CN115323231B - Lithium magnesium alloy for dome and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Lithium magnesium alloy for dome and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115323231B CN115323231B CN202211019933.6A CN202211019933A CN115323231B CN 115323231 B CN115323231 B CN 115323231B CN 202211019933 A CN202211019933 A CN 202211019933A CN 115323231 B CN115323231 B CN 115323231B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C23/00—Alloys based on magnesium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C23/00—Alloys based on magnesium
- C22C23/04—Alloys based on magnesium with zinc or cadmium as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/02—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working in inert or controlled atmosphere or vacuum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/06—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of magnesium or alloys based thereon
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Abstract
The invention relates to a lithium magnesium alloy for a dome and a preparation method thereof, comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 7-10% of Li, 3-5% of Al, 5-10% of Zn, 0.5-1% of Sn, 0.8-1.2% of RE and the balance of Mg; wherein the atomic ratio of Al to Zn is 1 (0.7-0.9). The preparation method comprises the following steps: sequentially carrying out vacuum smelting, casting, homogenization treatment, extrusion treatment and rolling after proportioning according to the formula to obtain the lithium magnesium alloy for the dome; the homogenization treatment is performed under vacuum conditions; the homogenization treatment comprises a first homogenization treatment, a second homogenization treatment and a third homogenization treatment which are sequentially performed. The lithium magnesium alloy provided by the invention has the advantages that the prepared dome has wide audio frequency, stable high-frequency performance and higher sensitivity by adopting a specific proportion, wherein the sensitivity is 3-20DB higher than that of a double-aluminum PMI dome, and the problems of narrower audio frequency and low sensitivity existing in the use of the traditional PMI dome material at present are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of light alloy, in particular to a lithium magnesium alloy for a dome and a preparation method thereof.
Background
At present, the design and the material of the dome serving as a core component for sounding directly influence the performance of the electroacoustic device. The existing dome mainly adopts a sandwich structure of aluminum foil and Polymethacrylimide (PMI) +aluminum foil, and the high-frequency cutoff frequency of the aluminum foil dome of the sandwich structure is within 18.5kHz, so that the performance requirements of people on high tone quality and high audio frequency of a loudspeaker can not be met. The magnesium-lithium alloy is an excellent material for the dome, but has high surface activity, poor corrosion resistance, high treatment cost and the like, so that the development of the magnesium-lithium alloy in the field is limited.
As disclosed in CN111004951, a magnesium-lithium alloy foil, a preparation method and an application thereof, a magnesium-lithium alloy ingot is coiled into an alloy coiled tape with the thickness of 1.5-3.5mm through hot extrusion cogging with large deformation, and then multi-pass coiling and cooling rolling are performed by adopting a four-roller aluminum foil mill provided with a tension roller set and a coiling machine, so that the magnesium-lithium alloy foil is obtained, and the thickness of the magnesium-lithium alloy foil can be reduced to 0.014mm as the thinnest. The foil has the advantages of short preparation flow, high efficiency, less residual stress, fine grains, smoothness and no burrs, and high yield which can reach more than 80%. The magnesium-lithium alloy foil is used for preparing a vibrating diaphragm or a vibrating diaphragm dome base material, and has good damping performance and high fidelity.
CN108817084a discloses a preparation method of an Mg-Li alloy foil, belongs to the technical field of Mg-Li alloy processing, and solves the problem that a magnesium alloy is difficult to prepare a foil with the thickness of less than 0.1mm, and successfully prepares an alloy foil with the thickness of 0.02 mm. The preparation method comprises the steps of vacuum casting, extrusion cogging, hot rolling, cold rolling/vacuum annealing and the like. The prepared Mg-Li alloy foil comprises the following components in percentage by weight: li:8-12%, other alloying elements (Al/Zn/Ca/RE/Mn, etc., single alloying element or several kinds of alloying elements): 0.5-2%, and the thickness is 0.02-0.05mm. The electromagnetic shielding type horn basin has the advantages of simple process and low cost, and is suitable for electromagnetic shielding prevention external packages of high-end sound horn basins and components for aircrafts.
