CN115342012A

CN115342012A - Ammonia fuel supply system for ocean engineering equipment and ship and control method

Info

Publication number: CN115342012A
Application number: CN202210841273.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙瑞; 王杨志; 刘建成; 赵立玉; 张家茂; 司徒颖峰; 刘鹤; 杨威; 黄朝俊; 钟良省
Original assignee: Yiu Lian Dockyards (shekou) Ltd; China Merchants Heavy Industry Shenzhen Co Ltd
Current assignee: Yiu Lian Dockyards (shekou) Ltd; China Merchants Heavy Industry Shenzhen Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-07-18
Filing date: 2022-07-18
Publication date: 2022-11-15
Anticipated expiration: 2042-07-18
Also published as: CN115342012B

Abstract

The invention discloses an ammonia fuel supply system of ocean engineering equipment and a ship and a control method. In the invention, the pressure control method of the buffer tank comprises the following steps: the buffer tank is provided with a valve for controlling openness, a safety valve and a pressure sensor; the ammonia trap module is used for controlling the gas in the tank to be discharged to the ammonia trap module and has the functions of releasing and reducing pressure; the nitrogen inlet control device is used for controlling nitrogen to enter the tank for pressurization, and the pressure in the tank can be adjusted to be a set point or the like through opening control; for avoiding the valve, frequently open and close and carry out pressure boost and discharge treatment in to the jar, the buffer tank has three kinds of pressure settings, is used for the three kinds of states of feed system normal work, start-stop stage, emergency release respectively, sets up to the high pressure when the system normally works and avoids the vaporization of jar interior fuel, sets up to the low pressure for provide the buffering, eliminate the air lock and emergency pressure reduction function, when the highest pressure, emergency release catches the module to ammonia, thereby the whole security of this system has been improved.

Description

Ammonia fuel supply system for ocean engineering equipment and ship and control method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of green low-carbon new energy of ocean-going ships, and particularly relates to an ammonia fuel supply system of ocean engineering equipment and ships and a control method.

Background

On ocean engineering equipment and ships, the use of LNG power is the mainstream trend at present, compared with the traditional diesel power, the LNG power can reduce 20% -25% of carbon emission and 20% -30% of nitrogen oxide emission, ammonia fuel (NH 3) is adopted as power to be combusted, products generated after combustion are nitrogen (N2) and water (H2O), the carbon emission can be reduced by 100%, and the nitrogen oxide emission directly meets the IMO Tier3 standard, so that the new energy of the ammonia fuel is considered to be one of the most potential zero-carbon fuels in the future, and meets the requirements of the green low-carbon emission long-term trend of the international shipping industry. The LNG supply main machine is characterized in that natural gas vaporized by a vaporizer enters a main machine cylinder for combustion to do work, due to the compressibility of the gas, a loop is not required to be arranged generally, and on the ammonia fuel power main machine, ammonia fuel is directly sprayed into the main machine cylinder in a liquid state for combustion to do work, a liquid return pipe and an overpressure overflow pipe are required to be arranged for surplus fuel due to the fact that the liquid is incompressible and easy to overpressure, in addition, the ammonia fuel power main machine needs to replace nitrogen in a pipeline with the ammonia fuel before starting, the ammonia fuel in the pipeline needs to be replaced with the nitrogen after stopping, a gas-liquid mixture after replacement needs to be collected and processed, in addition, the ammonia fuel has great toxicity to a human body, and an explosive mixture can be formed with air after leakage, so that leakage and discharge need to be strictly controlled by arranging an ammonia capture facility, the fuel input pressure requirement given by the general main machine is 70bar-85bar, the input temperature requirement is 25 ℃ -45 ℃, the output pressure and temperature value are slightly increased, and the ammonia fuel can be reused after decompression and cooling.

