CN115354199A - 3D printing high-strength Al-Mg-Mn-Sc-Zr alloy powder and forming method thereof - Google Patents
3D printing high-strength Al-Mg-Mn-Sc-Zr alloy powder and forming method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115354199A CN115354199A CN202210782932.0A CN202210782932A CN115354199A CN 115354199 A CN115354199 A CN 115354199A CN 202210782932 A CN202210782932 A CN 202210782932A CN 115354199 A CN115354199 A CN 115354199A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/36—Process control of energy beam parameters
- B22F10/366—Scanning parameters, e.g. hatch distance or scanning strategy
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/37—Process control of powder bed aspects, e.g. density
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of alloy powder, in particular to 3D printing high-strength Al-Mg-Mn-Sc-Zr alloy powder and a forming method thereof, wherein the alloy powder comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 2-6% of Mg, 0-1% of Mn, 0.3-0.8% of Sc0.3-0.8% of Zr0.3-0.8% of the balance of Al, and the specific steps are as follows: s1, preparing Al-Mg-Mn-Sc-Zr alloy powder; s2, testing the physical properties of the powder; s3, preparing an alloy sample; the novel additive manufacturing high-strength aluminum alloy metal powder is prepared by adopting a selective laser melting technology, the thickness of a powder layer is 0.01-0.08mm in the forming process, the scanning power of laser is 270-380W, the scanning speed is 800-1600 mm/s, the scanning interval is 0.08-0.13mm, and an additive manufacturing alloy sample prepared by the forming process is compact in inside, free of pores, few in forming defects and high in comprehensive mechanical property.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of alloy powder, in particular to 3D printing high-strength Al-Mg-Mn-Sc-Zr alloy powder and a forming method thereof.
Background
With the continuous improvement of the requirements of modern manufacturing industry on the performance of products, the complication and integration of the structure and the function of the products become the development trend in the future. The limitation of processing and preparing complex metal parts by applying the traditional technology is increasingly prominent, and the processing cost is greatly improved. The Selective Laser Melting (SLM) technology is one of laser additive manufacturing technologies, can produce complex metal parts with good compactness and high precision, and has a simple processing technology after the parts are formed, so that the production period can be greatly shortened. Al-Mg aluminum alloys have good work hardenability, excellent corrosion resistance and excellent weldability, and are therefore widely used in the fields of automobiles, ships, buildings, aerospace and the like. The process for improving the performance of the alloy by adding Sc into the Al-Mg alloy has a great application prospect and becomes an international research hotspot. The Al-Mg-Sc series aluminum alloy belongs to high-strength aluminum alloy and is mainly used for the wing web of an airplane, beams and ribs of a fuselage structure and the joint zero of an important connecting part. However, the preparation of the aluminum alloy still has the problems of low laser absorption rate, high thermal conductivity, easy oxidation and the like at present and is difficult to overcome.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides 3D printing high-strength Al-Mg-Mn-Sc-Zr alloy powder and a forming method thereof.
The 3D printing high-strength Al-Mg-Mn-Sc-Zr alloy powder comprises the following components in percentage by weight: mg2-6%, mn0-1%, sc0.3-0.8%, zr0.3-0.8%, and the balance of Al.
A forming method for 3D printing of high-strength Al-Mg-Mn-Sc-Zr alloy powder comprises the following specific steps:
s1, preparing Al-Mg-Mn-Sc-Zr alloy powder:
a. preparing Al-Mg-Mn-Sc-Zr alloy powder by adopting a gas atomization method, and testing the chemical components of the metal powder by using an inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer (ICP-AES);
b. the chemical components of the Al-Mg-Mn-Sc-Zr alloy powder used in the experiment are Mg:4.8%, sc:0.7%, mn:0.5%, zr:0.3 percent of the total weight of the alloy, trace Fe, zn, cu, ti and V elements and the balance of Al;
c. in the experiment, a laser particle size analyzer, namely Master sizer3000E is used for measuring the particle size of the powder, the particle size is mainly distributed between 20 and 75 mu m, and the sphericity is 0.858;
s2, testing the physical properties of the powder:
a. testing physical properties such as powder repose angle, collapse angle, apparent density and fluidity index by using an intelligent powder property tester, namely BT 1001;
b. the resulting powder had an angle of repose of 34.01 °, a collapse angle of 15.27 °, a difference angle of 18.74 °, a plate angle of 31.55 °, and a bulk density of 1.28g/cm 3 The tap density is 1.69g/cm 3 ；
c. The free fall time of 50g of the powder was 72.44s, the oxygen content was 744ppm and the nitrogen content was 25ppm as measured by a Hall flow meter;
s3, preparing an alloy sample:
a. preparing an alloy sample by adopting a selective laser melting technology, wherein the thickness of a deposited powder layer is 0.03mm, the scanning interval is fixed to be 0.12mm, the phase angle is 67 degrees, the laser power is 310W, and the laser scanning speed is 1200mm/s;
b. preparing an alloy sample by adopting a selective laser melting technology, wherein the thickness of a deposited powder layer is 0.05mm, the scanning interval is fixed to be 0.11mm, the phase angle is 67 degrees, the laser power is 270W, and the laser scanning speed is 800mm/s;
c. the alloy sample is prepared by adopting a selective laser melting technology, the thickness of a deposited powder layer is 0.08mm, the scanning interval is fixed to be 0.11mm, the phase angle is 67 degrees, the laser power is 380W, and the laser scanning speed is 1600mm/s.
