CN111648465A

CN111648465A - Combined hollow slab basement outer wall

Info

Publication number: CN111648465A
Application number: CN202010556663.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 徐文炜; 王立明; 王冰璇
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-06-17
Filing date: 2020-06-17
Publication date: 2020-09-11
Anticipated expiration: 2040-06-17
Also published as: CN111648465B

Abstract

The invention relates to an integrally assembled combined hollow slab basement exterior wall, which belongs to the technical field of underground structures. The cement soil can be filled and stirred in the slab holes to enhance the anti-permeability and waterproof functions of the prefabricated hollow slab body. The structure column can be arranged in or on the inner side of the underground outdoor wall of the combined hollow slab, and the prefabricated waist beam of the support on the structure column is horizontally arranged on the inner side of the prefabricated hollow slab to provide a fulcrum for the prefabricated hollow slab. The technology disclosed by the invention has the advantages of reducing cost, shortening construction period, facilitating construction, saving energy, protecting environment, improving quality, reducing field manual operation, and having remarkable economic and social benefits and wide application prospect.

Description

Combined hollow slab basement outer wall

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of civil engineering, in particular to the technical field of underground structural engineering, and specifically relates to a combined hollow slab basement exterior wall.

Background

The assembly type building is the mainstream direction of future building industry development in China, and the assembly type adopted by the upper structure in developed areas is common, but the assembly type adopted by the underground structure is just started. The basement structure adopts the engineering of prefabricated post, precast beam even prefabricated floor also to have some examination points, but because waterproof requirement, the basement outer wall adopts the assembled still more cautious in the engineering field, has had the engineering test and the patent literature that has disclosed of solid prefabricated basement outer wall at present, but because prefabrication cost is higher, the connected node is complicated, prefabricated wallboard component is heavier and the construction degree of difficulty is big etc. reason, the prior art still is difficult to conventional application, the urgent need to carry on further research and new technological breakthrough.

The invention provides a new assembled basement outer wall technology to solve the problem, namely a combined hollow slab basement outer wall.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a novel technology which can save the construction period, reduce the cost, facilitate the construction and ensure the waterproof performance, namely the combined hollow slab basement exterior wall.

In order to achieve the purpose, the assembled hollow slab basement exterior wall adopts the following technical scheme:

the combined hollow slab basement exterior wall consists of a hollow precast slab and a waterproof assembly in slab joints, wherein the hollow precast slab is provided with a group of parallel holes in the direction parallel to the long edge, the side surfaces of the hollow core slabs spliced with each other are provided with arc-shaped grooves parallel to the long edge direction, the long edge directions of the hollow core slabs are respectively arranged in the vertical direction and are parallel to each other, a gap is arranged between the two hollow core slabs to form a slab joint, a waterproof component is arranged in the plate seam, the waterproof component comprises an inner hard and outer soft waterproof rod and an inner hard and outer soft hollow rod, the inner hard and outer soft water rods are arranged between the plate seams and are coated by the two opposite arc-shaped grooves, interior hard outer gentle hollow rod set up and be in the crack of board in and than interior hard outer gentle stagnant water stick more be close to the indoor position of basement for stagnant water and dredging water.

The waterproof and waterproof prefabricated hollow slab is characterized in that cement soil is filled in a slab hole of the prefabricated hollow slab, the cement soil is cement soil slurry formed after cement slurry and soil are stirred, and the cement soil is solidified to form a solidified body for enhancing the waterproof and waterproof functions of the slab body of the prefabricated hollow slab. The cement soil has excellent water stopping and water isolating effects, and can be filled in the holes of the prefabricated hollow slab to fully compensate the defects of the anti-permeability and water isolating effects caused by the holes in the slab body.