However, the lithium magnesium alloy disclosed at present has the problems of poor stability, easy oxidation of the alloy, narrow audio frequency and low sensitivity when being used as a ball top.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a lithium magnesium alloy for a dome and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the problems that the existing lithium magnesium alloy is poor in stability, easy to oxidize, narrow in audio frequency and low in sensitivity when being used as the dome.
To achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a lithium magnesium alloy for a dome, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 7-10% of Li, 3-5% of Al, 5-10% of Zn, 0.5-1% of Sn, 0.8-1.2% of RE and the balance of Mg;
wherein the atomic ratio of Al to Zn is 1 (0.7-0.9).
The lithium magnesium alloy provided by the invention has the advantages that the prepared lithium magnesium alloy has wide audio frequency, high sensitivity and good damping performance when being used as a ball top by adopting a specific proportion. According to the lithium magnesium alloy, the atomic ratio of Al and Zn in specific mass content is controlled, so that the obtained lithium magnesium alloy has an alpha-Mg and beta-Li dual-phase structure, the Al and Zn are added according to the specific content atomic ratio, the shape of the alpha-phase structure is changed, and the damping performance of the structure serving as an acoustic material is better.
In the present invention, the lithium magnesium alloy for a dome may contain 7 to 10% by mass of Li, for example, 7%, 7.1%, 7.2%, 7.3%, 7.4%, 7.5%, 7.6%, 7.7%, 7.8%, 7.9%, 8%, 8.1%, 8.2%, 8.3%, 8.4%, 8.5%, 8.6%, 8.7%, 8.8%, 8.9%, 9.1%, 9.2%, 9.3%, 9.4%, 9.5%, 9.6%, 9.7%, 9.8%, 9.9% or 10%, etc., but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned values, and other values not mentioned in the above range are equally applicable.
In the present invention, the content of Al in the lithium magnesium alloy for a dome is 3 to 5% by mass, and for example, 3%, 3.1%, 3.2%, 3.3%, 3.4%, 3.5%, 3.6%, 3.7%, 3.8%, 3.9%, 4%, 4.1%, 4.2%, 4.3%, 4.4%, 4.5%, 4.6%, 4.7%, 4.8%, 4.9% or 5% by mass may be 3%, 3.4%, 3.5%, 3.7%, 3.8%, 3.6%, 3.7%, 4.4%, 4.5% or 5% by mass, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned values, and other values not mentioned in the above-mentioned range are equally applicable.
In the present invention, the content of Zn in the lithium magnesium alloy for a dome is 5 to 10% by mass, and for example, may be 5%, 5.1%, 5.2%, 5.3%, 5.4%, 5.5%, 5.6%, 5.7%, 5.8%, 5.9%, 6%, 6.1%, 6.2%, 6.3%, 6.4%, 6.5%, 6.6%, 6.7%, 6.8%, 6.9%, 7.1%, 7.2%, 7.3%, 7.4%, 7.5%, 7.6%, 7.7%, 7.8%, 7.9%, 8.1%, 8.2%, 8.3%, 8.4%, 8.5%, 8.6%, 8.7%, 8.8%, 8.9%, 9.1%, 9.2%, 9.3%, 9.4%, 9.5%, 9.6%, 9.7%, 9.8%, 9.9% or 10%, etc., but the present invention is not limited to the values within the ranges not specifically mentioned.
In the present invention, the content of Sn in the lithium magnesium alloy for a dome is 0.5 to 1% by mass, and may be, for example, 0.5%, 0.51%, 0.52%, 0.53%, 0.54%, 0.55%, 0.56%, 0.57%, 0.58%, 0.59%, 0.6%, 0.61%, 0.62%, 0.63%, 0.64%, 0.65%, 0.66%, 0.67%, 0.68%, 0.69%, 0.7%, 0.71%, 0.72%, 0.73%, 0.74%, 0.75%, 0.76%, 0.77%, 0.78%, 0.79%, 0.8%, 0.81%, 0.82%, 0.83%, 0.84%, 0.85%, 0.86%, 0.87%, 0.88%, 0.89%, 0.9%, 0.91%, 0.92%, 0.93%, 0.94%, 0.95%, 0.96%, 0.97%, 0.98%, 0.99%, or 1% by mass, but the present invention is not limited to the same values.
