CN115324033B - Prefabricated pipe pile construction method based on built-in high-expansion material self-expanding pile shoe structure - Google Patents
Prefabricated pipe pile construction method based on built-in high-expansion material self-expanding pile shoe structure Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000017 hydrogel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229920001002 functional polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000247 superabsorbent polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/22—Piles
- E02D5/24—Prefabricated piles
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D15/00—Handling building or like materials for hydraulic engineering or foundations
- E02D15/02—Handling of bulk concrete specially for foundation or hydraulic engineering purposes
- E02D15/04—Placing concrete in mould-pipes, pile tubes, bore-holes or narrow shafts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/22—Piles
- E02D5/62—Compacting the soil at the footing or in or along a casing by forcing cement or like material through tubes
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/72—Pile shoes
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a prefabricated pipe pile construction method based on a built-in high-expansion material self-expanding pile shoe structure, and belongs to the field of pile foundation engineering. The invention arranges the self-expanding pile shoe at the bottom of the precast pile, which can utilize the principle that the high expansion material expands when meeting water, realize the diameter expansion of the pile end through simple water injection operation, and combine with post grouting technology to solidify and form an inverted truncated cone-shaped expansion head structure, thereby improving the bearing capacity and the pulling resistance of the precast pile. Compared with the conventional bottom-expanding bored pile, the invention has the advantages of less construction steps, short construction period and high economic benefit. The invention can transform precast piles made of various materials such as concrete piles, steel piles and the like, and has wide application range.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of construction equipment, and particularly relates to a self-expanding pile shoe structure with a high-expansion material arranged in a precast tubular pile.
Background
With the gradual acceleration of urban construction pace, municipal infrastructure, bridges, various buildings and the like are increasingly large in scale. In coastal areas, the deep soft soil layers are widely distributed, so that the bearing capacity requirement on the foundation is higher than that of other areas.
The prefabricated pipe pile has the advantages of wider and wider application range in recent years, convenient production and assembly, convenient transportation, quick construction and the like, and greatly reduces the cost; on the other hand, the club-footed pile plays a better technical and economic effect in practical engineering, the bearing capacity of a single pile is greatly improved compared with that of a straight pile with the same diameter of a pile body, the club-footed pile has higher pulling resistance, and the club-footed pile has small deformation and good stability under the action of earthquake force. However, in general, the club-footed pile is formed with an enlarged head at the bottom of the pile body by special equipment based on the original constant section bored pile, so that the club-footed pile is called as a club-footed bored pile. However, such enlarged heads can only be applied to cast-in-place piles, and they are prefabricated in advance and cannot be adjusted in diameter according to actual conditions in different projects.
For other prefabricated tubular piles, how to form a tubular pile structure with an enlarged head and realize flexible control of the diameter of the enlarged head is a technical problem to be solved at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the prefabricated pipe pile cannot realize expansion of the head and the diameter of the expansion head cannot be flexibly controlled in the prior art, and provides a self-expansion pile shoe structure with a high-expansion material arranged in the prefabricated pipe pile.