The inner-hard and outer-soft waterproof rod is in a rod shape, the cross section of the waterproof rod is respectively provided with an outermost flexible hose, a middle C-shaped pipe and a hard core rod positioned in the center of the cross section from the periphery to the center, the outer diameter of the C-shaped pipe is larger than the inner diameter of the flexible hose and smaller than the outer diameter of the hard core rod when the C-shaped pipe is in a natural state, the outer diameter of the flexible hose is larger than the slab joint width of the prefabricated hollow slab or the inner diameter of the arc-shaped groove when the flexible hose is in the natural state, the hard core rod outwards extrudes and expands the C-shaped pipe when the flexible hose, the C-shaped pipe outwards extrudes the flexible hose and the prefabricated hollow slab is not changed in position when the flexible hose, the wall thickness of the flexible hose is compressed to generate elastic extrusion force, and the prefabricated hollow slab. The waterproof method, which can be called mechanical expansion flexible hose water stopping, is more reliable than the existing water-swelling rubber strip.

The flexible hose is made of elastic materials with elastic compression performance, and the elastic materials are rubber or other chemical materials. The C-shaped pipe is an elastic hard pipe with a C-shaped cross section and longitudinal seams along the axis direction of the parallel pipe, is called C-shaped pipe for short, and is made of chemical composite materials (such as plastics) or metal materials. The hard core rod is made of metal materials, chemical composite materials, wood or concrete.

Optionally, the inner-hard and outer-soft waterproof rod is in a rod shape, the cross section of the waterproof rod is respectively provided with an outermost flexible hose and a hard core rod positioned in the center of the cross section from the periphery to the center, the hard core rod is made of concrete or cement mortar or a solidified body of cement paste, the hard core rod is poured into the flexible hose, an expanding agent is added before pouring, the flexible hose is extruded around after solidification, and the position of the prefabricated hollow plate is kept unchanged, so that the wall thickness of the flexible hose is compressed to generate elastic extrusion force to prop up the prefabricated hollow plate, and a water stopping function is formed. The waterproof method, which can be called as manual expansion flexible hose water stopping, is more reliable than the existing water-swelling rubber strip. Because the rainwater inflation rubber strip probably because weather reasons such as rain and the reason of artificial careless omission, expand in advance when not needing the inflation, contract when needing the inflation on the contrary, waterproof stagnant water performance is discounted greatly.

The inner rigid and outer flexible hollow rod can stop water and drain water, the cross section of the inner rigid and outer flexible hollow rod is provided with a flexible hose on the outermost layer and a C-shaped pipe on the inner layer from the periphery to the center, the direction of a longitudinal seam formed on the C-shaped pipe faces the outer side of the basement, the flexible hose is provided with a hole in the position of the longitudinal seam of the C-shaped pipe, a hollow continuous space along the axial direction of the pipe is arranged inside the C-shaped pipe, a drainage channel is formed, and a drainage function is formed. The water stopping performance and the effect of the C-shaped pipe are the same as those of the C-shaped pipe of the hard inner and soft outer water stopping rod, the inner diameter of the flexible hose provided with the hole is smaller than the outer diameter of the C-shaped pipe, the C-shaped pipe can extrude the flexible hose outwards, the wall thickness of the flexible hose is compressed to generate elastic extrusion force, and therefore the prefabricated hollow slab is compressed to form a water stopping function.

Optionally, the hollow rod with the inner rigidity and the outer flexibility can stop water and drain water, a hard core rod arranged at the center of the section can be additionally arranged inside the C-shaped pipe, the cross section of the hard core rod is special-shaped, and a hollow continuous gap along the axial direction of the pipe is formed together with the inner wall of the C-shaped pipe to form a drainage channel, so that a drainage function is formed. The inner diameter of the C-shaped pipe is smaller than the outer diameter of the special-shaped hard core rod, and the C-shaped pipe is further extruded and expanded through the special-shaped hard core rod, so that a better extrusion effect is formed on the peripheral flexible hose, and the water stopping function is improved. The special-shaped hard core rod and the inner wall of the C-shaped pipe can form a continuous gap which is communicated up and down to form a hollow continuous space.

