CN109147449B - Simulation method and device for nuclear magnetic resonance vibration and rotation while drilling - Google Patents
Simulation method and device for nuclear magnetic resonance vibration and rotation while drilling Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a simulation method and a device for nuclear magnetic resonance vibration and rotation while drilling, wherein the device comprises the following components: the device comprises a nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging-while-drilling instrument, a stratum simulation device and a movement device; the moving device is used for driving the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument to move; the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument is used for logging a simulated stratum in the stratum simulation device, outputting a spin echo string obtained in a static state when the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument is static, and outputting a spin echo string obtained in a corresponding motion state when the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument is in different motion states; the calibration method comprises the steps that spin echo strings respectively obtained in at least one motion state and a static state are used for obtaining a spin echo string calibration curve in at least one motion state; these spin echo train correction curves are used to correct the spin echo train obtained in the actual logging. T obtained by inversion of corrected spin echo string2The spectrum can reflect the formation characteristics more truly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention mainly relates to a while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance logging technology, in particular to a method and a device for simulating vibration and rotation of nuclear magnetic resonance while drilling.
Background
The nuclear magnetic resonance logging is performed by responding to an external magnetic field through hydrogen atomic cores in a stratum, and the nuclear magnetic resonance logging specifically comprises the following steps: applying an alternating electromagnetic field with the same Larmor frequency as the precession of the hydrogen nuclear magnetic moment to a nuclear spin system in a static magnetic field in a direction perpendicular to the static magnetic field, so that the hydrogen nuclear magnetic momentThe energy provided by the absorption of the alternating electromagnetic field transitions to a high energy state. When the alternating electromagnetic field is cancelled, the hydrogen nuclei return to a low energy state due to a high energy state in the relaxation process, and simultaneously generate a group of spin echo signals, wherein the peak value of each spin echo signal is a spin echo string. T by spin echo string inversion2Spectra, and thus important information reflecting the physical properties of the formation may be obtained.
The nuclear magnetic resonance logging while drilling is one of nuclear magnetic resonance logging, has the characteristic of simultaneous drilling and logging, can adjust the drilling direction according to information measured in the drilling process, and can drill in highly deviated wells and horizontal wells. Therefore, the nuclear magnetic resonance logging while drilling technology is widely applied to oil field logging at present. When the nuclear magnetic resonance logging while drilling is utilized, in order to solve important information such as physical characteristics of the stratum, the stratum information is reflected in real time by measuring a stratum spin echo string signal in the logging process.
However, the drilling direction of the nuclear magnetic resonance logging while drilling can be adjusted in the drilling process, and the motion state of the nuclear magnetic resonance logging while drilling is complex, so that the formation spin echo string signal obtained by the nuclear magnetic resonance logging while drilling is influenced by the complex motion state and the vibration generated by the drilling of a drill bit, and further the T obtained by inverting the formation spin echo string signal2The spectrum does not truly reflect the physical characteristics of the formation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a simulation method and a simulation device for nuclear magnetic resonance vibration and rotation while drilling, which are used for simulating the motion state of a nuclear magnetic resonance caliper while drilling in a stratum during actual logging, so that spin echo strings in different motion states are obtained.
In a first aspect of the invention, there is provided a simulation apparatus for nuclear magnetic resonance vibration and rotation while drilling, the apparatus comprising: the device comprises a nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging-while-drilling instrument, a stratum simulation device and a movement device.
Wherein, a simulated stratum is arranged in the stratum simulation device.
The nuclear magnetic resonance while drilling simulation logging instrument is used for outputting a spin echo string.
The moving device is connected with the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument and is used for driving the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument to move so that the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument is in at least one motion state respectively.
The nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging while drilling instrument is placed in the stratum simulation device and used for logging a simulated stratum in the stratum simulation device, when the nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging while drilling instrument is static, a spin echo string obtained in a static state is output, and when the nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging while drilling instrument is in different motion states, a spin echo string obtained in a corresponding motion state is output.
Wherein, the spin echo string obtained in at least one motion state and the spin echo string obtained in a static state are respectively used for obtaining a spin echo string calibration curve in at least one motion state; and the spin echo string correction curve in at least one motion state is used for correcting a spin echo string obtained in the process of logging the actual stratum by the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance logging instrument.
In one possible embodiment, the motion state includes: direction of motion and speed of motion.
In a possible embodiment, the moving directions are N, the moving speed corresponding to each moving direction is at least one, and N is an integer greater than 0; the direction of motion in the motion state comprises: m motion directions in the N motion directions, wherein M is an integer which is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N; the motion speed in the motion state includes: any one of the moving speeds corresponding to each of the M moving directions.
