CN115338409A - SiAlON-YG8 composite welding blade and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
SiAlON-YG8 composite welding blade and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115338409A CN115338409A CN202211071168.2A CN202211071168A CN115338409A CN 115338409 A CN115338409 A CN 115338409A CN 202211071168 A CN202211071168 A CN 202211071168A CN 115338409 A CN115338409 A CN 115338409A
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 229910003564 SiAlON Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract 3
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002490 spark plasma sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- JPNWDVUTVSTKMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt tungsten Chemical compound [Co].[W] JPNWDVUTVSTKMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003698 laser cutting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001404 rare earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/02—Compacting only
- B22F3/04—Compacting only by applying fluid pressure, e.g. by cold isostatic pressing [CIP]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/105—Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
- B22F3/14—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
- B22F2009/043—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling by ball milling
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of workpiece processing, and discloses a SiAlON-YG8 composite welding blade and a preparation method and application thereof. The method comprises the steps of flattening and sintering SiAlON mixed powder to obtain a SiAlON pre-sintered block, processing the SiAlON pre-sintered block into a SiAlON knife angle, and processing a YG8 hard alloy plate into a YG8 basal body with a unfilled corner through laser processing; the SiAlON knife angle is consistent with the shapes of the four cut-off knife angles of the YG8 matrix, then the SiAlON knife angles are replaced by the four cut-off knife angles to be adhered with the YG8 matrix with the unfilled corner, the SiAlON knife angles are sintered at 800-900 ℃ through a brazing furnace to obtain a sintered blank of the knife, and the SiAlON-YG8 composite welding blade is prepared through grinding. The composite welding blade has high strength and wear resistance, and can be applied to the fields of cutting, aerospace wear-resistant part processing bearings and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of workpiece processing, and particularly relates to a SiAlON-YG8 composite welding blade and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
SiAlON (SiAlON) is in Si 3 N 4 The crystal structure and Si of the novel material 3 N 4 Similarly, is in Si 3 N 4 The single-phase compound formed by dissolving Me and O as metal elements in solid solution is based on Si 3 N 4 The ceramic compound of (2). Among all ceramic materials, the SiAlON ceramic has the characteristics of high hardness, high strength, high toughness, excellent dimensional stability, thermal shock resistance and the like, and is a structural ceramic with the best comprehensive performance.
Among the numerous tool materials, sialon ceramic tools can achieve higher cutting speeds than cemented carbide tools due to their excellent high temperature strength and red hardness. When processing cast iron and nickel base alloy, the cutting speed of the SiAlON ceramic cutter can reach dozens of times of that of the traditional cutter material (such as hard alloy). Compared with the cutter made of the alumina-based material, the SiAlON-based cutter has higher toughness and the capability of bearing rapid temperature change in high-speed machining, has unique advantages in continuous cutting and is more and more widely applied to intermittent machining. Cemented carbide is known as "industrial teeth" as an important tool material because of its excellent properties such as high strength, high wear resistance, high corrosiveness, and high hardness, and plays an important role in cutting tools, mining tools, and oil extraction tools.
The ceramic cutting tool obtained and applied at present has the problems of low toughness, low overall strength and the like, is easy to cause sudden damage in high-speed cutting, has poor stability and is difficult to be applied to high-efficiency high-quality precision machining. The YG8 hard alloy material is a tungsten-cobalt material, has high toughness and wear resistance, and is expected to be used as a base body of a cutter, and SiAlON ceramic is used as a cutting corner of the cutter for cutting, so that a composite blade with improved overall strength, toughness and wear resistance is manufactured.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, the invention provides a preparation method of a SiAlON-YG8 composite welding blade, which takes YG8 hard alloy as a base body and SiAlON ceramic as a knife angle; the welding knifeThe integral strength and toughness of the sheet are high, and the welding strength of the SiAlON knife angle and the contact surface welded by YG8 hard alloy is high; the method comprises the steps of utilizing a special solder and a special fixed die, applying pressure on four tool corners of a sintered cutter sample by the fixed die at a high temperature, melting and flowing the solder uniformly coated on a contact surface in advance, filling the whole contact surface with the molten solder, and then cooling by a certain temperature gradient to slowly solidify the solder so as to achieve the purpose of connecting SiAlON with the hard alloy. TiN and Ti are formed on the contact surface of the SiAlON and the solder while the solder flows at high temperature 5 Si 3 The Ti-rich layer is the main one, so that the strength of the connecting layer is obviously increased.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a SiAlON-YG8 composite welding blade prepared by the above method.
