CN114776488B - Marine natural gas and ammonia dual-purpose energy supply system - Google Patents
Marine natural gas and ammonia dual-purpose energy supply system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114776488B CN114776488B CN202210427781.7A CN202210427781A CN114776488B CN 114776488 B CN114776488 B CN 114776488B CN 202210427781 A CN202210427781 A CN 202210427781A CN 114776488 B CN114776488 B CN 114776488B
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- gas
- supply system
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- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 189
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 156
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000963 austenitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013064 chemical raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
- F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
- F02M21/0203—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels characterised by the type of gaseous fuel
- F02M21/0206—Non-hydrocarbon fuels, e.g. hydrogen, ammonia or carbon monoxide
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
- F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
- F02M21/0203—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels characterised by the type of gaseous fuel
- F02M21/0215—Mixtures of gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Biogas; Mine gas; Landfill gas
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
- F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
- F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
- F02M21/0221—Fuel storage reservoirs, e.g. cryogenic tanks
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
- F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
- F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
- F02M21/023—Valves; Pressure or flow regulators in the fuel supply or return system
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
- F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
- F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
- F02M21/023—Valves; Pressure or flow regulators in the fuel supply or return system
- F02M21/0239—Pressure or flow regulators therefor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
- F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
- F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
- F02M21/023—Valves; Pressure or flow regulators in the fuel supply or return system
- F02M21/0242—Shut-off valves; Check valves; Safety valves; Pressure relief valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
- F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
- F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
- F02M21/0293—Safety devices; Fail-safe measures
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a marine natural gas and ammonia dual-purpose energy supply system, which comprises a fuel storage system, a fuel gas supply system, a gas recovery system and a safety relief system, wherein the fuel gas supply system is connected with the marine natural gas and ammonia dual-purpose energy supply system; the fuel storage system comprises a storage tank, a probe is arranged in the storage tank and connected with a monitoring system of the central control room, and a heat insulation layer is arranged outside the storage tank; the fuel gas supply system comprises a natural gas supply system and a liquid ammonia gas supply system; the gas recovery system comprises a recovery pipeline arranged at the front end of the heater, the recovery pipeline is sequentially connected with a compressor, a cooler and an ammonia liquefying device, and a recovery gas phase root valve is arranged between the ammonia liquefying device and the storage tank; the safety release system comprises a release pipeline arranged at a release port of the storage tank, and the release pipeline is sequentially connected with a release device, an ammonia treatment device and the ventilation mast. After the ammonia fuel host is replaced, the invention can supply energy to a new host without replacing an adapted storage tank and an energy supply system, thereby reducing the cost of replacement and promoting the use of new energy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of ship construction, in particular to a marine natural gas and ammonia dual-purpose energy supply system.
Background
Due to the rapid development of the past industry, the emission of carbon dioxide is increasingly serious, the greenhouse effect is increasingly obvious, and the emission of carbon dioxide in China reaches a peak before 2030, and strives to realize carbon neutralization before 2060. In order to achieve the macro goal of emission reduction, it is very necessary to use low or zero carbon fuels. Ammonia fuel, hydrogen fuel, nuclear energy, etc. are considered as one of the most representative zero-carbon energy sources in the future shipping world, wherein ammonia fuel will be the main source of fuel for ship engines in the considerable future due to its low transportation cost and high safety, and at the same time, the demand for liquid ammonia is increasing for various industries, and the marine transportation of large amounts of liquid ammonia will be expanding continuously.
Ammonia, which has a boiling point of-33.35 ℃ and can be stored in a liquid state at normal temperature with lower pressure, is an important chemical raw material and has wide application in the fields of chemical medicine, pesticide, national defense industry, metallurgical industry and the like. Ammonia is usually stored and transported in a liquid state, has mature application on land, can be combusted as fuel, and is combusted and reacts with oxygen to generate nitrogen and water only because of no sulfur, so that the problem of carbon and sulfur emission is solved, and the ammonia is a very clean fuel, but when the ammonia is used as the fuel, a container for storing the ammonia often has insufficient pressure, so that the energy supply is inconvenient.
