CN115342012B

CN115342012B - Ammonia fuel supply system for ocean engineering equipment and ship and control method

Info

Publication number: CN115342012B
Application number: CN202210841273.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙瑞; 王杨志; 刘建成; 赵立玉; 张家茂; 司徒颖峰; 刘鹤; 杨威; 黄朝俊; 钟良省
Original assignee: Yiu Lian Dockyards (shekou) Ltd; China Merchants Heavy Industry Shenzhen Co Ltd
Current assignee: Yiu Lian Dockyards (shekou) Ltd; China Merchants Heavy Industry Shenzhen Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-07-18
Filing date: 2022-07-18
Publication date: 2023-09-12
Anticipated expiration: 2042-07-18
Also published as: CN115342012A

Abstract

The application discloses an ammonia fuel supply system and a control method of marine engineering equipment and ships. In the application, the pressure control method of the buffer tank comprises the following steps: the buffer tank is provided with a valve capable of controlling the opening, a safety valve and a pressure sensor; the device is used for controlling the gas in the tank to be discharged to the ammonia capturing module, and has the functions of discharging and reducing pressure; the device is used for controlling nitrogen to enter the tank to be pressurized, and the pressure in the tank can be adjusted to be set point or set point by controlling the opening degree; in order to avoid the valve, the tank is frequently opened and closed to carry out pressurization and discharge treatment, the buffer tank is provided with three pressure settings which are respectively used for supplying the three states of normal operation, starting and stopping stages and emergency release of the system, the buffer tank is set to be high pressure to avoid vaporization of fuel in the tank when the system is in normal operation, is set to be low pressure to provide buffering, eliminating air resistance and emergency pressure reduction functions, and is emergently released to the ammonia capturing module when the pressure is highest, so that the overall safety of the system is improved.

Description

Ammonia fuel supply system for ocean engineering equipment and ship and control method

Technical Field

The application belongs to the technical field of ocean vessels green low-carbon new energy, and particularly relates to ocean engineering equipment, an ammonia fuel supply system of a vessel and a control method.

Background

On ocean engineering equipment and ships, LNG power is a mainstream trend at present, compared with traditional diesel power, the LNG power can reduce carbon emission by 20% -25% and nitrogen oxide emission by 20% -30%, ammonia fuel (NH 3) is adopted as power to burn and generate products of nitrogen (N2) and water (H2O), the carbon emission can be reduced by 100%, and the nitrogen oxide emission directly meets IMO Tier3 standard, so that the new energy of the ammonia fuel is considered as one of the zero-carbon fuels with the highest potential in the future, and meets the requirement of the international shipping world on medium and long-term trend of green low-carbon emission. The natural gas which is gasified by the carburetor enters the main engine cylinder to burn and do work, because the compressibility of the gas is generally not needed to be provided with a loop, on the existing ammonia fuel power engine, because the ammonia fuel is directly sprayed into the main engine cylinder to burn and do work in liquid state, a liquid return pipe and an overpressure overflow pipe are needed to be arranged for surplus fuel in consideration of easy overpressure due to incompressibility of the liquid, in addition, the ammonia fuel power engine needs to replace nitrogen in a pipeline by the ammonia fuel before starting, the ammonia fuel in the pipeline needs to be replaced by the nitrogen after stopping, the replaced gas-liquid mixture needs to be collected and treated, in addition, the ammonia fuel has great toxicity to human body and can form an explosion mixture with air after leakage, so that an ammonia capturing facility is needed to strictly control leakage and discharge, the fuel input pressure requirement given by the existing general engine is 70bar-85bar, the input temperature requirement is 25-45 ℃, the output pressure and the temperature value can be slightly increased, and the ammonia fuel can be reused after decompression and cooling are needed.

According to the characteristics of the ammonia fuel, the design mode of the pipeline system of the conventional LNG fuel cannot meet the requirement of the ammonia fuel, and the ammonia is used as a marine power fuel supply host machine by the ammonia fuel supply system and the control method, so that the problem of ammonia capture after the ammonia fuel is discharged is solved.

Disclosure of Invention

The application aims at: in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, an ammonia fuel supply system and a control method for marine engineering equipment and ships are provided.

The technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows: an ammonia fuel supply system and a control method for marine engineering equipment and ships, comprising a host 100, a fuel tank 101, a release tank 102, a capturing tank 103, a buffer tank 104, a collecting tank 105, a first booster pump 106, a second booster pump 107, a first heat exchanger 108, a second heat exchanger 109, a control panel 110, a silica gel adsorption device 111, control valves V1-V13, safety valves V21-V23, a liquid inlet valve group V31, a liquid return valve group V32, a pressure reducing valve V33, pipelines 201-210, nitrogen pipes 220-222, liquid level meters 230-235, a control signal line 240, temperature sensors 251-255, pressure sensors 261-267, an ammonia concentration detector 270, a filter 280, an ammonia capturing module 300 and a control panel 110, wherein the ammonia capturing module 300 comprises the following components: the device comprises a release tank 102, a capturing tank 103, a collecting tank 105, a silica gel adsorption device 111, control valves V11-12, a nitrogen pipe 222, liquid level meters 232-235, a control signal line 240 and an ammonia concentration detector 270;

the supply host lines 201-210 have three-stage pressurization and warming functions, and the return line has depressurization and cooling functions;

ammonia concentration detector 270 mounted on release tank 102 detects an ammonia concentration greater than 30ppm for fine mist spraying via control panel 110 in association with activation line 210,

the capture tank 103 has level gauges 230, 231, valve V13, line 210 therein.

In a preferred embodiment, the fuel tank 101 is of a semi-cold semi-pressure type, the pressure is P1, and the maximum temperature T0 is set correspondingly; the pressure after being boosted by the first booster pump 106 is P2; after passing through the filter 280 and the first heat exchanger 108, the pressure is P3 after a certain pressure drop, and the temperature is T1 after temperature rise; the pressure after being pressurized by the second booster pump 107 is P4; the temperature and the pressure meet the demands of a host computer at present; the fuel returns through the host 100 and is decompressed by the decompression valve V33 to be P5; after a certain pressure drop through the second heat exchanger 109, the pressure is P6, the temperature after cooling is t2 the pressure sets a logical relationship: p4 > P5 > P6 > P2 > P3 > P1 > 4.3bar.

In a preferred embodiment, the buffer tank 104 has three pressure settings, P7 being the lowest pressure setting it needs to maintain, taking into account the minimum liquefaction pressure requirement when returning the liquid ammonia temperature to not higher than 60 ℃ according to the buffer ammonia phase change characteristics; p8 is the pressure normally required to be maintained by the tank 104, P9 is the highest pressure designed for the tank 104 and is also the set relief pressure of the relief valve V22; the pressure setting has a logical relationship of P9 > P8 > P7 > 26.4bar; in addition, the logical relationship is P5 & gtP 6 & gtP 2 & gtP 7 & gt26.4 bar, the logical relationship is P3 & gtP 7, the logical relationship is P5 & gtP 9, and the design temperature of the buffer tank 104 is T3.

In a preferred embodiment, the ammonia fuel supply system and control method of marine engineering equipment and ships are as follows:

s1, before the host is started, nitrogen 220 is firstly used for blowing off air in a pipeline and the host, then a first booster pump 106 is started to replace the nitrogen in the pipeline and the host with fuel, and a mixture of the nitrogen and the fuel is collected in a buffer tank 104, wherein the main characteristics and the implementation modes are as follows: valve V7 is closed, V5 is opened, at this time the control buffer tank 104 is set to pressure P7, valves V8, V13 are closed;

s2, in a preliminary starting stage of a host, the whole system is pressurized and heated in three stages, the buffer tank 104 provides buffer, air resistance elimination and emergency pressure reduction functions for corresponding pipelines 201 and 202, and when 261 or 263 reaches a set pressure, a valve V8 is opened to enable medium in the pipeline to enter the buffer tank 104 so as to prevent a safety valve V23 on the pipeline from being opened for emergency release;

s3, in the operation stage of the host, the first booster pump 106 and the second booster pump 107 are in an operation state, the valve V5 on the branch of the buffer tank is closed, fuel returned from the host is cooled by the second heat exchanger 109 and then flows back to the inlet of the second booster pump 107 to enter recirculation, and at the moment, the set pressure of the buffer tank is P8, and the main characteristics, the control method and the actual operation mode are as follows: by closing valve V5 via control panel 110, fuel returning from the host reaches second heat exchanger 109, and when its outlet pressure sensor 264 indicates a pressure greater than P6, valve V7 opens and fuel returns to the inlet of second booster pump 107 for recirculation into the host; v8, V13 remain closed.