The distribution characteristics Dv (10), dv (50), and Dv (90) in step S1 c were 28.5 μm, 45.9 μm, and 72 μm, respectively.
The chemical composition of the Al-Mg-Mn-Sc-Zr alloy powder used in the experiment in the step S3 b is Mg:2.2%, sc:0.2%, mn:0.7%, zr:0.40 percent and the balance of Al.
In the chemical compositions of the Al-Mg-Mn-Sc-Zr alloy powder used in the experiment in the step S3 c, the ratio of Mg:5%, sc:0.5%, mn:0.3%, zr:0.80 percent and the balance of Al.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the novel additive manufacturing high-strength aluminum alloy metal powder is prepared by adopting a selective laser melting technology, the thickness of a powder layer is 0.01-0.08mm in the forming process, the scanning power of laser is 270-380W, the scanning speed is 800-1600 mm/s, and the scanning interval is 0.08-0.13 mm.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a first schematic structural diagram of a metal powder prepared by a gas atomization method according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a second metal powder prepared by a gas atomization method according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a particle size distribution diagram of the Al-Mg-Mn-Sc-Zr alloy powder prepared by the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a OM diagram I of the directional molten pool morphology of the Al-Mg-Mn-Sc-Zr alloy prepared by the present invention under different laser powers;
FIG. 5 is an OM diagram of the oriented melt pool morphology of the Al-Mg-Mn-Sc-Zr alloy prepared by the present invention under different laser powers;
FIG. 6 is a OM diagram of the shape of an oriented molten pool of the Al-Mg-Mn-Sc-Zr alloy prepared by the invention under different laser powers;
FIG. 7 is an OM diagram of the shape of an oriented molten pool of the Al-Mg-Mn-Sc-Zr alloy prepared by the invention under different laser powers.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further explained below.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, a 3D printed high-strength Al-Mg-Mn-Sc-Zr alloy powder comprises, by weight: 2-6% of Mg, 0-1% of Mn, 0.3-0.8% of Sc0.3-0.8% of Zr0.3-0.8% of Zr, and the balance of Al.