It is yet another object of the present invention to provide the use of the above-described SiAlON-YG8 composite welding blade.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a SiAlON-YG8 composite welding blade comprises the following specific steps:
s1, mixing Si 3 N 4 、Al 2 O 3 AlN, tiN and a sintering aid Re 2 O 3 Mixing, in a roller ball mill, si 3 N 4 The ball is a grinding ball, absolute ethyl alcohol is a grinding medium, and mixed powder is obtained after mixing, drying and sieving; with Si 3 N 4 、Al 2 O 3 AlN and TiN powder in a total mass of 100%, the Si being 3 N 4 、Al 2 O 3 70-95% of AlN powder and 5-30% of TiN powder; the Re 2 O 3 Is Si 3 N 4 、Al 2 O 3 1-5% of the total mass of the AlN and TiN mixed powder;
s2, dry-pressing the mixed powder in the step S1 into a block, and maintaining the pressure for 250-300S under the cold isostatic pressure of 200-250 MPa to obtain a blank; sintering the green body at 1450-1650 ℃ by SPS sintering or hot-pressing sintering to obtain a SiAlON pre-sintered block;
s3, processing the YG8 hard alloy plate into a cuboid through laser processing, and cutting off four knife corners of the cuboid to prepare a corner-cut YG8 substrate; preparing a triangular prism SiAlON knife angle with the bottom edge of an isosceles right triangle by using the SiAlON pre-sintered block, wherein the shape of the triangular prism SiAlON knife angle is consistent with the shape of four knife angles cut off by the YG8 hard alloy plate;
s4, replacing the cut four corners of the SiAlON knife, coating brazing solder on the bottom surface of the triangular prism SiAlON knife, and then connecting the bottom surface with the YG8 basal body with the unfilled corner to obtain a prefabricated knife body; and (2) applying pressure of 10-20 Pa from the directions of four tool angles of the prefabricated tool body by using a mould, fixing the prefabricated tool body, then placing the fixed prefabricated tool body in a brazing furnace, sintering at 800-900 ℃ to obtain a tool blank, and removing the machining allowance of the tool blank by grinding to obtain the SiAlON-YG8 composite welding blade.
Preferably, said Si in step S1 3 N 4 Has a purity of 95 to 100% and a particle diameter of<5 μm; the Al is 2 O 3 Has a purity of 95 to 100 percent and a particle diameter<5 μm; the AlN has a purity of 98 to 100% and a particle diameter<5 μm; the purity of the TiN is 98-100%, and the grain diameter is<100nm; the Re 2 O 3 The purity of (A) is 99.999%; the Re 2 O 3 The Re element is Y, la, gd or Yb.
Preferably, the rotating speed of the material mixing in the step S1 is 90-150 r/min, and the material mixing time is 18-36 h; the drying temperature is 60-80 ℃, and the drying time is 12-24 h.
Preferably, the specific procedure of spark plasma sintering in step S2 is: raising the temperature to 1000-1200 ℃ at the speed of 130-150 ℃/min, starting to fill nitrogen and applying pressure from 0, continuing to raise the temperature to 1450-1650 ℃, and simultaneously raising the pressure to 30-40 MPa; after the temperature rise program is executed, preserving heat and maintaining pressure for 3-7 min; then cooling at the speed of 80-100 ℃/min, releasing pressure at 1000-1200 ℃, and cooling along with the furnace after the temperature is reduced to 750-850 ℃.
Preferably, the hot-pressing sintering specific procedure in step S2 is: heating to 800-1000 ℃ at the speed of 10-14 ℃/min, starting to fill nitrogen, starting to apply pressure from 0, continuing to heat at the speed of 6-8 ℃/min to 1450-1650 ℃, and simultaneously raising the pressure to 30-40 MPa; after the temperature rise program is executed, preserving heat and maintaining pressure for 3-7 min; then cooling at the cooling rate of 10-12 ℃/min, releasing pressure at 1000-1200 ℃, cooling to 750-850 ℃ and then cooling along with the furnace.
Preferably, the specific procedure of sintering in the brazing furnace in step S4 is as follows: vacuumizing the furnace body, heating to 800-900 ℃ at the speed of 6-15 ℃/min, and preserving the heat for 2-3 h; then the temperature is reduced at the speed of 3-6 ℃/min, and the temperature is reduced to 350-450 ℃ along with the furnace.