The hole position of the flexible hose and the longitudinal joint position of the C-shaped pipe face the outside of the basement, after other water stopping measures are invalid, unexpected water seepage or water leakage can be conducted into a water collecting pit or a water drainage ditch of the basement by the inner rigid and outer flexible hollow rod, and the wall surface of the basement still keeps a dry state without water marks. The C-shaped pipe and the special-shaped hard core rod have rigidity and elasticity, can adapt to gaps among plate seams after being coated with the flexible hose on the outside and tightly push the prefabricated hollow plate, so that a reliable water stopping effect is formed.

The lower ends of the C-shaped pipe, the hard core rod and the special-shaped hard core rod are wedge-shaped, so that the C-shaped pipe, the hard core rod and the special-shaped hard core rod are convenient to insert and mount.

The side of prefabricated hollow core slab splicing each other be provided with the square groove that is on a parallel with long limit direction, the square groove of two prefabricated hollow core slabs surrounds into the rectangle recess relatively, it forms the board seam to be provided with the clearance between two prefabricated hollow core slabs, board seam and rectangle recess intercommunication, grout material (grout, cement mortar or pea gravel concrete) is filled into in the board seam and the rectangle recess of prefabricated hollow core slab, form convex-concave alternate convexo-concave surface, the infiltration route that has both increased rivers helps waterproofly, the horizontal direction's of following the board seam dislocation of having prevented two prefabricated hollow core slabs again, the wholeness of board seam has been ensured, waterproof reliability is improved.

The upper end of the outer wall of the combined hollow slab basement is used as a horizontal fulcrum by a floor slab structure, and the lower end of the outer wall is used as a horizontal fulcrum by a floor slab or a foundation slab. Optionally, a precast waist beam is additionally arranged on the inner side of the outer wall of the combined hollow slab basement to provide a new pivot between the two pivots of the precast hollow slab, a support of the precast waist beam is arranged on a vertical structural column, a wedge-shaped body or a grouting material (cement paste, cement mortar or fine aggregate concrete) arranged in a bag is arranged in a gap between the precast waist beam and the precast hollow slab, so that a new pivot is provided for the precast hollow slab, the bearing capacity and the rigidity of the precast hollow slab are improved, the shape of the bag adapts to the shape and the size of the gap, and the material can be composite materials such as hemp, plastics, nylon and the like. The precast wale is made of concrete or steel.

Optionally, the structure post is located between the hollow core slabs, and the structure post crust flushes with the crust of the hollow core slab basement outer wall of combination, can save the inner space of basement.

Compared with the prior art, the combined hollow slab basement exterior wall has the following advantages that:

1. the economic benefit is obvious, and the cost is greatly reduced: the outer wall of the combined hollow slab basement adopted by the invention saves steel consumption by more than half compared with the existing cast-in-place or prefabricated solid basement outer wall because the prefabricated hollow slab adopts high-strength prestressed materials, and the cost of cement is far lower than that of concrete. And the prefabricated hollow slab can be manufactured by adopting a long bench production line, even a product is manufactured by directly extruding hard concrete by mechanical equipment, the labor cost is lower, compared with a concrete outer wall cast in situ on site, a large amount of manual workload such as steel bar binding and formwork supporting on site is saved, and the cost is further reduced.

2. The board seam is waterproof has the multichannel line of defence, and waterproof quality is high: the invention discloses a combined hollow slab basement outer wall, which is characterized in that a rectangular groove is arranged, grouting materials are adopted for filling, the relative dislocation of prefabricated hollow slabs at the slab joint is prevented, the integrity of the slab joint is ensured, the water permeation path is increased, the waterproof effect is improved, the water stopping effect is ensured to be more reliable by adopting a method of manually or mechanically expanding a flexible hose by using an inner rigid and outer flexible water stopping rod, the adopted inner rigid and outer flexible hollow rod can stop water again and can be used as a last waterproof measure, the accidental water seepage caused by the leakage of the previous waterproof measures is drained out of a wall body to reach a drainage ditch and a water accumulation pit of a basement, and the inner surface of the basement outer wall is ensured to be dry and free of water. The waterproof assembly with multiple water stopping measures further improves the waterproof effect.

