CN115341122A - Aluminum alloy material with microscopic grain structure for optical device and injection molding process thereof - Google Patents
Aluminum alloy material with microscopic grain structure for optical device and injection molding process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115341122A CN115341122A CN202211007624.7A CN202211007624A CN115341122A CN 115341122 A CN115341122 A CN 115341122A CN 202211007624 A CN202211007624 A CN 202211007624A CN 115341122 A CN115341122 A CN 115341122A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/115—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by spraying molten metal, i.e. spray sintering, spray casting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/0408—Light metal alloys
- C22C1/0416—Aluminium-based alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
- B22F2003/248—Thermal after-treatment
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Abstract
The invention discloses an aluminum alloy material with a microscopic grain structure for optical devices and high-temperature high-strength application occasions and a spray forming process thereof, aiming at achieving micron-grade tissue granularity of a melt spinning process product, the invention obtains the tissue granularity of about 4 microns by improving an atomizer, has gap aiming at the tissue granularity, improves the proportion of the aluminum alloy material for making up the particle size gap, adds Ti and Mg elements on the basis of the original RSA905 aluminum alloy, and adds a composite rare earth refining agent in the melting process, so that the performance of the prepared aluminum alloy material is close to that of the melt spinning process product.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy materials, in particular to an aluminum alloy material with a microscopic grain structure for an optical device and a spray forming process thereof.
Background
At present, materials of metal mirrors applied to optical devices, such as space telescopes, infrared observation equipment, laser radars and the like, generally adopt RSA905 aluminum alloy produced by a melt spinning process, in the melt spinning process, molten aluminum is poured on a copper wheel rotating rapidly to solidify rapidly, and a complete metal band is formed at 20 ℃ almost instantaneously, so that a uniform crystal structure of the aluminum alloy can be stored in the materials, the term "rapid solidification" is originated from that when the aluminum is contacted with a cooling wheel, the temperature is reduced by about one million ℃ per second, the prepared metal band is cut into small blocks, and the small blocks are converted into processable products through a plurality of production steps, so that a micron-sized microscopic crystal grain structure can be obtained, and a highly flat surface is processed;
however, the melt spinning process is complex, the processing difficulty is high, the price is high, and the price of the product per kilogram is about 1700 yuan per thousand at present, so the invention aims to provide a substitute process with relatively low cost for avoiding the defect of high price in the prior art, and simultaneously achieve the material performance close to the material performance index of the melt spinning process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defect of high price in the prior art, provide a relatively low-cost alternative process and simultaneously achieve the material performance close to the material performance index of the melt spinning process.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
an aluminum alloy material used for optical devices and having a microscopic grain structure comprises the following components in parts by weight:
fe:2-3 parts of a solvent; ni:4-6 parts; cu:2-3.5 parts; mn:1 part; mo:0.8 part; zr:0.8 part; ti:0.3-0.6 part; mg:0.6-1 part; composite rare earth refining agent: 0.2-0.6 part; the balance being Al.
The aluminum alloy material used for the optical device and having the microscopic grain structure comprises the following components in parts by weight:
fe:2.5 parts; ni:5 parts of a mixture; cu:2.5 parts; mn:1 part; mo:0.8 part; zr:0.8 part; ti:0.6 part; mg:0.8 part; composite rare earth refining agent: 0.3 part; the balance being Al.
In the aluminum alloy material for the optical device and having the microscopic grain structure, the composite rare earth refining agent is La and Ce.
A spray forming process of an aluminum alloy material with a micro-grain structure for an optical device comprises the following steps,
step (A), preparing materials, namely taking the following components in parts by weight for later use: fe:2-3 parts; ni:4-6 parts; cu:2-3.5 parts; mn:1 part; mo:0.8 part; zr:0.8 part; ti:0.3-0.6 part; mg:0.6-1 part; composite rare earth refining agent: 0.2-0.6 part; the balance of Al;
adding metal materials except the composite rare earth refining agent into a smelting furnace, and adding the composite rare earth refining agent after the metal materials are molten to obtain a melt raw material;
step (C), introducing the melt raw material into a jet forming device, reducing the structure granularity of the melt raw material during jet through a special atomizer of the jet forming device, and injecting the melt raw material into a mold through the jet forming device under certain processing conditions to prepare an aluminum alloy ingot blank;
cutting off the head and the tail of the aluminum alloy ingot blank, turning the outer skin to prepare a blank to be extruded, and moving the blank to be extruded to a 1200-ton extruder to extrude to prepare an aluminum alloy rod;
and (E) quenching the aluminum alloy rod, and then naturally aging to obtain a finished product.