In the present invention, the content of RE in the lithium magnesium alloy for a dome is 0.8 to 1.2% by mass, and for example, may be 0.8%, 0.81%, 0.82%, 0.83%, 0.84%, 0.85%, 0.86%, 0.87%, 0.88%, 0.89%, 0.9%, 0.91%, 0.92%, 0.93%, 0.94%, 0.95%, 0.96%, 0.97%, 0.98%, 0.99%, 1%, 1.01%, 1.02%, 1.03%, 1.04%, 1.05%, 1.06%, 1.07%, 1.08%, 1.09%, 1.1%, 1.11%, 1.12%, 1.13%, 1.14%, 1.15%, 1.16%, 1.17%, 1.18%, 1.19% or 1.2%, etc., but the present invention is not limited to the values recited in the above, and other values not recited in the above range are equally applicable.
In the present invention, the atomic ratio of Al to Zn in the lithium magnesium alloy for a dome is 1 (0.7-0.9), for example, 1:0.7, 1:0.71, 1:0.72, 1:0.73, 1:0.74, 1:0.75, 1:0.76, 1:0.77, 1:0.78, 1:0.79, 1:0.8, 1:0.81, 1:0.82, 1:0.83, 1:0.84, 1:0.85, 1:0.86, 1:0.87, 1:0.88, 1:0.89, or 1:0.9, etc., but the present invention is not limited to the recited values, and other non-recited values in the range are equally applicable.
As a preferable technical scheme of the present invention, the RE of the lithium magnesium alloy for the dome includes 1 or at least 2 combinations of Ce, la or Gd, for example, a combination of Ce and La, a combination of La and Gd, a combination of Ce and Gd, and the like.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a lithium magnesium alloy for dome use according to the first aspect, the method comprising: sequentially carrying out vacuum smelting, casting, homogenization treatment, extrusion treatment and rolling after proportioning according to the formula to obtain the lithium magnesium alloy for the dome;
the homogenization treatment is performed under vacuum conditions;
the homogenization treatment comprises a first homogenization treatment, a second homogenization treatment and a third homogenization treatment which are sequentially performed.
In the invention, the ball top is prepared by a forming process after rolling, for example, the ball top can be prepared by stamping, forming and die cutting according to different shapes of the ball top design.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the temperature of the first homogenization treatment is 320 to 340 ℃, for example, 320 ℃, 321 ℃, 322 ℃, 323 ℃, 324 ℃, 325 ℃, 326 ℃, 327 ℃, 328 ℃, 329 ℃, 330 ℃, 331 ℃, 332 ℃, 333 ℃, 334 ℃, 335 ℃, 336 ℃, 337 ℃, 338 ℃, 339 ℃, 340 ℃, or the like, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned values, and other non-mentioned values within the above range are equally applicable.
Preferably, the time of the first homogenization treatment is 1-2h, for example, 1.1h, 1.2h, 1.3h, 1.4h, 1.5h, 1.6h, 1.7h, 1.8h, 1.9h, 2h, or the like. But are not limited to, the recited values, and other non-recited values within this range are equally applicable.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the temperature of the second homogenization treatment may be 255 to 280 ℃, for example, 255 ℃, 256 ℃, 257 ℃, 258 ℃, 259 ℃, 260 ℃, 261 ℃, 262 ℃, 263 ℃, 264 ℃, 265 ℃, 266 ℃, 267 ℃, 268 ℃, 269 ℃, 270 ℃, 271 ℃, 272 ℃, 273 ℃, 274 ℃, 275 ℃, 276 ℃, 277 ℃, 278 ℃, 279 ℃, 280 ℃, or the like, but the second homogenization treatment is not limited to the above-mentioned values, and other values not mentioned in the above range are equally applicable.