S4, stopping the host, blowing off the fuel in the host and the pipe by the nitrogen 220, closing the valve V7, opening the valve V5, and collecting the nitrogen fuel mixture in the buffer tank 104, wherein the set pressure of the buffer tank is controlled to be P7; v8, V13 remain closed

S5, when emergency release is required to be executed in the host and the pipeline in any stage, the fuel reaches a set threshold value to open and release through the valve group V31 or the valve group V32 or the valve V9 or the safety valves V21, V22 and V23 or the safety valves on the fuel tank or the safety valves on other pipelines containing the fuel, and enters the ammonia capture module 300 for processing through the corresponding pipeline.

In a preferred embodiment, the pressure control method of the buffer tank 104 is as follows: the buffer tank 104 is provided with valves V9 and V10 capable of controlling opening, a safety valve V22 and a pressure sensor 265; v9 is used to control the exhaust of the gas in the tank to the ammonia capture module 300, with the function of releasing the pressure; v10 is used for controlling nitrogen to enter the tank 104 for pressurization, and opening degree control is carried out through V9 and V10, so that the pressure in the tank 104 can be regulated to be at a set point P7 or P8; in order to avoid frequent opening and closing of the valve V9, V10 to carry out pressurization and relief treatment in the tank, the valve V9, V10 is directly closed when all the following three conditions are met: (1) valve V9 has an opening less than 6%, (2) valve V10 has an opening less than 6%, (3) pressure sensor 265 displays a value in the range of setpoint ± 0.2 bar; the control method and the specific implementation mode are as follows: when the pressure in the tank 104 needs to be increased to P8, the opening of the valve V9 is reduced, and the opening of the valve V10 is increased; when the pressure in the tank 104 needs to be reduced to P7, the opening of the valve V10 decreases and the opening of the valve V9 increases.

In a preferred embodiment, the level gauge 230 is a low level alarm, the level gauge 231 is a high level alarm, and the level of the buffer tank 104 is controlled to be in the middle of the high level alarm; the control method and the implementation mode are as follows: when the liquid level meter 231 alarms in a low position, the valve V13 is closed, when the liquid level meter 230 alarms in a high position, the valve V13 is opened, and fuel enters the fuel tank 101.V13 to be in a normally closed state.

In a preferred embodiment, the specific features and control method in the step S2 are as follows: (S21) when the pressure sensor 261 detects that P2 or 262 detects that P3 is exceeded, the valve V2 is opened, the fuel is returned to the fuel tank 101 via the pipe 209 for depressurization, and when the pressure sensor 263 detects that P4 is exceeded, the valve V4 is opened, the fuel is returned to the pipe 202 via the pipe 208 for depressurization; (S22) when the pressure sensor 261 detects that the pressure is greater than p2+2bar or the pressure sensor 262 detects that the pressure is greater than p3+2bar, if the pressure sensor 261 detects that the pressure is greater than p3+2bar, the valve V5 is closed and the valve V8 is opened in consideration of that the pressure is excessive due to air resistance or blockage in the pipeline, and at the moment, the buffer tank 104 is set to be at the pressure P7, and the fuel enters the buffer tank 104 through the pipelines 205 and 207 for pressure relief; (S23) when the pressure reaches the safety valves V21, V22, V23, setting a threshold, then the valve is opened to release into the ammonia capture module 300, wherein the threshold PV22 < PV23 < PV21; likewise, when the host computer is in emergency stop, the system needs to stop the pump and decompress, and the buffer tank 104 also performs the same operations and provides the functions of buffering, eliminating air lock and emergency depressurization, so as to avoid the emergency release of the safety valve V23 on the pipeline; the implementation operation mode is as follows: valve V5 is closed and valve V8 is opened, at this time, buffer tank 104 is controlled to set pressure P7, and fuel enters buffer tank 104 via lines 205 and 207 for pressure relief; v13 is closed.

In a preferred embodiment, the water mist is sprayed, the water pressure is higher than 16bar, and the water mist is water mist with Dv less than 400 μm; the silica gel adopts allochroic silica gel, and the allochroic silica gel is identified and replaced after adsorption saturation.