In the injection molding process of the aluminum alloy material with the micro-grain structure for the optical device, in the step (a), the following components and parts by weight of the components are taken for standby: fe:2.5 parts; ni:5 parts of a mixture; cu:2.5 parts; mn:1 part; mo:0.8 part; zr:0.8 part; ti:0.6 part; mg:0.8 part; composite rare earth refining agent: 0.3 part; the balance being Al.
In the injection molding process of the aluminum alloy material for the optical device and having the micro-grain structure, in the step (B), the metal material is added into the melting furnace and melted to 880 ℃, and the composite rare earth refining agent is added.
In the injection molding process of the aluminum alloy material for the optical device, which has the micro-grain structure, in the step (C), the atomization grade of the special atomizer is two-stage atomization.
In the injection molding process of the aluminum alloy material for the optical device and having the micro-grain structure, in the step (C), the structure grain size of the melt raw material is reduced to 1-6 microns by a special atomizer of the injection molding equipment.
In the injection molding process of the aluminum alloy material for an optical device and having a micro-grain structure, in the step (C), the processing conditions for injecting the melt raw material into the mold by the injection molding equipment are as follows:
compressing gas: argon gas; pressure of compressed gas: 0.65Mpa; injection temperature: 850 ℃; the injection flow rate is as follows: 3.5Kg/M; the nozzle swing frequency is 16Hz; the mold speed was 0.5Hz.
In the injection molding process of the aluminum alloy material with a microscopic grain structure for an optical device, in the step (E), the quenching treatment and the natural aging treatment of the aluminum alloy rod are performed by the following steps: and (3) quenching in water when the temperature of the aluminum alloy rod is reduced to 480 ℃, and moving the aluminum alloy rod to the outdoor under natural conditions after quenching is finished to eliminate or reduce the residual stress of the aluminum alloy rod.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: in order to achieve the micron-sized tissue granularity of a melt spinning process product, the invention obtains the tissue granularity of about 4 microns by improving the atomizer, the difference exists in the tissue granularity, the proportion of the aluminum alloy material is improved by compensating the granularity difference, ti and Mg elements are added on the basis of the original RSA905 aluminum alloy, and a composite rare earth refining agent is added in the smelting process, so that the performance of the prepared aluminum alloy material is close to the performance of the melt spinning process product.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
The invention relates to an aluminum alloy material with a microscopic grain structure for an optical device, which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
fe:2-3 parts of a solvent; ni:4-6 parts; cu:2-3.5 parts; mn:1 part; mo:0.8 part; zr:0.8 part; ti:0.3-0.6 part; mg:0.6-1 part; composite rare earth refining agent: 0.2-0.6 part; the balance of Al;
in the traditional melt spinning process, molten aluminum is poured onto a copper wheel which rotates rapidly to be solidified rapidly to prepare a metal band with a microscopic grain structure, an atomizer is improved to obtain a tissue granularity of about 4 microns, the tissue granularity is different, in order to make up for the grain size difference, ti and Mg elements are added on the basis of the original RSA905 aluminum alloy, and a composite rare earth refining agent is added in the smelting process to realize rapid solidification, so that an aluminum alloy material with the performance of a melt spinning process product is prepared;
the Ti element is added to improve the hardness of the aluminum alloy material, the Mg element is added to form an Mg2Cu strengthening phase, and the composite rare earth refining agent is added, so that firstly, degassing is carried out to reduce the content of hydrogen and oxygen, gaps are reduced, secondly, an interface is formed by the composite rare earth refining agent and the alloy components of the aluminum alloy material, the tendency of preventing crystal grains from growing is generated, the speed of converting a liquid phase into a solid phase is improved, and the solidification speed is increased;
the aluminum alloy material for the optical device and having the micro-crystalline structure, disclosed by the invention, comprises the following components in parts by weight:
fe:2.5 parts; ni:5 parts of a mixture; cu:2.5 parts; mn:1 part; mo:0.8 part; zr:0.8 part; ti:0.6 part; mg:0.8 part; composite rare earth refining agent: 0.3 part; the balance of Al; wherein, the composite rare earth refining agent is La and Ce, and the proportion of the La to the Ce is 1;
in the above composition, fe represents an iron element, ni represents a nickel element, cu represents a copper element, mn represents a manganese element, mo represents a molybdenum element, zr represents a zirconium element, ti represents a titanium element, mg represents a magnesium element, al represents an aluminum element, la represents a lanthanum element, and Ce represents a cerium element;
the tensile strength of the aluminum alloy material prepared according to the proportion is 540Mpa, the hardness is HB155, while the tensile strength of the original RSA905 aluminum alloy is 550Mpa, and the hardness is HB 160, so that the performance of the prepared aluminum alloy material is close to that of a melt spinning process product.
