CN115353997A - Complex microbial inoculant and application thereof in degrading nicosulfuron in soil - Google Patents

Complex microbial inoculant and application thereof in degrading nicosulfuron in soil Download PDF

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CN115353997A
CN115353997A CN202211042325.7A CN202211042325A CN115353997A CN 115353997 A CN115353997 A CN 115353997A CN 202211042325 A CN202211042325 A CN 202211042325A CN 115353997 A CN115353997 A CN 115353997A
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nicosulfuron
soil
microbial inoculum
bacillus subtilis
complex microbial
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CN115353997B (en
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郝佳丽
张建华
白文斌
曹昌林
贾峥嵘
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Sorghum Research Institute Of Shanxi Agricultural University
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    • A01N63/34—Aspergillus
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
    • A01P21/00—Plant growth regulators
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D3/00—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances
    • A62D3/02—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by biological methods, i.e. processes using enzymes or microorganisms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
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    • C12N1/14—Fungi; Culture media therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D2101/00—Harmful chemical substances made harmless, or less harmful, by effecting chemical change
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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of microorganisms, and particularly relates to a complex microbial inoculant and application thereof in degrading nicosulfuron in soil. The active ingredients of the composite microbial inoculum are Aspergillus terreus (Aspergillus terreus) with the preservation number of CGMCC No.23231, aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger) with the preservation number of CGMCC No.8438 and Bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) with the preservation number of CGMCC No. 8437. The composite microbial inoculum has good cooperativity among strains, has high-efficiency nicosulfuron degrading capability, and enhances the adaptability to the environment.