Preferably, the second homogenization treatment is performed for 3-5 hours, for example, 3 hours, 3.1 hours, 3.2 hours, 3.3 hours, 3.4 hours, 3.5 hours, 3.6 hours, 3.7 hours, 3.8 hours, 3.9 hours, 4 hours, 4.1 hours, 4.2 hours, 4.3 hours, 4.4 hours, 4.5 hours, 4.6 hours, 4.7 hours, 4.8 hours, 4.9 hours, 5 hours, etc., but not limited to the recited values, and other non-recited values within this range are equally applicable.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the temperature of the third homogenization treatment is 300 to 310 ℃, for example, 300 ℃, 301 ℃, 302 ℃, 303 ℃, 304 ℃, 305 ℃, 306 ℃, 307 ℃, 308 ℃, 309 ℃, 310 ℃, or the like, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned values, and other values not mentioned in the above range are equally applicable.
Preferably, the time of the third homogenization treatment is 1 to 1.5 hours, for example, 1 hour, 1.1 hour, 1.2 hours, 1.3 hours, 1.4 hours, or 1.5 hours, etc., but the present invention is not limited to the recited values, and other non-recited values within the range are equally applicable.
The performance of the alloy is further regulated by adopting a specific preparation process, so that the alloy has more stable and excellent acoustic performance when being used as a dome, for example, a specific homogenization treatment process, particularly a treatment temperature and a corresponding treatment section number are adopted, and the magnesium-lithium alloy is easy to dynamically recrystallize in a thermal deformation process, so that the texture components of the magnesium-lithium alloy are changed, the microstructure of the magnesium-lithium alloy is uniformly refined, the alpha+beta double-phase magnesium-lithium alloy has good plasticity and certain high-temperature performance stability, and the acoustic performance of the lithium-magnesium alloy is further improved.
As a preferable embodiment of the present invention, the extrusion treatment includes a first extrusion and a second extrusion which are sequentially performed.
Preferably, the extrusion ratio of the first extrusion is 10 to 15, for example, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 or 15, etc., but are not limited to, the recited values, and other non-recited values within this range are equally applicable.
Preferably, the preheating temperature of the first press is 180 to 250 ℃, and may be 180 ℃, 181 ℃, 182 ℃, 183 ℃, 184 ℃, 185 ℃, 186 ℃, 187 ℃, 188 ℃, 189 ℃, 190 ℃, 191 ℃, 192 ℃, 193 ℃, 194 ℃, 195 ℃, 196 ℃, 197 ℃, 198 ℃, 199 ℃, 200 ℃, 201 ℃, 202 ℃, 203 ℃, 204 ℃, 205 ℃, 206 ℃, 207 ℃, 208 ℃, 209 ℃, 210 ℃, 211 ℃, 212 ℃, 213 ℃, 214 ℃, 215 ℃, 216 ℃, 217 ℃, 218 ℃, 219 ℃, 220 ℃, 221 ℃, 222 ℃, 223 ℃, 224 ℃, 225 ℃, 226 ℃, 227 ℃, 228 ℃, 229 ℃, 230 ℃, 231 ℃, 232 ℃, 233 ℃, 234 ℃, 235 ℃, 236 ℃, 237 ℃, 238 ℃, 239 ℃, 240 ℃, 241 ℃, 242 ℃, 243 ℃, 244 ℃, 245 ℃, 246 ℃, 247 ℃, 248 ℃, 249 ℃, or 250 ℃, etc., but the preheating temperature is not limited to the values recited, and other values not recited in the range are equally applicable.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the second extrusion is to extrude the material into a coiled tape with the thickness of 2-3mm, for example, it may be 2mm, 2.1mm, 2.2mm, 2.3mm, 2.4mm, 2.5mm, 2.6mm, 2.7mm, 2.8mm, 2.9mm or 3mm, etc., but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned values, and other values not mentioned in the above range are equally applicable.
