CN111648465B

CN111648465B - Combined hollow slab basement exterior wall

Info

Publication number: CN111648465B
Application number: CN202010556663.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 徐文炜; 王立明; 王冰璇
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-06-17
Filing date: 2020-06-17
Publication date: 2023-05-16
Anticipated expiration: 2040-06-17
Also published as: CN111648465A

Abstract

The invention relates to an assembled integral type combined hollow slab basement outer wall, which belongs to the technical field of underground structures, wherein a group of prefabricated hollow slabs are placed in parallel along the vertical direction in the plane of the basement outer wall, waterproof slab joints are reserved among the prefabricated hollow slabs in the vertical direction, an inner rigid outer flexible water stop rod is arranged in the slab joints for water stop, and an inner rigid outer flexible hollow rod is arranged for water stop and water drainage. The plate holes can be filled with stirring cement soil for enhancing the anti-seepage and waterproof functions of the prefabricated hollow plate body. Structural columns can be arranged in or on the outer wall of the basement of the combined hollow slab, and precast waist beams supported on the structural columns are horizontally arranged on the inner side of the precast hollow slab to provide a fulcrum for the precast hollow slab. The technology disclosed by the invention has the advantages of cost reduction, construction period reduction, convenience in construction, energy conservation and environmental protection, quality improvement, field manual operation reduction, obvious economic benefit and social benefit and wide application prospect.

Description

Combined hollow slab basement exterior wall

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of civil engineering, in particular to the technical field of underground structural engineering, and specifically relates to a combined hollow slab basement outer wall.

Background

The assembled building is the main stream direction of the future building industry in China, the adoption of the assembled building is common in the developed area, but the adoption of the assembled building in the underground structure is just started. The basement structure adopts prefabricated columns, prefabricated beams and even prefabricated floors, but due to the waterproof requirement, the basement outer wall is also cautious in the engineering world by adopting assembly, and at present, solid engineering tests and published patent documents of the prefabricated basement outer wall exist, but due to the reasons of higher prefabrication cost, complicated connecting nodes, heavy prefabricated wallboard components, high construction difficulty and the like, the prior art is difficult to apply conventionally, and further research and new technological breakthrough are urgently needed.

The invention provides a new assembly type basement exterior wall technology to solve the problem, namely, a combined hollow slab basement exterior wall.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a novel technology which can save construction period, reduce cost, is convenient to construct and has reliable waterproof performance, namely a combined hollow slab basement outer wall.

In order to achieve the purpose, the assembled hollow slab basement exterior wall adopts the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a combination hollow slab basement outer wall, comprises the waterproof subassembly in hollow slab and the slab joint, hollow slab be provided with a set of parallel hole in parallel long limit direction hollow slab mutually spliced's side be provided with the arc recess that is on a parallel with long limit direction, hollow slab's long limit direction set up respectively in vertical and mutual parallel, be provided with the clearance between two hollow slabs and form the slab joint, the slab joint in be provided with waterproof subassembly, waterproof subassembly contain interior hard outer gentle water rod and interior hard outer gentle hollow rod, interior hard outer soft water rod set up between the slab joint, by two opposite arc recess cladding, interior hard outer gentle hollow rod set up in the slab joint and be close to the indoor position of basement than interior hard outer soft water rod for stagnant water and dredge water.

Cement soil is filled in the plate holes of the prefabricated hollow plate, is cement soil slurry formed by stirring cement slurry and soil, and becomes a solidified body after the slurry is solidified, so that the anti-seepage water-stopping and water-stopping functions of the prefabricated hollow plate body are enhanced. The cement soil has excellent water stopping and isolating effect, and is filled in the holes of the prefabricated hollow slab, so that the defect of the water stopping and isolating effect caused by the holes in the slab can be fully overcome.