In one possible embodiment, N is equal to 3, and 3 of the movement directions include transverse movement, axial movement, and longitudinal movement.
In one possible embodiment, the movement device comprises: the device comprises a transverse movement device, an axial movement device, a longitudinal movement device and a connecting rod;
the connecting rod is used for connecting the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument with the transverse movement device, the axial movement device and the longitudinal movement device.
And the transverse movement device is used for driving the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument to perform transverse movement through the connecting rod.
And the axial movement device is used for driving the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument to perform axial movement through the connecting rod.
And the longitudinal movement device is used for driving the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument to execute longitudinal movement through the connecting rod.
In one possible embodiment, the lateral movement device comprises: horizontal loading board and motion vehicle, be provided with the slide rail on the horizontal loading board.
The moving vehicle is connected with the connecting rod, and when the moving vehicle slides along the sliding rail, the nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging-while-drilling instrument is driven to perform transverse movement.
In one possible embodiment, the axial movement device comprises: a motor device.
The motor device is connected with the connecting rod, and when the motor device rotates, the drilling-following nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument is driven to perform axial movement.
In one possible embodiment, the longitudinal movement device comprises: two pulleys and connect the rope, connect the rope and be connected with the connecting rod, and still connect two pulleys.
When the connecting rope is stressed, the nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging-while-drilling instrument is driven to execute longitudinal movement.
In one possible embodiment, the simulated formation has petrophysical properties of a corresponding layer of rock of the downhole formation.
The second aspect of the invention provides a simulation method of nuclear magnetic resonance vibration and rotation while drilling, which is applied to the simulation device of nuclear magnetic resonance vibration and rotation while drilling according to the first aspect of the invention.
The method comprises the following steps:
the nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging while drilling instrument performs logging operation on a simulated stratum in the stratum simulation device in a static state and outputs a spin echo string obtained in the static state;
the moving device drives the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument to move so that the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument is in at least one motion state respectively;
and the nuclear magnetic resonance while drilling simulation logging instrument performs logging operation on the simulated stratum in the stratum simulation device and outputs the obtained spin echo string in the corresponding motion state when the simulated stratum is in different motion states.
The invention provides a simulation method and a simulation device for nuclear magnetic resonance vibration and rotation while drilling, which simulate the actual drilling motion state of a nuclear magnetic resonance caliper while drilling through a nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument while drilling, a stratum simulation device and a motion device, and simultaneously collect the spin echo strings of the nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument while drilling in different motion states and in a static state. Spin echo string calibration curves in different motion states can be obtained through spin echo strings in different motion states and in a static state, and the spin echo string calibration curves are used for calibrating the spin echo strings obtained in actual logging. T obtained by inversion of corrected spin echo string2The spectra can reflect more realistic formation characteristics, thereby providing more accurate downhole information to logging personnel.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a nuclear magnetic resonance logging while drilling simulation device provided by the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a lateral motion device 31 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an axial motion device 32 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an axial motion device 33 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a first method for simulating vibration and rotation of nuclear magnetic resonance while drilling according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the prior art, as the drilling direction can be adjusted in the drilling process of the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance logging, the motion state is complex, the formation spin echo string signal obtained by the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance logging is influenced by the complex motion state and the vibration generated by the drilling of a drill bit, and then the T obtained by inverting the formation spin echo string signal is caused2The spectrum does not truly reflect the physical characteristics of the formation.
In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a device for simulating nuclear magnetic resonance vibration and rotation while drilling, which can simulate the possible motion state of a nuclear magnetic resonance logging instrument while drilling during actual logging, and obtain a spin echo string in a complex motion state.
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail by specific examples. The following several specific embodiments may be combined with each other, and details of the same or similar concepts or processes may not be repeated in some embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a nuclear magnetic resonance logging while drilling simulation apparatus provided by the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the simulation apparatus for nuclear magnetic resonance vibration and rotation while drilling includes: the device comprises a nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging-while-drilling instrument 1, a stratum simulation device 2 and a movement device 3.