In a preferred embodiment, the P1 setting interval is 4.3-10bar, and the temperature T0 setting interval is 25-0 ℃; p2 sets interval 29-32bar; setting a P3 set interval of 26.5bar-29bar and a T1 set interval of 35-45 ℃; p4 is set to be 70-85bar; p5 sets interval 34-37bar; p6 is set to be 32-35bar, T2 is set to be 35-45 ℃.

In a preferred embodiment, the P7 is not less than 26.4bar; the P8 setting interval is 27-29bar, the P9 setting interval is 30-33bar, and T3 is less than or equal to 60 ℃.

In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the application are as follows:

1. in the application, the buffer tank is provided with three pressure settings which are respectively used for supplying the system to three states of normal operation, starting and stopping stages and emergency release, wherein the pressure setting is high pressure P8 to avoid vaporization of fuel in the tank during normal operation of the system, the pressure setting is low pressure P7 during unstable state stages such as starting and stopping of the system and the like, the pressure setting is used for providing buffering, eliminating air resistance and emergency depressurization functions, and the pressure setting is used for emergently releasing the buffer tank to the ammonia capturing module during the highest pressure P9, so that the overall safety of the system is improved.

2. In the application, the semi-cold and semi-pressure type fuel tank is combined with the two-stage pump to form three-stage supercharging, so that the fuel tank has high comprehensive cost performance and reduces the supercharging cost of the pump.

3. In the application, the system is provided with an ammonia capturing module, so that toxic gas is prevented from being directly discharged. The ammonia capturing module combines water mist spraying with silica gel adsorption, has good ammonia absorption effect, and simultaneously has ammonia concentration detection, and provides signals to form automatic control with a spraying system.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an ammonia fueling system of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a system for controlling the temperature and pressure in accordance with the present application;

FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the control steps in the present application.

The marks in the figure: 100-host, 101-fuel tank, 102-release tank, 103-capture tank, 104-capture tank, 105-collection cabinet, 106-first booster pump, 107-second booster pump, 108-first heat exchanger, 109-second heat exchanger, 110-control panel, 111-silica gel adsorption device, 300-ammonia capture module, V1-V13-control valve, V21-V23-relief valve, V31-liquid inlet valve group, V32-liquid return valve group, V33-relief valve, 201-210-pipeline, 220-222-nitrogen pipe, 230-235-liquid level gauge, 240-control signal line, 251-255-temperature sensor, 261-267-pressure sensor, 270-ammonia concentration detector, 280-filter.

Detailed Description

The present application will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the application.

Referring to fig. 1-3, a fuel tank 101 is in a semi-cold and semi-pressure form, and is provided with a first booster pump 106, a second booster pump 107, a fuel is three-stage boosted and then supplied to a host 100, a first heat exchanger 108 provides a supply fuel and Wen Gongneng, and a second heat exchanger 109 provides a return fuel cooling function.

The ammonia fuel supply system of ocean engineering equipment and ships and the control method are as follows:

s1, before the host is started, nitrogen 220 blows off air in the pipeline and the host, and then the first booster pump 106 is started to replace nitrogen in the pipeline and the host with fuel, and a mixture of the nitrogen and the fuel is collected in the buffer tank 104, wherein the implementation manner is as follows: valve V7 is closed and V5 is open, at which point the control buffer tank 104 is set to a pressure p7=26.4 bar and valves V8, V13 are closed.

S2, in the preliminary starting stage of the host, the whole system is pressurized and heated in three stages, the buffer tank 104 provides buffer, air resistance elimination and emergency pressure reduction functions for corresponding pipelines 201 and 202, a valve V8 is opened to enable medium in the pipeline to enter the buffer tank 104, so that emergency release of a safety valve V23 on the pipeline is avoided, and the buffer tank 104 is controlled to set pressure to 26.4bar. When the pressure sensor 261 detects more than 30bar or 262 detects more than 27bar, the valve V2 is opened, fuel is returned to the fuel tank 101 through the pipeline 209 for decompression, and when the pressure sensor 263 detects more than 83bar, the valve V4 is opened, and fuel is returned to the pipeline 202 through the pipeline 208 for decompression; (S22) when the pressure sensor 261 detects more than 32bar or 262 detects more than 29bar, considering that there is air lock or blockage in the pipeline to cause overpressure, closing the valve V5 and opening the valve V8, setting the pressure of the buffer tank 104 to 26.4bar, and introducing fuel into the buffer tank 104 for pressure relief through the pipelines 205 and 207; (S23) when the pressure reaches the safety valves V21, V22, V23 set thresholds, the valves are opened and released into the ammonia capture module 300. Likewise, when the host computer is in emergency shutdown, the system needs to perform pump down and depressurization, and the surge tank 104 also performs the same operations and provides the functions of buffering, eliminating vapor lock and emergency depressurization to avoid opening the on-line relief valve V23 for emergency release. The implementation operation mode is as follows: valve V5 is closed and V8 is opened, at which time buffer tank 104 is set to a pressure of 26.4bar and fuel is introduced into buffer tank 104 via lines 205, 207 for pressure relief. V13 remains closed.