Preferably, the brazing material in the step S4 is a paste mixture rich in Ag, cu and Ti, and the mass fraction of Ag in the brazing material is 60-70%, the mass fraction of Cu is 20-25% and the mass fraction of Ti is 5-10% based on the total mass of the three elements as 100%.
A SiAlON-YG8 composite welding blade is prepared by the method.
Preferably, the shear strength of the welding layer in the composite welding blade is 180-185 MPa, the relative density is more than 98%, the surface hardness is 18-24 GPa, and the fracture toughness is 5-8 MPa-m 1/2 The thermal conductivity is 80-92W/(m.K); the core hardness is 14-18 GPa, and the fracture toughness is 8-12 MPa.m 1/2 The thermal conductivity is 87-103W/(m.K).
The SiAlON-YG8 composite welding blade is applied to preparation of cutting difficult-to-machine materials and aerospace wear-resistant part machining bearings.
In the invention, under the vacuum high-temperature environment of the brazing furnace, the active element Ti in the brazing solder gradually diffuses and migrates to one side of the SiAlON knife angle along with the flow of the brazing solder and reacts with the N element and the Si element in the SiAlON knife angle to generate TiN and Ti 5 Si 3 . The crystal grains of the two elements are mutually staggered and stacked, and a reaction layer (Ti concentrated layer) with the thickness of 1-5 microns is formed on one side of the SiAlON knife angle. In the sintering process, the brazing material is melted at high temperature and flows between the contact surfaces of the SiAlON cutter corner and the YG8 basal body with the unfilled corner; fixing the die to contact and connect the YG8 substrate with the SiAlON corner and the notch corner to obtain the productThe prefabricated cutter body applies certain pressure, so that the molten brazing solder can more uniformly cover the contact surface. After the brazing material flows sufficiently, the temperature is gradually reduced to solidify the brazing material, so that the aim of welding the YG8 substrate with the SiAlON knife angle and the unfilled corner is fulfilled.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. compared with the traditional SiAlON ceramic blade and YG8 hard alloy blade, the SiAlON-YG8 composite welding blade prepared by the invention has the advantages that the overall strength, toughness and heat conductivity of the SiAlON-YG8 composite welding blade can be improved by about 20%.
2. TiN and Ti formed in SiAlON-YG8 composite welding blade prepared by the invention 5 Si 3 The Ti concentrated layer which is mainly used is positioned on one side of the SiAlON knife angle in the whole welding layer, and the SiAlON knife angle fails firstly in a shear strength test.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a SiAlON corner of a SiAlON-YG8 composite welding blade according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the YG8 cemented carbide substrate with missing corners according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an SEM image of a soldering layer of a SiAlON-YG8 composite soldering blade obtained in example 1.
Fig. 4 is a pictorial view of a stationary mold used in the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a pictorial view of a SiAlON-YG8 welding blade of examples 1-2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following examples are presented to further illustrate the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention. Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the examples are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art. Reagents, methods and apparatus used in the present invention are conventional in the art unless otherwise indicated.
In the following examples, the welding layer element distribution and the phase composition of the welding blade can be characterized by a scanning electron microscope, and the performance thereof can be characterized by a vickers hardness tester and the like.
Example 1
A preparation method of a SiAlON-YG8 composite welding blade comprises the following specific steps:
(1) With Si 3 N 4 、Al 2 O 3 AlN and TiN powder as raw material and rare earth oxide Gd 2 O 3 As a sintering aid, si 3 N 4 The ball is a grinding ball, absolute ethyl alcohol is a grinding medium, and mixed powder is obtained after mixing, drying and sieving; with Si 3 N 4 、Al 2 O 3 AlN and TiN powder in a total mass of 100% 3 N 4 、Al 2 O 3 The AlN powder was 80% by mass (83.07% by mass of Si) 3 N 4 、4.854％AlN、12.075％Al 2 O 3 ) The mass percentage of TiN powder is 20 percent; gd (Gd) 2 O 3 Is of mass Si 3 N 4 、Al 2 O 3 4% of the total mass of the AlN and TiN mixed powder;
taking a hard alloy plate with the grade of YG8 as a raw material, processing the hard alloy plate into a cuboid with the size of 13.6mm multiplied by 5.76mm through laser processing, cutting off four corners of a cuboid blank, and making a knife corner into a triangular prism with an isosceles right triangle with the size of 4mm multiplied by 4mm as a bottom surface to prepare a corner-lacking YG8 base body;
(2) Dry-pressing the mixed powder obtained in the step (1) into a block with the size of 18.2mm multiplied by 7mm by using a stainless steel mould, and keeping the pressure for 300s under the cold isostatic pressure of 250MPa to obtain a blank body to be sintered; and then sintering by using an SPS sintering furnace or a hot-pressing sintering furnace, wherein the specific process flow of sintering is to start nitrogen filling and pressurization when the temperature is raised to 1000 ℃ at the heating rate of 100 ℃/min, raise the temperature to 1550 ℃ and simultaneously raise the pressure to 40MPa, keep the temperature and the pressure for 4min, reduce the temperature at the cooling rate of 100 ℃/min after the heat preservation is finished, release the pressure when the temperature is reduced to 1300 ℃, reduce the temperature to 800 ℃ and then reduce the temperature along with the furnace to obtain the SiAlON pre-sintered block.