The formation simulator 2 is provided with a simulated formation 21. The stratum simulation device 2 is formed by nesting two hollow cylinders with different radiuses, and the circle centers of the two cylinders are located at the same position. Wherein, the hole that the cylinder fretwork that the radius is less formed is used for simulating the well. The annular cylinder between the two cylinders is composed of a plurality of grids, each grid is not communicated with each other, and silt, rocks or various fluids and the like can be filled in the grids to form a simulated stratum, so that stratum simulation of various properties can be performed. In addition, in order to ensure that the material for manufacturing the formation simulator 2 does not influence the gyrotron string of the simulated formation measured by the MWD simulated logging device 1, the partition parts among the lattices of the formation simulator 2 are all made of materials without hydrogen elements, such as glass fiber reinforced plastics, polytetrafluoroethylene and the like, so that the nuclear magnetic resonance signals are ensured to be not influenced.
The hole formed by hollowing out the cylinder with the smaller radius in the stratum simulation device 2 is used for simulating a borehole, so that the nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument 1 does not need to use drilling equipment when the actual logging is simulated, the problem that the accuracy of a spin echo string of a simulated stratum is influenced because the drilling equipment vibrates when drilling to cause the nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument 1 to vibrate is avoided, and the measurement area of the nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument for measuring the spin echo string of the simulated stratum is changed.
In some embodiments, the simulated formation has petrophysical properties of a corresponding layer of rock of the downhole formation.
The simulated formation is a simulated formation formed by filling sand, rock, various fluids, or the like into the lattice in the formation simulation apparatus 2, and having lithological properties that are consistent with those of the rock of the corresponding layer of the downhole formation. The underground stratum is the stratum around the borehole where the nuclear magnetic resonance logging while drilling instrument is located when actual logging is carried out. For example: the underground stratum is rock layer a, rock layer b, rock layer c, rock layer d and the like in turn from the upward downward direction, then the stratum simulation device 2 is filled with silt, rock or various fluids and the like, so that the simulated stratum is sequentially from the upward downward direction: artificial rock having the rock properties of rock layer a, artificial rock having the rock properties of rock layer b, artificial rock having the rock properties of rock layer c, artificial rock having the rock properties of rock layer d, etc.
The logging-while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument 1 is used for outputting a spin echo string. The while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument 1 can generate a static magnetic field and a radio frequency magnetic field to generate a nuclear magnetic resonance signal, meanwhile, the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument 1 receives a spin echo signal of a simulated formation, the spin echo signal is presented in the form of a high-voltage signal and a low-voltage signal, and finally, the high-voltage signal and the low-voltage signal are converted into a spin echo string of the simulated formation.
The moving device 3 is connected with the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument 1 and is used for driving the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument to move so that the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument 1 is in at least one motion state respectively. Wherein the movement means 3 are mounted in the upper part of the stratigraphic simulation means 2.
The logging-while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument 1 is placed in the stratum simulation device 2 and used for logging a simulated stratum in the stratum simulation device 2, when the logging-while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument 1 is static, a spin echo string obtained in a static state is output, and when the logging-while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument 1 is in different motion states, a spin echo string obtained in a corresponding motion state is output.
The nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging-while-drilling instrument 1 is arranged in a simulated borehole of the stratum simulation device 2, and a nuclear magnetic resonance signal and a spin echo signal receiving device are easily generated by opening a static magnetic field and a radio frequency magnetic field in the nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging-while-drilling instrument 1. Then, the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging tool 1 is placed at the center position of the simulated borehole, and the spin echo train when the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging tool 1 is stationary is measured. Then, the motion device 3 drives the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument 1 to simulate the motion state of the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance logging instrument when actual logging is performed in a simulated borehole, and when the motion device 3 drives the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument 1 to be in one motion state, a spin echo string in the state is output.
The self-rotation echo string calibration method comprises the following steps of obtaining a self-rotation echo string in at least one motion state and a self-rotation echo string in a static state respectively, wherein the self-rotation echo string obtained in at least one motion state and the self-rotation echo string obtained in a static state are used for obtaining a self-rotation echo string calibration curve in at least one motion state; and the spin echo string correction curve in at least one motion state is used for correcting a spin echo string obtained in the process of logging the actual stratum by the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance logging instrument.
In some embodiments, the steps of obtaining a spin echo train calibration curve in at least one motion state and using the spin echo train calibration curve to calibrate a spin echo train obtained during logging of a real formation by a nuclear magnetic resonance logging while drilling tool include:
In this embodiment, the spin echo string calibration curve in the motion state is obtained according to the amplitude value of the spin echo string output in the motion state and the amplitude value of the spin echo string output in the stationary state.