According to the characteristics of the ammonia fuel, the design mode of a pipeline system of the conventional LNG fuel cannot meet the use requirement of the ammonia fuel, and the ammonia fuel supply system and the control method are invented to realize the use of ammonia as a marine power fuel supply host and solve the problem of ammonia capture after the ammonia is discharged.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to: in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, an ammonia fuel supply system and a control method for marine engineering equipment and a ship are provided.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: an ammonia fuel supply system and a control method for ocean engineering equipment and ships comprise a main machine 100, a fuel tank 101, a release tank 102, a capture tank 103, a buffer tank 104, a collecting tank 105, a first booster pump 106, a second booster pump 107, a first heat exchanger 108, a second heat exchanger 109, a control panel 110, a silica gel adsorption device 111, control valves V1-V13, safety valves V21-V23, a liquid inlet valve group V31, a liquid return valve group V32, a pressure reducing valve V33, pipelines 201-210, nitrogen pipes 220-222, liquid level meters 230-235, a control signal line 240, temperature sensors 251-255, pressure sensors 261-267, an ammonia concentration detector 270, a filter 280, an ammonia capture module 300 and the control panel 110, wherein the ammonia capture module 300 comprises the following components: the device comprises a release tank 102, a capture tank 103, a collection tank 105, a silica gel adsorption device 111, control valves V11-12, a nitrogen gas pipe 222, liquid level meters 232-235, a control signal line 240 and an ammonia gas concentration detector 270;

the supply main machine pipelines 201-210 have three-stage pressurization and heating functions, and the return pipelines have decompression and cooling functions;

an ammonia concentration detector 270 mounted on the discharge tank 102 detects an ammonia concentration greater than 30ppm and performs water mist spraying by associating the control panel 110 with the starting pipe 210,

the capture tank 103 has

liquid level meters

230, 231, a valve V13, and a pipeline 210.

In a preferred embodiment, the fuel tank 101 is a semi-cold semi-pressure type, the pressure is P1, and the maximum temperature T0 is set correspondingly; the pressure is P2 after being boosted by the first booster pump 106; after passing through the filter 280 and the first heat exchanger 108, the pressure is P3 after a certain pressure drop, and the temperature is T1 after temperature rise; the pressure is P4 after the pressure is increased by the second booster pump 107; the temperature and the pressure are required to meet the requirements of a host at present; the fuel returns through the main engine 100 and is decompressed by the decompression valve V33 to be P5; after a certain pressure drop is generated in the second heat exchanger 109, the pressure is P6, the temperature after cooling is t2, and the pressure setting logic relationship is as follows: p4 is more than P5, P6 is more than or equal to P2, P3 is more than P1 and more than or equal to 4.3bar.

In a preferred embodiment, the buffer tank 104 has three pressure settings, P7 is the lowest pressure setting that it needs to maintain, and according to the phase change characteristics of the buffered ammonia, the lowest liquefaction pressure requirement when the temperature of the returned liquid ammonia is not higher than 60 ℃ is considered; p8 is the pressure that tank 104 normally needs to hold, and P9 is the set relief pressure for relief valve V22 for which the highest pressure is designed for tank 104; the pressure setting has a logic relationship of P9 > P8 > P7 ≥ 26.4bar; in addition, the logic relationship is P5 > P6 > P2 > P7 ≧ 26.4bar, the logic relationship is P3 > P7, the logic relationship is P5 > P9, and the design temperature of the buffer tank 104 is T3.

In a preferred embodiment, the ammonia fuel supply system and the control method for the marine engineering equipment and the ship are as follows:

s1, before the main engine is started, nitrogen 220 blows off air in the pipeline and the main engine, then the first booster pump 106 is started to replace the nitrogen in the pipeline and the main engine with fuel, and a mixture of the nitrogen and the fuel is collected in the buffer tank 104, and the main characteristics and the implementation mode are as follows: valve V7 is closed and V5 is opened, at this time, the control buffer tank 104 sets the pressure to P7, and valves V8 and V13 are closed;

s2, in a host preparation starting stage, three-section pressurization and temperature rise are carried out on the whole system, the buffer tank 104 provides buffering, air resistance elimination and emergency pressure reduction functions for the

pipelines

201 and 202, and when 261 or 263 reaches a set pressure, the valve V8 is opened to enable a medium in the pipeline to enter the buffer tank 104, so that the safety valve V23 on the pipeline is prevented from being opened and emergency release is avoided;

s3, in the host operation stage, when the first booster pump 106 and the second booster pump 107 are in an operation state, the upper valve V5 of the buffer tank branch is closed, the fuel returned from the host is cooled by the second heat exchanger 109 and then flows back to the inlet of the second booster pump 107 to enter the recirculation, the pressure of the buffer tank is set to be P8, and the main characteristics, the control method and the actual operation mode are as follows: the valve V5 is closed through the control panel 110, the fuel returned from the host reaches the second heat exchanger 109, when the outlet pressure sensor 264 displays that the pressure is more than P6, the valve V7 is opened, and the fuel flows back to the inlet of the second booster pump 107 and can be recycled into the host; v8, V13 remain closed.

