CN115338425A - Complex shape part composite manufacturing method - Google Patents
Complex shape part composite manufacturing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115338425A CN115338425A CN202211001574.1A CN202211001574A CN115338425A CN 115338425 A CN115338425 A CN 115338425A CN 202211001574 A CN202211001574 A CN 202211001574A CN 115338425 A CN115338425 A CN 115338425A
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 109
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 7
- 210000003739 neck Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910001182 Mo alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009734 composite fabrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009740 moulding (composite fabrication) Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/06—Metallic powder characterised by the shape of the particles
- B22F1/065—Spherical particles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/1003—Use of special medium during sintering, e.g. sintering aid
- B22F3/1007—Atmosphere
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of part processing, and relates to a complex-shaped part composite manufacturing method, which comprises the following steps: 1) Selecting the particle size of the powder and carrying out pretreatment; 2) Obtaining a machining model of a part with a complex shape; 3) Performing laser melting on the pretreated powder according to a processing model by utilizing a selective laser melting forming process to obtain a formed part; 4) Sintering the formed part by using a powder metallurgy sintering process to obtain a sintered part; 5) And carrying out subsequent treatment on the sintered part to finish the manufacture of the part with the complex shape. The invention provides a composite manufacturing method, which greatly improves the forming efficiency, ensures the consistency of part processing and ensures batch production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of part processing, and relates to a complex-shaped part composite manufacturing method.
Background
Compared with the traditional processing technology, the selective laser melting forming technology has a series of advantages of high flexibility, short flow, good performance, high precision and the like, so that the technology has wide application space in the fields of aerospace, energy rework, automobiles, medical treatment, molds and the like.
However, the processing principle of the selective laser melting forming process is that the target powder is gradually melted and then solidified according to the sequence from point, line to surface and surface to body by means of laser energy, and finally the required product is generated, so that the forming efficiency of the process is not high. Based on the problem, although the forming efficiency can be improved by the schemes of multi-laser, bidirectional powder spreading, continuous powder supply, permanent filter element, dense typesetting and the like, the methods still have the following problems: (1) The existing improvement is realized by equipment improvement or experience accumulation, and the essence of the problem cannot be changed from the process principle, so that the effect of improving the forming efficiency is limited, and the forming efficiency is still not high; (2) The existing improvement scheme has poor consistency, and the quality of part processing batches is unstable.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems of low forming efficiency and poor consistency in the existing complex-shaped part processing, the invention provides a complex-shaped part composite manufacturing method which greatly improves the forming efficiency, ensures the consistency of part processing and ensures batch production.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a complex-shaped part composite manufacturing method comprises the following steps:
1) Selecting powder according to the density requirement required by the part with a complex shape to be processed, and carrying out pretreatment;
2) Acquiring a machining model of a part with a complex shape to be machined;
3) Carrying out laser melting on the powder pretreated in the step 1) according to the processing model in the step 2) by utilizing a selective laser melting forming process to obtain a formed part;
4) Sintering the formed part by using a powder metallurgy sintering process to obtain a sintered part;
5) And carrying out subsequent treatment on the sintered part to finish the manufacture of the part with the complex shape.
Further, in the step 1), the dense spherical powder with the granularity of-15 um is selected for the high-density part and the full-density part, and the dense spherical powder with the granularity of 15 um-53 um or the porous agglomerated sintered spherical powder with the granularity of 15 um-53 um is selected for the part with the porous structure.
Further, in the step 1), the pretreatment method of the powder comprises the step of drying the powder for 1 to 2 hours at 100 to 120 ℃ and under the vacuum condition of-0.1 MPa.
