CN115341571A - Multi-layer underground space reverse construction method and ventilation system for underground construction - Google Patents
Multi-layer underground space reverse construction method and ventilation system for underground construction Download PDFInfo
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 232
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 104
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 18
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010010904 Convulsion Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000004887 air purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002026 carminative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036461 convulsion Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/045—Underground structures, e.g. tunnels or galleries, built in the open air or by methods involving disturbance of the ground surface all along the location line; Methods of making them
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F17/00—Vertical ducts; Channels, e.g. for drainage
- E04F17/04—Air-ducts or air channels
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F7/00—Ventilation
- F24F7/003—Ventilation in combination with air cleaning
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F7/00—Ventilation
- F24F7/04—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
- F24F8/10—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering
- F24F8/15—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering by chemical means
- F24F8/158—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering by chemical means using active carbon
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Abstract
The application discloses a multi-layer underground space reverse construction method, which relates to the field of basement reverse construction technology and comprises the following steps of firstly, constructing a first layer; constructing a ventilation shaft on the first floor, and installing a formal ventilation machine room communicated with the ventilation shaft on the first floor; constructing a layer B1, wherein a wind pipe is installed in a formal ventilator room on the first layer and leads to the construction position of the layer B1; step four, continuing to extend downwards on the layer B1 to build a ventilation shaft, and installing a formal ventilation machine room communicated with the ventilation shaft on the layer B1; constructing a layer B2, wherein an air pipe is installed in a formal ventilator room of the layer B1 and leads to the construction position of the layer B2; and when the downward construction is needed, repeating the construction steps of the fourth step and the fifth step on the corresponding construction layer and the layer above the corresponding construction layer. This application is through in the construction of underground space excavation, carries out ventilation shaft and formal ventilator room's construction in advance, has avoided the overlapping investment, has improved the efficiency of construction, and can provide more stable ventilation for the construction area.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of basement reverse construction, in particular to a multilayer underground space reverse construction method.
Background
The reverse construction method is more and more widely applied to construction of deep foundation pits in densely-built urban built areas, long-time exposure of large foundation pits is avoided, and other 'natural ventilation' passages except soil taking openings and equipment holes on the reverse construction operation surface are limited. If safety measures such as exhaust and ventilation are not in place, great damage is caused to the health of constructors, and even safety accidents are sent.
In the related technology, the conventional reverse construction method mostly adopts the mode of arranging a temporary ventilation machine on the ground, mechanically supplying air to an operation part through an air pipe, and keeping the air on the ground and underground to circulate by using a staircase, a soil-taking port, a vertical pipe well hole and the like as an air exhaust channel.
Aiming at the related technologies, many basements are of a multi-layer structure at present, when the construction is carried out by a reverse construction method, the construction is carried out from the top to the next layer, the position and the structure of a temporary ventilating machine and an air pipe are required to be adjusted continuously during the construction, so as to ventilate the construction area of the next layer, after the construction is finished, the temporary ventilating machine and the air pipe are required to be disassembled, and holes from which wind and light flow out are sealed and installed, so that the defect of repeated investment exists, the whole construction efficiency is also reduced, and therefore, the inventor provides a construction method of a reverse construction method for the multi-layer underground space.
Disclosure of Invention
On one hand, in order to reduce the repeated investment generated by temporary ventilating machinery in the reverse construction method of the basement, the application provides a reverse construction method of a multi-layer underground space, the formal ventilating machine room is installed while the basement is constructed, and the formal ventilating machine room and a ventilating shaft thereof are directly used as ventilating equipment in the construction process.
The construction method of the multilayer underground space reverse construction method adopts the following technical scheme:
the construction method of the multilayer underground space reverse construction method comprises the following steps:
step one, constructing a first layer;
step two, after the first floor construction is finished, a ventilation shaft is built on the first floor, and a formal ventilation machine room communicated with the ventilation shaft is installed on the first floor;
constructing a layer B1, wherein a wind pipe is installed in a formal ventilator room on the first layer and leads to the construction position of the layer B1;
step four, after the construction of the layer B1 is finished, continuing to extend downwards on the layer B1 to build the ventilating shaft, and installing a formal ventilating machine room communicated with the ventilating shaft on the layer B1;
constructing a layer B2, wherein an air pipe is installed in a formal ventilator room of the layer B1 and leads to the construction position of the layer B2;
and repeating the construction steps of the fourth step and the fifth step on the corresponding construction layer when the downward construction is required to be continued.