S4, stopping the main engine, blowing off the main engine and fuel in the pipe by using the nitrogen 220, closing a valve V7, opening a valve V5, collecting a nitrogen fuel mixture in the buffer tank 104, controlling the set pressure of the buffer tank to be P7, and meanwhile, having the function of avoiding fuel leakage and entering a heat exchange medium channel due to overlarge pressure difference between the fuel and the heat exchange medium channel in the first heat exchanger 108 because of too low pressure; v8, V13 remain closed

And S5, at any stage, when the emergency release is required to be executed in the host and the pipeline, the fuel reaches a set threshold value through the valve group V31 or the valve group V32 or the valve V9 or the safety valves V21, V22 and V23 or the safety valve on the fuel tank or other safety valves on pipelines containing the fuel, is released, and enters the ammonia capture module 300 through the corresponding pipeline for processing.

In a preferred embodiment, the pressure control method of the buffer tank 104 is as follows: valves V9 and V10 for opening degree control, a safety valve V22 and a pressure sensor 265 are arranged on the buffer tank 104; the V9 is used for controlling gas in the tank to be discharged to the ammonia capture module 300 and has the functions of releasing and reducing pressure; v10 is used for controlling nitrogen to enter the tank 104 for pressurization, and opening degree control is performed through V9 and V10, so that the pressure in the tank 104 can be adjusted to be a set point P7 or P8; in order to avoid frequent opening and closing of the valves V9 and V10, pressurization and discharge treatment are carried out in the tank, and when the following three conditions are all met, the valves V9 and V10 are directly closed: valve V9 has an opening of less than 6%, (2) valve V10 has an opening of less than 6%, (3) pressure sensor 265 displays a value within the set point ± 0.2 bar; the control method and the specific implementation mode are as follows: when the pressure in the tank 104 needs to be increased to P8, the opening of the valve V9 is reduced, and the opening of the valve V10 is increased; when the pressure in the tank 104 needs to be reduced to P7, the opening of the valve V10 is reduced and the opening of the valve V9 is increased.

In a preferred embodiment, the liquid level meter 230 is a low alarm, the liquid level meter 231 is a high alarm, and the liquid level of the buffer tank 104 is controlled to be in the middle of the high alarm and the low alarm; the control method and the implementation mode are as follows: when the liquid level meter 231 alarms at a low position, the valve V13 is closed, and when the liquid level meter 230 alarms at a high position, the valve V13 is opened, and fuel enters the fuel tank 101.V13 in a normally closed mode.

In a preferred embodiment, the specific features and control method in the step S2 are as follows: (S21) when the pressure sensor 261 detects that the pressure is greater than P2 or the pressure sensor 262 detects that the pressure is greater than P3, the valve V2 is opened, and the fuel returns to the fuel tank 101 through the pipe 209 to be depressurized, and when the pressure sensor 263 detects that the pressure is greater than P4, the valve V4 is opened, and the fuel returns to the pipe 202 through the pipe 208 to be depressurized; (S22) when the pressure sensor 261 detects that the pressure is greater than P2+2bar or the pressure sensor 262 detects that the pressure is greater than P3+2bar, considering that overpressure is caused by air resistance or blockage in the pipeline, the valve V5 is closed, the valve V8 is opened, the pressure of the buffer tank 104 is set to be P7, and fuel enters the buffer tank 104 through the

pipelines

205 and 207 to be decompressed; (S23) when the pressure reaches the safety valve V21, V22, V23 set threshold, the valve opens to release into the ammonia capture module 300, wherein the threshold PV22 < PV23 < PV21; similarly, when the host is in emergency shutdown, the system needs to perform pump-stopping pressure reduction, and the buffer tank 104 also performs the same operation and provides buffering, air resistance elimination and emergency pressure reduction functions to avoid the opening of the safety valve V23 on the pipeline for emergency release; the implementation operation mode is as follows: the valve V5 is closed, the valve V8 is opened, the pressure of the buffer control buffer tank 104 is set to be P7 at the moment, and the fuel enters the buffer tank 104 through the

pipelines

205 and 207 for pressure relief; v13 is closed.