S3, in the operation stage of the host, the first booster pump 106 and the second booster pump 107 are in an operation state, the valve V5 on the branch of the buffer tank is closed, fuel returned from the host is cooled by the second heat exchanger 109 and then flows back to the inlet of the second booster pump 107 to enter recirculation, and at the moment, the set pressure of the buffer tank is 28bar, and the actual operation mode is as follows: the fuel returned from the host reaches the second heat exchanger 109 by closing valve V5 via control panel 110, valve V7 opens when its outlet pressure sensor 264 indicates a pressure greater than 34bar, and fuel is returned to the inlet of the second booster pump 107 for recirculation into the host. V8, V13 remain closed.

S4, the host computer is stopped, the nitrogen 220 blows off the fuel in the host computer and the pipe, the valve V7 is closed, the valve V5 is opened, the nitrogen fuel mixture is collected in the buffer tank 104, and the set pressure of the buffer tank is controlled to be 26.4bar, so that the fuel can be prevented from leaking into the heat exchange medium channel due to the fact that the pressure of the fuel is too low in the first heat exchanger 108 and the pressure difference between the fuel and the heat exchange medium channel is too large. V8, V13 remain closed

S5, when the pressure in the fuel tank 104 reaches the threshold value 32bar and the safety valve V22 is required to perform emergency release, the fuel enters the ammonia capturing module 300 for treatment through a pipeline corresponding to the V22.

Embodiment 2: media discharged by the liquid inlet valve set V31, the liquid return valve set V32, the safety valves V21-V23, the buffer tank 104 and the like enter the release tank 102, liquid ammonia in the tank 102 is quickly vaporized from high pressure drop to atmospheric pressure, vaporized ammonia enters the capture tank 103, fine water mist spraying is carried out through a control panel 110 associated starting pipeline 210 due to the fact that ammonia concentration is detected to be greater than 30ppm by an ammonia concentration detector 270 arranged on the release tank 102, the fine water mist and the ammonia are generated in the tank 103 into ammonia monohydrate at the bottom of the tank 103, the liquid level in the tank 103 is kept between a liquid level meter 233 and a liquid level meter 234, if the liquid level is higher than 233, a signal is given to the control panel 110, a control valve V12 is opened, liquid in the tank is discharged to the tank 105, if the liquid level is lower than 234, a signal is given to the control panel 110, and the control valve V12 is closed, so that ammonia cannot directly enter the tank 105. When the ammonia concentration detector 270 is lower than 30ppm, the valve V11 is opened after 60 seconds, trace residual ammonia enters the silica gel adsorber 111, the ammonia is adsorbed, and finally the safe and harmless emission is realized. Tank 102 has a high level gauge 232, a high level gauge 235, and when liquid ammonia is not vaporized, high level gauge 232 is triggered, an alarm signal is provided to control panel 110, and when the liquid level triggers high level gauge 235, an emergency stop host signal is provided to control panel 110. The nitrogen line 222 is used for ammonia dilution and inerting of the tanks 102, 103.

Embodiment 3: the fuel tank 101 is of semi-cold and semi-pressure type, the pressure is p1=10bar, and the corresponding set working temperature t0= -5 ℃; the pressure after pressurization by the first booster pump 106 is p2=30bar; after passing through the filter 280 and the first heat exchanger 108, having a certain pressure drop, the pressure is p3=27 bar, and the temperature after heating is t1=35 ℃; the pressure after being pressurized by the second booster pump 107 is p4=83 bar; the temperature and the pressure meet the demands of a host computer at present; the fuel returns through the host 100 and is decompressed by the decompression valve V33 to p5=36 bar; after a certain pressure drop through the second heat exchanger 109, the pressure is p6=34 bar, the temperature after cooling is t2=35 ℃, and the fuel enters the inlet of the second booster pump 107 to be recycled to supply the host.