The inner hard outer soft water stop rod is in a rod shape, the cross section of the water stop rod is formed by a C-shaped pipe and a hard core rod, wherein the C-shaped pipe is arranged at the center of the cross section and is respectively an outermost flexible hose and an intermediate layer, the C-shaped pipe is positioned at the center of the cross section, the outer diameter of the C-shaped pipe is larger than the inner diameter of the flexible hose and smaller than the outer diameter of the hard core rod when the C-shaped pipe is in a natural state, the outer diameter of the flexible hose is larger than the width of a slab joint of the prefabricated hollow slab or the inner diameter of an arc-shaped groove when the flexible hose is in a natural state, the C-shaped pipe and the hard core rod are assembled in the slab joint of the prefabricated hollow slab, the C-shaped pipe is extruded outwards by the hard core rod, the position of the prefabricated hollow slab is unchanged, and the wall thickness of the flexible hose is compressed to generate elastic extrusion force, and the prefabricated hollow slab is tightly pressed, so that the water stop function is formed. The waterproof method can be called as mechanical expansion flexible hose water stop, and is more reliable than the existing water expansion rubber strip.

The flexible hose is made of elastic materials with elastic compression performance, and the elastic materials are rubber or other chemical materials. The C-shaped pipe is an elastic hard pipe with a C-shaped section and longitudinal slits along the axis direction of the parallel pipe, and is simply called as a C-shaped pipe, and the material is a chemical composite material (such as plastic) or a metal material. The hard core rod is made of metal materials, chemical composite materials, wood or concrete.

Optionally, the inner hard and outer soft water rod is in a rod shape, the cross section of the water rod is formed by a flexible hose with the outermost layer and a hard core rod positioned in the center of the cross section from the periphery to the center, the hard core rod is made of concrete or cement mortar or cement paste, the hard core rod is filled in the flexible hose, an expanding agent is added before filling, the flexible hose is extruded to the periphery after solidification, the position of the prefabricated hollow plate is kept unchanged, and accordingly the wall thickness of the flexible hose is compressed to generate elastic extrusion force to tightly jack the prefabricated hollow plate, so that the water stop function is formed. The waterproof method can be called as manual expansion flexible hose water stop, and is more reliable than the existing water expansion rubber strip. Because the rainwater expansion rubber strip is likely to expand in advance when expansion is not needed due to weather reasons such as raining and the like and artificial leakage reasons, the waterproof and water-stopping performance is greatly reduced when expansion is needed.

The hollow rod with the rigid inner part and the flexible outer part can not only stop water but also drain water, the cross section of the hollow rod is provided with a flexible hose at the outermost layer and a C-shaped pipe at the inner layer from the periphery to the center, the direction of the longitudinal seam of the C-shaped pipe faces to the outside of the basement, the flexible hose is characterized in that holes are formed in longitudinal joints of the C-shaped pipe, and a hollow continuous space along the axial direction of the pipe is formed in the C-shaped pipe to form a drainage channel, so that a drainage function is formed. The water stopping performance and the effect of the C-shaped pipe are the same as those of the C-shaped pipe of the inner hard outer soft water stopping rod, the inner diameter of the flexible hose provided with the holes is smaller than the outer diameter of the C-shaped pipe, the C-shaped pipe can outwards extrude the flexible hose, the wall thickness of the flexible hose is compressed to generate elastic extrusion force, and therefore the prefabricated hollow slab is compressed, and the water stopping function is formed.

Optionally, the hollow stick with the rigidity inside and the flexibility outside can be watertight, the hard core rod arranged in the center of the section can be additionally arranged in the C-shaped pipe, the cross section of the hard core rod is special-shaped, and a hollow continuous gap along the axial direction of the pipe is formed with the inner wall of the C-shaped pipe to form a drainage channel, so that a drainage function is formed. The inner diameter of the C-shaped pipe is smaller than the outer diameter of the special-shaped hard core rod, the C-shaped pipe is further extruded and expanded through the special-shaped hard core rod, so that a better extrusion effect is formed on the peripheral flexible hose, and the water stopping function is improved. The special-shaped hard core rod and the inner wall of the C-shaped pipe can form a continuous up-and-down through gap to form a hollow continuous space.