In a preferred embodiment, the water mist is sprayed, the water pressure is higher than 16bar, and the water mist is water mist with the Dv of less than 400 μm; the silica gel is allochroic silica gel, and the allochroic silica gel is identified and replaced after adsorption saturation.

In a preferred embodiment, the P1 is set to be 4.3-10bar, and the temperature T0 is set to be 25-0 ℃; p2 setting interval 29-32bar; setting the interval P3 at 26.5-29bar and the interval T1 at 35-45 deg.c; p4 setting interval 70-85bar; p5 setting interval 34-37bar; p6 is set at 32-35bar and T2 is set at 35-45 deg.C.

In a preferred embodiment, P7 is 26.4bar or more; the P8 setting interval is 27-29bar, the P9 setting interval is 30-33bar, and T3 is less than or equal to 60 ℃.

In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. in the invention, the buffer tank is provided with three pressure settings which are respectively used for three states of normal work, start-stop stage and emergency release of the supply system, the high pressure P8 is set to avoid fuel vaporization in the tank when the system works normally, the low pressure P7 is set to provide buffering, air resistance elimination and emergency pressure reduction functions when the system is in unstable state stages such as start-stop and the like, and the buffer tank is emergently released to the ammonia capturing module when the highest pressure P9 is reached, thereby improving the overall safety of the system.

2. In the invention, the semi-cold semi-pressure type fuel tank is combined with the two-stage pump to form three-stage pressurization, so that the comprehensive performance-price ratio of the fuel tank is high, and the pump pressurization cost is reduced.

3. In the invention, the system is provided with an ammonia capture module, so that the toxic gas is prevented from being directly discharged. The ammonia capturing module adopts water mist spraying combined with silica gel adsorption, has good ammonia absorption effect, simultaneously has ammonia concentration detection, and provides signals to form automatic control with a spraying system.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of an ammonia fuel delivery system of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a pressure and temperature control interval system according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a flow chart of control steps in the present invention.

The labels in the figure are: 100-host machine, 101-fuel tank, 102-release tank, 103-capture tank, 104-capture tank, 105-collection cabinet, 106-first booster pump, 107-second booster pump, 108-first heat exchanger, 109-second heat exchanger, 110-control panel, 111-silica gel adsorption device, 300-ammonia capture module, V1-V13-control valve, V21-V23-safety valve, V31-liquid inlet valve group, V32-liquid return valve group, V33-pressure reducing valve, 201-210-pipeline, 220-222-nitrogen pipe, 230-235-liquid level meter, 240-control signal line, 251-255-temperature sensor, 261-267-pressure sensor, 270-ammonia concentration detector and 280-filter.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not limit the invention.

1-3, a fuel tank 101 is in a semi-cold semi-pressure form, and is provided with a first booster pump 106 and a second booster pump 107 to boost fuel in three stages and then supply the fuel to a main engine 100, a first heat exchanger 108 provides a supply fuel heating function, and a second heat exchanger 109 provides a return fuel cooling function.

The ammonia fuel supply system of ocean engineering equipment and ships and the control method are as follows:

s1, before the host is started, nitrogen 220 blows off air in the pipeline and the host, then the first booster pump 106 is started to replace the nitrogen in the pipeline and the host with fuel, and a mixture of the nitrogen and the fuel is collected in the buffer tank 104, and the embodiment is as follows: valve V7 is closed and V5 is open, at which time control buffer tank 104 sets pressure P7=26.4bar and valves V8, V13 are closed.

S2, in the host computer preparation starting stage, the whole system is pressurized and heated in a three-section mode, the buffer tank 104 provides buffering, air resistance eliminating and emergency pressure reducing functions for the

pipelines

201 and 202, the valve V8 is opened to enable medium in the pipeline to enter the buffer tank 104 so as to prevent the safety valve V23 on the pipeline from opening and emergency release, and the pressure of the buffer tank 104 is controlled to be 26.4bar at the moment. When the pressure sensor 261 detects more than 30bar or 262 detects more than 27bar, the valve V2 is opened, and the fuel returns to the fuel tank 101 through the pipeline 209 to be decompressed, and when the pressure sensor 263 detects more than 83bar, the valve V4 is opened, and the fuel returns to the pipeline 202 through the pipeline 208 to be decompressed; (S22) when the pressure sensor 261 detects that the pressure is greater than 32bar or the pressure sensor 262 detects that the pressure is greater than 29bar, considering that overpressure is caused by air blockage or blockage in the pipeline, closing the valve V5, opening the valve V8, setting the pressure of the buffer tank 104 to be 26.4bar, and enabling the fuel to enter the buffer tank 104 through the