In the application, the buffer tank is provided with three pressure settings which are respectively used for supplying the system to three states of normal operation, starting and stopping stages and emergency release, wherein the pressure setting is high pressure P8 to avoid vaporization of fuel in the tank during normal operation of the system, the pressure setting is low pressure P7 during unstable state stages such as starting and stopping of the system and the like, the pressure setting is used for providing buffering, eliminating air resistance and emergency depressurization functions, and the pressure setting is used for emergently releasing the buffer tank to the ammonia capturing module during the highest pressure P9, so that the overall safety of the system is improved.

In the application, the semi-cold and semi-pressure type fuel tank is combined with the two-stage pump to form three-stage supercharging, so that the fuel tank has high comprehensive cost performance and reduces the supercharging cost of the pump.

In the application, the system is provided with an ammonia capturing module, so that toxic gas is prevented from being directly discharged. The ammonia capturing module combines water mist spraying with silica gel adsorption, has good ammonia absorption effect, and simultaneously has ammonia concentration detection, and provides signals to form automatic control with a spraying system.

It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the application is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the application.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an ammonia fuel feed system of marine engineering equipment and boats and ships, including host computer 100, fuel jar 101, release jar 102, catch jar 103, buffer tank 104, collection jar 105, first booster pump 106, second booster pump 107, first heat exchanger 108, second heat exchanger 109, control panel 110, silica gel adsorption equipment 111, control valve V1-V13, relief valve V21-V23, feed liquor valves V31, back liquid valves V32, relief valve V33, pipeline 201-210, nitrogen pipe 220-222, level gauge 230-235, control signal line 240, temperature sensor 251-255, pressure sensor 261-267, ammonia concentration detector 270, filter 280, ammonia capture module 300 and control panel 110, its characterized in that: the ammonia capture module 300 includes the following components: the device comprises a release tank 102, a capturing tank 103, a collecting tank 105, a silica gel adsorption device 111, a control valve V11, a control valve V12, a nitrogen pipe 222, liquid level meters 232-235, a control signal line 240 and an ammonia concentration detector 270;

the pipelines 201-210 for supplying the host machine have three-stage pressurizing and heating functions, and the return pipeline has depressurizing and cooling functions;

the ammonia concentration detector 270 installed on the release tank 102 detects that the ammonia concentration is more than 30ppm and the spraying pipeline 210 is started in an associated way through the control panel 110 to spray water mist;

the buffer tank 104 is internally provided with a liquid level meter 230, a liquid level meter 231, a control valve V13 and a pipeline 210;

the fuel tank 101 is semi-cold and semi-pressure type, the pressure is P1, and the highest temperature T0 is correspondingly set; the pressure after being boosted by the first booster pump 106 is P2; after passing through the filter 280 and the first heat exchanger 108, the pressure is P3 after having a pressure drop, and the temperature is T1 after heating; the pressure after being pressurized by the second booster pump 107 is P4; the fuel enters a host after being heated and boosted; the fuel returns through the host 100 and is decompressed by the decompression valve V33 to be P5; after a certain pressure drop through the second heat exchanger 109, the pressure is P6, the temperature after cooling is T2, and the pressure is set as follows: p4 > P5 > P6 > P2 > P3 > P1 > 4.3bar;

the buffer tank 104 has three pressure settings, P7 being the lowest pressure setting it needs to hold; p8 is the pressure normally needed to be maintained by the buffer tank 104, P9 is the highest pressure designed for the buffer tank 104 and is the set release pressure of the safety valve V22; the pressure setting has a logical relationship of P9 > P8 > P7 > 26.4bar; in addition, the logical relationship is P5 & gtP 6 & gtP 2 & gtP 7 & gt26.4 bar, the logical relationship is P3 & gtP 7, the logical relationship is P5 & gtP 9, and the design temperature of the buffer tank 104 is T3.