The hole position of the flexible hose and the longitudinal seam position of the C-shaped pipe face the outside of the basement, after other water stopping measures fail, unexpected water seepage or water leakage can be led into a water collecting pit or a drainage ditch of the basement by the hollow rod with the rigid inner part and the flexible outer part, and the wall surface of the basement still keeps a dry state without water trace. The C-shaped pipe and the special-shaped hard core rod have rigidity and elasticity, and after the flexible hose is coated outside, the C-shaped pipe and the special-shaped hard core rod can adapt to gaps among slab joints and tightly prop against the prefabricated hollow slab, so that a reliable water stopping effect is formed.

The lower ends of the C-shaped pipe, the hard core rod and the special-shaped hard core rod are wedge-shaped, and the C-shaped pipe, the hard core rod and the special-shaped hard core rod are convenient to insert and install.

The side of each prefabricated hollow slab is provided with square grooves parallel to the long side direction, the square grooves of the two prefabricated hollow slabs are relatively surrounded to form rectangular grooves, gaps are formed between the two prefabricated hollow slabs to form slab joints, the slab joints are communicated with the rectangular grooves, grouting materials (cement paste, cement mortar or fine stone concrete) are filled in the slab joints of the prefabricated hollow slabs and the rectangular grooves to form convex-concave surfaces with alternate convex-concave surfaces, so that the water flow permeation paths are increased, the water resistance is improved, the dislocation of the two prefabricated hollow slabs along the horizontal direction of the slab joints is prevented, the integrity of the slab joints is ensured, and the waterproof reliability is improved.

The upper end of the combined hollow slab basement outer wall takes a floor slab structure as a horizontal fulcrum, and the lower end takes a floor slab or a foundation slab as a horizontal fulcrum. Optionally, a prefabricated waist beam is additionally arranged on the inner side of the basement outer wall of the combined hollow slab to provide a new fulcrum between two fulcra of the prefabricated hollow slab, a support of the prefabricated waist beam is arranged on a vertical structural column, a wedge body or grouting material (cement slurry, cement mortar or fine stone concrete) arranged in a bag is arranged in a gap between the prefabricated waist beam and the prefabricated hollow slab, so that the new fulcrum is provided for the prefabricated hollow slab, the bearing capacity and the rigidity of the prefabricated hollow slab are increased, the shape of the bag is suitable for the shape and the size of the gap, and the material can be composite materials such as hemp, plastics and nylon. The prefabricated waist beam is made of concrete or steel.

Optionally, the structural columns are positioned between the prefabricated hollow plates, and the outer skins of the structural columns are flush with the outer skins of the basement wall of the combined hollow plate, so that the inner space of the basement can be saved.

Compared with the prior art, the combined hollow slab basement outer wall has the following advantages:

1. the economic benefit is obvious, and the cost is greatly reduced: the combined hollow slab basement outer wall adopted by the invention has the advantages that the prefabricated hollow slab adopts high-strength prestress materials, the steel consumption is saved by at least half compared with the existing cast-in-situ or prefabricated solid basement outer wall, the cost of cement soil is far lower than that of concrete, the cement soil is poured and stirred in holes of the prefabricated hollow slab, the water stopping performance of the cement soil is not lower than that of the concrete, and the manufacturing cost is greatly reduced. And the prefabricated hollow slab can be manufactured by adopting a long pedestal production line, and even the product is manufactured by directly extruding dry and hard concrete by mechanical equipment, so that the labor cost is lower, and compared with the on-site cast-in-situ concrete outer wall, a large amount of manual workload such as binding reinforcing steel bars, supporting templates and the like is saved, and the cost is further reduced.

2. The waterproof line that has of board seam, waterproof quality is high: according to the basement outer wall with the combined hollow plates, the rectangular grooves are filled with grouting materials, relative dislocation of the prefabricated hollow plates at the plate joints is prevented, the integrity of the plate joints is ensured, the water permeation path is increased, the waterproof effect is improved, the method of manually or mechanically expanding flexible hoses by the inner rigid outer flexible water stop rods is adopted, the waterproof effect is more reliable, the adopted inner rigid outer flexible hollow rods can stop water again, and as the final waterproof measure, unexpected water seepage generated by the omission of the first few waterproof measures is led out of the wall body to the drainage ditch and the water accumulation pit of the basement, and the dryness and the lack of water on the inner surface of the basement outer wall are ensured. The waterproof assembly with a plurality of water stopping measures further improves the waterproof effect.