The specific technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a construction method of a precast tubular pile based on a built-in high-expansion material self-expanding pile shoe structure comprises the following steps:
s1, mounting a prefabricated self-expanding pile shoe at the bottom of a prefabricated pipe pile, and combining to form a prefabricated pipe pile structure with the pile shoe;
the self-expanding pile shoe comprises a pile shoe main body, a pile shoe tip, an embedded pipeline, an in-pipe limiting ring, an out-pipe limiting ring and an expandable annular plate; the pile shoe tip is positioned at the bottom of the pile shoe main body, and the top surface of the pile shoe main body is a plane; the inner pipe limit ring and the outer pipe limit ring are coaxially arranged on the top surface of the pile shoe main body; the top surface of the pile shoe main body is clamped by a pipe outer limiting ring and a pipe inner limiting ring to form a pile end bearing surface; a plurality of groove cavities are uniformly formed in the circumferential direction on the outer circumferential surface of the pile shoe body, and each groove cavity is filled with an expansion material capable of absorbing water and expanding; the embedded pipeline is arranged in the pile shoe main body, the inlet end of the embedded pipeline is communicated with the inner cavity of the in-pipe limiting ring, and the outlet end of the embedded pipeline is communicated with each groove cavity;
the expandable annular plate is circumferentially arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the pile shoe body, and the bottom of the expandable annular plate is hinged with the pile shoe body; the plate body of the expandable annular plate is formed by alternately splicing a plurality of fixed plates and folding assemblies, a folding assembly is arranged between any two fixed plates, each folding assembly comprises two folding plates and three hinging pieces, the inner side edges of the two folding plates are rotationally connected through one hinging piece, and the outer side edges of the two folding plates are rotationally connected with the fixed plate on the side where the two folding plates are positioned through one hinging piece; each folding component on the expandable annular plate has two forms of folding and unfolding, wherein in the folding form, the two folding plates are folded in an annular space between the fixed plate and the outer peripheral surface of the pile shoe main body, and in the unfolding form, the two folding plates are spread and unfolded and are positioned on the side surface of the same inverted round table with the fixed plate;
s2, keeping the precast tubular pile in a vertical state, supporting a self-expanding pile shoe on a pile foundation site of a foundation, and keeping each folding assembly on an expandable annular plate in the self-expanding pile shoe in a folding form, wherein the top of the expandable annular plate is close to the outer peripheral surface of a pile shoe main body; then applying downward pressure to the pile top of the precast tubular pile to drive the whole precast tubular pile and the self-expanding pile shoe into the designed depth;
s3, extending a liquid injection pipeline into an inner cavity of the prefabricated pipe pile along the axial direction, inserting the liquid injection pipeline into an in-pipe limiting ring to be communicated with an inlet end of the embedded pipeline, injecting water into the groove cavity through the liquid injection pipeline and the embedded pipeline, enabling an expansion material to overflow the groove cavity after being expanded by water absorption, pushing the expandable annular plate to be outwards and outwards placed in a radial direction to expand and be converted into an expanding state, and accordingly expanding the top diameter of the expandable annular plate;
s4, injecting curable grouting slurry into the groove cavity through the grouting pipeline and the embedded pipeline, so that the grouting slurry fills the annular space formed by the groove cavity and the annular plate with the expandable diameter, and forming an expanded pile shoe structure at the pile bottom of the precast pile after the grouting slurry is cured.
Preferably, the top of the precast tubular pile applies downward pressure required for pile sinking by a hammering method or a static pressure method.
Preferably, the self-expanding pile shoe is arranged at the bottom of the precast tubular pile in a welding or bolting mode.
Preferably, the self-expanding pile shoe is made of rigid metal materials.
Preferably, in the expandable annular plate, the fixing plate is in an inverted isosceles trapezoid, the folding plates are in right-angled triangles, the two folding plates are spliced into an inverted isosceles triangle, and the waist length of the isosceles trapezoid is equal to that of the isosceles triangle; the bottoms of all the fixing plates are jointed and fixed on the peripheral surface of the pile shoe main body through the hinge parts; the folding assemblies in the expandable annular plates are in a folding form initially, and are outwards laid down and expanded and converted into an expanding state when being subjected to thrust along the radial direction of the prefabricated pipe piles, so that the top diameter of the expandable annular plates is expanded.
Preferably, the hinge is a hinge connection.
Preferably, the precast tubular pile is a concrete pile or a steel pile.
Preferably, the expandable annular plate changes the diameter of the expandable annular plate after expansion by adjusting the amount of the expansion material filled in the groove cavity in advance or by adjusting the water injection amount.
Preferably, the swelling material is a water absorbent resin.