2. An ammonia fuel supply system for marine engineering equipment and vessels as defined in claim 1 wherein: the pressure control method of the buffer tank 104 is as follows: the buffer tank 104 is provided with a valve control valve V9 capable of controlling opening, a control valve V10, a safety valve V22 and a pressure sensor 265; the control valve V9 is used for controlling the gas in the tank to be discharged to the ammonia capture module 300, and has the functions of discharging and reducing pressure; the control valve V10 is used for controlling nitrogen to enter the buffer tank 104 for pressurization, and the control valve V10 is used for controlling the opening degree through the control valve V9, so that the pressure in the buffer tank 104 can be regulated to be at a set point P7 or P8; in order to avoid the control valve V9, the control valve V10 is frequently opened and closed to carry out pressurization and discharge treatment in the tank, when all the following three conditions are met, the control valve V9 and the control valve V10 are directly closed: 1 control valve V9 has an opening of less than 6%,2 control valve V10 has an opening of less than 6%,3 pressure sensor 265 shows a value in the range of setpoint ± 0.2 bar; when the pressure in the buffer tank 104 needs to be increased to P8, the opening of the control valve V9 is reduced, and the opening of the control valve V10 is increased; when the pressure in the buffer tank 104 needs to be reduced to P7, the opening degree of the control valve V10 is reduced, and the opening degree of the control valve V9 is increased.

3. An ammonia fuel supply system for marine engineering equipment and vessels as defined in claim 1 wherein: the liquid level meter 230 is a low-level alarm, the liquid level meter 231 is a high-level alarm, and the liquid level of the buffer tank 104 is controlled in the middle of the high-level alarm; the control method and the implementation mode are as follows: when the liquid level meter 231 alarms in a low position, the control valve V13 is closed, when the liquid level meter 230 alarms in a high position, the control valve V13 is opened, fuel enters the fuel tank 101, and the control valve V13 is in a normally closed state.

4. An ammonia fuel supply system for marine engineering equipment and vessels as defined in claim 1 wherein: the water mist is sprayed, the water pressure is higher than 16bar, and the water mist is water mist with Dv smaller than 400 mu m; the silica gel adopts color-changing silica gel; the control method comprises the following steps: medium discharged by the liquid inlet valve set V31, the liquid return valve set V32, the safety valve V21, the safety valve V22, the safety valve V23, the buffer tank 104 and the like enters the release tank 102, wherein liquid ammonia in the release tank 102 is quickly vaporized due to the atmospheric pressure from high pressure drop, vaporized ammonia enters the capture tank 103, the spraying pipeline 210 is started to spray fine water mist through the control panel 110 in an associated way due to the fact that the ammonia concentration is detected to be more than 30ppm by the ammonia concentration detector 270 arranged on the release tank 102, the fine water mist and the ammonia generate ammonia monohydrate in the capture tank 103 are collected at the bottom of the capture tank 103, the liquid level in the capture tank 103 is kept between the liquid level meter 233 and the liquid level meter 234, if the liquid level is higher than the liquid level meter 233, the control panel 110 is opened, the liquid in the tank is discharged to the collection tank 105, if the liquid level is lower than the liquid level meter 234, the control panel 110 is closed, and the ammonia cannot directly enter the collection tank 105; when the ammonia concentration detector 270 is lower than 30ppm, delaying for 60 seconds, opening a control valve V11, enabling trace residual ammonia to enter a silica gel adsorption device 111, adsorbing the ammonia, and finally realizing safe and harmless emission; the release tank 102 is provided with a high-level liquid level meter 232 and a high-level liquid level meter 235, when the liquid ammonia is not vaporized, the high-level liquid level meter 232 is triggered, an alarm signal is provided for the control panel 110, and when the liquid level height triggers the high-level liquid level meter 235, an emergency stop host signal is provided for the control panel 110; the nitrogen line 222 is used to release the tank 102, capture ammonia dilution and inerting of the tank 103.

5. An ammonia fuel supply system for marine engineering equipment and vessels as defined in claim 1 wherein: setting a range of 4.3-10bar for the P1, and setting a range of 25-0 ℃ for the temperature T0; p2 sets interval 29-32bar; setting a P3 set interval of 26.5bar-29bar and a T1 set interval of 35-45 ℃; p4 is set to be 70-85bar; p5 sets interval 34-37bar; p6 is set to be 32-35bar, T2 is set to be 35-45 ℃.

6. An ammonia fuel supply system for marine engineering equipment and vessels as defined in claim 1 wherein: the P7 is more than or equal to 26.4bar; the P8 setting interval is 27-29bar, the P9 setting interval is 30-33bar, and T3 is less than or equal to 60 ℃.

