CN115338463A - Taper ball end mill and chip dividing groove design method thereof - Google Patents
Taper ball end mill and chip dividing groove design method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115338463A CN115338463A CN202210863049.4A CN202210863049A CN115338463A CN 115338463 A CN115338463 A CN 115338463A CN 202210863049 A CN202210863049 A CN 202210863049A CN 115338463 A CN115338463 A CN 115338463A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
- B23C5/02—Milling-cutters characterised by the shape of the cutter
- B23C5/10—Shank-type cutters, i.e. with an integral shaft
- B23C5/1009—Ball nose end mills
- B23C5/1018—Ball nose end mills with permanently fixed cutting inserts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C2210/00—Details of milling cutters
- B23C2210/40—Flutes, i.e. chip conveying grooves
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Abstract
The invention discloses a taper ball end mill and a chip dividing groove design method thereof, wherein the taper ball end mill comprises a bottom edge, a peripheral edge and a handle part; the peripheral edge comprises a chip groove, a first rear cutter face, a second rear cutter face and a chip dividing groove; the intersection of the chip flute and the first rear cutter face forms a cutting edge; the chip dividing groove is arranged between the first rear cutter face and the second rear cutter face; the axial symmetry line of the chip dividing groove is perpendicular to the direction of the central line of the cutter, the width of the chip dividing groove is continuously increased from the first rear cutter face to the second rear cutter face along the axial symmetry line of the chip dividing groove, the depth of the chip dividing groove in a plane perpendicular to the first rear cutter face is constant, the optimal size and tolerance of the chip dividing groove are determined by adopting an orthogonal analysis method and a single-factor analysis method, the width of the chip dividing groove is continuously increased from the cutting edge along the direction perpendicular to the cutting edge, and the phenomenon that the rear end of the chip dividing groove interferes with the front end to cause cutter vibration is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of end mills, in particular to a taper ball end mill and a design method of a chip separation groove of the taper ball end mill.
Background
The taper ball end mill is widely applied to the processing of key parts such as impellers, blade discs, casings and the like in the aerospace industry. With the great investment of the country to the aerospace industry, the market demand of the taper ball end mill is increased at a rapid pace with the industry. For parts needing large cutting and deep processing, a chip separation groove is designed on the taper ball end mill so as to reduce cutting force and enhance chip removal capacity. However, for materials which are difficult to process, such as titanium alloy, high-temperature alloy, high-strength steel and the like, the conventional taper ball end mill with the chip dividing groove has the following problems:
1. because the taper ball head is widely used for curved surface profiling milling, and because of the taper, the diameter of the cutter is continuously increased along the axial direction from the bottom edge, the conventional chip dividing groove design can generate the risk that the rear end of the chip dividing groove interferes with the front end, so that the cutter generates vibration, and the surface quality of a workpiece is reduced;
2. the chip dividing groove of the conventional taper ball-end milling cutter is designed to reduce cutting force and enhance chip removal capacity, the shape design of the chip dividing groove directly influences the heat dissipation condition and the strength of a cutter, and a chip dividing groove design method taking the function of the cutter as a guide is still lacked at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a taper ball end mill and a design method of a chip dividing groove thereof, which overcome the defects of the design method of the chip dividing groove of the taper ball end mill in the prior art, and on one hand, the width of the chip dividing groove of the taper ball end mill is set to be continuously increased from a cutting edge along the direction vertical to the cutting edge, so that the rear end of the chip dividing groove is prevented from interfering with the front end to cause tool vibration; on the other hand, the optimal matching of the structural parameters of the chip dividing groove is obtained by adopting an orthogonal analysis method; based on the optimal matching result of the chip groove structural parameters, the tolerance of the chip groove structural parameters is obtained by adopting a single-factor analysis method, so that the chip groove performance of the cutter is improved remarkably, and the production efficiency of the ball-end milling cutter is improved.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
on one hand, the taper ball end mill comprises a bottom edge, a peripheral edge and a handle part; the peripheral edge comprises a chip flute, a first rear cutter face, a second rear cutter face and a chip dividing flute; the intersection of the chip flute and the first rear cutter face forms a cutting edge; the chip separation groove is arranged between the first rear cutter face and the second rear cutter face; the axial symmetry line perpendicular to cutter central line direction of chip dividing groove, the width of chip dividing groove is followed chip dividing groove axial symmetry line constantly increases first back knife face to second back knife face direction, in the perpendicular to in the plane of first back knife face, the inslot degree of depth of chip dividing groove is unchangeable.