At present, ammonia is not widely used in the field of engine fuels due to the characteristics of toxicity, volatility, easy leakage and the like. However, with the improvement and maturity of technology and the international resolution of reducing carbon emissions, various difficulties are slowly overcome, further development of ammonia fuel engines is brought to schedule, so that the liquid ammonia storage tank and the gas supply system thereof are used as complete sets of equipment matched with the liquid ammonia storage tank and the gas supply system, and the safe storage and gas supply are particularly important, however, at present, many ships still adopt LNG (liquefied natural gas) as fuel for transition, and the cost of the LNG fuel tank and the gas supply system is relatively high, so that the energy supply system capable of directly switching the ammonia fuel in the future is also particularly important, and the cost and the transformation time for changing the host machine to switch the fuel can be greatly reduced by utilizing the LNG fuel tank and part of pipeline systems as much as possible.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, provides a marine natural gas and ammonia dual-purpose energy supply system, can complete energy supply to an ammonia fuel host without newly creating an energy supply pipeline, and simultaneously utilizes the pipeline to carry out air return pressurization on liquid ammonia in a storage tank so as to solve the problem of insufficient liquid ammonia pressure in the storage tank.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a marine natural gas and ammonia dual-purpose energy supply system comprises a fuel storage system, a fuel gas supply system, a gas recovery system and a safety relief system;
the fuel storage system comprises a storage tank, a probe is arranged in the storage tank, the probe is connected with a monitoring system of a central control room, and a heat insulation layer is arranged outside the storage tank;
the fuel gas supply system comprises a natural gas supply system and a liquid ammonia gas supply system, wherein the natural gas supply system comprises a natural gas liquid phase root valve for controlling an outlet of a storage tank, the outlet of the natural gas liquid phase root valve is communicated with an inlet of a natural gas pump, the outlet of the natural gas pump is communicated with an inlet of an evaporator, the outlet of the evaporator is communicated with an inlet of a heater, the outlet of the heater is communicated with an inlet of a buffer tank, the outlet of the buffer tank is communicated with a natural gas supply valve group through a natural gas pressure regulating device, the natural gas supply valve group provides fuel for a natural gas host, the outlet end of the heater is connected with a return gas pressurizing pipeline, the return gas pressurizing pipeline is communicated with the storage tank through a pressurizing gas phase root valve, one side of the natural gas pump is connected with a drainage pipeline, and the drainage pipeline is provided with a drainage gas phase root valve; the liquid ammonia gas supply system is connected with the storage tank outlet through the liquid ammonia liquid phase root valve, the liquid ammonia liquid phase root valve outlet is communicated with the liquid ammonia pump inlet, the liquid ammonia pump outlet is communicated with the inlet of the liquid ammonia daily tank, the liquid ammonia daily tank outlet is communicated with the buffer tank inlet through the heater, the buffer tank outlet is communicated with the ammonia gas supply valve group through the ammonia gas pressure regulating device, and the ammonia gas supply valve group supplies fuel to the ammonia fuel host;
the gas recovery system comprises a recovery pipeline arranged at the front end of the heater, the recovery pipeline is sequentially connected with a compressor, a cooler and an ammonia liquefying device, and a recovery gas phase root valve is arranged between the ammonia liquefying device and the storage tank;
the safety relief system comprises a relief pipeline arranged at a relief port of the storage tank, and the relief pipeline is sequentially connected with a relief device, an ammonia treatment device and a ventilation mast. The detection system can monitor the data such as pressure, liquid level and temperature in the storage tank at any time through the probes, ensure the safe operation of transportation and energy supply of the storage tank, when a safety fault occurs, the pipeline can be cut off in an emergency way by using the liquid phase root valve, so as to ensure the safety of a ship, when natural gas is used, the liquid phase root valve of the natural gas is opened, meanwhile, the drainage gas phase root valve on the drainage pipe is opened, the liquefied natural gas is lightered to the evaporator through the natural gas pump, the liquefied natural gas is converted into low-temperature gaseous natural gas by the evaporator, the low-temperature gaseous natural gas is heated to the temperature required by the host through the heater, the heated gaseous natural gas is stored in the buffer tank, the pressure of the natural gas is stabilized through the natural gas pressure regulating device, when the natural gas is supplied to the natural gas host through the natural gas supply valve, and when the ship host is replaced by the ammonia fuel host, storing liquid ammonia in a storage tank, opening a liquid ammonia liquid phase root valve, transferring the liquid ammonia to a liquid ammonia daily tank through a liquid ammonia pump, vaporizing the liquid ammonia after being heated by a heater and enabling the temperature to rise to a temperature required by functions, storing ammonia to a buffer tank, replacing an original natural gas pressure regulating device with the ammonia gas pressure regulating device, after stabilizing the pressure of the ammonia gas, providing fuel for an ammonia fuel host machine through an ammonia gas supply valve group, connecting an air return pressurizing pipeline at an outlet end of the heater, communicating the air return pressurizing pipeline with the storage tank through the pressurizing gas phase root valve, during the operation of the system, if the pressure of the liquid ammonia in the storage tank is lower, introducing gas back to the storage tank, increasing the pressure in the storage tank, enabling pipelines in the air supply system to generate redundant ammonia gas, and returning the redundant ammonia gas to the storage tank in a liquid ammonia mode after being processed by a compressor, a cooler and the ammonia liquefying device, the waste of unnecessary ammonia is avoided, when storage tank, equipment and pipeline break down or pressure reaches the set pressure of releasing, use the pipeline of releasing to carry out the pressure release to the fuel in storage tank and handle, because ammonia is toxic, install ammonia processing apparatus additional before ventilative mast, need not to change new storage tank after changing new host computer and new energy, need not to lay new energy supply pipeline, can accomplish the energy supply to the ammonia fuel host computer, practiced thrift the update cost greatly.