By adopting the technical scheme, the construction of the ventilation shaft and the formal ventilation machine room is carried out while the basement construction is carried out; after the construction of the basement is finished, the ventilation shaft and the ventilation machine room are required to be arranged in a matched mode for ventilation of the basement, so that repeated investment and repeated construction cannot be caused by the advanced construction of the ventilation shaft and the formal ventilation machine room, conventional temporary ventilation machinery is replaced by the ventilation shaft and the formal ventilation machine room which are used for a long time, the construction procedure of the whole basement construction is simplified, and the construction efficiency is improved; compared with temporary ventilation equipment, the formal ventilator room has more stable ventilation capability and certain air purification effect, is more favorable for ensuring the air quality safety of a construction site and ensures the smooth operation of basement construction; formal ventilator room is closely along with construction progress top-down installation, and formal ventilator room is located the upper story on construction layer, and the length of tuber pipe can not be too long, and the intensity of air supply or convulsions can reliably be guaranteed, compares in passing through tuber pipe intercommunication construction layer at subaerial installation interim ventilation machinery, can not influence the efficiency of air exchange because the construction depth is too deep, tuber pipe overlength, can be better guarantee go on smoothly of construction. For the construction of the underground space of the multi-layer structure by the reverse construction method, the construction method can improve the construction efficiency of the underground space and guarantee the air quality in the underground construction process.
Optionally, the first step includes: s11, excavating the first layer of earthwork to a required depth; s12, pouring a cushion layer; s13, constructing a beam-slab structure; s14, removing the template support system after the template removal condition is met;
the second step comprises the following steps: s21, building a ventilation shaft; s22, installing a formal ventilator room;
step two is carried out alternately in step one, beam-slab structure construction around the ventilating shaft is carried out in step one, and then beam-slab structure construction of other positions is carried out; and (5) after the beam-slab structure construction around the ventilation shaft is completed, performing the second step.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, step two alternates go on in step one under the condition that the operating mode allows, can effectively improve the efficiency of construction. For the construction of a multilayer underground space with a large construction range, the construction time of the first step is longer, the construction of a ventilation shaft and a formal ventilation machine room is carried out after the construction of the beam-slab structure of the first layer is completed, the construction of the next layer is started after ventilation facilities are prepared, the construction time can be prolonged to a certain extent, the construction of the beam-slab structure around the ventilation shaft is carried out first, so that the ventilation shaft and the formal ventilation machine room are installed first, and the ventilation shaft and the formal ventilation machine room are installed and inserted into the construction process of the beam-slab structure of the first layer, so that the construction time can be shortened; the beam-slab structure construction around the ventilating shaft is firstly carried out so as to install the ventilating shaft and the formal ventilator room in advance, and then the formal ventilator room can be started when the beam-slab structure construction of the rest positions is carried out, so that the ventilation of the construction position is realized, and a good construction environment is kept.
Optionally, the third step includes: s31, excavating the earth to a required depth; s32, pouring a cushion layer; s33, beam-slab structure construction; s34, removing the template support system after the template removal condition is met;
the fourth step comprises the following steps: s41, extending and constructing a ventilation shaft; s42, mounting a formal ventilator room;
step four, inserting the construction in step three, wherein in step three, the construction of the beam-slab structure below the ventilating shaft is firstly carried out, and then the construction of the beam-slab structures at other positions is carried out; and (5) after the beam-slab structure below the ventilation shaft is constructed, performing the step four.
By adopting the technical scheme, the construction of the middle layer is carried out according to the steps, and the construction efficiency can be effectively improved by inserting the step four into the step three.
Optionally, the method further comprises a sixth step of constructing a bottom layer, and the sixth step comprises: s61, excavating earth to a required depth; s62, constructing a bottom cushion layer and waterproofing; s63, constructing a foundation slab; and S6, extending and building the ventilating shaft, and installing a formal ventilating machine room.
On the other hand, the application also discloses a ventilation system for underground construction, which is used for the construction method.
A ventilation system for underground construction comprises a plurality of layers of underground spaces, ventilation shafts and formal ventilator rooms which are vertically distributed, wherein the bottom layer of each underground space is a construction layer, the rest layers of each underground space are finished layers, the ventilation shafts penetrate all the finished layers, the formal ventilator rooms are correspondingly installed on each finished layer, and the formal ventilator rooms are communicated with the ventilation shafts; still include the tuber pipe, the tuber pipe is installed on the formal fan room that closes on the construction layer, and the end of tuber pipe is towards the construction area on construction layer.