Preferably, the prefabricated pipe pile and the pipe outer limiting ring form clearance fit or transition fit.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention arranges the self-expanding pile shoe at the bottom of the precast pile, which can utilize the principle that the high expansion material expands when meeting water, realize the diameter expansion of the pile end through simple water injection operation, and combine with post grouting technology to solidify and form an inverted truncated cone-shaped expansion head structure, thereby improving the bearing capacity and the pulling resistance of the precast pile.
The technical solution in the subsequent embodiments of the present invention has one or more of the following advantages:
1. compared with the conventional bottom-expanding bored pile, the invention has the advantages of less construction steps, short construction period and high economic benefit by applying the bottom-expanding boring principle to the pile shoe of the precast tubular pile
2. According to the invention, the soil body around the pile can be compacted in the bottom expanding process, and the precast tubular pile, the pile shoe and the soil body around the pile are tightly combined into a whole after concrete is injected, so that the single pile bearing capacity of the prestressed tubular pile can be greatly improved;
3. the invention enables the prefabricated pipe pile to form an expanded bottom structure at the pile bottom, the anti-pulling performance is obviously improved, the obtained expanded bottom prefabricated pipe pile has small deformation under the action of earthquake force, the differential settlement of a building can be effectively reduced, and the stability is good.
4. The invention can reform precast piles made of various materials such as concrete piles, steel piles and the like, and has wide application range.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a precast tubular pile construction method based on a built-in high expansion material self-expanding pile shoe structure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an assembly of a precast pile and a self-expanding shoe;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the construction of a self-expanding shoe;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of section A-A of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view in section B-B of FIG. 3;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of position C in FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the installation of the liquid injection pipe in the precast tubular pile;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a portion of a key construction link.
The reference numerals in the drawings are: precast pile 1, self-expanding pile shoe 2, liquid injection pipeline 3, pile shoe main body 201, pipe inner limit ring 202, pipe outer limit ring 203, pre-buried pipeline 204, expansion material 205, expandable annular plate 206, fixed plate 261, folding plate 262 and hinge 263.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the invention will be readily understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. The present invention may be embodied in many other forms than described herein and similarly modified by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention, whereby the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below. The technical features of the embodiments of the invention can be combined correspondingly on the premise of no mutual conflict.
In the description of the present invention, it will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected with intervening elements present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly connected" to another element, there are no intervening elements present.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used solely for the purpose of distinguishing between the descriptions and not necessarily for the purpose of indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature.
In consideration of wide application of the club-footed pile, good club-footed pile effect, long construction period and difficult guarantee of construction quality, the invention combines the club-footed pile principle to optimally design the construction method of the precast tubular pile, and takes low cost and high income as principles.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the method for constructing a precast pile based on a self-expanding pile shoe structure with built-in high expansion material has the steps shown in S1 to S4, and each step is described in detail below.
S1, installing a prefabricated self-expanding pile shoe 2 at the bottom of the prefabricated pipe pile 1, and combining to form the prefabricated pipe pile structure with the pile shoe.
In this embodiment, the precast pile 1 may be a concrete pile or a steel pile, or the like, of various types. In the assembled state of the precast tubular pile 1 and the self-expanding pile shoe 2, as shown in fig. 2, reliable connection modes such as welding, bolts and the like can be adopted between the precast tubular pile 1 and the self-expanding pile shoe 2. The self-expanding pile shoe 2 is a core structure with pile end bearing capacity, and adopts a special structural design to realize controllable expansion of the diameter, and particularly, the outer part of the self-expanding pile shoe 2 is provided with an annular plate with a controllable expansion angle, so that the angle and the diameter of a final formed expanding chassis structure are controlled. As shown in fig. 3, 4 and 5, the self-expanding shoe 2 includes a shoe body 201, a shoe tip 207, a pre-buried pipe 204, an in-pipe stop 202, an out-pipe stop 203 and an expandable annular plate 206. Shoe tip 207 is located at the bottom of shoe body 201 and the top surface of shoe body 201 is planar. The pipe inner limiting ring 202 and the pipe outer limiting ring 203 are coaxially arranged on the top surface of the pile shoe main body 201, and the pile end bearing surface is formed by clamping the pipe outer limiting ring 203 and the pipe inner limiting ring 202 on the top surface of the pile shoe main body 201. The precast pile 1 can be inserted into the outer limit ring 203, and the bottom surface of the pile end of the precast pile 1 is supported at the bearing surface of the pile end on the top surface of the pile shoe body 201.