pipelines

205 and 207 for pressure relief; (S23) when the pressure reaches the relief valve V21, V22, V23 set threshold, the valve opens to release into the ammonia capture module 300. Similarly, during an emergency shutdown of the host, the system needs to be depressurized by stopping the pump, and the buffer tank 104 performs the same operation and provides buffering, vapor lock elimination and emergency depressurization functions to avoid the on-line safety valve V23 from opening the emergency release. The implementation operation mode is as follows: valve V5 is closed and V8 is opened, at which point buffer control buffer tank 104 is set to a pressure of 26.4bar and fuel is admitted to buffer tank 104 via

lines

205, 207 for pressure relief. V13 remains closed.

S3, in the host operation stage, the first booster pump 106 and the second booster pump 107 are in an operation state, the upper valve V5 of the buffer tank branch is closed, the fuel returned from the host is cooled by the second heat exchanger 109 and then flows back to the inlet of the second booster pump 107 to enter the recirculation, the set pressure of the buffer tank is 28bar at the moment, and the actual operation mode is as follows: the valve V5 is closed by the control panel 110 and the fuel returning from the main machine reaches the second heat exchanger 109, and when its outlet pressure sensor 264 indicates a pressure greater than 34bar, the valve V7 is opened and the fuel is returned to the inlet of the second booster pump 107 and can be recycled into the main machine. V8, V13 remain closed.

S4, the main machine stops, the nitrogen 220 blows off the main machine and the fuel in the pipe, the valve V7 is closed, the valve V5 is opened, the nitrogen fuel mixture is collected in the buffer tank 104, the set pressure of the buffer tank is controlled to be 26.4bar at the moment, and the situation that the fuel leaks in the first heat exchanger 108 due to overlarge pressure difference with the heat exchange medium channel and enters the heat exchange medium channel due to overlow pressure can be avoided. V8, V13 remain closed

S5, when the pressure in the fuel tank 104 reaches a threshold value of 32bar, and a safety valve V22 is required to execute emergency release, the fuel enters the ammonia capture module 300 through a pipeline corresponding to the V22 to be processed.

Embodiment 2: media discharged by the liquid inlet valve group V31, the liquid return valve group V32, the safety valves V21-V23, the buffer tank 104 and the like enter the release tank 102, liquid ammonia in the tank 102 is rapidly vaporized due to the fact that high pressure drop is atmospheric normal pressure, vaporized ammonia enters the capture tank 103, fine water mist spraying is carried out through a control panel 110-associated starting pipeline 210 due to the fact that ammonia concentration is detected to be larger than 30ppm by an ammonia concentration detector 270 installed on the release tank 102, the fine water mist and the ammonia generate hydrated ammonia in the tank 103 and are collected at the bottom of the tank 103, liquid level in the tank 103 is kept between a liquid level meter 233 and a liquid level meter 234, if the liquid level is higher than 233, a signal is sent to the control panel 110, the control valve V12 is opened, fluid in the tank is discharged to the tank 105, if the liquid level is lower than 234, a signal is sent to the control panel 110, the control valve V12 is closed, and ammonia is guaranteed not to directly enter the tank 105. When the ammonia concentration detector 270 is lower than 30ppm, the time is delayed for 60s, the valve V11 is opened, a trace amount of residual ammonia enters the silica gel adsorber 111, the ammonia is adsorbed, and finally safe and harmless emission is realized. Tank 102 has a high level liquid level gauge 232 and a high level liquid level gauge 235, wherein when liquid ammonia is not in time to vaporize, high level gauge 232 is triggered to provide an alarm signal to control panel 110, and when liquid level height triggers high level gauge 235, an emergency stop host signal is provided to control panel 110. The nitrogen line 222 is used for ammonia dilution and inerting purging of the

tanks

102, 103.