The injection molding process of the aluminum alloy material with the micro-grain structure for the optical device comprises the following steps,
step (A), preparing materials, namely taking the following components in parts by weight for later use: fe:2-3 parts of a solvent; ni:4-6 parts; cu:2-3.5 parts; mn:1 part; mo:0.8 part; zr:0.8 part; ti:0.3-0.6 part; mg:0.6-1 part; composite rare earth refining agent: 0.2-0.6 part; the balance of Al;
in specific implementation, in the step (A), the following components are taken and used in parts by weight: fe:2.5 parts; ni:5 parts of a mixture; cu:2.5 parts; mn:1 part; mo:0.8 part; zr:0.8 part; ti:0.6 part; mg:0.8 part; composite rare earth refining agent: 0.3 part; the balance being Al.
Adding metal materials except the composite rare earth refining agent into a smelting furnace, and adding the composite rare earth refining agent after the metal materials are molten to obtain a melt raw material;
in the step (B), adding the metal material into a smelting furnace, and adding a composite rare earth refining agent when the metal material is molten to 880 ℃;
introducing a melt raw material into a spray forming device, reducing the structure granularity of the melt raw material during spraying through a special atomizer of the spray forming device, and injecting the melt raw material into a mould through the spray forming device under certain processing conditions to prepare an aluminum alloy ingot blank with the diameter of 190mm and the length of 700mm;
in the step (C), the atomization level of the special atomizer is two-stage atomization, the atomization level of the traditional atomizer is one-stage atomization, the particle size of the fog drops is generally about 16 micrometers, the special atomizer is designed by improving the combination mode of the atomizers to reduce the particle size of the fog drops, and the structure granularity of the melt raw material during injection is reduced to 1-6 micrometers, generally about 4 micrometers, by the special atomizer of the injection molding equipment;
the processing conditions of jetting the melt raw material into the die by the jet forming equipment are as follows:
compressing gas: argon gas; pressure of compressed gas: 0.65MPa; injection temperature: 850 ℃; the injection flow rate is as follows: 3.5Kg/M; the nozzle swing frequency is 16Hz; the rotating speed of the die is 0.5Hz;
cutting off the head and the tail of the aluminum alloy ingot blank, turning the outer skin to prepare a blank to be extruded, wherein the diameter of the pressed blank is 180 mm, and then moving the blank to be extruded to a 1200-ton extruder to extrude the blank to prepare an aluminum alloy rod, wherein the diameter of the aluminum alloy rod is 14 mm;
step (E), quenching the aluminum alloy rod, and then performing natural aging treatment to obtain a finished product;
in the step (E), the quenching treatment and the natural aging treatment of the aluminum alloy rod are carried out in the following processes: and (3) quenching in water when the temperature of the aluminum alloy rod is reduced to 480 ℃, and moving the aluminum alloy rod to the outside of the room under natural conditions after quenching is finished to eliminate or reduce the residual stress of the aluminum alloy rod.
In conclusion, according to the aluminum alloy material with the microscopic grain structure for the optical device and the injection molding process thereof, the tissue granularity of about 4 microns is obtained by improving the atomizer, the difference exists in the tissue granularity, in order to make up the granularity difference and improve the proportion of the aluminum alloy material, ti and Mg elements are added on the basis of the original RSA905 aluminum alloy, and a composite rare earth refining agent is added in the smelting process, so that the performance of the prepared aluminum alloy material is close to that of a melt spinning process product, the process treatment difficulty is reduced, the comprehensive cost is only one fifth of that of melt spinning, the cost is saved, and the product price is reduced.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, principal features and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are given by way of illustration of the principles of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such changes and modifications are within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. An aluminum alloy material used for optical devices and having a microscopic grain structure is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
fe:2-3 parts; ni:4-6 parts; cu:2-3.5 parts; mn:1 part; mo:0.8 part; zr:0.8 part; ti:0.3-0.6 part; mg:0.6-1 part; composite rare earth refining agent: 0.2-0.6 part; the balance being Al.