The amplitude value of the spin echo string changes with time, so that when the spin echo string correction curve in each motion state is determined, the amplitude value of the standard spin echo string at the time t is compared with the amplitude value of the spin echo string to be corrected at the time t, and the correction coefficient at the time t is obtained. The calculation formula of the correction coefficient is, for example, as shown in formula (1):
wherein t represents time, u represents correction coefficient at time t, atRepresenting the amplitude value of the standard autorotation wave string at time t, btRepresenting the amplitude value of the autorotation wave string to be corrected at the time t, the application does not limit atAnd btOf unit order of (a) as long as a is guaranteedtAnd btThe units of (a) are the same.It should be noted that the correction coefficient in the present embodiment is not limited to the calculation of the above formula (1), and may also be, for example, formula (2):
when the correction coefficient is obtained from the formula (1), in each motion state, according to the formula (1), first, at each time, the standard spin loop string at the corresponding time is compared with the amplitude value of the spin loop string to be corrected, and the correction coefficient at each time is obtained, thereby obtaining the correction coefficient at different times. Then, a rectangular coordinate system is established, the abscissa represents time, the ordinate represents a correction coefficient, and the correction coefficient at any time t on the corresponding abscissa is found on the rectangular coordinate system. And finally, connecting the correction coefficients corresponding to different moments by using smooth curves on a rectangular coordinate system to obtain a spin echo train correction curve in each motion state.
For example, in the simulation device, when the logging-while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging tool is in the motion state 1, at the time t1The amplitude value of the standard autorotation echo string is a1The amplitude value of the autorotation wave string to be corrected is b1Obtaining the time t according to the formula (1)1Correction coefficient u of time1. At time t2The amplitude value of the standard autorotation echo string is a2The amplitude value of the autorotation wave string to be corrected is b2Obtaining the time t according to the formula (1)2Correction coefficient u of time2. Until the moment. The amplitude value of the standard autorotation wave string is anThe amplitude value of the autorotation wave string to be corrected is bnObtaining the time t according to the formula (1)nCorrection coefficient u of timen. Then, a point (t) is found on the rectangular coordinate system1，u1)、(t2，u2)、…、(tn，un). Finally will (t)1，u1)、(t2，u2)、…、(tn，un) And connecting by using smooth curves to obtain a spin echo train correction curve corresponding to the motion state 1.
And 2, acquiring a spin echo string output by the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance logging instrument and the motion state of the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance logging instrument in the process of logging the actual stratum by the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance logging instrument.
In this embodiment, when the nuclear magnetic resonance logging while drilling is actually used, the nuclear magnetic resonance logging while drilling instrument may measure and obtain the spin echo string of the actual formation, and at the same time, the nuclear magnetic resonance logging while drilling instrument may record the motion state of the nuclear magnetic resonance logging while drilling during logging, so as to obtain the motion state of the nuclear magnetic resonance logging while drilling instrument and the spin echo string of the actual formation in the motion state.
And 3, determining a spin echo string correction curve according to the motion state of the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance logging instrument and the corresponding relation between the predetermined motion state and the spin echo string correction curve.
In this embodiment, because the motion state of the nuclear magnetic resonance logging while drilling tool is very complex during actual logging, in order to make the corrected spin echo string more accurate, the motion state of the nuclear magnetic resonance logging while drilling tool may be divided into at least one motion state according to a time sequence. For example, in some embodiments, during actual logging, if the logging operator operates the nmr tool to drill vertically downward into the formation at a fixed rate, the nmr tool is in a moving state. If the nuclear magnetic resonance logging instrument is used for carrying out the drilling operation in the stratum at the same time at a fixed axial movement speed and longitudinal movement at the beginning. Due to the well logging requirement, the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance logging instrument needs to change the drilling direction so as to fix the axial movement speed and horizontally move to horizontally drill, and the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance logging instrument changes the one-time movement state. Thus, in the process of once logging, the nuclear magnetic resonance logging-while-drilling instrument has two motion states. And then finding the spin echo string correction curve in the motion state or close to the motion state according to the motion state of the nuclear magnetic resonance logging instrument during each time period.
And 4, correcting the spin echo string according to the spin echo string correction curve.