A forming method for 3D printing high-strength Al-Mg-Mn-Sc-Zr alloy powder comprises the following specific steps:
s1, preparing Al-Mg-Mn-Sc-Zr alloy powder:
a. as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, al-Mg-Mn-Sc-Zr alloy powder was prepared by gas atomization, and the chemical composition of the metal powder was tested by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES);
b. the chemical components of the Al-Mg-Mn-Sc-Zr alloy powder used in the experiment are Mg:4.8%, sc:0.7%, mn:0.5%, zr:0.3 percent of the total weight of the alloy, trace elements of Fe, zn, cu, ti and V, and the balance of Al;
c. as shown in FIG. 3, in the experiment, the particle size of the powder is measured by using a laser particle size analyzer, namely Master sizer3000E, the particle size is mainly distributed between 20 and 75 mu m, and the sphericity is 0.858;
s2, testing the physical properties of the powder:
a. testing physical properties such as powder repose angle, collapse angle, apparent density and fluidity index by using an intelligent powder property tester, namely BT 1001;
b. the resulting powder had an angle of repose of 34.01 °, a collapse angle of 15.27 °, a differential angle of 18.74 °, a plate angle of 31.55 °, a bulk density of 1.28g/cm 3 The tap density is 1.69g/cm 3 ；
c. The free fall time of 50g of the powder was 72.44s, the oxygen content was 744ppm and the nitrogen content was 25ppm as measured by a Hall flow meter;
s3, preparing an alloy sample:
a. preparing an alloy sample by adopting a selective laser melting technology, wherein the thickness of a deposited powder layer is 0.03mm, the scanning interval is fixed to be 0.12mm, the phase angle is 67 degrees, the laser power is 310W, and the laser scanning speed is 1200mm/s;
b. preparing an alloy sample by adopting a selective laser melting technology, wherein the thickness of a deposited powder layer is 0.05mm, the scanning interval is fixed to be 0.11mm, the phase angle is 67 degrees, the laser power is 270W, and the laser scanning speed is 800mm/s;
c. the alloy sample is prepared by adopting a selective laser melting technology, the thickness of a deposited powder layer is 0.08mm, the scanning interval is fixed to be 0.11mm, the phase angle is 67 degrees, the laser power is 380W, and the laser scanning speed is 1600mm/s.
The novel additive manufacturing high-strength aluminum alloy metal powder is prepared by adopting a selective laser melting technology, the thickness of a powder layer in the forming process is 0.01-0.08mm, the scanning power of laser is 270-380W, the scanning speed is 800-1600 mm/s, and the scanning distance is 0.08-0.13 mm.
The distribution characteristics Dv (10), dv (50) and Dv (90) in step S1 c are 28.5 μm, 45.9 μm and 72 μm, respectively.
Wherein Dv (10), dv (50) and Dv (90) are expressed as the average particle size of Dv at 10%, 50% and 90% of the powder, respectively.
Compared with the mechanical property of the cast Al-Mg-Sc-Zr alloy, the mechanical property of the Al-Mg-Mn-Sc-Zr alloy has higher strength and lower elongation, and the technological parameter window selected by the invention has little influence on the mechanical property of the Al-Mg-Mn-Sc-Zr alloy prepared by SLM; under different laser powers and scanning speeds, the tensile strength of an alloy sample prepared by the SLM in the scanning direction is higher than 400MPa, the range is 401-405 MPa, and the elongation is 18-21%; when the laser power is 350W, the tensile strength, the yield strength and the elongation of the Al-Mg-Mn-Sc-Zr alloy prepared by the SLM reach 405MPa, 332MPa and 21.3 percent respectively.
As shown in FIGS. 4 to 7, the microstructure characteristic change law of the Al-Mg-Mn-Sc-Zr alloy manufactured by SLM was observed by metallographic microscope. The molten pool after SLM process presents a layer-by-layer overlapped microstructure along the forming direction, such as molten pool boundary, namely black line, and forms firm metallurgical bonding in the 'fish scale'. The results show that the laser power has a great influence on the Al-Mg-Mn-Sc-Zr alloy molten pool shape manufactured by SLM. The size of the molten pool is in a certain rule from left to right, the input heat of the molten pool is increased along with the increase of the laser power, and the height and the depth of the molten pool are increased along with the increase of the size of the molten pool.
In the chemical compositions of the Al-Mg-Mn-Sc-Zr alloy powder used in the experiment in the step S3 b, the ratio of Mg:2.2%, sc:0.2%, mn:0.7%, zr:0.40 percent, and the balance of Al.
The chemical composition of the Al-Mg-Mn-Sc-Zr alloy powder used in the experiment in the step S3 c is Mg:5%, sc:0.5%, mn:0.3%, zr:0.80 percent, and the balance of Al.
The following table lists specific data of yield strength, namely sigma 0.2, ultimate tensile strength, namely sigma UTS, elongation and variance of mechanical properties of Al-Mg-Mn-Sc-Zr alloy prepared by SLM under different laser powers, and no obvious variation trend exists.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, principal features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (8)
1. The 3D printing high-strength Al-Mg-Mn-Sc-Zr alloy powder is characterized in that: comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 2-6% of Mg, 0-1% of Mn, 0.3-0.8% of Sc0.3-0.8% of Zr0.3-0.8% of Zr, and the balance of Al.