3. The construction is convenient, the assembly type advantage is exerted, the industrial upgrading strategy direction of the building industry is met, and the method has wide social benefits: the combined hollow slab basement outer wall disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the use of the prefabricated hollow slab reduces the engineering quantity of site binding steel bars and concrete wet operation, and provides a better choice for coping with the rising of labor cost and the dilemma of labor waste in construction sites.

4. The construction speed is high: the precast hollow slab is mechanically hoisted, the manual caulking is waterproof, the casting and maintenance time of binding reinforcing steel bars, supporting templates and concrete on site is reduced, the construction speed can be greatly improved, and the construction period is shortened.

In a word, the combined hollow slab basement exterior wall has obvious progress in the aspects of economy, convenience, engineering quality, construction period reduction and the like compared with the prior art.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a horizontal cross-sectional view of the exterior wall of a basement of a composite hollow slab of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a horizontal sectional view of a pre-groove at a side end of a hollow slab according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a horizontal cross-sectional view of the seam construction of the exterior wall of the composite hollow slab basement of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a horizontal cross-sectional view of the seam construction of the slab and structural columns of the composite hollow slab basement exterior wall of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a horizontal cross-section of an (artificially expanded) inner hard outer flexible water stop for the outer wall of a basement with a composite hollow slab according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a horizontal cross-section of a (mechanically expanded) inner rigid outer flexible water stop for an exterior wall of a composite hollow slab basement according to the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a horizontal cross-section of the hollow stick of the present invention with rigid inside and flexible outside (where the flexible hose has no holes).

Fig. 8 is a horizontal cross-section of the hollow stick of the present invention with holes in the inner rigid and outer flexible hose.

FIG. 9 is a horizontal cross-section of an inside rigid-outside flexible hollow rod (where the flexible hose has holes) with a shaped hard mandrel according to the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a horizontal cross-sectional view of the exterior wall of the basement of the composite hollow slab of the present invention outside of the structural columns.

FIG. 11 is a horizontal cross-sectional view of the present invention with the assembled hollow slab basement exterior wall and structural column skin flush.

Fig. 12 is an inside elevational view of the composite hollow slab basement exterior wall and structural columns and prefabricated wales of the present invention.

Reference numerals:

1. prefabricated hollow slab

11. Holes and holes

12. Arc-shaped groove

13. Square groove

2. Cement soil

3. Board seam

31. Water stop rod with hard inside and soft outside

311. Flexible hose

312. Hard core rod

313 C-shaped pipe

314. Longitudinal seam

32. Hollow rod with rigid inner part and flexible outer part

321. Hollow continuous space

322. Special-shaped hard core rod

323. Holes in flexible hoses

33. Grouting material

34. Caulking rubber strip

4. Structural column

5. Prefabricated waist beam

6. Floor structure

7. Foundation plate or floor

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical contents of the present invention more clearly understood, the following examples are specifically described.

Referring to fig. 1 to 12, the basement outer wall of the combined hollow slab is composed of a hollow slab 1, cement soil 2 (optional) and slab joints 3, holes 11, arc-shaped grooves 12 and square grooves 13 are reserved at the side ends of the hollow slab 1, two adjacent hollow slabs 1 are placed vertically in parallel according to slab joints 3 with set widths, a plurality of hollow slabs 1 are placed according to the method, and the slab joints 3 comprise a group of waterproof assemblies, inner rigid outer flexible water rods 31, inner rigid outer flexible hollow rods 32, grouting materials 33 and caulking rubber strips 34.