Preferably, the chip dividing groove adopts the following design method:
obtaining the optimal matching of the structural parameters of the chip dividing groove by adopting an orthogonal analysis method and a finite element simulation method;
and (3) obtaining the tolerance of the structural parameters of the chip dividing groove by adopting a single-factor analysis method and a finite element simulation method based on the optimal matching result of the structural parameters of the chip dividing groove.
Preferably, the optimal matching of the structural parameters of the chip dividing groove is obtained by adopting an orthogonal analysis method and a finite element simulation method, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
determining a test scheme by adopting an orthogonal design table according to the number of chip separation groove structure parameters and the correlation condition among the parameters;
adopting a finite element simulation method, intercepting the part with the minimum core diameter/edge diameter value of a complete chip dividing groove as a simulation model, carrying out milling simulation according to a determined test scheme, and taking the cutting edge stress as a judgment reference;
according to the pole difference analysis of the orthogonal test, the influence degree of the chip dividing groove structure parameters on the cutting edge stress is determined, the most significant influence structure parameters are found out, and the best matching result of the chip dividing groove structure parameters is obtained according to a structure parameter-stress curve.
Preferably, the structural parameters of the chip dividing groove comprise: front end width W min Rear end width W max Length L and depth H, the rear end width W max Is greater than the front end width W min 。
Preferably, the orthogonal analysis method adopts a four-factor three-level orthogonal design table, and the four factors comprise a front end width W min Rear end, rear end width W max Length L and depth H.
Preferably, the front end width W min Rear end width W max The ranges of length L and depth H are as follows: w is not less than 0.05mm min ≤0.2mm，0.1mm≤W max Less than or equal to 0.5mm; l is more than or equal to 0.03D and less than or equal to 0.2D, and D represents the diameter of the bottom edge of the taper ball end mill; h is more than or equal to 0.2mm and less than or equal to 1mm.
Preferably, based on the best matching result of the structural parameters of the chip dividing groove, the tolerance of the structural parameters of the chip dividing groove is obtained by adopting a single-factor analysis method and a finite element simulation method, and the tolerance comprises the following steps:
based on the optimal matching result of the structural parameters of the chip dividing groove, a single-factor analysis method is adopted, three parameters are set as fixed values, the other parameter is equally divided into five values, finite element simulation is carried out, and parameter stress variation is verified;
and determining an acceptable stress variation range by taking the maximum value of the cutting edge stress of the median of the five parameter average values as a reference, and finally taking the parameter value in the stress variation range as the tolerance of the parameter.
On the other hand, the design method of the taper ball end mill chip dividing groove comprises the following steps:
obtaining the optimal matching of the structural parameters of the chip dividing groove by adopting an orthogonal analysis method and a finite element simulation method;
and (3) obtaining the tolerance of the structural parameters of the chip dividing groove by adopting a single-factor analysis method and a finite element simulation method based on the optimal matching result of the structural parameters of the chip dividing groove.
Preferably, the optimal matching of the structural parameters of the chip dividing groove is obtained by adopting an orthogonal analysis method and a finite element simulation method, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
determining a test scheme by adopting an orthogonal design table according to the number of chip separation groove structure parameters and the correlation condition among the parameters;
adopting a finite element simulation method, intercepting the part with the minimum core diameter/edge diameter value of a complete chip dividing groove as a simulation model, carrying out milling simulation according to a determined test scheme, and taking the cutting edge stress as a judgment reference;
according to the pole difference analysis of the orthogonal test, determining the influence degree of the chip dividing groove structure parameters on the cutting edge stress, finding out the most significant influence structure parameters, and obtaining the optimal matching result of the chip dividing groove structure parameters according to a structure parameter-stress curve.
