear set configuration is shown in figure 4.
Specifically, the transmission mechanism of the reduction gear set consists of a turbine pair and a screw pair. Wherein the worm 271 and the worm wheel 272 form a turbine pair: the worm 271 is connected to an output shaft of the penetration motor 31, and reduces the rotation of the horizontal shaft and converts the rotation into the rotation of the worm wheel 272 along the vertical shaft. The inner side of the worm wheel 272 is provided with an internal thread concentric with the worm wheel 272, so that the internal thread and the movable lead screw assembly 32 form a screw pair, and the rotation of the worm wheel 272 along the vertical axis is converted into the lifting motion of the movable lead screw assembly 32 along the vertical direction. Setting different rotational speeds for the penetration motor 31 allows the moving screw assembly 32 to move in the vertical direction at different speeds.
The horizontal bracket 23 is provided with a stay-supported displacement measurement structure 20 which can measure the displacement of the movable lead screw assembly 32 along the vertical direction and output pulse signals at fixed displacement intervals so as to control the acquisition and recording of measurement data. A pull-wire type displacement speed changing structure is mounted on the lateral bracket 23, and one end of a lead of the pull-wire type displacement measuring structure 20 is fixed on an upper spool 281 of the displacement speed changing structure. The lower spool 282 of the displacement shifting mechanism has a lead secured to the bottom end of the traveling screw assembly 32. When the movable lead screw assembly 32 moves vertically, the lead speed on the displacement measurement structure 20 can be higher than the actual moving speed of the movable lead screw assembly 32 through the displacement speed change structure, so that the displacement interval of pulse signals is reduced, and the encryption of acquired data is realized. The above-described displacement shifting structure is shown in fig. 5.
An upper lead wire 283 led out from the wire-pulling type displacement measuring structure 20 is wound on the upper spool 281 by an upper guide wheel 286. A lower lead 284 connected to the bottom end of the moving screw assembly 32 is wound on the lower spool 282 through a lower guide wheel 287. Upper spool 281 is larger in diameter than lower spool 282. The upper spool 281, the lower spool 282, the winding gear 289 are coaxial and fixed to each other. The winding gear 289 meshes with the guide gear 290. The lead gear 290 is coaxial with the lead screw 285 and fixed to each other. The lead screw 285 has a thread pitch slightly larger than the diameter of the upper and lower leads 283, 284. The upper guide wheel 286 and the lower guide wheel 287 are mounted on the guide frame 291, respectively, and are independently freely rotatable. The connection part of the guide frame 291 and the guide screw 285 is provided with an internal thread which can be driven by the guide screw 285 to slide along the guide slide rail. A clockwork spring 288 is mounted on one end of the lower spool 282. When the moving screw assembly 32 moves downward by the penetration motor 31, the lower lead wire 284 sequentially drives the lower bobbin 282, the upper bobbin 281, the winding gear 289, the guide gear 290, and the guide screw 285 to rotate, so that the guide frame 291, the upper guide wheel 286, and the lower guide wheel 287 move along the guide slide rail, thereby guiding the upper lead wire 283 to be regularly wound on the upper bobbin 281. At the same time, the clockwork spring 288 is tensioned as the lower spool 282 rotates, and the upper spool 281 retracts the upper wire 283 at a high speed. When the moving screw assembly 32 is moved vertically upward by the penetration motor 31, the clockwork spring 288 reverses the movement of the above-mentioned mechanism, so that the lower wire 284 is wound regularly along the lower wire shaft 282 while the upper wire shaft 281 releases the upper wire 283 at a high speed. The user can replace the upper and lower spools 281, 282 with different diameters as needed to achieve the desired speed ratio of the upper and lower leads 283, 284.
A data line guide wheel 211 is further mounted on each of the longitudinal bracket 21 and the lateral bracket 23. After being led out from the interior of the probe rod 6, the data wire of the measuring probe 4 is guided to the outside of the water tank 5 by the data wire guide wheel 211 and is connected with the acquisition equipment. The data line guide wheel 211 prevents the data line from being damaged by being pulled during the lifting of the moving screw assembly 32.
2. Structure of the joint assembly 7:
the joint assembly 7 can assist the user to quickly attach the top end of the probe 6 to the end of the moving screw assembly 32 or to quickly detach the probe 6 from the end of the moving screw assembly 32. The schematic structural diagram, the parts and the assembly effect diagram are shown in fig. 6-11.
Wherein, the inner side of the arc hoop block 71 is provided with a top column 73. The top end of the probe rod 6 is provided with a through hole 61 for the top pillar 73 to pass through. After the end of the moving screw assembly 32 is completely inserted into the top end of the probe 6, the top pillar 73 can be completely pressed into the through hole 61 of the top end of the probe 6 by the elastic hoop 72 by rotating the top end of the probe 6, so that the arc-shaped hoop block 71 is closed to form a cylinder, and the fixing of the moving screw assembly 32 and the probe 6 is completed.