Embodiment 3: the fuel tank 101 is of a semi-cold semi-pressure type, the pressure is P1=10bar, and the corresponding set working temperature T0= -5 ℃; the pressure after being boosted by the first booster pump 106 is P2=30bar; after passing through the filter 280 and the first heat exchanger 108, the pressure is P3=27bar after a certain pressure drop, and the temperature is T1=35 ℃ after temperature rise; the pressure after being boosted by the second booster pump 107 is P4=83bar; the temperature and the pressure are required to meet the requirements of a host at present; the fuel is returned through the main engine 100 and is decompressed through the decompression valve V33, and the pressure is P5=36bar; after a certain pressure drop across the second heat exchanger 109, with a pressure P6=34bar and a cooled temperature T2=35 ℃, the fuel enters the inlet of the second booster pump 107 for recirculation to the main machine.

In the invention, the buffer tank is provided with three pressure settings which are respectively used for three states of normal work, start-stop stage and emergency release of the supply system, the high pressure P8 is set to avoid fuel vaporization in the tank when the system works normally, the low pressure P7 is set to provide buffering, air resistance elimination and emergency pressure reduction functions when the system is in unstable state stages such as start-stop and the like, and the buffer tank is emergently released to the ammonia capturing module when the highest pressure P9 is reached, thereby improving the overall safety of the system.

In the invention, the semi-cold semi-pressure type fuel tank is combined with the two-stage pump to form three-stage pressurization, so that the comprehensive performance-price ratio of the fuel tank is high, and the pump pressurization cost is reduced.

In the invention, the system is provided with the ammonia capture module, so that the direct emission of toxic gas is avoided. The ammonia capturing module adopts water mist spraying combined with silica gel adsorption, has good ammonia absorption effect, simultaneously has ammonia concentration detection, and provides signals to form automatic control with a spraying system.

It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrases "comprising one of 8230; \8230;" 8230; "does not exclude the presence of additional like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ammonia fuel supply system and a control method for ocean engineering equipment and ships comprise a main machine 100, a fuel tank 101, a release tank 102, a capture tank 103, a buffer tank 104, a collection tank 105, a first booster pump 106, a second booster pump 107, a first heat exchanger 108, a second heat exchanger 109, a control panel 110, a silica gel adsorption device 111, control valves V1-V13, safety valves V21-V23, a liquid inlet valve group V31, a liquid return valve group V32, a pressure reducing valve V33, pipelines 201-210, nitrogen pipes 220-222, liquid level meters 230-235, a control signal line 240, temperature sensors 251-255, pressure sensors 261-267, an ammonia concentration detector 270, a filter 280, an ammonia capture module 300 and the control panel 110, and are characterized in that: the ammonia capture module 300 includes the following components: the device comprises a release tank 102, a capture tank 103, a collection tank 105, a silica gel adsorption device 111, control valves V11-12, a nitrogen gas pipe 222, liquid level meters 232-235, a control signal line 240 and an ammonia gas concentration detector 270;

the supply main pipelines 201-210 have three-stage pressurization and heating functions, and the return pipelines have decompression and cooling functions;

the capture tank 103 has liquid level meters 230, 231, a valve V13, and a pipeline 210.

2. The ammonia fuel supply system and the control method for marine engineering equipment and ships according to claim 1, wherein: the fuel tank 101 is of a semi-cold semi-pressure type, the pressure is P1, and the highest temperature T0 is correspondingly set; the pressure is P2 after being boosted by the first booster pump 106; after passing through the filter 280 and the first heat exchanger 108, the pressure is reduced to P3, and the temperature is increased to T1; the pressure is P4 after the pressure is increased by the second booster pump 107; heating and boosting the fuel, and then entering a host; the fuel returns through the main engine 100 and is decompressed by the decompression valve V33 to be P5; after a certain pressure drop is achieved through the second heat exchanger 109, the pressure is P6, the temperature after cooling is t2, and the pressure setting logic relationship is as follows: p4 is more than P5, more than P6 is more than or equal to P2, more than P3, more than P1 and more than or equal to 4.3bar.

3. The ammonia fuel supply system and the control method for marine engineering equipment and ships according to claim 1, wherein: the buffer tank 104 has three pressure settings, P7 being its lowest pressure setting that needs to be maintained; p8 is the pressure that tank 104 normally needs to hold, and P9 is the set relief pressure for relief valve V22 for which the highest pressure is designed for tank 104; the pressure setting has a logical relation of P9 > P8 > P7 ≧ 26.4bar; in addition, the logic relation is P5 > P6 > P2 > P7 ≧ 26.4bar, in addition, the logic relation is P3 > P7, in addition, the logic relation is P5 > P9, and the design temperature of the buffer tank 104 is T3.