(3) The obtained SiAlON pre-sintered block was fabricated into a triangular prism with an isosceles right triangle of 4mm × 4mm as the bottom surface by laser cutting, and used as a knife angle. A special brazing solder (a paste mixture rich in Ag, cu and Ti, the total mass of the three elements is 100%), the mass fraction of Ag in the brazing solder is 60-70%, the mass fraction of Cu is 20-25% and the mass fraction of Ti is 5-10%) is uniformly coated on a connecting surface of a prefabricated SiAlON knife corner and a unfilled corner YG8 substrate in a screen printing mode, the prefabricated SiAlON knife corner is consistent with the shape of the four cut-off knife corners of the YG8 hard alloy plate, the four cut-off knife corners are replaced to prepare a prefabricated knife body, then a special fixing die (as shown in figure 4) is used for dividing the prefabricated fixing die into a sample disc and a clamp block, the sample disc is circular, four grooves are equidistantly distributed on the circumference of a concentric circle smaller than the diameter of the sample disc, the four clamp blocks can be fixed through a screw, the position of the clamp block in the radial direction can be adjusted according to the size of the sample, one end of the clamp block is in a right angle shape, and the right angle knife corner of the cutter is matched to apply pressure to the prefabricated knife body from the direction of the four cut-off the blank body 15Pa to prevent the prefabricated knife corner of the SiAlON the prefabricated knife body. And (3) placing the fixed prefabricated cutter body into a brazing furnace for high-temperature sintering, raising the temperature to 850 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min in a vacuum environment, then preserving the heat for 2.5 hours at the temperature of 850 ℃, reducing the temperature to 400 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min after the heat preservation is finished, and cooling along with the furnace to obtain a blank of the composite welding blade. And then removing the reserved machining allowance by grinding to obtain the SiAlON-YG8 composite welding blade (shown in figure 5).
FIG. 3 is an SEM image of the solder layer of a SiAlON-YG8 composite solder blade made in this example. As can be seen from fig. 3, the Ti concentrated layer was formed on the SiAlON corner side, had a thickness of 1.5 μm, was closely adhered to the SiAlON corner, and was free from cracks and voids. The shear strength of the welding layer in the SiAlON-YG8 composite welding blade prepared in the embodiment reaches 180MPa, the relative density is 99.9%, the surface hardness is 19GPa, and the fracture toughness is 6 MPa.m 1/2 The thermal conductivity is 85W/(m.K); the core hardness is 16GPa, and the fracture toughness is 9 MPa.m 1/2 The thermal conductivity was 88W/(m.K).
Example 2
(1) With Si 3 N 4 、Al 2 O 3 AlN and TiN powder as raw materialsRare earth oxide Y 2 O 3 As a sintering aid, si 3 N 4 The ball is a grinding ball, absolute ethyl alcohol is a grinding medium, and mixed powder is obtained after mixing, drying and sieving; with Si 3 N 4 、Al 2 O 3 AlN and TiN powder in a total mass of 100% 3 N 4 、Al 2 O 3 The AlN powder was 90% by mass (90.56% by mass of Si) 3 N 4 、3.42％AlN、6.02％Al 2 O 3 ) The mass percentage of TiN powder is 10 percent; y is 2 O 3 Is Si 3 N 4 、Al 2 O 3 5% of the total mass of the AlN and TiN mixed powder;
the YG8 hard alloy plate is processed into a cuboid with the size of 13.6mm multiplied by 5.76mm by taking the YG8 hard alloy plate as a raw material through laser processing, and four knife corners of a cuboid blank are cut off, wherein the knife corners are triangular prisms with 4mm multiplied by 4mm isosceles right triangles as bottom surfaces, and the YG8 basal body with unfilled corners is prepared;
(2) Dry-pressing the mixed powder obtained in the step (1) into a block with the size of 18.2mm multiplied by 7mm by using a stainless steel mould, and keeping the pressure for 300s under the cold isostatic pressure of 250MPa to obtain a blank body to be sintered; and then sintering by using an SPS sintering furnace or a hot-pressing sintering furnace, raising the temperature to 1000 ℃ at the speed of 100 ℃/min, starting to fill nitrogen and start to pressurize, raising the temperature to 1550 ℃, simultaneously raising the pressure to 40MPa, keeping the temperature and pressure for 4min, after the heat preservation is finished, reducing the temperature at the speed of 100 ℃/min, finishing pressure relief at 1300 ℃, and reducing the temperature along with the furnace after 800 ℃ to obtain the SiAlON pre-sintered block.