The installation process of the moving screw assembly 32 and the probe 6 is explained as follows: A. lifting the probe rod 6 to push the tail end structure of the movable lead screw assembly 32 into the cavity at the upper end of the probe rod 6 until a plurality of blocks at the periphery of the tail end of the movable lead screw assembly 32 are blocked by a plurality of arc-shaped hoop blocks 71 which are closed with each other, as shown in FIG. 12; B. when the probe rod 6 is rotated, the ejection column 73 slides along the inclined surface at the tail end of the movable lead screw assembly 32 and ejects the arc-shaped hoop block 71 outwards, and the arc-shaped hoop block 71 is opened as shown in fig. 13; C. the probe rod 6 is further lifted until the end of the moving screw assembly 32 is fully inserted, as shown in fig. 14; (4) When the probe rod 6 is rotated reversely, the arc-shaped hoop block 71 is restored to the closed state under the pressure of the elastic hoop 72, and the fixation of the probe rod 6 and the movable lead screw assembly 32 is completed.
Since onshore exploration operations typically have sufficient time to deploy and retrieve the probe. In the water tank test, the drilling equipment needs to be quickly recovered after measurement is realized in a wave flow environment, otherwise, the flow field is interfered by the probe rod 6, so that the test phenomena such as the flushing form of the bed surface are influenced. According to the invention, the joint assembly 7 is arranged at the end part of the probe rod 6, so that experimenters can conveniently and rapidly install and recover the probe rod 6 before and after testing, and the interference of testing behaviors to the testing process is reduced to the greatest extent.
The invention further describes an underwater static penetration test method based on wave current environment simulation.
The operation steps are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: selecting a probe rod with a proper length, an upper spool and a lower spool of the displacement speed change structure according to the experimental design, and assembling the probe rod and the displacement speed change structure;
step two: starting the penetration motor, and lifting the movable lead screw assembly to the top of the water tank;
step three: inserting the top end of a probe rod into the tail end of a movable lead screw assembly, rotating the top end of the movable lead screw assembly to open a cylindrical structure formed by enclosing of arc-shaped hoop blocks, completely inserting the top end of the probe rod into the tail end of the movable lead screw assembly, rotating the top end of the movable lead screw assembly in the opposite direction to enable the cylindrical structure formed by enclosing of the arc-shaped hoop blocks to be locked into a cylinder shape, and fixing the probe rod;
step four: starting the penetration motor, and descending the measuring probe to the position near the surface of the soil body model;
step five: starting a first driving motor and a second driving motor to complete test point positioning;
step six: starting a penetration motor, pressing a probe rod into the soil body model to a test design testing depth, and starting a static sounding test;
step seven: starting the penetration motor, and lifting the measuring probe above the soil surface;
step eight: if no other tests are needed, the penetration motor is started, the probe rod is completely lifted out, and the probe rod is dismounted by reverse operation according to the third step; if the test is continued, the process from the fifth step to the seventh step is repeated to complete the subsequent test.
Although the invention has been described in detail above with reference to a general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (10)
1. An underwater static penetration test device based on wave current environment simulation is characterized by comprising a mounting part (1), a moving mechanism (2) arranged on the mounting part (1), a propelling mechanism (3) at least partially movably mounted on the moving mechanism (2) along a vertical direction, and a measuring probe (4) connected to a moving end of the propelling mechanism (3); wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
the moving mechanism (2) is movably arranged on the mounting part (1) along a surface vertical to the vertical direction;
the propelling mechanism (3) at least comprises a driving structure and a movable lead screw component (32), and the driving structure is connected with the movable lead screw component (32) through a speed changing structure;
the displacement measuring mechanism is characterized in that a displacement measuring structure (20) used for recording displacement and outputting displacement signals is further arranged on the moving mechanism (2), the displacement measuring structure (20) is connected with the propelling mechanism (3) through a displacement speed changing structure, and the displacement speed changing structure is used for transmitting the amplified moving displacement of the propelling mechanism (3) to the displacement measuring structure (20).
2. An underwater static penetration test device according to claim 1, wherein the mounting portion (1) comprises a longitudinal guide rail (11) extending along the extending direction of one set of side edges of the water tank (5), the moving mechanism (2) comprises a longitudinal support (21) capable of sliding in the longitudinal guide rail (11), a transverse guide rail (22) extending in the direction forming an included angle with the longitudinal guide rail (11) is formed on the longitudinal support (21), and a transverse support (23) is movably arranged in the transverse guide rail (22); and the number of the first and second electrodes,
the longitudinal support (21) is connected with a first driving motor (25) through a shaft rod transmission piece (28), the transverse support (23) is connected with a second driving motor (27) through a screw rod transmission piece (24), the first driving motor (25) is used for driving the longitudinal support (21) to move on the longitudinal guide rail (11), and the second driving motor (27) is used for driving the transverse support (23) to move on the transverse guide rail (22).