The inner hard outer soft water rod 31 comprises a flexible hose 311 and a hard core rod 312, or the inner hard outer soft water rod 31 comprises a flexible hose 311, a hard core rod 312 and a C-shaped pipe 313 with longitudinal slits 314, the flexible hose 311 is inserted into the arc-shaped groove 12, then the hard core rod 312 (an expansion solidification body) is placed into the flexible hose 311, or the C-shaped pipe 313 is inserted into the flexible hose 311, then the hard core rod 312 is inserted into the C-shaped pipe 313, and the hard core rod 312 extrudes the C-shaped pipe 313 to expand the longitudinal slits 314, so that the flexible hose 311 is extruded, and the inner hard outer soft water rod 31 is formed.

The hollow rod 32 comprises a flexible hose 311, a C-shaped pipe 313 with a longitudinal seam 314 and a hollow continuous space 321, a special-shaped hard core rod 322 can be additionally arranged in the C-shaped pipe 313 according to the requirement, the flexible hose 311 is placed into a plate seam, the C-shaped pipe 313 is inserted into the flexible hose 311, the longitudinal seam 314 and a hole 323 of the flexible hose are overlapped and face to the outer side of the basement, the special-shaped hard core rod 322 can be inserted into the C-shaped pipe 313 again according to the requirement, the special-shaped hard core rod 322 extrudes and expands the C-shaped pipe 313, the C-shaped pipe 313 extrudes the flexible hose 311 outwards, the flexible hose 311 is tightly attached to the prefabricated hollow plate 1, the water stopping effect is exerted, and unexpected seepage in the plate seam can enter the hollow continuous space 321 through the hole 323 of the flexible hose and the longitudinal seam 314 to be dredged into a drainage ditch of the basement.

After the caulking rubber strips 34 are installed, grouting materials 33 are poured into the slab joints 3 and the square grooves 13 to form complete waterproof slab joints, if necessary, prefabricated waist beams 5 can be additionally arranged on the structural columns 4 to prop against the prefabricated hollow slab 1, namely, the combined hollow slab basement outer wall with the prefabricated waist beams 5, the floor slab structures 6 and the three supporting points of the foundation slab or the floor slab 7 is formed.

Example 1

The first step: after the foundation slab or the lower floor slab is constructed, hoisting the prefabricated hollow slab to the position of an outer wall, and placing the prefabricated hollow slab at a preset position according to a preset slab joint width;

and a second step of: a flexible hose is arranged in the arc-shaped groove of the slab joint, an expansion grouting material is poured into the flexible hose to form an inner hard outer soft water rod, or a C-shaped pipe is inserted into the flexible hose, and then a hard core rod is inserted into the C-shaped pipe to form the inner hard outer soft water rod;

and a third step of: placing a flexible hose in the position, close to the basement chamber, in the slab joint, then inserting a C-shaped pipe into the flexible hose, and inserting a special-shaped hard core rod into the C-shaped pipe according to the requirement to form an inner rigid outer flexible hollow rod;

fourth section: after the caulking rubber strips are installed, grouting materials are filled in the slab joints and the square grooves, and implementation of the basement outer wall of the combined hollow slab is completed.

Compared with the prior art, the combined hollow slab basement outer wall provided by the invention has the advantages of saving cost, shortening construction period, facilitating construction, improving construction quality, and being remarkably improved in economical efficiency, convenience, beneficial social performance and the like, and can bring remarkable social benefit and economic benefit, and the industrial upgrading of the building industry is promoted.

In this specification, the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments thereof. It will be apparent, however, that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The specification and drawings are, accordingly, to be regarded in an illustrative rather than a restrictive sense.