The inner pipe stop ring 202, the outer pipe stop ring 203, the pile shoe tip 207 and the pile shoe main body 201 may be made of steel or reinforced concrete. However, it should be noted that, when the inner pipe stop collar 202, the outer pipe stop collar 203, the pile shoe tip 207 and the pile shoe main body 201 are made of reinforced concrete materials, they may be integrally cast, or when they are made of steel materials, they may be integrally formed, and they do not necessarily need to be separated into two separate parts.
The pile shoe main body 201 is cylindrical as a whole, and a plurality of groove cavities are uniformly formed on the peripheral surface of the pile shoe main body 201 along the circumferential direction. Each of the cells is filled with an expansion material 205 that is capable of expanding upon absorption of water. The size and number of the concrete cavities can be adjusted according to actual needs, and in the section of the pile shoe main body 201 shown in fig. 5, 18 cavities are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the pile shoe main body 201, and each cavity is filled with the expansion material 205. The specific form of the swelling material 205 is not limited as long as it can swell after absorbing water, and a water absorbent resin (Super Absorbent Polymer, SAP) is preferably used in the present embodiment. The water-absorbing resin is a novel functional polymer material. It has a high water-absorbing function of absorbing several hundred to several thousand times more water than itself and is excellent in water-retaining property, and once water swells into a hydrogel, it is difficult to separate water even under pressure. In order to fill the expansion material 205 in the groove cavities, a pre-buried pipeline 204 can be built in the pile shoe main body 201 in advance, the inlet end of the pre-buried pipeline 204 is communicated with the inner cavity of the inner limiting ring 202, and the outlet end of the pre-buried pipeline 204 is communicated with each groove cavity. The purpose of filling the expanding material 205 is to be able to cooperate with the expandable annular plate 206, push the expandable annular plate 206 to expand the diameter after pile sinking, form an expanded head, thereby improving the bearing capacity and the pulling resistance of the pile body.
In addition, the expansion material 205 in the groove cavity needs to be prevented in advance when prefabricating the self-expanding pile shoe 2, but the specific amount of the expansion material needs to be optimized according to the actual situation, and the larger the amount, the stronger the expansion capability.
In the present invention, the expandable annular plate 206 is a key component for forming an expansion head on the pile body, and is folded on the outer circumferential surface of the pile shoe main body 201 in an initial state, and can be expanded by using the principle that a high expansion material expands when required to expand when meeting water, so as to realize the expansion, and finally form an expansion head structure in the shape of an inverted truncated cone. The expandable annular plate 206 must therefore fulfil the function of being able to expand in diameter and, since the enlarged head structure is required to carry the load, it cannot be made of flexible material and must be made of rigid material. Moreover, in order to achieve flexible control of the enlarged head diameter, the expandable annular plate 206 is also required to have a function of adjusting the angle and the diameter size. The specific implementation structure and principle of the expandable annular plate 206 will be described in detail below.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, an expandable annular plate 206 is circumferentially disposed on the outer circumferential surface of the shoe body 201, and the bottom of the expandable annular plate 206 is hinged with the shoe body 201. The plate body of the expandable annular plate 206 is formed by alternately splicing a plurality of fixed plates 261 and a plurality of folding assemblies, and one folding assembly is arranged between any two fixed plates 261. Each folding assembly comprises two folding plates 262 and three hinges 263. The inner sides of the two folding plates 262 are rotatably connected by a hinge 263, and the outer sides of the two folding plates 262 are rotatably connected with the fixed plate 261 on the side of the two folding plates by a hinge 263. Each folding assembly on the expandable annular plate 206 has two configurations, folded and unfolded. As shown in fig. 4, the folding assembly is shown in a folded configuration in which two folding plates 262 are folded in an annular space between the fixed plate 261 and the outer circumferential surface of the shoe body 201, and in an unfolded configuration in which the two folding plates 262 are rotated outwardly about the hinge 263, and are laid flat on the same side of the inverted circular table as the fixed plate 261. The maximum diameter after deployment can be adjusted by optimizing the specific shape and dimensions of the fixed plate 261 and the folding plate 262.