2. The aluminum alloy material with a micro-grain structure for optical devices as claimed in claim 1, which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
fe:2.5 parts; ni:5 parts of a mixture; cu:2.5 parts; mn:1 part; mo:0.8 part; zr:0.8 part; ti:0.6 part; mg:0.8 part; composite rare earth refining agent: 0.3 part; the balance being Al.
3. The aluminum alloy material for optical devices having a micro-grain structure according to claim 3, wherein the complex rare earth refining agent is La and Ce.
4. A spray forming process of an aluminum alloy material with a micro-grain structure for an optical device is characterized by comprising the following steps,
step (A), preparing materials, namely taking the following components in parts by weight for later use: fe:2-3 parts of a solvent; ni:4-6 parts; cu:2-3.5 parts; mn:1 part; mo:0.8 part; zr:0.8 part; ti:0.3-0.6 part; mg:0.6-1 part; composite rare earth refining agent: 0.2-0.6 part; the balance of Al;
adding metal materials except the composite rare earth refining agent into a smelting furnace, and adding the composite rare earth refining agent after the metal materials are molten to obtain a melt raw material;
step (C), introducing the melt raw material into a jet forming device, reducing the structure granularity of the melt raw material during jet by a special atomizer of the jet forming device, and jetting the melt raw material by the jet forming device under certain processing conditions to prepare an aluminum alloy ingot blank;
cutting off the head and the tail of the aluminum alloy ingot blank, turning the outer skin to prepare a blank to be extruded, and moving the blank to be extruded to an extruder to extrude to prepare an aluminum alloy rod;
and (E) quenching the aluminum alloy rod, and then naturally aging to obtain a finished product.
5. The injection molding process of an aluminum alloy material with a micro-grain structure for optical devices as claimed in claim 4, wherein in the step (A), the following components and the parts by weight of each component are taken for standby: fe:2.5 parts; ni:5 parts of a mixture; cu:2.5 parts; mn:1 part; mo:0.8 part; zr:0.8 part; ti:0.6 part; mg:0.8 part; composite rare earth refining agent: 0.3 part; the balance being Al.
6. The injection molding process of an aluminum alloy material with a micro-grain structure for optical devices as claimed in claim 4, wherein in the step (B), the compound rare earth refining agent is added when the metal material is added into a melting furnace to be melted to 880 ℃.
7. The spray forming process for an aluminum alloy material with a micro-grain structure for an optical device as claimed in claim 4, wherein in the step (C), the atomization grade of the special atomizer is two-stage atomization.
8. The spray forming process for an aluminum alloy material with a micro-grain structure for optical devices as claimed in claim 4, wherein in the step (C), the structure grain size of the melt raw material at the time of spraying is reduced to 1-6 μm by a special atomizer of the spray forming apparatus.
9. The process of claim 4, wherein in step (C), the injection molding device injects the molten material under the following conditions:
compressing gas: argon gas; pressure of compressed gas: 0.6-1.2Mpa; injection temperature: 850 ℃; and (3) spraying flow rate: 3.5Kg/M; the nozzle swing frequency is 16Hz; the mold speed was 0.5Hz.
10. The spray forming process of the aluminum alloy material with the micro-grain structure for the optical device as claimed in claim 4, wherein in the step (E), the quenching treatment and the natural aging treatment of the aluminum alloy rod are carried out by the following steps: and (3) quenching in water when the temperature of the aluminum alloy rod is reduced to 480 ℃, and moving the aluminum alloy rod to the outside of the room under natural conditions after quenching is finished to eliminate or reduce the residual stress of the aluminum alloy rod.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211007624.7A CN115341122A (en) | 2022-08-22 | 2022-08-22 | Aluminum alloy material with microscopic grain structure for optical device and injection molding process thereof |
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| CN202211007624.7A CN115341122A (en) | 2022-08-22 | 2022-08-22 | Aluminum alloy material with microscopic grain structure for optical device and injection molding process thereof |
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2022
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