In this embodiment, spin backThe wave string correction curve is a curve of the change of the correction coefficient of the spin echo string along with time, so when the spin echo string of the actual stratum output by the nuclear magnetic resonance logging while drilling instrument during actual logging is corrected, for the amplitude value at the moment t on the spin echo string of the actual stratum, the correction coefficient at the corresponding moment is determined from the spin echo string correction curve. When the actual logging is carried out by the nuclear magnetic resonance logging while drilling instrument, the motion state of the nuclear magnetic resonance logging while drilling instrument is divided into at least one motion state according to the time sequence, so that for any one motion state of the nuclear magnetic resonance logging while drilling instrument during the actual logging, when the amplitude value of the time t on the spin echo string in any motion state is corrected, a spin echo string correction curve corresponding to the motion state is found, and a correction coefficient of the time t corresponding to the time t is found on the spin echo string correction curve, wherein the time t is the time t on the spin echo string in any motion state minus the time when the motion state starts. For example, the motion states corresponding to the spin echo strings of the actual formation output by the nuclear magnetic resonance logging while drilling tool may be classified in time order as follows: in the time period of 0 to t1The motion state in the inner is motion state 1, at time period t1～t2The motion state in (2) is the motion state in the time period (t)2～t3The inner motion state is motion state 3. When the amplitude value at the time t on the spin echo string in the motion state 1 is corrected, a correction coefficient at the time t is found on a spin echo string correction curve corresponding to the motion state 1, and at this time, the time t on the spin echo string correction curve corresponds to the time t on the spin echo string. When the amplitude value at time t on the spin echo train in the motion state 2 is corrected, a correction coefficient at time t corresponding to time t is found on the spin echo train correction curve corresponding to the motion state 2, and at this time, time t on the spin echo train correction curve is equal to the time t on the spin echo train minus the time t1 at which the motion state 2 starts. When the amplitude value at the time t on the spin echo string in the motion state 3 is corrected, a correction coefficient at the time t corresponding to the time t is found on a spin echo string correction curve corresponding to the motion state 3, and the time t on the spin echo string correction curve is equal to the time t on the spin echo string minus the time t on the spin echo stringTime t of the start of the go motion State 32。
And then, correcting the amplitude value of the autorotation wave string of the actual stratum at the moment t according to the determined correction coefficient to obtain the amplitude value of the corrected autorotation wave string of the actual stratum at the moment t, so that the amplitude value of the corrected autorotation wave string at each moment can be obtained.
And finally, connecting the amplitude values of the corrected autorotation wave strings at each moment by using a smooth curve to obtain the corrected autorotation wave strings of the actual stratum.
Step 5, inverting the corrected spin echo string to obtain T2Spectra.
In this embodiment, the corrected spin echo train may be inverted to obtain T by referring to the prior art2Spectra, which are not described in detail herein.
According to the embodiment, each motion state of the MWD nuclear magnetic resonance logging instrument in the stratum during actual logging is simulated by using the MWD nuclear magnetic resonance vibration and rotation simulation device, and the spin echo string correction curve for correcting the spin echo string output by the MWD nuclear magnetic resonance logging instrument during actual logging is obtained through the spin echo string in the static state and the spin echo string in each motion state of the MWD nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument, so that the influence of the complex motion state of the MWD nuclear magnetic resonance logging instrument during actual logging on the measured spin echo string is reduced in the corrected spin echo string.
In some embodiments, the motion state of the while-drilling nmr simulation tool 1 includes the motion direction and the motion speed. The motion states are considered to be different when the motion directions are the same and the motion speeds are different. Similarly, if the moving speed is the same and the moving direction is different, the moving state is considered to be different.
In some embodiments, there are N moving directions, and each moving direction corresponds to at least one moving speed, where N is an integer greater than 0.
In some embodiments, the direction of motion in the motion state comprises: m motion directions in the N motion directions are integers which are more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N. For example: only one moving direction is selected from the N moving directions at a time, or any two moving directions in the N moving directions are simultaneously made at a time, …, or the N moving directions in the N moving directions are simultaneously made at a time.
In some embodiments, N equals 3, 3 of said directions of movement include lateral movement, axial movement, longitudinal movement.
When N is equal to 3, when the simulator is used to simulate the nuclear magnetic resonance logging while drilling to obtain the spin echo string of the simulated formation, the moving direction of the nuclear magnetic resonance simulating logging while drilling apparatus 1 can be divided into three conditions:
the first condition is unidirectional movement, including transverse movement, axial movement and longitudinal movement;
the second situation is the combination of any two movement directions, including simultaneous transverse movement and axial movement, simultaneous transverse movement and longitudinal movement, and simultaneous axial movement and longitudinal movement;
the third case is simultaneous lateral, axial and longitudinal movement.
The motion speed in the motion state includes: any one of the moving speeds corresponding to each of the M moving directions. For example: if the motion state only has one motion direction, different motion states correspond to different motion speeds in the corresponding motion direction; if the motion state includes two or more motion directions, different motion states correspond to different motion speeds in any one motion direction.