In the expandable annular plate 206, the specific shapes of the fixed plate 261 and the folding plate 262 can be adjusted according to the actual situation, so that the whole plate body can form a side surface of an inverted truncated cone after being finally tiled and unfolded. If a complete inverted frustoconical side is to be formed, the fixed plate 261 should be a sector ring and the folded plate 262 should be a sector, with the sides of the sector ring being longer than the radius of the sector. However, in practical applications, the expandable annular plate 206 does not have to be a complete inverted circular truncated cone side surface because of the difficult processing of the arcuate plate body and because of the viscosity coefficient of the subsequent concrete or cement grouting slurry itself, and grouting slurry can be accumulated even when gaps are present. In order to facilitate the processing of each plate body, in this embodiment, the fixed plate 261 in the expandable annular plate 206 is an inverted isosceles trapezoid, the folded plate 262 is a right triangle, the two folded plates 262 are spliced into an inverted isosceles triangle by right-angle sides, and the waist length of the isosceles trapezoid is equal to the waist length of the isosceles triangle. The fixed plate 261 and the folding plate 262 are spliced by the side where the waist is located. The bottoms of all the fixing plates 261 are snugly fixed to the outer circumferential surface of the shoe body 201 by the hinge 263, and the folding plate 262 may not be hinged to the outer circumferential surface of the shoe body 201. In this embodiment, hinge connectors may be used for the three hinge members 263 of the folding assembly and the hinge members 263 required for the hinge of the fixed plate 261 to the shoe body 201. The gap between the hinge positions is kept as small as possible, and a certain gap is allowed as long as the through-type loss of grouting slurry is not caused.
In addition, in order to ensure tight connection between the precast pile 1 and the liquid injection pipe 3 and the self-expanding pile shoe 2, the outer diameter of the pipe outer limit ring 203 is preferably identical to the outer diameter of the pile shoe main body 201, and the inner diameter is preferably identical to the outer diameter of the precast pile 1, so that the precast pile 1 and the pipe outer limit ring 203 form clearance fit or transition fit.
The self-expanding shoe 2 as a whole, except for the filled expansion material 205, may be made of a rigid metal material, specifically steel, iron, aluminum, etc., and preferably steel.
S2, keeping the precast pile 1 in a vertical state, supporting the self-expanding pile shoe 2 on a pile foundation site of a foundation, and keeping each folding assembly on the expandable annular plate 206 in the self-expanding pile shoe 2 in a folding state, wherein the top of the expandable annular plate 206 is close to the outer peripheral surface of the pile shoe main body 201. Then, downward pressure is applied to the pile top of the precast tubular pile 1, so that the whole precast tubular pile 1 and the self-expanding pile shoe 2 are integrally driven into the designed depth.
It should be noted that, because pile sinking sites of the precast tubular pile are fixed, after the surface of the foundation is paid out and positioned according to the design file, the precast tubular pile 1 and the movable pile shoe 2 are lifted by an automobile crane or a crane and then placed on pile foundation sites on the surface of the foundation. The pile sinking process can adopt a hammering method or a static pressure method. The final pile sinking depth of the precast pile 1 is required to be determined according to the design condition, and the precast pile is generally required to be driven into a bearing layer in the foundation. The pile sinking process of the prefabricated pipe pile 1 belongs to the prior art, and is not repeated.