4. The ammonia fuel supply system and the control method for marine engineering equipment and ships according to claim 1, wherein: the control method of the ammonia fuel supply system of the ocean engineering equipment and the ship comprises the following steps:

s1, before the host is started, nitrogen 220 blows off air in the pipeline and the host, then the first booster pump 106 is started to replace the nitrogen in the pipeline and the host with fuel, and a mixture of the nitrogen and the fuel is collected in the buffer tank 104, and the control method comprises the following steps: valve V7 is closed, V5 is opened, the control buffer tank 104 sets the pressure to P7 at the moment, and valves V8 and V13 are closed;

s2, in a host preparation starting stage, three-section pressurization and temperature rise are carried out on the whole system, the buffer tank 104 provides buffering, air resistance elimination and emergency pressure reduction functions for the pipelines 201 and 202, and when 261 or 263 reaches a set pressure, the valve V8 is opened to enable a medium in the pipeline to enter the buffer tank 104, so that the safety valve V23 on the pipeline is prevented from being opened and emergency release is avoided;

s3, in the host operation stage, when the first booster pump 106 and the second booster pump 107 are in an operation state, the upper valve V5 of the buffer tank branch is closed, the fuel returned from the host is cooled by the second heat exchanger 109 and then flows back to the inlet of the second booster pump 107 to enter the recirculation, the pressure of the buffer tank is set to be P8, and the control method comprises the following steps: the valve V5 is closed by the control panel 110, the fuel returning from the host reaches the second heat exchanger 109, when the outlet pressure sensor 264 displays that the pressure is more than P6, the valve V7 is opened, and the fuel returns to the inlet of the second booster pump 107 and can be recycled into the host; v8 and V13 are kept closed;

s4, stopping the main machine, blowing off the main machine and the fuel in the pipe by using nitrogen 220, closing a valve V7, opening a valve V5, collecting the nitrogen fuel mixture in the buffer tank 104, and controlling the set pressure of the buffer tank to be P7 at the moment; v8 and V13 are kept closed;

and S5, at any stage, when the host and the pipeline are required to execute emergency release, the fuel reaches a set threshold value through a valve group V31, a valve group V32, a valve V9, a safety valve V21, a safety valve V22 or a safety valve V23 on a fuel tank or other safety valves on pipelines containing the fuel, is released, and enters the ammonia capturing module 300 through corresponding pipelines for processing.

5. The ammonia fuel supply system and the control method for marine engineering equipment and ships according to claim 1, wherein: the pressure control method of the buffer tank 104 comprises the following steps: valves V9 and V10 for opening degree control, a safety valve V22 and a pressure sensor 265 are arranged on the buffer tank 104; the V9 is used for controlling the gas in the tank to be discharged to the ammonia capturing module 300 and has the functions of releasing and reducing pressure; v10 is used for controlling nitrogen to enter the tank 104 for pressurization, and opening degree control is performed through V9 and V10, so that the pressure in the tank 104 can be adjusted to be a set point P7 or P8; in order to avoid the valve V9 and V10 to frequently open and close and carry out pressurization and discharge treatment in the jar, when following three condition is all satisfied, valve V9, V10 directly close: valve V9 has an opening of less than 6%, (2) valve V10 has an opening of less than 6%, (3) pressure sensor 265 displays a value within the set point ± 0.2 bar; when the pressure in the tank 104 needs to be increased to P8, the opening of the valve V9 is reduced, and the opening of the valve V10 is increased; when the pressure in the tank 104 needs to be reduced to P7, the opening of the valve V10 is reduced and the opening of the valve V9 is increased.

6. The ammonia fuel supply system and the control method for marine engineering equipment and ships according to claim 1, wherein: the liquid level meter 230 gives an alarm at a low position, the liquid level meter 231 gives an alarm at a high position, and the liquid level of the buffer tank 104 is controlled to be in the middle of the alarm at the high position and the low position; the control method and the implementation mode are as follows: when the liquid level meter 231 alarms at a low position, the valve V13 is closed, and when the liquid level meter 230 alarms at a high position, the valve V13 is opened, and fuel enters the fuel tank 101.V13 in a normally closed mode.