Preferably, based on the best matching result of the structural parameters of the chip dividing groove, the tolerance of the structural parameters of the chip dividing groove is obtained by adopting a single-factor analysis method and a finite element simulation method, and the tolerance comprises the following steps:
based on the optimal matching result of the structural parameters of the chip dividing groove, a single-factor analysis method is adopted, three parameters are set as fixed values, the other parameter is equally divided into five values, finite element simulation is carried out, and parameter stress variation is verified;
and determining an acceptable stress variation range by taking the maximum value of the cutting edge stress of the median of the five parameter average values as a reference, and finally taking the parameter value in the stress variation range as the tolerance of the parameter.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The width of the chip separation groove of the taper ball end mill is continuously increased from the cutting edge along the direction vertical to the cutting edge, so that the rear end of the chip separation groove is prevented from interfering with the front end to cause tool vibration;
(2) The chip dividing groove design of the invention takes the strength of the cutter as a judgment standard, adopts an orthogonal analysis method and utilizes simulation analysis to obtain the optimal matching parameters of the width, the length and the depth of the front end and the rear end of the chip dividing groove, so that the chip dividing groove can obviously improve the performance of the cutter;
(3) The chip dividing groove design takes the cutter strength as a judgment standard, adopts a single-factor analysis method and utilizes simulation analysis to respectively obtain the processing tolerance ranges of the front end width, the rear end width, the length and the depth of the chip dividing groove, and the precision is not excessive while the stability of the cutter performance of the ball-end mill is ensured, so that the production efficiency of the ball-end mill is improved, and the cost is reduced.
The above description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and the embodiments of the present invention are described below in order to make the technical means of the present invention more clearly understood, and to make the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent.
The above and other objects, advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description of specific embodiments thereof, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a tapered ball nose end mill according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a peripheral edge of a tapered ball nose end mill in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a rear tool face and a chip dividing groove of the tapered ball end mill according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a common section of a chip dividing groove according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic projection of a first relief surface of a chip divider pocket in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic C-C cross-sectional view of a chip divider slot according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a flow chart of a method for designing a taper ball nose end mill chip flutes according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the taper ball nose end mill edge and core diameters of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a simulation of a tapered ball nose end mill in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a cutting stress simulation of a tapered ball nose end mill according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 shows the width W of the front end of a chip dividing groove according to an embodiment of the present invention min A graph relating to stress variation;
FIG. 12 shows the rear end width W of a chip dividing groove according to an embodiment of the present invention max A graph relating to stress variation;
FIG. 13 is a graph illustrating the relationship between the length L of the chip dividing groove and the stress variation according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 14 is a graph of flute depth H versus stress variation for an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a graph showing the maximum stress variation of the cutting edge according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiment of the present invention; it is to be understood that the embodiments described are merely exemplary of the invention, and that all other embodiments that can be made by one skilled in the art without inventive faculty are within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a … …" does not exclude the presence of another identical element in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, a tapered ball nose end mill includes a bottom edge 1, a peripheral edge 2, and a shank 3; the peripheral edge 2 comprises a chip flute 4, a first rear cutter face 5, a second rear cutter face 6 and a chip dividing flute 8; the intersection of the chip flute 4 and the first flank 5 constitutes a cutting edge 7; the chip dividing groove 8 is arranged between the first rear cutter face 5 and the second rear cutter face 6; the axial symmetry line perpendicular to cutter central line direction of chip separation groove 8, the width of chip separation groove 8 is followed 8 axial symmetry lines of chip separation groove 5 constantly increase to 6 directions of second back knife face, at the perpendicular to in the plane of first back knife face 5, the inslot degree of depth of chip separation groove 8 is unchangeable.
Specifically, referring to fig. 2, the structural parameters of the chip dividing groove 8 are based on the projection of the common tangent plane of the front and rear first rear tool surfaces 5 of the chip dividing groove 8, and the axial symmetry line of the chip dividing groove 8 is perpendicular to the tool center linebase:Sub>A-base:Sub>A. When the cutting edge 7 is worn in the machining process, the width of the front end of the chip dividing groove 8 is increased, and if the conventional design of fixing the groove width of the chip dividing groove 8 is adopted, the risk of interference with machining allowance exists at the rear end of the chip dividing groove 8, so that the cutter generates vibration, the service life of the cutter is shortened, and the quality of a machined surface is reduced.