S3, the liquid injection pipeline 3 axially stretches into the inner cavity of the prefabricated pipe pile 1, is inserted into the in-pipe limiting ring 202 and is communicated with the inlet end of the embedded pipeline 204, water is injected into the groove cavity through the liquid injection pipeline 3 and the embedded pipeline 204, so that the expansion material 205 overflows the groove cavity after being absorbed and expanded, and pushes the expandable annular plate 206 to be expanded outwards in the radial direction and be converted into an expanded state, and the top diameter of the expandable annular plate 206 is expanded.
In addition, the outer diameter of the in-tube stop collar 202 needs to be smaller than the inner diameter of the inner cavity of the precast tubular pile 1, and the inner diameter is preferably consistent with the outer diameter of the liquid injection pipeline 3, so that the liquid injection pipeline 3 and the in-tube stop collar 202 form clearance fit or transition fit, as shown in fig. 7.
S4, injecting curable grouting slurry into the groove cavity through the grouting pipeline 3 and the embedded pipeline 204, so that the groove cavity and the annular space formed by encircling the expandable annular plate 206 are filled with the grouting slurry, and after the grouting slurry is cured, an expanded pile shoe structure is formed at the pile bottom of the precast tubular pile 1.
As shown in fig. 8, the above-described two-step core construction process S3 and S4 is shown. As shown in fig. 8 a), after the precast pile 1 is submerged to a designed depth, the folding assemblies in the expandable annular plate 206 are all initially in a folded state, at this time, the top of the expandable annular plate 206 is close to the outer circumferential surface of the pile shoe body 201, and the top diameter is in a minimum state. Then, as described in step S3, the liquid injection pipe 3 may be axially inserted into the inner cavity of the prefabricated pipe pile 1 and the bottom is inserted into the in-pipe limiting ring 202, after water is injected into the liquid injection pipe 3, water flows into each groove cavity through the pre-buried pipe 204, so that the water absorbing resin absorbs water and expands into hydrogel. The expanded hydrogel increases in volume and will overflow each cell cavity, thereby pushing the expandable annular plate 206 radially expanded. As shown in b) of fig. 8, the folding assembly in the expandable annular plate 206 is unfolded and expanded outwards when being pushed by the radial direction of the precast pile 1, in the process, the two folding plates 262 are unfolded to be on the same circular table surface as the fixed plate 261, and at the same time, the folding plates 262 and the fixed plate 261 are turned around the hinged position of the bottom of the fixed plate 261, so that the whole expandable annular plate 206 is finally converted into an unfolded state, and the expansion of the diameter of the top of the expandable annular plate 206 is realized. However, the diameter of the expandable annular plate 206 is enlarged but is insufficient to carry the load transmitted from the pile body, and thus it is necessary to provide a supporting force for radially preventing shrinkage of the expanded expandable annular plate 206. At this time, as shown in fig. 8 c), grouting slurry in the form of concrete or cement or the like may be continuously injected through the grouting pipe 3 according to step S4, and the grouting slurry flows into each of the groove cavities along the pre-buried pipe 204, further filling the groove cavities and the open areas of the expandable annular plates 206. When the concrete or cement slurry is poured, the pouring speed and the pouring amount can be adjusted at any time, the pouring quality is ensured, and finally, the compact filling is formed. After the grouting slurry is solidified, radial support for the expandable annular plate 206 is formed, and the expandable annular plate 206 can still maintain the diameter unchanged when being loaded, so that the bearing capacity and the pulling resistance of the precast tubular pile 1 are improved.
In addition, the liquid injection pipeline 3 can be recycled and reused after construction is completed.
In addition, in order to adapt to the requirements of different projects, the unfolding angle of the expandable annular plate (206) can be flexibly adjusted in the specific construction process. The adjustment mode can change the diameter of the expanded groove cavity by adjusting the amount of the expansion material (205) filled in the groove cavity in advance or by adjusting the water injection amount.