The preheating temperature of the second press is preferably 270 to 300 ℃, and may be 270 to 271 ℃, 272 ℃, 273 ℃, 274 ℃, 275 ℃, 276 ℃, 277 ℃, 278 ℃, 279 ℃, 280 ℃, 281 ℃, 282 ℃, 283 ℃, 284 ℃, 285 ℃, 286 ℃, 287 ℃, 288 ℃, 289, 290 ℃, 291 ℃, 292 ℃, 293 ℃, 294 ℃, 295 ℃, 296 ℃, 297 ℃, 298 ℃, 299 ℃, 300 ℃, or the like, for example, but not limited to the values recited above, and other values not recited in the range are equally applicable.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the rolling comprises the steps of carrying out vacuum annealing on the alloy coiled tape obtained by extrusion treatment at 180-220 ℃ for 45-90min, cooling to room temperature, then carrying out coiling rolling at the roller temperature of 140-160 ℃ to obtain the coiled tape with the thickness of 0.3-0.6mm, and then carrying out coiling rolling at the roller temperature of 160-200 ℃ to obtain the alloy coiled tape with the thickness of a target.
In the present invention, the temperature of the vacuum annealing is 180 to 220 ℃, and for example, 180 ℃, 181 ℃, 182 ℃, 183 ℃, 184 ℃, 185 ℃, 186 ℃, 187 ℃, 188 ℃, 189 ℃, 190 ℃, 191 ℃, 192 ℃, 194 ℃, 195 ℃, 196 ℃, 197 ℃, 198 ℃, 199 ℃, 200 ℃, 201 ℃, 202 ℃, 203 ℃, 204 ℃, 205 ℃, 206 ℃, 207 ℃, 208 ℃, 209 ℃, 210 ℃, 211 ℃, 212 ℃, 213 ℃, 214 ℃, 215 ℃, 216 ℃, 217 ℃, 218 ℃, 219 ℃, 220 ℃, or the like can be used, but the present invention is not limited to the recited values, and other non-recited values in the range are equally applicable.
In the present invention, the time for vacuum annealing is 45 to 90 minutes, and for example, 45 minutes, 50 minutes, 55 minutes, 60 minutes, 65 minutes, 70 minutes, 75 minutes, 80 minutes, 85 minutes, or 90 minutes may be used, but the present invention is not limited to the recited values, and other values not recited in the range are equally applicable.
In the present invention, the rolling is performed at a roll temperature of 140 to 160 ℃ after cooling to room temperature, and for example, 140 ℃, 142 ℃, 144 ℃, 146 ℃, 148 ℃, 150 ℃, 152 ℃, 154 ℃, 156 ℃, 158 ℃, 160 ℃ or the like may be used, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned values, and other values not mentioned in the above range are equally applicable.
In the present invention, a tape of 0.3 to 0.6mm is obtained, and for example, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.6mm or the like may be used, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned values, and other values not mentioned in the above range are equally applicable.
In the present invention, the alloy roll tape having a target thickness is rolled at a roll temperature of 160 to 200 ℃, and for example, 160 ℃, 161 ℃, 162 ℃, 163 ℃, 164 ℃, 165 ℃, 166 ℃, 167 ℃, 168 ℃, 169 ℃, 170 ℃, 171 ℃, 172 ℃, 173 ℃, 174 ℃, 175 ℃, 176 ℃, 177 ℃, 178 ℃, 179 ℃, 180 ℃, 181 ℃, 182 ℃, 183 ℃, 184 ℃, 185 ℃, 186 ℃, 188 ℃, 189 ℃, 190 ℃, 191 ℃, 192 ℃, 193 ℃, 194 ℃, 195 ℃, 196 ℃, 197 ℃, 198 ℃, 169 ℃, 200 ℃, or the like may be used, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned values, and other non-mentioned values in the above range are equally applicable.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the preparation method comprises the following steps: sequentially carrying out vacuum smelting, casting, homogenization treatment, extrusion treatment and rolling after proportioning according to the formula to obtain the lithium magnesium alloy for the dome;
the homogenization treatment is performed under vacuum conditions; the homogenization treatment comprises a first homogenization treatment, a second homogenization treatment and a third homogenization treatment which are sequentially carried out; the temperature of the first homogenization treatment is 320-340 ℃; the time of the first homogenization treatment is 1-2h; the temperature of the second homogenization treatment is 255-280 ℃; the second homogenization treatment time is 3-5h; the temperature of the third homogenization treatment is 300-310 ℃; the time of the third homogenization treatment is 1-1.5h;
the extrusion treatment comprises a first extrusion and a second extrusion which are sequentially carried out; the extrusion ratio of the first extrusion is 10-15; the preheating temperature of the first extrusion is 180-250 ℃; the second extrusion is to extrude the material into a coiled tape with the thickness of 2-3 mm; the preheating temperature of the second extrusion is 270-300 ℃;
the rolling comprises the steps of carrying out vacuum annealing on the alloy coiled tape obtained through extrusion treatment at 180-220 ℃ for 45-90min, cooling to room temperature, then carrying out coiling rolling at the roller temperature of 140-160 ℃ to obtain the coiled tape with the thickness of 0.3-0.6mm, and then carrying out coiling rolling at the roller temperature of 160-200 ℃ to obtain the alloy coiled tape with the target thickness.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
the dome processed by the material has excellent acoustic performance, good stability, high elastic modulus, wider acoustic frequency reaching more than 22.2kHz and better sensitivity. The sensitivity is 3-20DB higher than that of the double-aluminum PMI dome, and the problems of narrower audio frequency and low sensitivity existing in the use of the traditional PMI dome material at present are solved.