By adopting the technical scheme, the construction ventilating machine does not need to be dismantled after the construction is finished, and can be directly used as a ventilating system of a basement, thereby avoiding repeated investment, simplifying construction procedures and improving construction efficiency; the formal ventilator room for the ventilation of the construction layer is located in the completion layer of the upper layer of the construction layer, the length of the air pipe cannot be overlong, the ventilation efficiency can be guaranteed, the air quality of the construction environment can be better guaranteed, and the personal safety of workers is guaranteed.
Optionally, an activated carbon adsorption layer is installed at one end, close to the formal ventilator room, of the air pipe.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, air-purifying reduces the pollution or ensures to let in the quality of air in the construction area. In the basement construction, harmful gases affecting the air quality come from underground dissipated gases, waste gases discharged by operation of construction equipment and the like, if a formal ventilator room is used for ventilation in an exhaust mode, the discharge of the harmful gases can pollute the environment in the surrounding environment (urban area), and the construction pollution can be effectively reduced by arranging the activated carbon adsorption layer; if the formal ventilator room is used for ventilation in a near air inlet mode, harmful gas is discharged through a staircase, a soil taking port and a vertical pipe shaft hole, the harmful gas is discharged above a construction area, the formal ventilator room sucks new air from the upper part of the construction area, the hidden danger that the harmful gas is sucked into the construction area again exists, the ventilation effect is influenced, and the active carbon adsorption layer can be directly arranged to effectively prevent the situation; the active carbon adsorption layer is arranged at one end, close to the formal ventilator room, of the air pipe, and the wind power passing through the active carbon adsorption layer is strong enough, so that the influence of the active carbon adsorption layer on the ventilation efficiency is reduced.
Optionally, the formal ventilator room is a ventilation device exhausting air outwards.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, formal ventilator room takes a breath through outside carminative mode, and fresh air passes through the stairwell, fetches earth the mouth and vertical tube well hole gets into underground space, and old air is discharged from the ventilation shaft, and the harmful gas wherein then can be adsorbed to the active carbon adsorption layer, reduces the environmental pollution that the construction caused. If the gas in the construction area is changed to the mode of adopting the air admission, the air is brought to the top, and harmful gas passes through the stairwell, fetches earth the mouth and vertical tube well hole discharges, and this harmful gas content that only can effectively reduce the construction layer, but can cause the content increase of upper strata completion layer region harmful gas, is unfavorable for going on smoothly of underground construction.
Optionally, still include computer and harmful gas sensor of data UNICOM, the computer control formal ventilator room, the computer sets up on ground, harmful gas sensor sets up in the construction area on construction layer.
By adopting the technical scheme, the content of harmful gas in the construction area is automatically detected, the operation of the ventilation system is correspondingly controlled, the long-term operation of the ventilation system is not needed, and the energy consumption of the operation of the system is saved.
Optionally, an alarm linked with the harmful gas sensor is arranged in the formal ventilator room.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when harmful gas content is too high or harmful gas sensor trouble can't normally work, the siren is started immediately, informs the workman to leave the construction area, guarantees the operation safety.
In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. the construction of the ventilation shaft and the formal ventilator room is carried out in advance, and the conventional temporary ventilation machine is replaced, so that the repeated investment in the construction process is reduced, the whole construction process is simplified, the construction efficiency of an underground space is improved, the formal ventilator room has a better and stable ventilation effect, and the formal ventilator room can be installed layer by layer along with the construction depth, so that the air quality of a construction area can be effectively guaranteed, and the construction safety is ensured;
2. by inserting the second step in the construction of the first step and the fourth step in the construction of the third step, the construction process is optimized, the construction time is shortened, and the ventilation performance can be improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a construction environment according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a connection structure of the telescopic air duct in the embodiment of the present application.
Reference numerals: 1. a layer B1; 2. b2 layer; 3. a ventilation shaft; 4. a formal ventilator room; 5. an air duct; 6. constructing a layer; 7. a finishing layer; 8. a connecting pipe; 81. a flange; 9. an activated carbon adsorption layer; 10. a metal support frame.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to figures 1-2.