3. An underwater static penetration testing device according to claim 2, wherein the propulsion mechanism (3) is arranged on the transverse support (23); and the number of the first and second groups is,
a movable fastening structure (26) is arranged between the longitudinal support (21) and the longitudinal guide rail (11) and/or between the transverse support (23) and the transverse guide rail (22), and the movable fastening structure (26) is used for fixing or loosening the longitudinal support (21) and the longitudinal guide rail (11) and/or the transverse support (23) and the transverse guide rail (22).
4. An underwater static penetration test apparatus according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the driving structure is a penetration motor (31) provided on the moving mechanism (2);
the speed change structure comprises a worm (271) coaxially connected with the penetration motor (31), a worm wheel (272) meshed with the worm (271), and the worm wheel (272) is coaxially connected with the movable lead screw assembly (32);
the worm (271) is arranged perpendicular to the axial direction of the worm wheel (272).
5. The underwater static penetration testing device according to claim 4, wherein an internal thread is formed on the inner surface of the turbine (272), and the moving screw assembly (32) at least partially coaxially penetrates through the turbine (272) and is in threaded connection with the internal thread, so that the turbine (272) can rotate to drive the moving screw assembly (32) to move in the vertical direction.
6. An underwater static penetration test apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the displacement speed change mechanism comprises an upper spool (281) and a lower spool (282) which are coaxially connected, an upper lead (283) wound around the upper spool (281), and a lower lead (284) wound around the lower spool (282); and the number of the first and second electrodes,
the outer diameter of the upper spool (281) is greater than the outer diameter of the lower spool (282);
the movable end of the upper lead wire (283) is connected with the displacement measuring structure (20), and the movable end of the lower lead wire (284) is connected with the movable lead screw component (32).
7. The underwater static penetration testing device of claim 6, wherein the displacement speed-changing structure further comprises a lead screw (285) with an axis parallel to the axial direction of the upper spool (281) and/or the lower spool (282), the lead screw (285) is provided with an upper guide wheel (286) and a lower guide wheel (287) in a rotatable manner, the movable end of the upper lead (283) surrounds at least part of the upper guide wheel (286) and is connected to the displacement measuring structure (20), and the movable end of the lower lead (284) surrounds at least part of the lower guide wheel (287) and is connected to the movable lead screw assembly (32);
and one end of a shaft body formed by matching the upper spool (281) and the lower spool (282) is connected with a clockwork spring (288), the other end of the shaft body is connected with a winding gear (289), one end of the guide screw rod (285) corresponding to one end provided with the winding gear (289) is connected with a guide gear (290), and the winding gear (289) is meshed with the guide gear (290).
8. An underwater static sounding penetration test device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the moving end of the penetration mechanism (3) is connected with the measuring probe (4) through a probe rod (6), and a joint assembly (7) is arranged around the outside of the probe rod (6); wherein the content of the first and second substances,
one end of the probe rod (6) connected with the injection mechanism (3) is sleeved outside the injection mechanism (3), and a plurality of through holes (61) distributed along the circumferential direction are formed on the probe rod (6) along the radial direction;
the movable end of the penetration mechanism (3) extends outwards from the center to form a plurality of stopping sheets (33), a collision gap (34) is formed between the stopping sheets (33), the joint assembly (7) is formed in a sleeve structure by surrounding a plurality of arc hoop blocks (71), two adjacent arc hoop blocks (71) are connected through an elastic hoop (72), and each arc hoop block (71) is provided with a top column (73) which can penetrate through the through hole (61) and extend into the collision gap (34), so that the top column (73) can enter or leave the collision gap (34) by rotating the probe rod (6) or the penetration mechanism (3).
9. An underwater static penetration test device according to claim 8, wherein one side surface of the arc-shaped hoop block (71) is formed as an arc surface, and the other side surface is formed as a plane surface.
10. An underwater static penetration test method based on wave current environment simulation, which is characterized in that the underwater static penetration test device according to claim 9 is adopted, and the method comprises the following steps:
s100, starting a penetration mechanism, moving the penetration mechanism to the upper part of the water tank, and sleeving part of probe rods on the moving end of the penetration mechanism;
s200, rotating the injection mechanism along the direction consistent with the extension direction of the cambered surface of the arc-shaped hoop block to push the end part of the ejection column into the through hole to finish the opening of the arc-shaped hoop block;
s300, pushing the probe rod towards the injection mechanism, so that the probe rod is completely sleeved with the injection mechanism, rotating the injection mechanism in the direction opposite to the step S200, and enabling the end part of the ejection column to enter the collision gap to complete the fixed connection of the probe rod and the injection mechanism;
s400, starting a driving structure, moving the measuring probe to the position near the surface of the soil mass model to be measured along the vertical direction, and completing primary positioning in the vertical direction;
s500, moving through a moving mechanism to complete positioning of the position in the horizontal plane direction;
s600, starting a driving structure, pressing a measuring probe into a soil body model to be measured along the vertical direction, and starting a static sounding test after finishing accurate positioning in the vertical direction;
s700, after the static sounding test is finished, starting a driving structure, and moving a measuring probe to the outside of a soil body to be measured;
s800, optionally repeating the steps S500-S700 for no less than one time;
and S900, starting a driving structure and completely lifting the measuring probe.
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