Therefore, the width of the chip dividing groove 8 is designed to be widened, and the chip dividing groove has an automatic compensation function. Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the width W of the chip dividing groove 8 increases from the cutting edge along the axial symmetry line B-B of the chip dividing groove 8 from the first flank 5 to the second flank 6, so that the front end width is Wmin, the rear end width is Wmax, and the length of the chip dividing groove 8 is L. In a plane perpendicular to the first flank 5, the depth of the chip separation groove 8 is H, and the depth in the groove is constant. Where F1 is the projected width of the first flank face 5 and F2 is the projected width of the second flank face 6.
Referring to fig. 7, in order to improve the performance of the chip separation groove on the tool significantly, and to ensure the stable performance of the ball nose end mill tool, and to improve the production efficiency of the ball nose end mill and reduce the cost, the chip separation groove is designed by the following method:
s701, obtaining the optimal matching of the structural parameters of the chip dividing groove by adopting an orthogonal analysis method and a finite element simulation method;
and S702, obtaining the tolerance of the chip dividing groove structure parameters by adopting a single-factor analysis method and a finite element simulation method based on the optimal matching result of the chip dividing groove structure parameters.
Specifically, the method for obtaining the optimal matching of the structural parameters of the chip dividing groove by adopting an orthogonal analysis method and a finite element simulation method specifically comprises the following steps:
determining a test scheme by adopting an orthogonal design table according to the number of chip separation groove structure parameters and the correlation condition among the parameters;
adopting a finite element simulation method, intercepting the part with the minimum core diameter/edge diameter value of a complete chip dividing groove as a simulation model, carrying out milling simulation according to a determined test scheme, and taking the cutting edge stress as a judgment reference;
according to the pole difference analysis of the orthogonal test, determining the influence degree of the chip dividing groove structure parameters on the cutting edge stress, finding out the most significant influence structure parameters, and obtaining the optimal matching result of the chip dividing groove structure parameters according to a structure parameter-stress curve.
In the embodiment, in order to obtain the optimal matching of the structural parameters of the chip separating groove, the influence of the change of the parameters of the cutter on the service life of the cutter is analyzed by adopting an orthogonal analysis method. The structural parameters of the chip dividing groove in the embodiment comprise the width W of the front end min Rear end width W max Length L and depth H, and are independent variables, so a four-factor three-level orthogonal design table is used.
According to the actual production requirement, the front end width W is preset min Rear end width W max The ranges of length L and depth H are set as follows:
(1)0.05mm≤W min ≤0.2mm，W min when the diameter is less than 0.05mm, the width of the chip dividing groove is too small, the chip breaking effect is reduced, and chip blocking is easily caused; w min When the thickness is more than 0.2mm, the width of the chip dividing groove is too large, the strength of the cutter is reduced, and the cutter is easy to vibrate;
(2)0.1mm≤W max ≤0.5mm，W max when the thickness is less than 0.1mm, the width of the chip dividing groove is too small, the chip breaking effect is reduced, and chip blocking is easy to generate; w max When the thickness is more than 0.5mm, the width of the chip dividing groove is too large, the strength of the cutter is reduced, and the cutter is easy to vibrate;
(3) L is not less than 0.03D and not more than 0.2D, and L is less than 0.03D, the first rear cutter face or the second rear cutter face is easy to interfere with the machining allowance generated by the chip dividing groove; because L is not larger than the width of the second rear cutter face, when L is larger than 0.2D, the width of the second rear cutter face of the cutter is too large, the second rear cutter face is easy to interfere, and meanwhile, the chip groove of the cutter is reduced, and chips are not easy to discharge; referring to fig. 8, D is the diameter of the bottom edge of the tapered ball end mill;
(4) H is more than or equal to 0.2mm and less than or equal to 1mm, the maximum per-tooth feeding amount of the cutter is too small when the depth of a chip dividing groove is required to be larger than the maximum per-tooth feeding amount of the cutter and H is less than 0.2mm, and the machining efficiency of the cutter is reduced; when H is more than 1mm, the strength of the cutter is too low, vibration is easy to generate, and the service life of the cutter is shortened.
Based on the above range of the structural parameters, in this embodiment, the cemented carbide D10 taper ball end mill is taken as an example, and an orthogonal design table is generated, which is specifically shown in table 1. And simulating a side milling test by using finite element simulation, wherein the stress of the cutting edge is taken as a judgment reference, and the strength of the cutter is higher when the stress is smaller.