(3) The structure of the SiAlON tool corner of the present invention is shown in fig. 1. The presintered SiAlON block is cut by laser to form a triangular prism with a bottom surface of an isosceles right triangle of 4mm x 4mm, which is used as a SiAlON knife angle. Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the YG8 cemented carbide substrate according to the present invention. The method comprises the steps of uniformly coating a special brazing solder (a paste mixture rich in Ag, cu and Ti, wherein the total mass of the three elements is 100%) on a connecting surface of a manufactured SiAlON knife angle and a unfilled-corner YG8 substrate in a screen printing mode, wherein the mass fraction of Ag in the brazing solder is 60-70%, the mass fraction of Cu is 20-25% and the mass fraction of Ti is 5-10%, the prefabricated SiAlON knife angle is consistent with the shape of four cut-off knife angles of the YG8 hard alloy substrate, and the four cut-off knife angles are replaced to prepare a prefabricated knife body, and after brushing the brazing solder, applying 20Pa pressure to the prefabricated knife body from the directions of the four knife angles of the prefabricated knife body by using a special fixing die (shown in figure 4) and fixing the prefabricated knife body to prevent the prefabricated knife angle from falling off from the unfilled-corner YG8 substrate. And (2) placing the prefabricated cutter body fixed by the fixed mold into a brazing furnace for high-temperature sintering, raising the temperature to 850 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min in a vacuum environment, then preserving the heat for 2.5 hours at 850 ℃, reducing the temperature to 400 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min after finishing the heat preservation, cooling along with the furnace to obtain a blank of the composite welding blade, and removing machining allowance in a grinding mode to obtain the SiAlON-YG8 composite welding blade (as shown in figure 5).
The shear strength of the welding layer in the SiAlON-YG8 composite welding blade prepared in the embodiment reaches 185MPa, the relative density is 99.9%, the surface hardness is 20GPa, and the fracture toughness is 7.2 MPa.m 1/2 Thermal conductivity 90W/(m.K); the core hardness is 19GPa, and the fracture toughness is 10 MPa-m 1/2 The thermal conductivity is 100W/(m.K).
The shearing strength of a welding layer in the SiAlON-YG8 composite welding blade is 180-185 MPa, the relative density is more than 98%, the surface hardness is 18-24 GPa, and the fracture toughness is 5-8 MPa.m 1/2 The thermal conductivity is 80-92W/(m.K); the core hardness is 14-18 GPa, and the fracture toughness is 8-12 MPa.m 1/2 The thermal conductivity is 87-103W/(m.K). The SiAlON-YG8 composite welding blade is applied to preparation of cutting difficult-to-machine materials and aerospace wear-resistant part machining bearings.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a SiAlON-YG8 composite welding blade is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
s1, mixing Si 3 N 4 、Al 2 O 3 AlN, tiN and a sintering aid Re 2 O 3 Mixing, in a roller ball mill, si 3 N 4 The ball is a grinding ball, absolute ethyl alcohol is a grinding medium, and mixed powder is obtained after mixing, drying and sieving; with Si 3 N 4 、Al 2 O 3 AlN and TiN powder in a total mass of 100%, the Si being 3 N 4 、Al 2 O 3 70-95% of AlN powder and 5-30% of TiN powder; the Re 2 O 3 Is Si 3 N 4 、Al 2 O 3 1-5% of the total mass of the AlN and TiN mixed powder;
s2, dry-pressing the mixed powder in the step S1 into a block, and maintaining the pressure for 250-300S under the cold isostatic pressure of 200-250 MPa to obtain a blank; sintering the green body at 1450-1650 ℃ by SPS sintering or hot-pressing sintering to obtain a SiAlON pre-sintered block;
s3, processing the YG8 hard alloy plate into a cuboid through laser processing, and cutting off four knife corners of the cuboid to prepare a corner-cut YG8 substrate; preparing a SiAlON pre-sintered block into a triangular prism SiAlON knife angle with the bottom edge being an isosceles right triangle, wherein the shape of the triangular prism SiAlON knife angle is consistent with the shape of four knife angles cut off by a YG8 hard alloy plate;
s4, replacing the cut four corners of the SiAlON knife, coating brazing solder on the bottom surface of the triangular prism SiAlON knife, and connecting the bottom surface with the YG8 matrix of the unfilled corner to obtain a prefabricated knife body; and (2) applying pressure of 10-20 Pa from the directions of four tool angles of the prefabricated tool body by using a mould, fixing the prefabricated tool body, then placing the fixed prefabricated tool body in a brazing furnace, sintering at 800-900 ℃ to obtain a tool blank, and removing the machining allowance of the tool blank by grinding to obtain the SiAlON-YG8 composite welding blade.