Preferably, the storage tank is made of austenitic stainless steel. The austenitic stainless steel can be compatible with natural gas and liquid ammonia, the design metal temperature reaches-196 ℃, the minimum working temperature of the natural gas is-163 ℃ and the minimum working temperature of the liquid ammonia is-33.4 ℃, and the design pressure of the storage tank is 5-9bar.
Preferably, the heat insulating layer is a vacuum heat insulating layer or a foaming heat insulating layer. The use of the insulating layer can ensure the evaporation rate and the maintenance duration of the fuel in the storage tank.
Preferably, the instrument range of the detection system can meet the use of two fuel working conditions simultaneously.
Preferably, the natural gas liquid phase root valve, the liquid ammonia liquid phase root valve, the drainage gas phase root valve, the recovery gas phase root valve and the pressurization gas phase root valve are pneumatically controlled and are connected with a detection system, and are remotely controlled through the detection system. By adopting remote pneumatic control, when safety failure occurs, the pipeline can be immediately cut off, and the safe operation of the ship is ensured.
Preferably, the recovery pipeline, the return air pressurizing pipeline and the drainage pipeline are all communicated with the top of the storage tank.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
after the new energy host is replaced, the proper storage tank and the proper energy supply system are not required to be replaced, and the new fuel can be directly filled in the storage tank by only cleaning and removing the natural gas in the original storage tank and the public pipeline, so that the energy is supplied to the ammonia fuel host, the cost of updating and upgrading the ship is reduced, and the popularization and the application of the ammonia fuel host in the future are facilitated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system architecture of the present invention;
wherein, 1-storage tank, 2-heat insulating layer, 3-natural gas liquid phase root valve, 4-natural gas pump, 5-evaporator, 6-heater, 7-buffer tank, 8-natural gas pressure regulating device, 9-natural gas supply valve group, 10-natural gas host, 11-liquid ammonia liquid phase root valve, 12-liquid ammonia pump, 13-liquid ammonia day tank, 14-ammonia gas supply valve group, 15-ammonia fuel host, 16-drainage gas phase root valve, 17-pressurization gas phase root valve, 18-compressor, 19-cooler, 20-ammonia liquefying device, 21-recovery gas phase root valve, 22-discharging device, 23-ammonia processing device, 24-ventilation mast, 25-detecting system
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated in the accompanying drawings and detailed description which are to be understood as being merely illustrative of the invention and not limiting of its scope, since various equivalent modifications to the invention will fall within the scope of the appended claims to the skilled person after reading the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the marine natural gas and ammonia dual-purpose energy supply system comprises a fuel storage system, a fuel gas supply system, a gas recovery system and a safety relief system;
the fuel storage system comprises a storage tank 1, wherein the storage tank 1 is made of austenitic stainless steel, the minimum working temperature of natural gas at-163 ℃ and the minimum working temperature of liquid ammonia at-33.4 ℃ can be met, the design pressure of the storage tank 11 is 5-9bar, a probe is arranged in the storage tank 1 and is connected with a monitoring system 25 of a central control room, the instrument range of the detection system 25 simultaneously meets the two fuel working conditions, a heat insulation layer 2 is arranged outside the storage tank 1, the heat insulation layer 2 adopts a vacuum heat insulation layer or a foaming heat preservation layer, and the evaporation rate and the maintenance duration of fuel in the storage tank 1 can be ensured;
the fuel gas supply system comprises a natural gas supply system and a liquid ammonia gas supply system, the natural gas supply system comprises a natural gas liquid phase root valve 3 for controlling the outlet of a storage tank 1, the outlet of the natural gas liquid phase root valve 3 is communicated with the inlet of a natural gas pump 4, the outlet of the natural gas pump 4 is communicated with the inlet of an evaporator 5, the outlet of the evaporator 5 is communicated with the inlet of a heater 6, the outlet of the heater 6 is communicated with the inlet of a buffer tank 7, the outlet of the buffer tank 7 is communicated with a natural gas supply valve group 9 through a natural gas pressure regulating device 8, the natural gas supply valve group 9 supplies fuel to a natural gas host 10, the outlet end of the heater 6 is