7. A control method of an ammonia fuel supply system of marine engineering equipment and ships comprises the following steps:

s1, before the host is started, the nitrogen pipe 220 is used for blowing off the air in the pipeline and the host, then the first booster pump 106 is started for replacing nitrogen in the pipeline and the host with fuel, and the mixture of the nitrogen and the fuel is collected in the buffer tank 104, so that the control method is as follows: the control valve V7 is closed, the control valve V5 is opened, the control buffer tank 104 is set to be at the pressure P7, the control valve V8 is controlled, and the control valve V13 is closed;

s2, in a preliminary starting stage of a host, the whole system is pressurized and heated in three stages, the buffer tank 104 provides buffer, air resistance elimination and emergency pressure reduction functions for the corresponding pipeline 201 and the pipeline 202, and when the pressure sensor 261 or the pressure sensor 263 reaches a set pressure, the control valve V8 is opened to enable medium in the pipeline to enter the buffer tank 104 so as to prevent the safety valve V23 on the pipeline from being opened for emergency release;

s3, in the operation stage of the host, the first booster pump 106 and the second booster pump 107 are in an operation state, the control valve V5 on the branch of the buffer tank is closed, fuel returned from the host is cooled by the second heat exchanger 109 and then flows back to the inlet of the second booster pump 107 to enter recirculation, and at the moment, the buffer tank is set to have the pressure of P8, and the control method is as follows: by closing the control valve V5 via the control panel 110, fuel returned from the host reaches the second heat exchanger 109, and when its outlet pressure sensor 264 shows a pressure greater than P6, the control valve V7 opens and fuel returns to the inlet of the second booster pump 107 for recirculation into the host; the control valve V8 and the control valve V13 are kept closed;

s4, stopping the host, firstly blowing off the host and fuel in the pipe by using a nitrogen pipe 220, closing a control valve V7, opening a control valve V5, and collecting the nitrogen fuel mixture in a buffer tank 104, wherein the set pressure of the buffer tank is controlled to be P7; the control valve V8 and the control valve V13 are kept closed;

s5, in any stage, when the emergency release is required to be executed in the host and the pipeline, the fuel reaches a set threshold value to be opened and released through the liquid inlet valve group V31 or the liquid return valve group V32 or the control valve V9 or the safety valve V21, the safety valve V22, the safety valve V23 or the safety valve on the fuel tank or the safety valve on other pipelines containing the fuel, and enters the ammonia capturing module 300 for processing through the corresponding pipeline.

8. A control method of an ammonia fuel supply system of marine engineering equipment and vessels as set forth in claim 7, wherein: the specific characteristics and the control method in the step S2 are as follows: s21, when the pressure sensor 261 detects that the pressure is larger than P2 or the pressure sensor 262 detects that the pressure is larger than P3, the control valve V2 is opened, fuel flows back to the fuel tank 101 through the pipeline 209 for decompression, when the pressure sensor 263 detects that the pressure is larger than P4, the control valve V4 is opened, and the fuel flows back to the pipeline 202 through the pipeline 208 for decompression; s22, when the pressure sensor 261 detects that the pressure is greater than P2+2bar or the pressure sensor 262 detects that the pressure is greater than P3+2bar, if the pressure is considered to be the overpressure caused by air resistance or blockage in the pipeline, the control valve V5 is closed, the control valve V8 is opened, the pressure of the buffer tank 104 is set to be P7, and the fuel enters the buffer tank 104 for pressure relief through the pipeline 205 and the pipeline 207; s23, when the pressure reaches the safety valve V21, the safety valve V22 and the safety valve V23, setting a threshold value, opening the valve and releasing the valve into the ammonia capturing module 300, wherein the threshold value PV22 is less than PV23 and less than PV21; likewise, when the host computer is in emergency stop, the system needs to stop the pump and decompress, and the buffer tank 104 also performs the same operations and provides the functions of buffering, eliminating air lock and emergency depressurization, so as to avoid the emergency release of the safety valve V23 on the pipeline; the implementation operation mode is as follows: the control valve V5 is closed, the control valve V8 is opened, the buffer tank 104 is set to be at the pressure P7, and fuel enters the buffer tank 104 for pressure relief through a pipeline 205 and a pipeline 207; the control valve V13 is closed.