TABLE 1 orthogonal design table for chip-splitting groove structure parameters
| Test number | W min | W max | L | H |
| 1 | 0.05 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.2 |
| 2 | 0.05 | 0.3 | 1.15 | 0.6 |
| 3 | 0.05 | 0.5 | 2 | 1 |
| 4 | 0.125 | 0.1 | 1.15 | 1 |
| 5 | 0.125 | 0.3 | 2 | 0.2 |
| 6 | 0.125 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.6 |
| 7 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 2 | 0.6 |
| 8 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 1 |
| 9 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 1.15 | 0.2 |
Because the taper angle alpha exists in the taper ball-end milling cutter, the edge diameter and the core diameter of the taper ball-end milling cutter are not constant, so the core diameter/the edge diameter are continuously changed. Referring to fig. 9, in order to reduce the simulation calculation amount, the part with the minimum core diameter/edge diameter value is taken, and meanwhile, a complete chip dividing groove structure is formed.
Referring to fig. 10, simulation is performed by using the model, according to the change of cutting edge stress, a ranking order of the structural parameters to the significance degree of the strength of the cutter is obtained, and according to the value of the cutter stress, an optimal matching scheme of the structural parameters of the chip dividing groove is obtained.
The parameters and stress curves are shown in fig. 11, 12, 13 and 14, respectively.
As can be seen from FIGS. 11 to 14, W is max The most significant influence on the stress of the cutter is the most important structural parameter for designing the chip dividing groove. Tool stress following W max The increase gradually becomes larger, but W max ≥W min ，W min The influence on the cutter stress is small after the distance is larger than 0.125mm, the cutter stress is also gradually larger along with the increase of L, and the cutter stress is the minimum when the distance H =0.6 mm. Therefore, the best parameter of the hard alloy D10 taper ball end mill chip dividing groove is W min ＝0.125mm，W max ＝0.3mm，L＝0.3mm，H＝0.6mm。
Further, based on the best matching result of the chip dividing groove structure parameters, the tolerance of the chip dividing groove structure parameters is obtained by adopting a single-factor analysis method and a finite element simulation method, and the tolerance comprises the following steps:
based on the optimal matching result of the structural parameters of the chip dividing groove, a single-factor analysis method is adopted, three parameters are set as fixed values, the other parameter is equally divided into five values, finite element simulation is carried out, and parameter stress variation is verified;
and determining an acceptable stress variation range by taking the maximum value of the cutting edge stress of the median of the five parameter average values as a reference, and finally taking the parameter value in the stress variation range as the tolerance of the parameter.
According to the best matching result of the parameters of the chip dividing groove of the hard alloy D10 taper ball end mill, obtaining the width W of the front end min Rear end width W max Length L and depth H, using single factor analysisThree parameters are set as fixed values, and the other parameter is divided into five values, finite element simulation is carried out, and parameter stress variation is verified. And determining an acceptable stress variation range by taking the maximum value of the median cutting edge stress of the parameter value as a reference, and finally taking the parameter value in the stress variation range as the tolerance of the parameter.
Specifically, the embodiment uses W max For example, according to the above analysis, W max Not less than 0.125mm, and W max The tool cutting edge stress is significantly improved after > 0.3mm, so the parameter values are selected as shown in table 2.
TABLE 2W max Tolerance single factor test parameter value
With W max And when the cutting edge stress value is +/-0.2% when the cutting edge stress value is 0.25mm, the tolerance value range is used. The experimental simulated tool cutting edge maximum stress variation is shown in fig. 15.
As can be seen from FIG. 15, when W is max When the thickness is less than 0.15mm, the stress value is not less than 210MPa, and when W is less than max Greater than 0.3mm, the stress value will be greater than 210.84MPa, therefore, W max Is 0.13mm-0.3mm.
This embodiment is only back width W max For example, an acceptable stress variation range is determined, and finally, the parameter value in the stress variation range is taken as the width W of the rear end max To the tolerance of (c). For other structural parameters, the front end width W min The length L and the depth H can be obtained by the single-factor analysis method and the finite-element simulation method as described above, and the embodiment is not described one by one.