7. The ammonia fuel supply system and the control method for marine engineering equipment and ships according to claim 4, characterized in that: the specific characteristics and control method in the step S2 are as follows: (S21) when the pressure sensor 261 detects that the pressure is greater than P2 or the pressure sensor 262 detects that the pressure is greater than P3, the valve V2 is opened, and the fuel returns to the fuel tank 101 through the pipe 209 to be depressurized, and when the pressure sensor 263 detects that the pressure is greater than P4, the valve V4 is opened, and the fuel returns to the pipe 202 through the pipe 208 to be depressurized; (S22) when the pressure sensor 261 detects that the pressure is greater than P2+2bar or the pressure sensor 262 detects that the pressure is greater than P3+2bar, considering that overpressure is caused by air resistance or blockage in the pipeline, the valve V5 is closed, the valve V8 is opened, the pressure of the buffer tank 104 is set to be P7, and fuel enters the buffer tank 104 through the pipelines 205 and 207 to be decompressed; (S23) when the pressure reaches a threshold set by the safety valves V21, V22, V23, then the valve opens to release into the ammonia capture module 300, wherein the threshold PV22 < PV23 < PV21; similarly, when the host is in emergency shutdown, the system needs to perform pump-stopping pressure reduction, and the buffer tank 104 also performs the same operation and provides buffering, air resistance elimination and emergency pressure reduction functions to avoid the opening of the safety valve V23 on the pipeline for emergency release; the implementation operation mode is as follows: the valve V5 is closed, the valve V8 is opened, the pressure of the buffer control tank 104 is set to be P7 at the moment, and the fuel enters the buffer tank 104 through pipelines 205 and 207 to be decompressed; v13 is closed.

8. The ammonia fuel supply system and the control method for marine engineering equipment and ships according to claim 1, wherein: spraying the fine water mist, wherein the water pressure is higher than 16bar, and the fine water mist is water mist with Dv smaller than 400 mu m; the silica gel is allochroic silica gel. The control method comprises the following steps: media discharged by the liquid inlet valve group V31, the liquid return valve group V32, the safety valves V21-V23, the buffer tank 104 and the like enter the release tank 102, liquid ammonia in the tank 102 is rapidly vaporized due to the fact that high pressure drop is atmospheric normal pressure, vaporized ammonia enters the capture tank 103, fine water mist spraying is carried out through a control panel 110-associated starting pipeline 210 due to the fact that ammonia concentration is detected to be larger than 30ppm by an ammonia concentration detector 270 installed on the release tank 102, the fine water mist and the ammonia generate hydrated ammonia in the tank 103 and are collected at the bottom of the tank 103, liquid level in the tank 103 is kept between a liquid level meter 233 and a liquid level meter 234, if the liquid level is higher than 233, a signal is sent to the control panel 110, the control valve V12 is opened, fluid in the tank is discharged to the tank 105, if the liquid level is lower than 234, a signal is sent to the control panel 110, the control valve V12 is closed, and ammonia is guaranteed not to directly enter the tank 105. When the ammonia concentration detector 270 is lower than 30ppm, the time is delayed for 60s, the valve V11 is opened, a trace amount of residual ammonia enters the silica gel adsorber 111, the ammonia is adsorbed, and finally safe and harmless emission is realized. Tank 102 has a high level gauge 232 and a high level gauge 235, and provides an alarm signal to control panel 110 when liquid ammonia is not in time to vaporize, triggering high level gauge 232, and providing an emergency stop master signal to control panel 110 when liquid level height triggers high level gauge 235. The nitrogen line 222 is used for ammonia dilution and inerting purging of the tanks 102, 103.

9. The ammonia fuel supply system and the control method for marine engineering equipment and ships according to claim 2, wherein: the setting range of P1 is 4.3-10bar, and the setting range of T0 is 25-0 ℃; p2 setting interval is 29-32bar; the setting interval of P3 is 26.5bar-29bar, and the setting interval of T1 is 35-45 ℃; p4 setting interval 70-85bar; p5 is set in the interval of 34-37bar; p6 is 32-35bar, T2 is 35-45 deg.C.

10. The ammonia fuel supply system and the control method for marine engineering equipment and ships according to claim 3, wherein: the P7 is more than or equal to 26.4bar; the P8 setting interval is 27-29bar, the P9 setting interval is 30-33bar, and T3 is less than or equal to 60 ℃.