When N is equal to 3, the moving speed in the moving state can be discussed in three cases corresponding to the three cases of the moving direction of the logging while drilling nmr simulation tool 1:
when the moving direction of the MWD NMR simulation logging tool 1 is the first condition and the tool moves in any one moving direction, the moving speed in the moving direction is changed, so that different moving speeds in the moving direction correspond to one moving state. Wherein, the movement speed is kept unchanged in the process of one movement. For example, when the mri while drilling tool 1 moves laterally, the mri while drilling tool 1 is moved laterally at the speeds V1, V2, …, and Vk, respectively, and k motion states that only move laterally but have different motion speeds can be obtained.
When the moving direction of the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument 1 is the second condition, the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument simultaneously moves in two moving directions, and the moving speeds V1, V2, … and Vp in the moving direction 1 are set to move respectively, so that the moving speeds are p in total; if the moving direction 2 is set to move at the moving speeds V1, V2, … and Vq, the moving speeds are q in total. When the nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument while drilling 1 moves in a simulated borehole, firstly, the movement speed in the movement direction 1 is fixed to be V1, and the movement speed in the movement direction 2 is changed to make the movement speeds in the movement direction 2 be V1, V2, … and Vq respectively. Then, the moving speed in the moving direction 1 is fixed to be V2, and the moving speed in the moving direction 2 is changed to be V1, V2, … and Vq, respectively. Until the moving speed in the moving direction 1 is fixed to be Vp, the moving speed in the moving direction 2 is changed to make the moving speeds in the moving direction 2 be V1, V2, … and Vq respectively. That is, if there are p motion speeds in the motion direction 1 and q motion speeds in the motion direction 2, there are (p × q) motion speeds in total, and (p × q) motion states are associated with the motion speeds.
When the moving direction of the logging unit 1 is the third condition, the moving speeds in any two directions are fixed at the same time, and the moving speed in the third moving direction is changed, so that the moving states corresponding to different moving speeds in the third moving direction are obtained until the moving states corresponding to different moving speeds in each moving direction are obtained, namely if there are p moving speeds in the moving direction 1, q moving speeds in the moving direction 2 and r moving speeds in the moving direction 3, there are a total of (p x q r) moving speeds and a corresponding (p x q r) moving state.
It should be noted here that the movement speeds set for the transverse movement, the axial movement and the longitudinal movement are selected between the minimum movement speed and the maximum movement speed allowed in each direction. The selected rule is not limited in the present application, for example, the difference between any two adjacent speeds in the same moving direction is the same, and the set moving speed can be changed by changing the magnitude of the difference between any two adjacent speeds.
In some embodiments, the movement device 3 comprises: transverse movement means 31, axial movement means 32, longitudinal movement means 33, connecting rod 34.
The connecting rod 34 is used for connecting the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument 1 with the transverse movement device 31, the axial movement device 32 and the longitudinal movement device 33. Specifically, one end of the connecting rod 34 is connected to the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument 1, and the connecting mode may be, for example, a clamping mode or a welding mode, and the application does not limit the connecting mode between the connecting rod 34 and the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument 1.
And the transverse movement device 31 is used for driving the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument 1 to perform transverse movement through the connecting rod 34. Specifically, the connecting rod 34 passes through the central position of the transverse movement device 31 and is connected with the transverse movement device 31, so that when the transverse movement device 31 makes transverse movement, the connecting rod 34 makes transverse movement at the same time, thereby driving the logging while drilling nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument 1 to perform transverse movement.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the lateral movement device 31 according to an embodiment of the present invention. In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, the lateral movement device 31 includes: a horizontal carrier plate 311 and a moving vehicle 312.
The horizontal bearing plate is provided with a sliding rail, the moving vehicle is connected with the connecting rod, and the moving vehicle drives the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument to execute transverse movement when sliding along the sliding rail.
Specifically, the horizontal bearing plate 311 is located at the top of the stratigraphic simulation device 2, and the horizontal bearing plate 311 is provided with a slide rail 313. The horizontal bearing plate 311 and the slide rail 313 are made of nonmagnetic materials. The horizontal bearing plate 311 is formed by combining two flat plates, and a gap exists between the two flat plates for the connecting rod 34 to move transversely between the two flat plates along with the moving vehicle 312. Meanwhile, the connection rod 34 passes through the center position of the horizontal carrier plate 311.