Further, the step of obtaining the machining model in the step 2) specifically includes:
2.1 Determining a part model according to the outline of the placing position of the part with the complex shape, and carrying out scaling treatment on the part model according to the shrinkage rule of the part with the complex shape under the condition of a composite manufacturing process;
2.2 Margin setting, chamfering and support adding treatment are carried out on the scaled part model according to the requirements of the selective laser melting forming process;
2.3 Arranging a clapboard topological structure inside the part model and along the height direction of the part model, and dividing the part model, wherein the boundary of the clapboard is connected with the outline; a feeding structure is arranged at the convex characteristic of the part model;
2.4 The diaphragm and the contour provided in the part model are extracted as the machining model.
Further, in the step 2.2), the allowance comprises machining allowance, grinding allowance and sacrificial deformation allowance, the sacrificial deformation allowance is located at the connecting position of the bottom of the part, and the height of the sacrificial deformation allowance is 5-30mm.
Further, in the step 2.3), the thickness of the partition board is consistent with the thickness of the outline, and the thickness of the partition board is 0.2 mm-1.5 mm; the height of the clapboard is 20 mm-50 mm; the partition board is hexahedron, octahedron or dodecahedron.
Further, in the step 3), laser selective melting forming equipment is utilized, powder spreading and laser scanning are carried out on the pretreated powder layer by layer according to the processing model in the step 2.4), finally, the partition board and the contour extracted in the step 2.4) are melted and formed to obtain a continuum, and the powder in the partition board and the contour still keep the original state, namely the formed part;
preferably, when the parts are high-density parts and full-density parts, the powder paving in the step 3) adopts a pressure type powder paving mode.
Further, in the step 3), the selective laser melting is performed to the extent that the partition and the powder at the contour form a sintering neck, and the connection between the powders blocks the leakage of the powder inside.
Further, in the step 3), during the laser scanning process, the switching light spots of the laser are staggered with each other.
Further, in the step 4), a sintering furnace is adopted for sintering, and the furnace loading direction of the formed part is consistent with the direction of the formed part during selective laser melting; vacuum degree is more than or equal to 10 -2 Pa; the heating rate is less than or equal to 8 ℃/min before powder presintering, and the heating rate is less than or equal to 12 ℃/min after powder presintering; the sintering temperature is 40-50% of the melting point of the part material.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the composite manufacturing method provided by the invention, the selective laser melting forming process is combined with the powder metallurgy process, the partition plate and the outline are formed into a continuous body by the selective laser melting process, and the parts are obtained by powder sintering, so that the forming efficiency of the parts is improved, and the batch consistency is favorably ensured.
2. According to the invention, the parts with different density requirements are met by selecting the powder with different particle size ranges and shapes, the high-density part and the full-density part are both dense spherical powder with the particle size of-15 um, and the part with a porous structure is either dense spherical powder with the particle size of 15-53 um or porous agglomerated sintered spherical powder with the particle size of 15-53 um; thereby reducing the dependency of the density on the subsequent process.
3. In the invention, sacrificial deformation allowance is arranged between the part and the burning bearing plate at the bottom of the part, so that the deformation of the bottom of the part caused by friction resistance is eliminated; the method comprises the following steps of dividing a model by using a partition plate topological structure with certain thickness and height and self-supporting property along the height direction, and setting a feeding structure, wherein the partition plate topological structure keeps the same thickness and contour thickness of the same part, and the value range is 0.2-1.5 mm; effectively resist sintering shrinkage deformation caused by gravity.
4. In the selective laser melting and forming process, the selective laser melting, forming and sintering degree of the partition and the powder at the outline is that the powder at the selective laser melting and forming part only forms a sintering neck but is not completely melted, and the connection between the powder can not lead the internal powder to leak, thereby ensuring the shrinkage consistency of the powder and the effectiveness of interface fusion under the two processes; by staggering the on and off spots of the laser during scanning, the consistency of the state of the powder at the partition and the contour is ensured.
5. The invention uses a vacuum sintering process and limits the temperature rise rate before/after powder presintering, the temperature rise rate before powder presintering is less than or equal to 8 ℃/min, and the temperature rise rate after powder presintering is less than or equal to 12 ℃/min, thereby better improving the consistency of sintering shrinkage.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to examples.