On one hand, the embodiment of the application discloses a multi-layer underground space reverse construction method, and with reference to fig. 1, the construction of pile foundations and enclosures and the construction of dewatering wells are firstly carried out before the construction; and then constructing the underground area, wherein the construction comprises the following steps:
step one, first-layer construction comprises the following steps: s11, excavating the first-layer earthwork, and excavating to a required depth by using an open excavation method; s12, pouring a cushion layer; s13, constructing a beam-slab structure; and S14, removing the template support system after the template removal condition is met.
And step two, constructing a ventilation system, comprising: s21, building a ventilation shaft 3 on the first floor; and S22, installing the formal ventilator room 4 on the first floor.
In order to improve the construction efficiency, the second step is carried out alternately in the first step, the beam-slab structure construction around the ventilating shaft 3 is carried out in the first step, and then the beam-slab structure construction of the rest positions is carried out; and after the beam-slab structure construction around the ventilating shaft 3 is completed, the step two is carried out to shorten the total construction time, and the formal ventilating machine room 4 for completing the installation can also ventilate for the construction area of the first floor, so that the construction environment is improved.
Step three, construction of the B1 layer 1 is carried out downwards on the basis of the first layer, and the construction method comprises the following steps: s31, excavating the earthwork of the layer 1B 1 to a required depth by a subsurface excavation method; s32, pouring a cushion layer; s33, beam-slab structure construction; and S34, removing the template support system after the template removal condition is met.
Before the B1 layer 1 construction is carried out, a telescopic air pipe 5 is arranged between the formal ventilator room 4 and a construction area, one end of the telescopic air pipe 5 is installed in the formal ventilator room 4, and the other end of the air pipe 5 faces the construction area of the B1 layer 1.
Step four, the extension construction of the ventilation system comprises the following steps: s41, extending the ventilation shaft 3 to the B1 layer 1; s42, installing a formal ventilator room 4 on the B1 layer 1;
in order to improve the construction efficiency, the fourth step is carried out in the third step in an alternating way, the beam-slab structure construction below the ventilating shaft 3 is firstly carried out in the third step, and then the beam-slab structure construction of the rest positions is carried out; and (5) after the beam-slab structure below the ventilation shaft 3 is constructed, performing the fourth step. And if the middle layer construction is continued downwards, repeating the construction contents of the third step and the fourth step on the corresponding layer, and completing the extension construction of the ventilation system of the corresponding layer.
Step five, construction of the B2 layer 2 is performed downwards on the basis of the B1 layer 1, and the construction method comprises the following steps: s51, excavating the earthwork of the layer 2B 2 to a required depth by using a subsurface excavation method; s52, pouring a cushion layer; s53, constructing a beam-slab structure; s54, removing the template support system after the template removal condition is met;
and when the downward construction needs to be continued, repeating the construction procedures of the fourth step and the fifth step on the corresponding construction layer 6 and the layer above the construction layer. And repeating the step four, and performing extension construction of the ventilation system in the B2 layer 2.
Before B2 layer 2 construction is carried out, the telescopic air pipe 5 is disassembled, the telescopic air pipe 5 is arranged between the formal ventilator room 4 of the B1 layer 1 and a construction area, one end of the telescopic air pipe 5 is installed in the formal ventilator room 4, and the other end of the air pipe 5 faces the construction area of the B2 layer 2. In the construction process, the steps are repeated, and the air pipe 5 moves downwards along with the construction area.
Step six, constructing a bottom layer, comprising: s61, excavating earth to a required depth by using a subsurface excavation method; s62, constructing a bottom cushion layer and waterproofing; s63, constructing a foundation slab; and S6, extending and building the ventilation shaft 3, and installing the formal ventilation machine room 4.
Before the bottom layer construction, the position of the telescopic air pipe 5 is transferred. When the bottom layer construction is carried out, the foundation bottom plate construction of the area below the ventilating shaft 3 can be carried out firstly, so that the ventilating shaft 3 is built in an extending way on the bottom layer, and the formal ventilating machine room 4 is installed.