3. The construction is convenient, the advantages of the assembly type are brought into play, the strategic direction of industrial upgrading of the construction industry is met, and the method has wide social benefits: the outer wall of the combined hollow slab basement disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the use of the prefabricated hollow slab reduces the engineering quantity of on-site reinforcement and concrete wet operation, and provides a better choice for coping with the difficulties of labor cost increase and labor shortage in construction sites.

4. The construction speed is fast: the prefabricated hollow slab is hoisted mechanically, the manual caulking is waterproof, the pouring and maintaining time of the on-site binding steel bars, the formwork supporting plates and the concrete is shortened, the construction speed can be greatly improved, and the construction period is shortened.

In a word, the combined hollow slab basement exterior wall has remarkable progress in the aspects of economy, convenience, engineering quality, reduction of construction period and the like compared with the prior art.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a horizontal cross-sectional view of the outer wall of the basement of the composite hollow slab of the invention.

FIG. 2 is a horizontal sectional view of the preformed groove at the side end of the prefabricated hollow plate according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a horizontal sectional view of the slab joint structure of the basement exterior wall of the combined hollow slab of the invention.

Fig. 4 is a horizontal cross-sectional view of the joint structure of the slab and structural columns of the external wall of the basement of the composite hollow slab of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a horizontal cross-section of the (manually expanded) inner-hard and outer-soft water stop bar of the basement exterior wall of the combined hollow slab of the invention.

Fig. 6 is a horizontal cross-section of the (mechanically expanded) inner-hard and outer-soft water stop bar of the basement exterior wall of the composite hollow slab of the invention.

FIG. 7 is a horizontal cross-sectional view of the hollow inner rigid and outer flexible rod (flexible hose without holes) of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a horizontal cross-sectional view of the hollow internal rigid and external flexible rod (flexible hose with holes) of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a horizontal cross-sectional view of the inner rigid and outer flexible hollow rod (flexible hose with holes) with shaped hard core rod of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a horizontal cross-sectional view of the exterior wall of the basement of the composite hollow slab of the present invention on the outside of the structural columns.

Fig. 11 is a horizontal cross-sectional view of the outer wall of the basement and the outer skin of the structural column of the composite hollow slab of the present invention being flush.

Fig. 12 is an inside elevation view of the outer wall of the basement of the combined hollow slab and the structural columns and the precast wale of the present invention.

Reference numerals:

1 prefabricated hollow slab

11 holes

12 arc-shaped groove

13 Square groove

2 soil cement

3 plate seam

31 hard inside and soft outside water stop rod

311 Flexible hose

312 hard core rod

313C-shaped tube

314 longitudinal seam

32 internal rigid and external flexible hollow rod

321 hollow continuous space

322 shaped hard core rod

323 flexible hose

33 grouting material

34 caulking rubber strip

4 structural column

5 prefabricated waist rail

6 floor structure

7 Foundation slab or floor

Detailed Description

In order to clearly understand the technical contents of the present invention, the following examples are given in detail.

Referring to fig. 1 to 12, the outer wall of the combined hollow slab basement is composed of prefabricated hollow slabs 1, cement soil 2 (optional) and slab joints 3, holes 11, arc-shaped grooves 12 and square grooves 13 are reserved at side ends of the prefabricated hollow slabs 1, two adjacent prefabricated hollow slabs 1 are vertically placed in parallel according to the slab joints 3 with set width, a plurality of prefabricated hollow slabs 1 are placed according to the method, a group of waterproof assemblies is arranged in the slab joints 3, and an inner hard outer soft water rod 31, an inner hard outer soft hollow rod 32, a grouting material 33 and a caulking rubber strip 34 are arranged in the outer wall of the combined hollow slab basement.