In summary, the annular plate is hinged to the outer peripheral surface of the pile shoe body by uniformly arranging the groove cavities filled with the expansion materials in the circumferential direction, and the annular plate is expanded by utilizing the principle that the high expansion materials expand when meeting water, so that the diameter is expanded, and finally, the inverted truncated cone-shaped expansion head structure is formed. Meanwhile, grouting slurry is further filled into the expandable annular plate through the embedded pipeline, after the grouting slurry is solidified, radial support for the expandable annular plate is formed, and the diameter of the expandable annular plate can be maintained unchanged when the expandable annular plate is loaded, so that the bearing capacity and the pulling resistance of the prefabricated pipe pile are improved. The structure is applicable to precast piles made of various materials such as concrete piles, steel piles and the like, and can effectively reduce differential settlement of buildings and improve the pulling resistance. Compared with the conventional club-footed cast-in-place pile, the method has the advantages of few construction steps and short construction period, and can greatly improve the single pile bearing capacity of the prestressed pipe pile.
The above embodiment is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but it is not intended to limit the present invention. Various changes and modifications may be made by one of ordinary skill in the pertinent art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all the technical schemes obtained by adopting the equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation are within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A prefabricated pipe pile construction method based on a built-in high-expansion material self-expanding pile shoe structure is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, installing a prefabricated self-expanding pile shoe (2) at the bottom of a prefabricated pipe pile (1), and combining to form a prefabricated pipe pile structure with the pile shoe;
the self-expanding pile shoe (2) comprises a pile shoe main body (201), a pile shoe tip (207), a pre-buried pipeline (204), an in-pipe limiting ring (202), an out-pipe limiting ring (203) and an expandable annular plate (206); the pile shoe tip (207) is positioned at the bottom of the pile shoe main body (201), and the top surface of the pile shoe main body (201) is a plane; the pipe inner limiting ring (202) and the pipe outer limiting ring (203) are coaxially arranged on the top surface of the pile shoe main body (201); the top surface of the pile shoe main body (201) is clamped by a pipe outer limiting ring (203) and a pipe inner limiting ring (202) to form a pile end bearing surface; a plurality of groove cavities are uniformly formed in the circumferential direction on the outer circumferential surface of the pile shoe main body (201), and each groove cavity is filled with an expansion material (205) capable of absorbing water and expanding; the embedded pipeline (204) is arranged in the pile shoe main body (201), the inlet end of the embedded pipeline is communicated with the inner cavity of the in-pipe limiting ring (202), and the outlet end of the embedded pipeline is communicated with each groove cavity;
the expandable annular plate (206) is circumferentially arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the pile shoe main body (201), and the bottom of the expandable annular plate (206) is hinged with the pile shoe main body (201); the plate body of the expandable annular plate (206) is formed by alternately splicing a plurality of fixed plates (261) and folding assemblies, one folding assembly is arranged between any two fixed plates (261), each folding assembly comprises two folding plates (262) and three hinging pieces (263), the respective inner side edges of the two folding plates (262) are rotationally connected through the hinging piece (263), and the outer side edges of the two folding plates (262) are rotationally connected with the fixed plate (261) on the side where the two folding plates are positioned through the hinging piece (263); each folding assembly on the expandable annular plate (206) has two forms of folding and unfolding, in the folded form, two folding plates (262) are folded in an annular space between the fixed plate (261) and the outer peripheral surface of the pile shoe body (201), and in the unfolded form, the two folding plates (262) are laid out and lie on the side of the same inverted truncated cone with the fixed plate (261);
s2, keeping the precast tubular pile (1) in a vertical state, supporting the self-expanding pile shoe (2) on a pile foundation site of a foundation, and keeping each folding component on the expandable annular plate (206) in the self-expanding pile shoe (2) in a folding form, wherein the top of the expandable annular plate (206) is close to the peripheral surface of the pile shoe main body (201); then applying downward pressure to the pile top of the precast tubular pile (1) to ensure that the whole precast tubular pile (1) and the self-expanding pile shoe (2) are integrally driven into the designed depth;
s3, extending a liquid injection pipeline (3) into an inner cavity of the prefabricated pipe pile (1) along the axial direction, inserting the liquid injection pipeline into an in-pipe limiting ring (202) to be communicated with an inlet end of the embedded pipeline (204), injecting water into the groove cavity through the liquid injection pipeline (3) and the embedded pipeline (204), enabling an expansion material (205) to overflow the groove cavity after being expanded by water absorption, pushing the expandable annular plate (206) to be radially outwards laid down and expanded, and converting the expandable annular plate into an expanded state, thereby realizing expansion of the top diameter of the expandable annular plate (206);
s4, injecting curable grouting slurry into the groove cavity through the grouting pipeline (3) and the embedded pipeline (204), filling the groove cavity with the annular space formed by encircling the expandable annular plate (206), and forming an expanded pile shoe structure at the pile bottom of the precast pile (1) after curing the grouting slurry.