connected with a return air pressurization pipeline, the return air pressurization pipeline is communicated with the storage tank 1 through a pressurization gas phase root valve 17, one side of the natural gas pump 4 is connected with a drainage pipeline, and the drainage pipeline is provided with a drainage gas phase root valve 16; the liquid ammonia gas supply system is connected with the outlet of the storage tank 1 through a liquid ammonia liquid phase root valve 11, the outlet of the liquid ammonia liquid phase root valve 11 is communicated with the inlet of a liquid ammonia pump 12, the outlet of the liquid ammonia pump 12 is communicated with the inlet of a liquid ammonia daily tank 13, the outlet of the liquid ammonia daily tank 13 is communicated with the inlet of a buffer tank 7 through a heater 6, the outlet of the buffer tank 7 is communicated with an ammonia gas supply valve group 14 through an ammonia gas pressure regulating device, and the ammonia gas supply valve group 14 supplies fuel to an ammonia fuel host 15;
the gas recovery system comprises a recovery pipeline arranged at the front end of the heater, the recovery pipeline is sequentially connected with a compressor 18, a cooler 19 and an ammonia liquefying device 20, a recovery gas phase root valve 21 is arranged between the ammonia liquefying device 20 and the storage tank, the recovery pipeline and an inlet end pipeline of the return air pressurizing pipeline are shared, and the recovery pipeline and the return air pressurizing pipeline are separated by a stop valve;
the natural gas liquid phase root valve 3, the liquid ammonia liquid phase root valve 11, the drainage gas phase root valve 16, the recovery gas phase root valve 21 and the pressurization gas phase root valve 17 are all controlled pneumatically and are connected with the detection system 25, and are controlled remotely through the detection system 25;
the safety relief system comprises a relief pipeline arranged at the relief port of the storage tank 1, and the relief pipeline is sequentially connected with a relief device 22, an ammonia treatment device 23 and a ventilation mast 24.
The recovery pipeline, the return air pressurizing pipeline and the drainage pipeline are all communicated with the top of the storage tank 1, gaseous fuel is reserved at the top of the storage tank 1, and the recovery pipeline, the return air pressurizing pipeline and the drainage pipeline are communicated with the top of the storage tank, so that the fuel inside the storage tank is conveniently pressurized.
The working process and principle of the marine natural gas and ammonia dual-purpose energy supply system are as follows: when the ship uses natural gas as fuel, the natural gas liquid phase root valve 3 is opened, the drainage gas phase root valve 16 is opened, the natural gas pump 4 is started, liquefied natural gas is lightered to the evaporator 5, the liquefied natural gas is converted into low-temperature gaseous natural gas by the evaporator 5, the low-temperature gaseous natural gas is heated to the temperature required by a host machine by the heater 6, the heated gaseous natural gas is stored in the buffer tank 7, the pressure of the natural gas is stabilized by the natural gas pressure regulating device 8, the natural gas host machine 10 is powered by the natural gas supply valve group 9, when the ship host machine is an ammonia fuel host machine 15, liquid ammonia is stored in the storage tank 1, the liquid ammonia liquid phase root valve 11 is opened, the liquid ammonia is lightered to the liquid ammonia daily tank 13 by the liquid ammonia pump 12, the liquid ammonia is gasified after being heated by the heater 6 and the temperature is raised to the temperature required by the function, the ammonia is stored in the buffer tank 7, the original natural gas pressure regulating device 8 is replaced by an ammonia gas pressure regulating device, after the ammonia gas pressure is stabilized, fuel is provided for an ammonia fuel host 15 through an ammonia gas supply valve group 14, an outlet end of a heater 6 is connected with a return gas pressurizing pipeline, the return gas pressurizing pipeline is communicated with a storage tank 1 through a pressurizing gas phase root valve 17, in the system operation process, if the pressure of liquid ammonia in the storage tank 1 is lower, the pressure in the storage tank 1 is increased by leading gas back to the storage tank 1, the pipeline in the gas supply system can generate redundant ammonia gas, after the redundant ammonia gas is processed by a compressor 18, a cooler 19 and an ammonia liquefying device 20, the redundant ammonia gas returns to the storage tank 1 again in the form of liquid ammonia, the waste of the redundant ammonia gas is avoided, and when the storage tank, equipment and the pipeline fail or the pressure reaches the set pressure of release, the pressure in the storage tank 1 is released by using the release pipeline, the toxicity of the ammonia gas is treated by an ammonia treatment device 23.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that modifications and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these modifications and substitutions should also be considered as being within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A marine natural gas and ammonia dual-purpose energy supply system which is characterized in that: the system comprises a fuel storage system, a fuel gas supply system, a gas recovery system and a safety relief system;