The invention provides a complex-shaped part composite manufacturing method, which comprises the following steps:
1) Selecting powder according to the density requirement required by a part with a complex shape to be processed, and pretreating the powder;
2) Acquiring a machining model of a part with a complex shape to be machined;
3) Carrying out laser melting on the powder pretreated in the step 1) according to the processing model in the step 2) by utilizing a selective laser melting forming process to obtain a formed part;
4) Sintering the formed part by using a powder metallurgy sintering process to obtain a sintered part;
5) And carrying out subsequent treatment on the sintered part to finish the manufacture of the part with the complex shape.
In the step 1), dense spherical powder with the granularity of-15 um (the particle size is less than-15 um) is selected for the high-density part and the full-density part, and dense spherical powder with the granularity of 15-53 um or porous agglomerated sintered spherical powder with the granularity of 15-53 um is selected for the part with a porous structure.
In the step 1), the pretreatment method comprises the step of drying the powder for 1-2 h under the vacuum condition of 100-120 ℃ and-0.1 MPa.
In the invention, the step of obtaining the processing model in the step 2) specifically comprises the following steps:
2.1 Determining a part model according to the outline of the placing position of the part with the complex shape, and carrying out scaling treatment on the part model according to the shrinkage rule of the part with the complex shape under the condition of the composite manufacturing process;
2.2 Margin setting, chamfering and support adding treatment are carried out on the scaled part model according to the requirements of the selective laser melting forming process;
2.3 Further, a partition plate topological structure is arranged in the part model and along the height direction of the part model, the part model is divided, and the boundary of the partition plate is connected with the outline; a feeding structure is arranged at the convex characteristic position of the part model;
2.4 Finally, the diaphragm and the contour set in the part model are extracted as a machining model.
In the step 2.2), the allowance comprises machining allowance, polishing allowance and sacrificial deformation allowance, the sacrificial deformation allowance is positioned at the joint of the bottom of the part, specifically, the sacrificial deformation allowance is positioned between the bottom of the part and the burning bearing plate and used for eliminating the deformation of the bottom of the part through self deformation, and the height of the sacrificial deformation allowance is 5-30mm, so that the part deformation caused by friction resistance is eliminated, and the processing quality of the part is improved.
In the step 2.3), the thickness of the partition board is consistent with the thickness of the outline, and the thickness of the partition board is 0.2 mm-1.5 mm; the height of the clapboard is 20 mm-50 mm; the baffle is hexahedron, octahedron or dodecahedron.
In step 2.4), the feeding structure is a columnar structure.
The invention can effectively resist sintering shrinkage deformation caused by gravity through a topological structure and a feeding structure formed by the partition plates, ensure the processing quality and improve the forming efficiency.
In the step 3), laser selective melting forming equipment is utilized, powder is paved layer by layer on the pretreated powder and laser scanning is carried out according to the processing model in the step 2.4), finally the partition board and the contour extracted in the step 2.4) are formed to obtain a continuum, and the powder inside the partition board and the contour still keep the original state, namely the formed part.
Preferably, when the parts are high-density parts and full-density parts, the powder paving in the step 3) adopts a pressure type powder paving mode.
When the partition and the contour are formed into a continuous body, the energy density used for forming is that the powder at the partition and the contour forms a sintering neck instead of being completely melted, and the powder has gaps, but the gaps are not enough to lead the internal powder to leak out; the switching light spots of the laser are staggered in the scanning process, so that the sintering degree of the powder at the partition board and the outline is integrally consistent; the powder is spread by a powder spreading mode capable of giving powder pressure, so that the bulk density of the powder is improved.
In the step 3), the switching light spots of the laser are staggered in the laser scanning process, so that the consistency of the state of the powder at the partition plate and the outline is ensured.