Detailed Description
For a better illustration of the present invention, which is convenient for understanding the technical solution of the present invention, exemplary but non-limiting examples of the present invention are as follows:
example 1
The embodiment provides a lithium magnesium alloy for a dome, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: li 8.2%, al 4.3%, zn 7.6%, sn 0.7%, ce 1.01% and the balance Mg;
wherein, the atomic ratio of Al to Zn is 1:0.74;
the following method is adopted the preparation is carried out and the preparation method, comprising the following steps: sequentially carrying out vacuum melting, casting, homogenization treatment, extrusion treatment and rolling after proportioning according to the formula, obtaining lithium magnesium alloy for the dome;
the homogenization treatment is performed under vacuum conditions; the homogenization treatment comprises a first homogenization treatment, a second homogenization treatment and a third homogenization treatment which are sequentially carried out; the temperature of the first homogenization treatment is 330 ℃; the time of the first homogenization treatment is 1.5h; the temperature of the second homogenization treatment is 266 ℃; the time of the second homogenization treatment is 4h; the temperature of the third homogenization treatment is 305 ℃; the time of the third homogenization treatment is 1.2h;
the extrusion treatment comprises a first extrusion and a second extrusion which are sequentially carried out; the extrusion ratio of the first extrusion is 12; the preheating temperature of the first extrusion is 220 ℃; the second extrusion is to extrude the material into a coiled tape with the thickness of 2 mm; the preheating temperature of the second extrusion is 285 ℃;
the rolling comprises the steps of carrying out vacuum annealing on the alloy coiled tape obtained through extrusion treatment at 200 ℃ for 70min, cooling to room temperature, then carrying out coiling rolling at 150 ℃ to obtain the coiled tape with the thickness of 0.4mm, and then carrying out coiling rolling at 180 ℃ to obtain the alloy coiled tape with the thickness of a target.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a lithium magnesium alloy for a dome, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 7% of Li, 5% of Al, 5% of Zn, 0.5% of Sn, 1.2% of La and the balance of Mg;
wherein the atomic ratio of Al to Zn is 1:0.4;
the preparation method comprises the following steps: sequentially carrying out vacuum smelting, casting, homogenization treatment, extrusion treatment and rolling after proportioning according to the formula to obtain the lithium magnesium alloy for the dome;
the homogenization treatment is performed under vacuum conditions; the homogenization treatment comprises a first homogenization treatment, a second homogenization treatment and a third homogenization treatment which are sequentially carried out; the temperature of the first homogenization treatment is 340 ℃; the time of the first homogenization treatment is 2h; the temperature of the second homogenization treatment is 280 ℃; the second homogenization treatment time is 5h; the temperature of the third homogenization treatment is 300 ℃; the time of the third homogenization treatment is 1h;
the extrusion treatment comprises a first extrusion and a second extrusion which are sequentially carried out; the extrusion ratio of the first extrusion is 10; the preheating temperature of the first extrusion is 250 ℃; the second extrusion is to extrude the material into a coiled tape with the thickness of 3 mm; the preheating temperature of the second extrusion is 300 ℃;