2. The forming method for 3D printing of the high-strength Al-Mg-Mn-Sc-Zr alloy powder according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the method comprises the following specific steps:
s1, preparing Al-Mg-Mn-Sc-Zr alloy powder:
a. preparing Al-Mg-Mn-Sc-Zr alloy powder by adopting a gas atomization method, and testing the chemical components of the metal powder by using an inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer (ICP-AES);
b. the chemical components of the Al-Mg-Mn-Sc-Zr alloy powder used in the experiment are Mg:4.8%, sc:0.7%, mn:0.5%, zr:0.3 percent of the total weight of the alloy, trace Fe, zn, cu, ti and V elements and the balance of Al;
c. in the experiment, a laser particle size analyzer (Mastersizer 3000E) is used for measuring the particle size of the powder, the particle size is mainly distributed between 20 and 75 mu m, and the sphericity is 0.858;
s2, testing the physical properties of the powder:
a. testing physical properties such as powder repose angle, collapse angle, apparent density and fluidity index by using an intelligent powder property tester, namely BT 1001;
b. the resulting powder had an angle of repose of 34.01 °, a collapse angle of 15.27 °, a difference angle of 18.74 °, a plate angle of 31.55 °, and a bulk density of 1.28g/cm 3 Tap density of 1.69g/cm 3 ；
c. The free fall time of 50g of the powder was 72.44s, the oxygen content was 744ppm and the nitrogen content was 25ppm as measured by a Hall flow meter;
and S3, preparing an alloy sample.
3. The method of forming a 3D printed high strength Al-Mg-Mn-Sc-Zr alloy powder according to claim 2, wherein: the distribution characteristics Dv (10), dv (50) and Dv (90) in step S1 c are 28.5 μm, 45.9 μm and 72 μm, respectively.
4. The method for forming the 3D printed high-strength Al-Mg-Mn-Sc-Zr alloy powder according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the step S3 comprises the following steps: a. the alloy sample is prepared by adopting a selective laser melting technology, the thickness of a deposited powder layer is 0.03mm, the scanning interval is fixed to be 0.12mm, the phase angle is 67 degrees, the laser power is 310W, and the laser scanning speed is 1200mm/s.
5. The method of forming a 3D printed high strength Al-Mg-Mn-Sc-Zr alloy powder according to claim 2, wherein: the step S3 comprises the following steps: b. the alloy sample is prepared by adopting a selective laser melting technology, the thickness of a deposited powder layer is 0.05mm, the scanning interval is fixed to be 0.11mm, the phase angle is 67 degrees, the laser power is 270W, and the laser scanning speed is 800mm/s.
6. The method for forming the 3D printed high-strength Al-Mg-Mn-Sc-Zr alloy powder according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the chemical compositions of the Al-Mg-Mn-Sc-Zr alloy powder used in the experiment in the step S3 b, the ratio of Mg:2.2%, sc:0.2%, mn:0.7%, zr:0.40 percent, and the balance of Al.
7. The method of forming a 3D printed high strength Al-Mg-Mn-Sc-Zr alloy powder according to claim 2, wherein: the step S3 comprises the following steps: c. the alloy sample is prepared by adopting a selective laser melting technology, the thickness of a deposited powder layer is 0.08mm, the scanning interval is fixed to be 0.11mm, the phase angle is 67 degrees, the laser power is 380W, and the laser scanning speed is 1600mm/s.
8. The method of forming a 3D printed high strength Al-Mg-Mn-Sc-Zr alloy powder according to claim 7, wherein: in the chemical compositions of the Al-Mg-Mn-Sc-Zr alloy powder used in the experiment in the step S3 c, the ratio of Mg:5%, sc:0.5%, mn:0.3%, zr:0.80 percent, and the balance of Al.
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| CN117206544A (en) * | 2023-11-09 | 2023-12-12 | 四川工程职业技术学院 | Laser selective melting forming method for Zn-Cu-Mn-Mg alloy porous structure |
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| CN116254443A (en) * | 2023-05-10 | 2023-06-13 | 钢研昊普科技有限公司 | Aluminum alloy powder and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN117206544A (en) * | 2023-11-09 | 2023-12-12 | 四川工程职业技术学院 | Laser selective melting forming method for Zn-Cu-Mn-Mg alloy porous structure |
| CN117206544B (en) * | 2023-11-09 | 2024-02-20 | 四川工程职业技术学院 | Laser selective melting forming method for Zn-Cu-Mn-Mg alloy porous structure |
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