Claims

1. The combined hollow slab basement outer wall for the assembled underground structure is characterized by comprising a hollow slab and a waterproof assembly in slab joints, wherein a group of parallel holes are formed in the parallel long side direction of the hollow slab, arc-shaped grooves parallel to the long side direction are formed in the mutually spliced side surfaces of the hollow slab, the long side directions of the hollow slab are respectively arranged vertically and mutually parallel, a gap is formed between the two hollow slabs to form the slab joints, the waterproof assembly comprises an inner rigid outer flexible water rod and an inner rigid outer flexible hollow rod, the inner rigid outer flexible water rod is wrapped by the two opposite arc-shaped grooves, and the inner rigid outer flexible hollow rod is arranged in the slab joints and is closer to the indoor position of the basement than the inner rigid outer flexible water rod and used for sealing and dredging water;

the hollow rod with the rigid inner part and the flexible outer part can not only stop water but also drain water, the cross section of the hollow rod is provided with an outermost flexible hose and an inner C-shaped tube from the periphery to the center, the C-shaped tube can extrude the flexible hose outwards, thereby compacting the hollow precast slab to form a water stop function, the direction of the longitudinal seam of the C-shaped pipe faces to the outside of the basement, holes are formed in the longitudinal seam of the C-shaped pipe, and a hollow continuous space along the axial direction of the pipe is formed in the C-shaped pipe to form a drainage channel to form a drainage function.

2. The basement exterior wall of the combined hollow slab according to claim 1, wherein cement soil is filled in the slab holes of the prefabricated hollow slab, the cement soil is cement soil slurry formed by stirring cement slurry and soil, and the slurry becomes a solidified body after solidification, so that the impervious water-proof function of the slab body of the prefabricated hollow slab is enhanced.

3. The combined hollow slab basement exterior wall according to claim 1, wherein the cross section of the inner hard outer soft water rod is provided with a C-shaped pipe which is provided with an outermost flexible hose, a C-shaped pipe which is provided with a middle layer and a hard core rod which is positioned in the center of the cross section from the periphery to the center, the outer diameter of the C-shaped pipe is larger than the inner diameter of the flexible hose, the inner diameter of the C-shaped pipe is smaller than the outer diameter of the hard core rod, the outer diameter of the flexible hose is larger than the width of a slab joint of the prefabricated hollow slab or the inner diameter of an arc-shaped groove, the hard core rod is used for extruding the C-shaped pipe outwards, the C-shaped pipe is used for extruding the flexible hose, and the prefabricated hollow slab is propped up to form a water stopping function.

4. The basement exterior wall of the combined hollow slab according to claim 1, wherein the cross section of the inner hard outer soft water rod is provided with a flexible hose with the outermost layer from the periphery to the center and a hard core rod positioned in the center of the cross section, the hard core rod is filled in the flexible hose after an expanding agent is added into a grouting material, and the flexible hose is expanded and extruded to the periphery after solidification, so that the hollow slab is tightly propped up to form a water stop function.

5. The combined hollow slab basement exterior wall according to claim 1, wherein a hard core rod arranged in the center of the section is additionally arranged in the C-shaped pipe, the cross section of the hard core rod is special-shaped, a hollow continuous gap along the pipe axis direction is formed together with the inner wall of the C-shaped pipe, a drainage channel is formed, a drainage function is formed, and the special-shaped hard core rod exterior wall is different from the inner wall of the C-shaped pipe, and the continuous gap can be formed.

6. The basement exterior wall of the combined hollow slab according to claim 1, wherein square grooves parallel to the long side direction are formed in the mutually spliced side surfaces of the hollow slabs, the square grooves of the two hollow slabs are relatively surrounded to form rectangular grooves, slab joints are communicated with the rectangular grooves, grouting materials are filled in the slab joints and the rectangular grooves to form convex-concave surfaces with alternate convex-concave surfaces, and the convex-concave surfaces prevent the horizontal dislocation of the two hollow slabs along the slab joints and enhance the water stopping function.

7. The basement exterior wall of the combined hollow slab according to claim 1, wherein the upper end of the prefabricated hollow slab takes a floor slab structure as a horizontal fulcrum, the lower end of the prefabricated hollow slab takes a floor slab or a foundation slab as a horizontal fulcrum, a precast concrete waist beam is additionally arranged on the inner side of the basement exterior wall of the combined hollow slab to provide a new fulcrum for the prefabricated hollow slab between the two fulcrums, the bearing capacity and the rigidity of the prefabricated hollow slab are increased, and the support of the precast waist beam is arranged on a vertical structural column.