The moving vehicle 312 moves on the horizontal bearing plate 311 along the sliding rail 313 and is used for simulating the transverse movement state of the nuclear magnetic resonance logging while drilling during actual logging. Specifically, the connecting rod 34 passes through the moving trolley 312 and is connected with the moving trolley 312, wherein the contact part of the connecting rod 34 and the moving trolley 312 is fixed by a bearing, so that the axial movement of the connecting rod 34 is not affected when the moving trolley 312 moves transversely. When the moving trolley 312 moves transversely according to the set speed, the MWD NMR simulation logging instrument 1 can be driven by the connecting rod 34 to move transversely according to the set speed. Wherein, the wheel part of the moving vehicle 312 is provided with a locking device, so that the moving vehicle 312 can be locked and stably stopped after moving to a specified position. Also, the moving vehicle 312 is made of a non-magnetic material.
And the axial movement device 32 is used for driving the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument 1 to perform axial movement through the connecting rod 34. Specifically, the axial moving device 32 and the connecting rod 34 may be connected in a manner that, referring to fig. 1, the axial moving device 32 is fixedly mounted on the connecting rod 34. Thus, when the axial movement device 32 moves axially, the connecting rod 34 moves axially at the same time, so as to drive the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument 1 to perform axial movement in the simulated borehole.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an axial motion device 32 according to an embodiment of the present invention. In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 3, the axial movement device 32 includes: a motor device 321.
Specifically, the motor device 321 is fixed on the connecting rod 34, and when the motor device 321 performs axial movement according to a set rotation speed, the connection effect of the connecting rod 34 drives the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument 1 to perform axial movement in the simulated borehole at the same rotation speed as the motor device 321. The rotating speed of the motor device 321 can be adjusted, and the axial movement speed of the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument 1 can be controlled by adjusting the rotating speed of the motor device 321.
And the longitudinal movement device 33 is used for driving the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument 1 to perform longitudinal movement through the connecting rod 34. Specifically, the connecting rod 34 is connected with the longitudinal movement device 33, and the longitudinal movement device 33 controls the connecting rod 34 to drive the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument 1 to execute longitudinal movement.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the longitudinal movement device 33 according to an embodiment of the present invention. In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 4, the longitudinal movement device 33 includes: a first pulley 331, a second pulley 332, and a connecting rope 333. The connection rope 333 is connected to the connection rod 34, and also connects the first pulley 31 and the second pulley 332.
Specifically, a first end of the connection rope 333 is vertically connected to the connection bar 34, and then, the connection rope 333 is wound around the first pulley 331 such that a second end of the connection rope 333 is connected to the second pulley 332. Referring to fig. 4, when the second pulley 332 is rotated clockwise by the force applied to the connection rope 333, the first end of the connection rope 333 pulls the connection rod 34 to move vertically upward, so as to drive the logging while drilling nmr simulation logging tool 1 to perform an upward longitudinal movement: when the connecting rope 333 is forced to rotate the second pulley 332 counterclockwise, the first end of the connecting rope 333 pulls the connecting rod 34 to move vertically downward, so as to drive the logging while drilling nmr simulation logging instrument 1 to perform downward longitudinal movement. The longitudinal speed of the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging tool 1 is controlled by controlling the rate of extension or release of the second end of the connecting string 333.
Through the simulation device, the movement device 3 can drive the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument 1 to simulate various complex movement states of the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance logging instrument when actual logging is performed in a simulated borehole of the stratum simulation device 2, and spin echo strings of the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument in different movement states and in a static state are collected. Spin echo string calibration curves in different motion states can be obtained through spin echo strings in different motion states and in a static state, and the spin echo string calibration curves are used for calibrating the spin echo strings obtained in actual logging. T obtained by inversion of corrected spin echo string2The spectra can reflect more realistic formation characteristics, thereby providing more accurate downhole information to logging personnel.
By utilizing the simulation device, the invention provides a method for simulating the vibration and rotation of the nuclear magnetic resonance while drilling. FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a first method for simulating vibration and rotation of nuclear magnetic resonance while drilling according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 5, the method comprises the steps of:
s501, carrying out logging operation on the simulated stratum in the stratum simulation device by the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument in a static state, and outputting a spin echo string obtained in the static state.
S502, the moving device drives the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument to move, so that the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument is in at least one motion state respectively.
S503, the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument performs logging operation on the simulated stratum in the stratum simulation device, and outputs the obtained spin echo string in the corresponding motion state when the simulated stratum is in different motion states.