The implementation principle of the multi-layer underground space reverse construction method disclosed by the embodiment of the application is as follows: the construction of the ventilation shaft 3 and the formal ventilation machine room 4 is carried out while the construction of the multi-layer underground space is carried out, the ventilation shaft 3 and the formal ventilation machine room 4 can be used as a temporary ventilation system for construction and also can be used as a ventilation system for a long time after the basement is built, and after the construction is finished, the ventilation system does not need to be dismantled and rebuilt, so that the repeated investment is avoided, the construction flow is simplified, and the construction efficiency of the basement is improved on the whole; in the construction process, the formal ventilator room 4 is installed from top to bottom along with the construction layer 6 and is arranged closely along with the construction area, so that the ventilation efficiency can be effectively guaranteed, and the ventilation performance of the formal ventilator room 4 is stable; the installation of the ventilation system and the construction process of the corresponding layer are alternated, so that the whole construction efficiency is improved, and the engineering period is shortened.
On the other hand, the application also discloses a ventilation system for underground construction, which is used for the construction method, and the ventilation system is shown in figure 1 and comprises a multi-layer underground space, a ventilation shaft 3, a formal ventilator room 4, a telescopic air pipe 5, a harmful gas sensor and a computer.
The bottom layer of the multi-layer underground space is a construction layer 6, the other layers are finished layers 7, and the ground is communicated with the construction layer 6 and the finished layers 7 are communicated with the construction layer 6 through hole structures such as soil taking openings, stair openings and the like; the ventilation shaft 3 penetrates through all the finished layers 7, a formal ventilator room 4 is correspondingly installed in each layer of finished engineering, and the formal ventilator room 4 is installed on one side of the ventilation shaft 3 and communicated with the ventilation shaft 3; the setting of flexible tuber pipe 5 is in completion layer 7 of the last one deck of construction layer 6, and the one end of flexible tuber pipe 5 is installed on formal fan room 4 in corresponding completion layer 7, and the other end of flexible tuber pipe 5 sets up towards the construction area of construction layer 6. The ventilation shaft 3, the formal ventilator room 4 and the telescopic air pipe 5 are used for realizing the gas replacement of the construction area. In this embodiment, when the formal ventilator room 4 is used as a temporary ventilation machine, air is replaced by exhausting air to the outside.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, an activated carbon adsorption layer 9 is installed at one end of the telescopic air duct 5 close to the formal ventilator room 4. One end of the telescopic air pipe 5, which is close to the formal ventilator room 4, is provided with 8 sections of connecting pipes made of stainless steel, one end of the 8 sections of connecting pipes, which is close to the telescopic air pipe 5, is inserted into the telescopic air pipe 5 and is bound and fixed by iron wires, and the other end of the 8 sections of connecting pipes is fixedly welded with a flange 81 structure and is fixedly connected with the formal ventilator room 4 through bolts; the active carbon adsorption layer 9 is fixed in the section of the connecting pipe 8 through bolts, one side, away from the telescopic air pipe 5, of the active carbon adsorption layer 9 is provided with a netted metal support frame 10, the edge of the metal support frame 10 is welded and fixed with a connecting plate, and the connecting plate is fixedly connected with the section of the connecting pipe 8 through bolts. The metal support frame 10 can support the activated carbon adsorption layer 9, and wind power is prevented from deforming the activated carbon adsorption layer 9, so that the whole pipeline cannot be covered.
The system also comprises a computer and a harmful gas sensor which are communicated with each other through data. The harmful gas sensor is a harmful gas content detection instrument which is arranged aiming at main harmful gases (CO, CO2, methane and the like) generated in the construction process, and is arranged in the construction area of the construction layer 6 and around the communication hole of the construction layer and the finished layer 7 on the upper layer; the computer is arranged on the ground and used for receiving the detection data of the harmful gas sensor, and the computer controls the opening and closing of the formal ventilator room 4 according to the content of the harmful gas, so that long-term starting is avoided, and energy consumption is reduced; ground personnel can also know the harmful gas concentration in the construction area at any time through the computer display screen, know the job site condition, prevent the occurence of failure.
The formal ventilator room 4 is internally provided with an alarm linked with the harmful gas sensor, and when the harmful gas sensor detects that the concentration of the harmful gas is too high or the normal work cannot be carried out due to faults, the alarm is started to remind workers of leaving the construction site, so that the operation safety is guaranteed.