The inner hard outer flexible water stop rod 31 comprises a flexible hose 311 and a hard core rod 312, or the inner hard outer flexible water stop rod 31 comprises a flexible hose 311, a hard core rod 312 and a C-shaped pipe 313 with a longitudinal seam 314, the flexible hose 311 is inserted into the arc-shaped groove 12, the hard core rod 312 (an expandable solidification body) is inserted into the flexible hose 311, or the C-shaped pipe 313 is inserted into the flexible hose 311, the hard core rod 312 is inserted into the C-shaped pipe 313, the C-shaped pipe 313 is squeezed by the hard core rod 312, the longitudinal seam 314 is enlarged, and the flexible hose 311 is squeezed to form the inner hard outer flexible water stop rod 31.

The hollow rod 32 with rigid inside and flexible outside comprises a flexible hose 311, a C-shaped pipe 313 with a longitudinal seam 314 and a hollow continuous space 321, a special-shaped hard core rod 322 can be additionally arranged inside the C-shaped pipe 313 according to needs, the flexible hose 311 is arranged in a plate seam, the C-shaped pipe 313 is inserted into the flexible hose 311, the positions of the longitudinal seam 314 and a hole 323 of the flexible hose are overlapped and face the outer side of the basement, the special-shaped hard core rod 322 can be inserted into the C-shaped pipe 313 according to needs, the C-shaped pipe 313 is squeezed by the special-shaped hard core rod 322, the flexible hose 311 is squeezed outwards by the C-shaped pipe 313, the flexible hose 311 is enabled to be tightly attached to the prefabricated hollow plate 1, the water stopping effect is achieved, and accidental seepage in the plate seam can enter the hollow continuous space 321 through the hole 323 of the flexible hose and the longitudinal seam 314 to.

And grouting materials 33 are poured into the slab joints 3 and the square grooves 13 after the caulking rubber strips 34 are installed to form complete waterproof slab joints, and if needed, the prefabricated waist beam 5 can be additionally arranged on the structural column 4 to prop against the prefabricated hollow slab 1, so that the combined hollow slab basement outer wall with the prefabricated waist beam 5, the floor slab structure 6 and three supporting points of the foundation slab or the floor slab 7 is formed.

Example 1

The first step is as follows: after the foundation slab or the lower floor slab is constructed, hoisting the prefabricated hollow slab to the outer wall position, and placing the prefabricated hollow slab at a preset position according to the preset slab joint width;

the second step is that: placing a flexible hose in the arc-shaped groove of the plate seam, and pouring an expandable grouting material into the flexible hose to form an inner hard and outer soft water stop rod, or inserting a C-shaped pipe into the flexible hose and inserting a hard core rod into the C-shaped pipe to form an inner hard and outer soft water stop rod;

the third step: placing a flexible hose at a position close to the indoor position of the basement in the slab joint, inserting a C-shaped pipe into the flexible hose, and inserting a special-shaped hard core rod into the C-shaped pipe according to requirements to form a hollow rod with rigid inside and flexible outside;

a fourth step of: and after the caulking rubber strips are installed, grouting materials are poured into the slab joints and the square grooves, and the implementation of the outer wall of the basement of the combined hollow slab is completed.

The combined hollow slab basement exterior wall provided by the invention has the advantages of saving cost, shortening construction period, facilitating construction and improving construction quality, is obviously improved in aspects of economy, convenience, beneficial social performance and the like compared with the prior art, can bring obvious social benefit and economic benefit, and powerfully promotes the industrial upgrading of the building industry.

In this specification, the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments thereof. It will, however, be evident that various modifications and changes may be made thereto without departing from the broader spirit and scope of the invention. The specification and drawings are, accordingly, to be regarded in an illustrative rather than a restrictive sense.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a combination hollow slab basement outer wall for assembled underground structure, a serial communication port, combination hollow slab basement outer wall, by prefabricated hollow slab and the inboard waterproof component of board seam constitute, prefabricated hollow slab be provided with the hole of a set of parallel in the long limit direction of parallel, the side of the mutual concatenation of prefabricated hollow slab be provided with the arc recess that is on a parallel with long limit direction, the long limit direction of prefabricated hollow slab set up respectively at vertical and parallel to each other, be provided with the clearance between two prefabricated hollow slabs and form the board seam, waterproof component contain interior hard outer gentle stagnant water stick and interior hard outer gentle hollow stick, interior hard outer gentle stagnant water stick set up to by two opposite arc recess cladding, interior hard outer gentle hollow stick set up the board seam in and be closer to the indoor position of basement than interior hard outer gentle stagnant water stick, used for stopping water and dredging water.