In the step 4), a sintering furnace is adopted for sintering, and the furnace loading direction of the formed part is consistent with the direction of the formed part during selective laser melting; vacuum degree is more than or equal to 10 -2 Pa; the heating rate is less than or equal to 8 ℃/min before powder presintering, and the heating rate is less than or equal to 12 ℃/min after powder presintering; the consistency of sintering shrinkage is improved.
In the invention, pre-sintering means that sintering necks are formed among powder due to sintering, and the general pre-sintering temperature is 40-50% of the melting point of a part material.
Specifically, after the selective laser melting forming is finished, the adhesive powder outside the contour of the formed continuum is cleaned, and then the continuous continuum and the powder wrapped inside are placed into a sintering furnace for sintering. The outline can not be damaged by paying attention in the process of cleaning the adhered powder outside the outline so as to avoid leakage of the powder inside the outline. The sintering furnace is a vacuum sintering furnace.
In the step 5), the subsequent treatment sequentially comprises wire cutting, support removal, grinding and heat treatment.
The composite production method according to the present invention will be described below in two specific embodiments.
Example 1 composite manufacturing method of complex-shaped compact titanium alloy part
The composite manufacturing method of the complex-shaped part (the dense titanium alloy part) provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps.
1. Raw material selection and processing
In the embodiment, the complex-shaped part is a compact titanium alloy part, titanium alloy powder with the particle size of-15 um is selected and sieved, and then the powder is dried for 2 hours under the vacuum condition of 120 ℃ and-0.1 MPa to obtain dry powder.
2. Obtaining a Process model
2.1 Determining the placing scheme and the outline of the part, and carrying out scaling treatment on the part according to the shrinkage rule of the part under the condition of the composite manufacturing process.
2.2 The margin setting, chamfering, support adding and the like are carried out on the scaled model according to the laser selective melting forming process rule, wherein the margin height of the sacrificial deformation margin between the part and the burning bearing plate at the bottom of the part is 30mm.
2.3 The inner part of the model is divided by a hexahedral clapboard topological structure with the thickness of 0.2mm and the height of 50mm and the self-supporting property along the height direction, and a columnar feeding structure is arranged at the convex characteristic of the model.
2.4 The partition plate and the 0.2mm thick profile arranged in the final model are extracted to be used as a process model for guiding the selective laser melting and forming implementation.
3. Selective laser melting formation
And (3) finally forming a continuous body consisting of the extracted partition plates and the outline by using laser selective melting forming equipment according to the process model output in the step 2.4) through layer-by-layer powder laying and laser scanning of the dried powder in the step 1) under the energy density which can cause the powder at the positions of the partition plates and the outline to form sintering necks instead of complete melting and the gaps among the powder are insufficient to enable the powder in the powder to leak out, thereby obtaining a formed part. The powder spreading process uses a powder spreading mode capable of giving powder pressure to spread powder, and the switching light spots of the laser are staggered in the scanning process.
4. Powder metallurgy sintering
After the selective laser melting forming is finished, cleaning up the adhesive powder outside the outline of the formed continuum, putting the continuum and the powder wrapped inside the continuum into a sintering furnace for sintering, putting the continuum into the vacuum sintering furnace in the same placing direction as that of the selective laser melting forming, and putting the continuum into the vacuum sintering furnace at the vacuum degree of more than or equal to 10 -2 Sintering is carried out under the condition of Pa.
According to the melting point of the part material, the pre-sintering temperature is about 840 ℃, the heating rate before 840 ℃ is less than or equal to 8 ℃/min during sintering, and the heating rate between 840 ℃ and 1300 ℃ is less than or equal to 12 ℃/min.
5. After-treatment of parts
And taking out the sintered part after sintering, and sequentially carrying out post-treatment processes such as wire cutting, support removal, polishing, heat treatment and the like to finish the manufacturing and processing of the part.
Example 2 composite fabrication of Complex-shaped parts (porous molybdenum alloy parts)
The composite manufacturing method of the complex-shaped part (the porous molybdenum alloy part) provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps.