Description

Complex microbial inoculant and application thereof in degrading nicosulfuron in soil
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of microorganisms, and particularly relates to a composite microbial inoculum and application thereof in degrading nicosulfuron in soil.
Background
Nicosulfuron is a systemic herbicide of sulfonylureas that was discovered by japan stone industries, ltd, and developed in association with dupont, usa at the end of the 20 th century 80. Can prevent and kill annual and perennial grassy weeds and partial broad-leaved weeds.
Nicosulfuron is mainly used for preventing and controlling weeds in corn fields and is the chemical herbicide with the largest use amount at present. The nicosulfuron is easy to move in soil, pollutes soil and underground water, can cause sensitive plant phytotoxicity of later crops, and influences ecological environment and human health, so that the removal of the residual nicosulfuron in soil and water is of great significance.
At present, researches on nicosulfuron degradation by microorganisms have received extensive attention, and researchers have screened various microorganisms capable of degrading nicosulfuron. However, the single strain obtained by screening at present has many limitations in the aspect of degrading nicosulfuron, including poor environmental adaptability of the single strain, incomplete degradation of pesticides and the like. Domesticating and screening the bacterial line capable of degrading nicosulfuron is a feasible direction for biologically degrading nicosulfuron.
When pollutants are degraded, different microorganisms can have synergistic action, so that the degradation effect of the mixed bacteria is better than that of single bacteria, and the degradation time is shorter. The development of a complex microbial inoculum which has reasonable compatibility and can efficiently degrade nicosulfuron is a technical problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a complex microbial inoculum and application thereof in degrading nicosulfuron in soil.
The invention provides a complex microbial inoculum for degrading nicosulfuron, which comprises the active ingredients of Aspergillus terreus (Aspergillus terreus) with the preservation number of CGMCC No.23231, aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger) with the preservation number of CGMCC No.8438 and Bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) with the preservation number of CGMCC No. 8437.
Further, the compound microbial inoculum is prepared by compounding the bacterial liquids of aspergillus terreus, aspergillus niger and bacillus subtilis, and the bacterial concentration of the compound microbial inoculum is 1 multiplied by 10 7 -1×10 9 CFU/ml, wherein the ratio of the number of the viable bacteria of the aspergillus terreus, the aspergillus niger and the bacillus subtilis is 2-3.
In a second aspect of the present invention, a preparation method of the complex microbial inoculum is provided, which comprises the following steps:
a1, inoculating the bacillus subtilis into an LB culture medium, fermenting and culturing for 1-2 days at the temperature of 25-30 ℃ and the speed of 125-150 r/min, respectively inoculating aspergillus niger and aspergillus terreus into a PDA culture medium, and culturing for 2-4 days at the temperature of 28-32 ℃ and the speed of 150-160 r/min;
and a2, after the culture is finished, mixing the three bacteria solutions according to the proportion, and then adjusting the concentration by using distilled water.
In a third aspect of the invention, the application of the complex microbial inoculum in degrading nicosulfuron in soil is provided.
In a fourth aspect of the invention, the composite microbial inoculum is applied to promoting the growth of crops.
Further, the crop is grown on the soil with the residual nicosulfuron.
Furthermore, the content of the nicosulfuron in the soil is 0.025-0.1mg/kg
Still further, the crop is sorghum.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the composite bacterial system comprises bacillus subtilis, aspergillus niger and aspergillus terreus, and the bacillus subtilis, the aspergillus niger and the aspergillus terreus have the function of degrading nicosulfuron respectively, and the synergy among strains is good; the sorghum is taken as an indicator plant, the sensitive part of the sorghum to the nicosulfuron is mainly measured as the overground part, the sorghum height is taken as a main measurement index, and the IC25, IC50 and IC75 values of the nicosulfuron to the sorghum height are respectively measured as 0.025mg/kg,0.05mg/kg and 0.1mg/kg dry soil. After the composite microbial inoculum is treated, the inhibition effect of the nicosulfuron on the sorghum plant height is obviously reduced, and the applicant finds that the composite microbial inoculum can reduce the inhibition rate of the nicosulfuron on the sorghum to a negative value when the concentration of the nicosulfuron in the soil is 0.025mg/k, which indicates that the composite microbial inoculum has the growth promotion effect on the sorghum. Obviously, the complex microbial inoculum has the capability of efficiently degrading nicosulfuron, and enhances the adaptability to the environment.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific examples, but the invention should not be construed as being limited thereto. The technical means used in the following examples are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art, and materials, reagents and the like used in the following examples can be commercially available unless otherwise specified.
The test strain aspergillus terreus was isolated and deposited by the applicant, the name of the strain: aspergillus terreus; latin name: aspergillus terreu; the strain number is as follows: DT1; the preservation organization: china general microbiological culture Collection center (CGMCC for short); address: the institute of microbiology, national academy of sciences No. 3, xilu No. 1, beijing, chaoyang, beijing; the preservation date is as follows: 15/09/2021; the preservation number is as follows: CGMCC No.23231.
Aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger) having a preservation number of CGMCC No.8438 and Bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) having a preservation number of CGMCC No.8437 were commercially available.
Example 1
A complex microbial inoculum for degrading nicosulfuron is prepared by the following steps:
a1, inoculating the bacillus subtilis into an LB culture medium, fermenting and culturing for 1 day under the conditions of 25 ℃ and 140r/min, respectively inoculating aspergillus niger and aspergillus terreus into a PDA culture medium, and culturing for 3 days at 30 ℃ and 150 r/min;
a2, after the culture is finished, mixing the bacillus subtilis liquid, the aspergillus niger liquid and the aspergillus terreus liquid according to the ratio of viable bacteria number of 2 7 CFU/ml、1×10 8 CFU/ml and 1X 10 9 CFU/ml, and obtaining the complex microbial inoculum.
Example 2
A complex microbial inoculum for degrading nicosulfuron, which is prepared by the same method as in example 1, except that bacillus subtilis solution, aspergillus niger solution and aspergillus terreus solution are mixed according to the ratio of viable bacteria number of 2 7 CFU/ml、1×10 8 CFU/ml and 1X 10 9 CFU/ml, and obtaining the complex microbial inoculum.
Example 3
A complex microbial inoculum for degrading nicosulfuron, which is prepared by the same method as in example 1, except that bacillus subtilis solution, aspergillus niger solution and aspergillus terreus solution are mixed according to the ratio of viable bacteria number of 2 7 CFU/ml、1×10 8 CFU/ml and 1X 10 9 CFU/ml, and obtaining the complex microbial inoculum.
Comparative example 1
The preparation method of the composite microbial inoculum for degrading nicosulfuron is the same as that in example 1, except that no bacillus subtilis is added.
Comparative example 2
The preparation method of the complex microbial inoculum for degrading nicosulfuron is the same as that of the example 1, and is different from that of the example 1 in that aspergillus niger is not added.
Comparative example 3
The preparation method of the composite microbial inoculum for degrading nicosulfuron is the same as that in example 1, except that aspergillus terreus is not added.
Example 4: the compatibility of the composite microbial inoculum provided by the invention is used for testing the effect synergistically
1. Sensitivity determination of sorghum to nicosulfuron
The natural soil without pesticide is collected, dried and sieved (the aperture is 3 mm) to be used as the test soil of the test, and the test plant is sorghum. Sorghum was chosen as the indicator plant in the present invention.
The nicosulfuron raw medicine is diluted in distilled water (pH value is 7.0) in a gradient way, so that the contents of the nicosulfuron in the soil are respectively 0mg/kg, 0.0125mg/kg, 0.025mg/kg,0.05mg/kg, 0.1mg/kg and 0.2mg/kg. Planting test plants in small pots (7 cm in height, 7cm in caliber and 5.6cm in bottom diameter), collecting 180g of medicinal soil with different concentrations in each pot, sowing 10 pregermination seeds in each pot, covering each pot with 20g of medicinal soil with corresponding concentration, repeating each treatment for 3 times, culturing in a greenhouse at 25 deg.C for 14d (inhibition of nicosulfuron with different concentrations on sorghum can be observed), measuring root length, plant height and fresh weight, and determining IC of test sorghum 25 、IC 50 And IC 75 。
The test results show that: the sensitive part of the sorghum to the nicosulfuron is mainly the aerial part, the height of the sorghum is taken as a main measurement index, the IC50 value of the nicosulfuron to the sorghum is 0.052mg/kg, the correlation coefficient is 0.988, and finally the IC value of the nicosulfuron to the sorghum is determined 25 、IC 50 And IC 75 Values were 0.025mg/kg,0.05mg/kg and 0.1mg/kg dry soil, respectively.
2. Different microbial inoculum for relieving sorghum phytotoxicity
Diluting nicosulfuron as a reagent to be tested with water, and mixing with soil to make the concentration of nicosulfuron in soil be IC 25 、IC 50 And IC 75 Then, the complex microbial inoculum of the embodiments 1-3 and the comparative examples 1-3 is mixed into the soil, and the volume mass ratio of the complex microbial inoculum to the soil is 1ml:1g, stirring uniformly to keep the water content at 25%, standing for 7 days, and then sowing sorghum seeds.
Two blank controls are set in the test, namely a natural soil (recorded as CK 1) control without the nicosulfuron and the microbial inoculumAnd controls (denoted as CK 2) having nicosulfuron concentrations of 0.025mg/kg,0.05mg/kg and 0.1mg/kg and containing no microbial inoculum. When sorghum is planted, 180g of pesticide soil is taken from each flowerpot, then seeds after germination acceleration are uniformly sown on the soil surface, 10 seeds are sown in each pot, and finally 20g of soil is taken for covering. Each treatment is repeated for 3 times, the plants are cultured in a greenhouse at 25 ℃ for 45 days, then the plant heights are respectively measured, and the concentration of nicosulfuron in soil is calculated as IC 25 、IC 50 And IC 75 The different bacterial liquid dosages have the effect of relieving the sorghum phytotoxicity.
Inhibition (%) = (a-B)/B × 100%, where a is the plant height of CK1 and B is the plant height of the other group.
Table 2 nicosulfuron concentration in soil is IC 25 Relieving effect of different microbial inoculum on sorghum phytotoxicity
Figure BDA0003821344780000061
TABLE 3 nicosulfuron concentration in soil as IC 50 Relieving effect of different microbial inoculum on sorghum phytotoxicity
Figure BDA0003821344780000062
Figure BDA0003821344780000071
Table 4 nicosulfuron concentration in soil is IC 75 Relieving effect of different microbial inoculum on sorghum phytotoxicity
Figure BDA0003821344780000072
Test results show that the nicosulfuron can inhibit the growth of sorghum, and the inhibition effect is enhanced along with the increase of the concentration, the inhibition effect of the nicosulfuron on the sorghum plant height is obviously reduced by the treatment of the composite microbial inoculum of the embodiments 1 to 3, and the applicant finds that the composite microbial inoculum of the embodiments 1 to 3 can reduce the inhibition rate of the nicosulfuron on the sorghum to a negative value when the concentration of the nicosulfuron in soil is 0.025mg/kg, which indicates that the composite microbial inoculum of the invention has the growth-promoting effect on the sorghum.
It should be noted that when the following claims refer to numerical ranges, it should be understood that both ends of each numerical range and any numerical value between the two ends can be selected, and the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described for the purpose of avoiding redundancy.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including the preferred embodiment and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.