2. The combined hollow slab basement exterior wall according to claim 1, wherein the slab holes of the prefabricated hollow slabs are filled with cement soil, the cement soil is cement soil slurry formed by stirring cement slurry and soil, and the cement soil slurry becomes a solidified body after solidification, so that the water seepage and water separation resisting functions of the prefabricated hollow slab body are enhanced.

3. The combined hollow slab basement exterior wall according to claim 1, wherein the cross section of the inner hard and outer soft water stop rod is respectively an outermost flexible hose, a middle C-shaped pipe and a hard core rod positioned at the center of the cross section from the periphery to the center, the outer diameter of the C-shaped pipe is larger than the inner diameter of the flexible hose, the inner diameter of the C-shaped pipe is smaller than the outer diameter of the hard core rod, the outer diameter of the flexible hose is larger than the slab joint width of the prefabricated hollow slab or the inner diameter of the arc-shaped groove, the hard core rod outwards extrudes the C-shaped pipe, the C-shaped pipe outwards extrudes the flexible hose, and the prefabricated hollow slab is tightly supported to.

4. The combined hollow slab basement exterior wall according to claim 1, wherein the cross section of the inner hard and outer soft water stop rod is respectively an outermost flexible hose and a hard core rod positioned in the center of the cross section from the periphery to the center, the hard core rod is made of grouting materials, an expanding agent is added into the grouting materials, the grouting materials are poured into the flexible hose, the flexible hose is expanded and extruded around after solidification, and the prefabricated hollow slab is tightly jacked to form a water stop function.

5. The external wall of the basement of the combined hollow slab as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inner rigid and outer flexible hollow rod can stop water and drain water, the cross section of the internal rigid and outer flexible hollow rod is respectively provided with an outermost flexible hose and an inner C-shaped pipe from the periphery to the center, the C-shaped pipe can extrude the flexible hose outwards so as to compress the prefabricated hollow slab to form a water stopping function, the direction of the C-shaped pipe with the longitudinal seam faces the outside of the basement, the flexible hose is provided with a hole at the position of the longitudinal seam of the C-shaped pipe, and a hollow continuous space along the axial direction of the pipe is arranged inside the C-shaped pipe to form a water draining channel so as to form a water draining function.

6. The combined hollow slab basement exterior wall according to claim 1 and claim 5, wherein a hard core rod is additionally arranged in the center of the section of the C-shaped pipe, the cross section of the hard core rod is shaped, a hollow continuous gap along the pipe axis direction is formed with the inner wall of the C-shaped pipe, a hydrophobic channel is formed, a hydrophobic function is formed, and the shaped hard core rod outer wall and the inner wall of the C-shaped pipe are different in shape, and the continuous gap can be formed.

7. The combined hollow slab basement exterior wall according to claim 1, wherein the side surfaces of the two hollow slabs spliced with each other are provided with square grooves parallel to the long side direction, the square grooves of the two hollow slabs are relatively encircled to form rectangular grooves, the slab joints are communicated with the rectangular grooves, grouting materials are filled in the slab joints and the rectangular grooves to form convex-concave surfaces which are alternately convex and concave, and the convex-concave surfaces prevent the two hollow slabs from horizontally shifting along the slab joints, thereby enhancing the water stop function.

8. The combined hollow slab basement exterior wall according to claim 1, wherein the upper end of the prefabricated hollow slab takes a floor slab structure as a horizontal fulcrum, the lower end of the prefabricated hollow slab takes a floor slab or a foundation slab as a horizontal fulcrum, a precast concrete wale is additionally arranged on the inner side of the combined hollow slab basement exterior wall to provide a new fulcrum between the two fulcrums and increase the bearing capacity and rigidity of the prefabricated hollow slab, and the support of the precast wale is arranged on a vertical structural column.