The chip dividing groove design takes the strength of a cutter as a judgment standard, adopts an orthogonal analysis method, and utilizes simulation analysis to obtain the optimal matching parameters of the front end width, the rear end width, the length and the depth of the chip dividing groove, so that the chip dividing groove has more remarkable improvement on the performance of the cutter; furthermore, a single-factor analysis method is adopted, and simulation analysis is utilized to respectively obtain the processing tolerance ranges of the front end width, the rear end width, the length and the depth of the chip dividing groove, so that the stability of the performance of the ball end mill cutter is ensured, the accuracy is not excessive, the production efficiency of the ball end mill is improved, and the cost is reduced.
Referring to fig. 7, according to another aspect of the present invention, a method for designing a chip flute of a tapered ball nose end mill includes:
s701, obtaining the optimal matching of the structural parameters of the chip dividing groove by adopting an orthogonal analysis method and a finite element simulation method;
s702, based on the optimal matching result of the chip groove structure parameters, obtaining the tolerance of the chip groove structure parameters by adopting a single-factor analysis method and a finite element simulation method.
Specifically, the method for obtaining the optimal matching of the structural parameters of the chip dividing groove by adopting an orthogonal analysis method and a finite element simulation method specifically comprises the following steps:
determining a test scheme by adopting an orthogonal design table according to the number of chip separation groove structure parameters and the correlation condition among the parameters;
adopting a finite element simulation method, intercepting the part with the minimum core diameter/edge diameter value of a complete chip dividing groove as a simulation model, carrying out milling simulation according to a determined test scheme, and taking the cutting edge stress as a judgment reference;
according to the pole difference analysis of the orthogonal test, determining the influence degree of the chip dividing groove structure parameters on the cutting edge stress, finding out the most significant influence structure parameters, and obtaining the optimal matching result of the chip dividing groove structure parameters according to a structure parameter-stress curve.
Specifically, based on the best matching result of the chip dividing groove structure parameters, the tolerance of the chip dividing groove structure parameters is obtained by adopting a single-factor analysis method and a finite element simulation method, and the tolerance comprises the following steps:
based on the optimal matching result of the structural parameters of the chip dividing groove, a single-factor analysis method is adopted, three parameters are set as fixed values, the other parameter is equally divided into five values, finite element simulation is carried out, and parameter stress variation is verified;
and determining an acceptable stress variation range by taking the maximum value of the cutting edge stress of the median of the five parameter average values as a reference, and finally taking the parameter value in the stress variation range as the tolerance of the parameter.
The specific implementation process of the design method of the taper ball end mill chip dividing groove is referred to the description of a taper ball end mill, and the description is not repeated in the embodiment.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention; the scope of the invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art should be able to cover all equivalent or changes within the technical scope of the present disclosure, according to the technical solution and the modifications of the present disclosure, and all the equivalents and changes within the protection scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. A taper ball end mill comprises a bottom edge, a peripheral edge and a handle part; the peripheral edge comprises a chip groove, a first rear cutter face, a second rear cutter face and a chip dividing groove; the intersection of the chip flute and the first rear cutter face forms a cutting edge; the chip dividing groove is arranged between the first rear cutter face and the second rear cutter face; the axial symmetry line of chip separation groove is perpendicular to cutter central line direction, the width of chip separation groove is followed chip separation groove axial symmetry line first back knife face constantly increases to second back knife face direction, is perpendicular to in the plane of first back knife face, the inslot degree of depth of chip separation groove is unchangeable.
2. The tapered ball nose end mill of claim 1, wherein the chip flutes are designed as follows:
obtaining the optimal matching of the structural parameters of the chip dividing groove by adopting an orthogonal analysis method and a finite element simulation method;
and obtaining the tolerance of the structural parameters of the chip dividing groove by adopting a single-factor analysis method and a finite element simulation method based on the optimal matching result of the structural parameters of the chip dividing groove.