Claims (8)

1. The composite microbial inoculum for degrading nicosulfuron is characterized by comprising the active ingredients of Aspergillus terreus (Aspergillus terreus) with the preservation number of CGMCC No.23231, aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger) with the preservation number of CGMCC No.8438 and Bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) with the preservation number of CGMCC No. 8437.
2. The complex microbial inoculant according to claim 1, wherein the complex microbial inoculant is prepared by compounding bacterial solutions of aspergillus terreus, aspergillus niger and bacillus subtilis, and the bacterial concentration of the complex microbial inoculant is 1 x 10 7 -1×10 9 CFU/ml, wherein the ratio of the number of the viable bacteria of the aspergillus terreus, the aspergillus niger and the bacillus subtilis is 2-3.
3. The method for preparing the complex microbial inoculum of claim 2, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a1, inoculating the bacillus subtilis into an LB culture medium, fermenting and culturing for 1-2 days under the conditions of 25-30 ℃ and 125-150 r/min, respectively inoculating aspergillus niger and aspergillus terreus into a PDA culture medium, and culturing for 2-4 days at 28-32 ℃ and 150-160 r/min;
and a2, after the culture is finished, mixing the three bacteria solutions according to the proportion, and then adjusting the concentration by using distilled water.
4. The application of the complex microbial inoculum of claim 1 in degrading nicosulfuron in soil.
5. The use of the complex microbial inoculum of claim 1 in promoting the growth of crops.
6. Use according to claim 5, wherein the crop is grown on nicosulfuron-left soil.
7. The use according to claim 5, characterized in that the nicosulfuron content of the soil is between 0.025 and 0.1mg/kg.
8. Use according to claim 5, wherein the crop is sorghum.
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116083244A (en) * 2022-08-30 2023-05-09 山西农业大学高粱研究所 Aspergillus terreus DT1, microbial inoculum, and preparation method and application thereof

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