The implementation principle of the multi-layer underground space reverse construction method disclosed by the embodiment of the application is as follows: an activated carbon adsorption layer 9 is arranged at one end of the telescopic air pipe 5 close to the formal ventilator room 4, so that harmful gases in the air are filtered, and the environmental pollution caused by ventilation is reduced; the formal ventilator room 4 is ventilated by exhausting air to the outside, fresh air enters from a soil taking port, a stair opening and the like above the underground space, old air in the underground construction space can be fully replaced, the air quality in the whole underground construction space is guaranteed, and the personal safety of underground construction personnel is effectively guaranteed; through setting up computer, harmful gas sensor and siren, realize formal fan room 4 automatic start-stop, reduce the energy consumption, can realize harmful gas's real time monitoring simultaneously, further ensure construction safety.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: equivalent changes in structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (9)
1. A multi-layer underground space reverse construction method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, constructing a first layer;
step two, a ventilation shaft (3) is built on the first floor, and a formal ventilation machine room (4) communicated with the ventilation shaft (3) is installed on the first floor;
constructing the layer B1, and installing an air pipe (5) in a formal ventilator room (4) on the first layer to lead to the construction position of the layer B1;
step four, continuing to extend downwards on the layer B1 (1) to build the ventilating shaft (3), and installing a formal ventilating machine room (4) communicated with the ventilating shaft (3) on the layer B1 (1);
constructing the B2 layer (2), and installing an air pipe (5) in a formal ventilator room (4) of the B1 layer (1) to lead to the construction position of the B2 layer (2);
and when the downward construction needs to be continued, repeating the construction steps of the fourth step and the fifth step on the corresponding construction layer (6) and the layer above the corresponding construction layer.
2. The multi-layer underground space reverse construction method according to claim 1, wherein the first step comprises: s11, excavating the first layer of earthwork to a required depth; s12, pouring a cushion layer; s13, constructing a beam-slab structure; s14, removing the template support system after the template removal condition is met;
the second step comprises the following steps: s21, constructing a ventilation shaft (3); s22, installing a formal ventilator room (4);
step two is carried out in the step one in a penetrating way, the beam-slab structure construction around the ventilating shaft (3) is carried out in the step one, and then the beam-slab structure construction of the rest positions is carried out; and (5) after the beam-slab structure around the ventilation shaft (3) is constructed, performing the step two.
3. The multi-layer underground space reverse construction method according to claim 2, wherein the third step comprises: s31, excavating the earth to a required depth; s32, pouring a cushion layer; s33, constructing a beam-slab structure; s34, removing the template support system after the template removal condition is met;
the fourth step comprises: s41, extending and constructing the ventilation shaft (3); s42, installing a formal ventilator room (4);
step four, inserting into step three, wherein in step three, the construction of the beam-slab structure below the ventilating shaft (3) is firstly carried out, and then the construction of the beam-slab structures at other positions is carried out; and (4) after the beam-slab structure below the ventilation shaft (3) is constructed, performing the step four.
4. The construction method of the multilayer underground space reverse construction method according to claim 3, further comprising a sixth step of constructing a bottom layer, comprising: s61, excavating earth to a required depth; s62, constructing a bottom cushion layer and waterproofing; s63, constructing a foundation slab; s6, the ventilating shaft (3) is constructed in an extending mode, and the formal ventilating machine room (4) is installed.
5. A ventilation system for underground construction used for the construction method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized by comprising a plurality of layers of underground spaces, a ventilation shaft (3) and a formal ventilation machine room (4) which are vertically distributed, wherein the bottom layer of the underground space is a construction layer (6), the rest layers of the underground space are finished layers (7), the ventilation shaft (3) penetrates through all the finished layers (7), each finished layer (7) is correspondingly provided with the formal ventilation machine room (4), and the formal ventilation machine room (4) is communicated with the ventilation shaft (3); still include tuber pipe (5), on formal ventilator room (4) that tuber pipe (5) were installed near construction layer (6), the construction region of the terminal orientation construction layer (6) of tuber pipe (5).
6. The construction method of the multilayer underground space reverse construction method according to the claim 5, characterized in that an activated carbon adsorption layer (9) is installed at one end of the air pipe (5) close to the formal ventilator room (4).
7. The multi-story underground space reverse construction method according to claim 6, wherein the formal ventilator room (4) is a ventilator that exhausts air to the outside.
8. The multi-layer underground space reverse-construction-method construction method according to claim 7, further comprising a computer and a harmful gas sensor which are in data communication, wherein the computer controls the formal ventilator room (4), the computer is arranged on the ground, and the harmful gas sensor is arranged in a construction area of the construction layer (6).
9. The multi-storey underground space reverse construction method according to claim 8, wherein an alarm linked with the harmful gas sensor is provided in the formal ventilator room (4).
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