1. Raw material selection and processing
Selecting molybdenum alloy powder with the granularity of 15 um-53 um, sieving, and drying for 2 hours under the vacuum condition of 100 ℃ and-0.1 MPa.
2. Obtaining a Process model
2.1 Determining the placing scheme of the parts, and carrying out scaling treatment on the parts according to the shrinkage rule of the parts under the condition of the composite manufacturing process.
2.2 The margin setting, chamfering, support adding and the like are carried out on the scaled model according to the laser selective melting forming process rule, wherein the margin height of the sacrificial deformation margin between the part and the burning bearing plate at the bottom of the part is 5mm.
2.3 The octahedral partition plate topological structure with the thickness of 1.5mm and the height of 20mm and the self-supporting characteristic is used for dividing the model along the height direction, and a columnar feeding structure is arranged at the convex characteristic of the model.
2.4 A partition plate and a profile with the thickness of 1.5mm arranged in the final model are extracted to be used as a process model for guiding the selective laser melting and forming.
3. Selective laser melting formation
And (3) finally forming a continuous body consisting of the extracted partition plates and the contour under the energy density which can cause the powder at the positions of the partition plates and the contour to form a sintering neck instead of being completely melted and the gaps among the powder are not enough to lead the internal powder to leak by using laser selective melting forming equipment according to the process model output by the step 2.4) through layer-by-layer powder laying and laser scanning of the dried powder in the step 1). The powder spreading process uses a powder spreading mode capable of giving powder pressure to spread powder, and the switch light spots of the laser are staggered mutually in the scanning process.
4. Powder metallurgy sintering
After the selective laser melting forming is finished, cleaning up the adhesive powder outside the outline of the formed continuum, putting the continuum and the powder wrapped inside the continuum into a sintering furnace for sintering, putting the continuum into the vacuum sintering furnace in the same placing direction as that of the selective laser melting forming, and putting the continuum into the vacuum sintering furnace at the vacuum degree of more than or equal to 10 -2 Sintering is carried out under the condition of Pa.
According to the melting point of the part material, the pre-sintering temperature is about 1300 ℃, the heating rate before 1300 ℃ is less than or equal to 8 ℃/min during sintering, and the heating rate between 1300 ℃ and 1900 ℃ is less than or equal to 12 ℃/min.
5. After-treatment of parts
And taking out the part after sintering, and performing post-treatment processes such as wire cutting, support removal, polishing, heat treatment and the like according to specific requirements to finish the manufacturing of the part.
Claims (10)
1. A complex-shaped part composite manufacturing method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Selecting powder according to the density requirement required by a part with a complex shape to be processed, and pretreating the powder;
2) Obtaining a machining model of a part with a complex shape to be machined;
3) Performing laser melting on the powder pretreated in the step 1) according to the processing model in the step 2) by using a selective laser melting forming process to obtain a formed part;
4) Sintering the formed part by using a powder metallurgy sintering process to obtain a sintered part;
5) And carrying out subsequent treatment on the sintered part to finish the manufacture of the part with the complex shape.
2. The composite manufacturing method of the parts with complex shapes according to claim 1, characterized in that in step 1), dense spherical powder with the granularity of-15 um is selected for the high-density parts and the full-density parts, and dense spherical powder with the granularity of 15 um-53 um or porous agglomerated sintered spherical powder with the granularity of 15 um-53 um is selected for the parts with porous structures.
3. The composite manufacturing method of the complex-shaped part according to claim 2, wherein in the step 1), the powder is pretreated by drying the powder under the vacuum condition of 100-120 ℃ and-0.1 MPa for 1-2 h.