the fuel storage system comprises a storage tank, a probe is arranged in the storage tank, the probe is connected with a monitoring system of a central control room, and a heat insulation layer is arranged outside the storage tank;
the fuel gas supply system comprises a natural gas supply system and a liquid ammonia gas supply system, wherein the natural gas supply system comprises a natural gas liquid phase root valve for controlling an outlet of a storage tank, the outlet of the natural gas liquid phase root valve is communicated with an inlet of a natural gas pump, the outlet of the natural gas pump is communicated with an inlet of an evaporator, the outlet of the evaporator is communicated with an inlet of a heater, the outlet of the heater is communicated with an inlet of a buffer tank, the outlet of the buffer tank is communicated with a natural gas supply valve group through a natural gas pressure regulating device, the natural gas supply valve group provides fuel for a natural gas host, the outlet end of the heater is connected with a return gas pressurizing pipeline, the return gas pressurizing pipeline is communicated with the storage tank through a pressurizing gas phase root valve, one side of the natural gas pump is connected with a drainage pipeline, and the drainage pipeline is provided with a drainage gas phase root valve; the liquid ammonia gas supply system is connected with the storage tank outlet through the liquid ammonia liquid phase root valve, the liquid ammonia liquid phase root valve outlet is communicated with the liquid ammonia pump inlet, the liquid ammonia pump outlet is communicated with the inlet of the liquid ammonia daily tank, the liquid ammonia daily tank outlet is communicated with the buffer tank inlet through the heater, the buffer tank outlet is communicated with the ammonia gas supply valve group through the ammonia gas pressure regulating device, and the ammonia gas supply valve group supplies fuel to the ammonia fuel host;
the gas recovery system comprises a recovery pipeline arranged at the front end of the heater, the recovery pipeline is sequentially connected with a compressor, a cooler and an ammonia liquefying device, and a recovery gas phase root valve is arranged between the ammonia liquefying device and the storage tank;
the safety relief system comprises a relief pipeline arranged at a relief port of the storage tank, and the relief pipeline is sequentially connected with a relief device, an ammonia treatment device and a ventilation mast.
2. The marine natural gas and ammonia dual-purpose energy supply system according to claim 1, wherein: the storage tank is made of austenitic stainless steel.
3. The marine natural gas and ammonia dual-purpose energy supply system according to claim 1, wherein: the heat insulation layer adopts a vacuum heat insulation layer or a foaming heat preservation layer.
4. The marine natural gas and ammonia dual-purpose energy supply system according to claim 1, wherein: the probe in the storage tank and the instrument range of the detection system can meet the use of two fuel working conditions simultaneously.
5. The marine natural gas and ammonia dual-purpose energy supply system according to claim 1, wherein: the natural gas-liquid phase root valve, the liquid ammonia liquid phase root valve, the drainage gas phase root valve, the recovery gas phase root valve and the pressurization gas phase root valve are pneumatically controlled and are connected with the detection system, and are remotely controlled through the detection system.
6. The marine natural gas and ammonia dual-purpose energy supply system according to claim 1, wherein: the recovery pipeline, the return air pressurizing pipeline and the drainage pipeline are all communicated with the top of the storage tank.
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| WO2024052805A1 (en) * | 2022-09-05 | 2024-03-14 | Gas and Heat S.p.A. | Steel for the transport and storage of liquid ammonia |
| CN115372541B (en) * | 2022-10-21 | 2023-02-10 | 合肥工业大学 | Experimental device for be used for ammonia efflux flame research |
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| CN114776488A (en) | 2022-07-22 |
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