3. The tapered ball nose end mill according to claim 2, wherein the best matching of the structural parameters of the chip flutes is obtained by an orthogonal analysis method and a finite element simulation method, and specifically comprises:
determining a test scheme by adopting an orthogonal design table according to the number of chip separation groove structure parameters and the correlation condition among the parameters;
adopting a finite element simulation method, intercepting the part with the minimum core diameter/edge diameter value of a complete chip dividing groove as a simulation model, carrying out milling simulation according to a determined test scheme, and taking the cutting edge stress as a judgment reference;
according to the pole difference analysis of the orthogonal test, the influence degree of the chip dividing groove structure parameters on the cutting edge stress is determined, the most significant influence structure parameters are found out, and the best matching result of the chip dividing groove structure parameters is obtained according to a structure parameter-stress curve.
4. The tapered ball nose end mill of claim 2, wherein the chip flute configuration parameters include: front end width W min Rear end width W max Length L and depth H, the rear end width W max Is greater than the front end width W min 。
5. The tapered ball nose end mill chip flute of claim 4 wherein said orthogonal analysis employs a four-factor three-level orthogonal design table, said four factors including a nose width W min Rear end width W max Length L and depth H.
6. The tapered ball nose end mill of claim 4, wherein the nose width W min Rear end width W max The ranges of length L and depth H are as follows: w is not less than 0.05mm min ≤0.2mm，0.1mm≤W max Less than or equal to 0.5mm; l is more than or equal to 0.03D and less than or equal to 0.2D, and D represents the diameter of the bottom edge of the tapered ball end mill; h is more than or equal to 0.2mm and less than or equal to 1mm.
7. The tapered ball nose end mill according to claim 4, wherein the tolerance of the structural parameters of the chip flutes is obtained by a single-factor analysis method and a finite element simulation method based on the best matching result of the structural parameters of the chip flutes, and the tolerance comprises:
based on the optimal matching result of the structural parameters of the chip dividing groove, a single-factor analysis method is adopted, three parameters are set as fixed values, the other parameter is equally divided into five values, finite element simulation is carried out, and parameter stress variation is verified;
and determining an acceptable stress variation range by taking the maximum value of the cutting edge stress of the median of the five parameter average values as a reference, and finally taking the parameter value in the stress variation range as the tolerance of the parameter.
8. A design method of a taper ball end mill chip dividing groove is characterized by comprising the following steps:
obtaining the optimal matching of the structural parameters of the chip dividing groove by adopting an orthogonal analysis method and a finite element simulation method;
and obtaining the tolerance of the structural parameters of the chip dividing groove by adopting a single-factor analysis method and a finite element simulation method based on the optimal matching result of the structural parameters of the chip dividing groove.
9. The method for designing the taper ball nose end mill chip flute according to claim 8, wherein the optimal matching of the structural parameters of the chip flute is obtained by adopting an orthogonal analysis method and a finite element simulation method, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
determining a test scheme by adopting an orthogonal design table according to the number of chip separation groove structure parameters and the correlation condition among the parameters;
adopting a finite element simulation method, intercepting the part with the minimum core diameter/edge diameter value of a complete chip dividing groove as a simulation model, carrying out milling simulation according to a determined test scheme, and taking the cutting edge stress as a judgment reference;
according to the pole difference analysis of the orthogonal test, the influence degree of the chip dividing groove structure parameters on the cutting edge stress is determined, the most significant influence structure parameters are found out, and the best matching result of the chip dividing groove structure parameters is obtained according to a structure parameter-stress curve.
10. The method for designing a chip flute of a taper ball end mill according to claim 8, wherein the tolerance of the structural parameters of the chip flute is obtained by adopting a single-factor analysis method and a finite element simulation method based on the best matching result of the structural parameters of the chip flute, and the method comprises the following steps:
based on the optimal matching result of the structural parameters of the chip dividing groove, a single-factor analysis method is adopted, three parameters are set as fixed values, the other parameter is equally divided into five values, finite element simulation is carried out, and parameter stress variation is verified;
and determining an acceptable stress variation range by taking the maximum value of the cutting edge stress of the median of the five parameter average values as a reference, and finally taking the parameter value in the stress variation range as the tolerance of the parameter.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116756869A (en) * | 2023-06-12 | 2023-09-15 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Design method of discrete edge end mill with variable chip dividing groove parameters |
| CN116756869B (en) * | 2023-06-12 | 2023-11-28 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Design method of discrete edge end mill with variable chip dividing groove parameters |
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