the rolling comprises the steps of carrying out vacuum annealing on the alloy coiled tape obtained through extrusion treatment at 180 ℃ for 90min, cooling to room temperature, then carrying out coiling rolling at the roller temperature of 140 ℃ to obtain the coiled tape with the thickness of 0.6mm, and then carrying out coiling rolling at the roller temperature of 160 ℃ to obtain the alloy coiled tape with the thickness of interest.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a lithium magnesium alloy for a dome, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10% of Li, 3% of Al, 10% of Zn, 1% of Sn, 0.8% of Gd and the balance of Mg;
wherein the atomic ratio of Al to Zn is 1:1.4;
the preparation method comprises the following steps: sequentially carrying out vacuum smelting, casting, homogenization treatment, extrusion treatment and rolling after proportioning according to the formula to obtain the lithium magnesium alloy for the dome;
the homogenization treatment is performed under vacuum conditions; the homogenization treatment comprises a first homogenization treatment, a second homogenization treatment and a third homogenization treatment which are sequentially carried out; the temperature of the first homogenization treatment is 320 ℃; the time of the first homogenization treatment is 1h; the temperature of the second homogenization treatment is 255 ℃; the time of the second homogenization treatment is 3h; the temperature of the third homogenization treatment is 310 ℃; the time of the third homogenization treatment is 1.5h;
the extrusion treatment comprises a first extrusion and a second extrusion which are sequentially carried out; the first extrusion the extrusion ratio of (2) was 15; the preheating temperature of the first extrusion is 180 ℃; the second extrusion is to extrude the material into a coiled tape with the thickness of 2 mm; the preheating temperature of the second extrusion is 270 ℃;
the rolling comprises the steps of carrying out vacuum annealing on the alloy coiled tape obtained through extrusion treatment at 220 ℃ for 45min, cooling to room temperature, then carrying out coiling rolling at 160 ℃ to obtain the coiled tape with the thickness of 0.3mm, and then carrying out coiling rolling at 220 ℃ to obtain the alloy coiled tape with the thickness of a target.
Example 4
The only difference from example 1 is that the atomic ratio of Al and Zn is 1:0.2.
Example 5
The only difference from example 1 is that the atomic ratio of Al and Zn is 1:2.
Example 6
The difference from example 1 is only that the Zn content is 2%.
Example 7
The difference from example 1 is only that only the first homogenization treatment is performed in the homogenization treatment.
Example 8
The difference from example 1 is only that only the second homogenization treatment is performed in the homogenization treatment.
Example 9
The difference from example 1 is only that the third homogenization treatment is performed in the homogenization treatment.
Example 10
The difference from example 1 is only that the first homogenization treatment is not performed in the homogenization treatment.
Example 11
The difference from example 1 is only that the second homogenization treatment is not performed in the homogenization treatment.
Example 12
The difference from example 1 is only that the third homogenization treatment is not performed in the homogenization treatment.
The alloy materials obtained in examples 1 to 12 were subjected to mechanical property detection and further processed into a dome (dome shape is concave, namely, sheet alloy is punched, and a concave groove is punched), and acoustic property detection was performed (sensitivity test was performed according to standard IEC-318 arc Ear), and specific detection results are shown in table 1.
In the invention, when the alloy material is used as a dome material, the thickness of the dome material is usually 0.03-0.1mm, and in the invention, when the mechanical properties of the materials obtained in examples 1-12 are detected, the thickness of the dome is uniformly regulated to be 0.07mm.