4. The complex-shaped part composite manufacturing method according to claim 3, wherein the machining model obtaining step of step 2) specifically comprises:
2.1 Determining a part model according to the outline of the placing position of the part with the complex shape, and carrying out scaling treatment on the part model according to the shrinkage rule of the part with the complex shape under the condition of a composite manufacturing process;
2.2 Margin setting, chamfering and support adding treatment are carried out on the scaled part model according to the requirements of the selective laser melting forming process;
2.3 Arranging a clapboard topological structure in the part model and along the height direction of the part model, dividing the part model, and connecting the clapboard boundary with the outline; a feeding structure is arranged at the convex characteristic of the part model;
2.4 The diaphragm and the contour provided in the part model are extracted as a machining model.
5. The composite manufacturing method for the complex-shaped part as claimed in claim 4, wherein in the step 2.2), the allowance comprises a machining allowance, a grinding allowance and a sacrificial deformation allowance, the sacrificial deformation allowance is located at the joint of the bottom of the part, and the height of the sacrificial deformation allowance is 5-30mm.
6. The composite manufacturing method for the complex-shaped part according to claim 5, wherein in the step 2.3), the thickness of the partition plate is consistent with the thickness of the outline, and the thickness of the partition plate is 0.2 mm-1.5 mm; the height of the clapboard is 20 mm-50 mm; the baffle is hexahedron, octahedron or dodecahedron.
7. The composite manufacturing method of the complex-shaped part according to claim 6, characterized in that in the step 3), laser selective melting forming equipment is used, powder is spread layer by layer and laser scanning is carried out on the preprocessed powder according to the processing model in the step 2.4), finally, the partition board and the contour extracted in the step 2.4) are melted and formed to obtain a continuous body, and the powder inside the partition board and the contour still keep the original state, namely the formed part;
preferably, when the parts are high-density parts and full-density parts, the powder paving in the step 3) adopts a pressure type powder paving mode.
8. The composite manufacturing method for the complex-shaped part as claimed in claim 7, wherein in the step 3), the selective laser melting is performed to the extent that the powder at the position of the partition and the contour forms a sintering neck, and the connection between the powder blocks the leakage of the internal powder.
9. The method for compositely manufacturing a complex-shaped part according to claim 8, wherein in the step 3), the switching spots of the laser are staggered during the laser scanning.
10. The composite manufacturing method of the complex-shaped part according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein in the step 4), sintering is performed by using a sintering furnace, and the charging direction of the formed part is consistent with the direction of melting forming in the selective laser area; vacuum degree is more than or equal to 10 -2 Pa; the heating rate is less than or equal to 8 ℃/min before powder presintering, and the heating rate is less than or equal to 12 ℃/min after powder presintering; the sintering temperature is 40-50% of the melting point of the part material.
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Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000336403A (en) * | 1999-05-26 | 2000-12-05 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Production of shaped part with three dimensional form |
| CN1861296A (en) * | 2006-06-14 | 2006-11-15 | 华中科技大学 | Method for near-purification formation of parts |
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| CN110788318A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2020-02-14 | 安泰天龙（宝鸡）钨钼科技有限公司 | Preparation method of high-density rare earth tungsten electrode |
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| JP2000336403A (en) * | 1999-05-26 | 2000-12-05 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Production of shaped part with three dimensional form |
| CN1861296A (en) * | 2006-06-14 | 2006-11-15 | 华中科技大学 | Method for near-purification formation of parts |
| CN101722306A (en) * | 2009-12-10 | 2010-06-09 | 华中科技大学 | Near-net-shape method for porous metal part |
| CN101780544A (en) * | 2010-01-15 | 2010-07-21 | 黑龙江科技学院 | Method for forming refractory metal parts by using laser |
| CN106623924A (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2017-05-10 | 中北大学 | Method for forming functionally graded material on basis of selection laser melted powder metallurgy |
| US20180161883A1 (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2018-06-14 | Michael T. Stawovy | Tungsten heavy metal alloy powders and methods of forming them |
| CN109047779A (en) * | 2018-08-16 | 2018-12-21 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of preparation method of rhenium metal parts |
| CN110788318A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2020-02-14 | 安泰天龙（宝鸡）钨钼科技有限公司 | Preparation method of high-density rare earth tungsten electrode |
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