In this embodiment, the moving state of the logging-while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument during actual logging is simulated by the logging-while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument, and the spin echo strings of the logging-while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument in the static state and in each moving state can be obtained, so that the spin echo string correction curve in each moving state can be obtained by the spin echo strings of the logging-while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument in the static state and in each moving state, and the spin echo strings of the actual formation measured during actual logging can be corrected by using the correction curve.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A simulation device for nuclear magnetic resonance vibration and rotation while drilling is characterized by comprising: the device comprises a nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging-while-drilling instrument, a stratum simulation device and a movement device;
a simulated stratum is arranged in the stratum simulation device;
the nuclear magnetic resonance while drilling simulation logging instrument is used for outputting a spin echo string;
the moving device is connected with the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument and is used for driving the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument to move so that the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument is in at least one motion state;
the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument is placed in the stratum simulation device and used for logging a simulated stratum in the stratum simulation device, outputting a spin echo string obtained in a static state when the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument is static, and outputting a spin echo string obtained in a corresponding motion state when the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument is in different motion states;
the self-rotation echo string calibration method comprises the following steps of obtaining a self-rotation echo string in at least one motion state and a self-rotation echo string in a static state respectively, wherein the self-rotation echo string obtained in at least one motion state and the self-rotation echo string obtained in a static state are used for obtaining a self-rotation echo string calibration curve in at least one motion state; and the spin echo string correction curve in at least one motion state is used for correcting a spin echo string obtained in the process of logging the actual stratum by the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance logging instrument.
2. The simulation apparatus of claim 1, wherein the motion state comprises: direction of motion and speed of motion.
3. The simulation apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the moving directions are N, each moving direction corresponds to at least one moving speed, and N is an integer greater than 0;
the direction of motion in the motion state comprises: m motion directions in the N motion directions, wherein M is an integer which is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N;
the motion speed in the motion state includes: any one of the moving speeds corresponding to each of the M moving directions.
4. The simulation apparatus of claim 3, wherein N is equal to 3, and wherein 3 of the directions of motion comprise lateral motion, axial motion, and longitudinal motion.
5. The simulation apparatus of claim 4, wherein the motion apparatus comprises: the device comprises a transverse movement device, an axial movement device, a longitudinal movement device and a connecting rod;
the connecting rod is used for connecting the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument with the transverse movement device, the axial movement device and the longitudinal movement device;
the transverse movement device is used for driving the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument to perform transverse movement through the connecting rod;
the axial movement device is used for driving the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument to perform axial movement through the connecting rod;
and the longitudinal movement device is used for driving the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument to execute longitudinal movement through the connecting rod.
6. The simulation apparatus of claim 5, wherein the lateral motion device comprises: a horizontal carrier plate and a moving vehicle;
the horizontal bearing plate is provided with a sliding rail, the moving vehicle is connected with the connecting rod, and the moving vehicle drives the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument to perform transverse movement when sliding along the sliding rail.
7. The simulation apparatus of claim 5, wherein the axial motion device comprises: a motor device;
the motor device is connected with the connecting rod, and when the motor device rotates, the drilling-following nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument is driven to perform axial movement.
8. The simulation apparatus of claim 5, wherein the longitudinal movement means comprises: the connecting rope is connected with the connecting rod and also connected with the two pulleys;
and when the connecting rope is stressed, the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument is driven to execute longitudinal movement.
9. The simulation device of claim 1, wherein the simulated formation has petrophysical properties of a corresponding layer of rock of a downhole formation.
10. A method for simulating nmr vibration and rotation while drilling using the apparatus for simulating nmr vibration and rotation while drilling according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising:
the nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging while drilling instrument performs logging operation on a simulated stratum in the stratum simulation device in a static state and outputs a spin echo string obtained in the static state;
the moving device drives the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument to move so that the while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance simulation logging instrument is in at least one motion state respectively;
and the nuclear magnetic resonance while drilling simulation logging instrument performs logging operation on the simulated stratum in the stratum simulation device and outputs the obtained spin echo string in the corresponding motion state when the simulated stratum is in different motion states.
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| CN102565865A (en) * | 2011-12-07 | 2012-07-11 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Method and device for obtaining noise-reducing NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) logging echo signal |
| CN106066492A (en) * | 2016-06-06 | 2016-11-02 | 中国石油大学(华东) | A kind of bearing calibration of nuclear magnetic resonance log porosity echo sounding impact |
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| CN102565865A (en) * | 2011-12-07 | 2012-07-11 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Method and device for obtaining noise-reducing NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) logging echo signal |
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