2. The method of making a SiAlON-YG8 composite welding blade according to claim 1, wherein the Si in step S1 is 3 N 4 Has a purity of 95 to 100% and a particle diameter of<5 μm; a is describedl 2 O 3 Has a purity of 95 to 100 percent and a particle diameter<5 μm; the AlN has a purity of 98 to 100% and a particle diameter<5 μm; the TiN has a purity of 98-100% and a particle size of<100nm; the Re 2 O 3 The purity of (A) is 99.999%; said Re 2 O 3 The Re element in the alloy is Y, la, gd or Yb.
3. The method for preparing a SiAlON-YG8 composite welding blade according to claim 1, wherein the rotation speed of the mixing in step S1 is 90 to 150r/min, and the mixing time is 18 to 36 hours; the drying temperature is 60-80 ℃, and the drying time is 12-24 h.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the spark plasma sintering process in step S2 comprises: raising the temperature to 1000-1200 ℃ at the speed of 130-150 ℃/min, starting to fill nitrogen and exerting pressure from 0, continuing to raise the temperature to 1450-1650 ℃, and simultaneously raising the pressure to 30-40 MPa; after the temperature rise program is executed, preserving heat and maintaining pressure for 3-7 min; then the temperature is reduced at the speed of 80-100 ℃/min, the pressure is released at the temperature of 1000-1200 ℃, and the temperature is reduced to 750-850 ℃ and then is reduced along with the furnace.
5. The method for preparing a SiAlON-YG8 composite welding blade according to claim 1, wherein the hot press sintering procedure in step S2 is as follows: heating to 800-1000 ℃ at the speed of 10-14 ℃/min, starting to fill nitrogen, starting to apply pressure from 0, continuing to heat at the speed of 6-8 ℃/min to 1450-1650 ℃, and simultaneously heating to 30-40 MPa; after the temperature rise program is executed, preserving heat and maintaining pressure for 3-7 min; then cooling at the cooling rate of 10-12 ℃/min, releasing pressure at 1000-1200 ℃, cooling to 750-850 ℃ and then cooling along with the furnace.
6. The method of making a SiAlON-YG8 composite welding blade according to claim 1, wherein the specific procedure of sintering in a brazing furnace in step S4 is: vacuumizing the furnace body, heating to 800-900 ℃ at the speed of 6-15 ℃/min, and preserving the heat for 2-3 h; then the temperature is reduced at the speed of 3-6 ℃/min to 350-450 ℃ and then is reduced along with the furnace.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the braze material in step S4 is a paste-like mixture rich in Ag, cu, and Ti, and the mass fraction of Ag in the braze material is 60-70%, the mass fraction of Cu is 20-25%, and the mass fraction of Ti is 5-10%, based on 100% of the total mass of the three elements.
8. A SiAlON-YG8 composite welding blade, characterized in that it is prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. The SiAlON-YG8 composite welding blade of claim 8, wherein the weld layer in the composite welding blade has a shear strength of 180 to 185MPa, a relative density of greater than 98%, a surface hardness of 18 to 24GPa, and a fracture toughness of 5 to 8 MPa-m 1/2 The thermal conductivity is 80-92W/(m.K); the core hardness is 14-18 GPa, and the fracture toughness is 8-12 MPa.m 1 /2 The thermal conductivity is 87-103W/(m.K).
10. The use of the SiAlON-YG8 composite welding blade according to claim 9 for the manufacture of bearings for machining difficult-to-machine materials and aerospace wear resistant parts.
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