2. A precast tubular pile construction method based on a built-in high expansion material self-expanding pile shoe structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the top of the precast tubular pile (1) is applied with downward pressure required for pile sinking by hammering method or static pressure method.
3. The construction method of the precast tubular pile based on the built-in high-expansion material self-expanding pile shoe structure, as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that the self-expanding pile shoe (2) is arranged at the bottom of the precast tubular pile (1) in a welding or bolting mode.
4. The construction method of the precast tubular pile based on the built-in high expansion material self-expanding pile shoe structure according to claim 1, wherein the self-expanding pile shoe (2) is made of rigid metal materials.
5. The construction method of the prefabricated pipe pile based on the built-in high-expansion material self-expanding pile shoe structure according to claim 1, wherein in the expandable annular plate (206), the fixed plate (261) is in an inverted isosceles trapezoid shape, the folding plate (262) is in a right triangle shape, the two folding plates (262) are spliced into an inverted isosceles triangle shape, and the waist length of the isosceles trapezoid is equal to that of the isosceles triangle shape; the fixing plates (261) and the folding plates (262) are spliced through waist edges, and the bottoms of all the fixing plates (261) are attached and fixed on the peripheral surface of the pile shoe main body (201) through the hinge parts (263); the folding assemblies in the expandable annular plates (206) are in a folding state initially, and when being subjected to thrust along the radial direction of the prefabricated pipe pile (1), the folding assemblies are outwards laid down and expanded to be converted into an expanding state, so that the top diameter of the expandable annular plates (206) is expanded.
6. The method for constructing a precast tubular pile based on a built-in high expansion material self-expanding pile shoe structure according to claim 1, wherein the hinge member (263) is a hinge connector.
7. The construction method of the precast tubular pile based on the built-in high expansion material self-expanding pile shoe structure according to claim 1, wherein the precast tubular pile (1) is a concrete pile or a steel pile.
8. The construction method of the precast tubular pile based on the built-in high expansion material self-expanding pile shoe structure according to claim 1, wherein the diameter-expandable annular plate (206) changes the diameter after the expansion by adjusting the amount of the expansion material (205) pre-filled in the groove cavity or by adjusting the water injection amount.
9. The construction method of the precast tubular pile based on the built-in high expansion material self-expanding pile shoe structure according to claim 1, wherein the expansion material (205) is a water absorbent resin.
10. The construction method of the precast tubular pile based on the built-in high expansion material self-expanding pile shoe structure according to claim 1, wherein the precast tubular pile (1) and the pipe outer limit ring (203) form clearance fit or transition fit.
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| CN202210981226.9A CN115324033B (en) | 2022-08-16 | 2022-08-16 | Prefabricated pipe pile construction method based on built-in high-expansion material self-expanding pile shoe structure |
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| CN202210981226.9A CN115324033B (en) | 2022-08-16 | 2022-08-16 | Prefabricated pipe pile construction method based on built-in high-expansion material self-expanding pile shoe structure |
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| CN115324033A (en) | 2022-11-11 |
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