TABLE 1
| Audio/kHz | Elasticity of modulus/GPa | sensitivity/dB | |
| Example 1 | 23.7 | 43.6 | 117.2 |
| Example 2 | 22.2 | 45.2 | 115.1 |
| Example 3 | 22.9 | 44.3 | 116..4 |
| Example 4 | 20.1 | 38.1 | 111.5 |
| Example 5 | 20.6 | 37.3 | 108.3 |
| Example 6 | 19.5 | 36.1 | 110.1 |
| Example 7 | 18.5 | 38.7 | 109.2 |
| Example 8 | 20.8 | 36.6 | 110.3 |
| Example 8 | 20.3 | 38.8 | 112.5 |
| Example 9 | 18.5 | 34.6 | 110.2 |
| Example 10 | 18.7 | 36.7 | 109.8 |
| Example 11 | 19.2 | 38.4 | 111.5 |
| Example 12 | 20.0 | 35.9 | 112.7 |
As shown by the results of the examples, compared with a double-aluminum PMI material (with the sound frequency of 16-18kHz, the elastic modulus of 2-3GPa and the sensitivity of 90-100 dB), the dome processed by the material disclosed by the invention has the advantages of excellent acoustic performance, good stability, wider sound frequency and better sensitivity.
It is stated that the detailed structural features of the present invention are described by the above embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above detailed structural features, i.e., it does not mean that the present invention must be implemented depending on the above detailed structural features. It should be apparent to those skilled in the art that any modifications of the present invention, equivalent substitutions of selected components of the present invention, addition of auxiliary components, selection of specific modes, etc., are within the scope of the present invention and the scope of the disclosure.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, and all the simple modifications belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In addition, the specific features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner, and in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various possible combinations are not described further.
Moreover, any combination of the various embodiments of the invention can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which should also be considered as disclosed herein.
Claims (9)
1. The lithium magnesium alloy for the dome is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 7-10% of Li, 3-5% of Al, 5-10% of Zn, 0.5-1% of Sn, 0.8-1.2% of RE and the balance of Mg;
wherein the atomic ratio of Al to Zn is 1 (0.7-0.9); has a double-phase structure of alpha-Mg and beta-Li;
the preparation method comprises the following steps: sequentially carrying out vacuum smelting, casting, homogenization treatment, extrusion treatment and rolling after proportioning according to the formula to obtain the lithium magnesium alloy for the dome;
the homogenization treatment is performed under vacuum conditions;
the homogenization treatment comprises a first homogenization treatment, a second homogenization treatment and a third homogenization treatment which are sequentially carried out; the temperature of the first homogenization treatment is 320-340 ℃; the time of the first homogenization treatment is 1-2h; the temperature of the second homogenization treatment is 255-280 ℃; the second homogenization treatment time is 3-5h; the temperature of the third homogenization treatment is 300-310 ℃; the time of the third homogenization treatment is 1-1.5h;
the rolling comprises the steps of carrying out vacuum annealing on the alloy coiled tape obtained through extrusion treatment at 180-220 ℃ for 45-90min, cooling to room temperature, then carrying out coiling rolling at the roller temperature of 140-160 ℃ to obtain the coiled tape with the thickness of 0.3-0.6mm, and then carrying out coiling rolling at the roller temperature of 160-200 ℃ to obtain the alloy coiled tape with the target thickness.
2. The lithium magnesium alloy for a dome according to claim 1, wherein RE of the lithium magnesium alloy for a dome comprises 1 or a combination of at least 2 of Ce, la, or Gd.
3. A method for producing the lithium magnesium alloy for dome use according to claim 1 or 2, comprising: sequentially carrying out vacuum smelting, casting, homogenization treatment, extrusion treatment and rolling after proportioning according to the formula to obtain the lithium magnesium alloy for the dome;
the homogenization treatment is performed under vacuum conditions;
the homogenization treatment comprises a first homogenization treatment, a second homogenization treatment and a third homogenization treatment which are sequentially carried out; the temperature of the first homogenization treatment is 320-340 ℃; the time of the first homogenization treatment is 1-2h; the temperature of the second homogenization treatment is 255-280 ℃; the second homogenization treatment time is 3-5h; the temperature of the third homogenization treatment is 300-310 ℃; the time of the third homogenization treatment is 1-1.5h;
the rolling comprises the steps of carrying out vacuum annealing on the alloy coiled tape obtained through extrusion treatment at 180-220 ℃ for 45-90min, cooling to room temperature, then carrying out coiling rolling at the roller temperature of 140-160 ℃ to obtain the coiled tape with the thickness of 0.3-0.6mm, and then carrying out coiling rolling at the roller temperature of 160-200 ℃ to obtain the alloy coiled tape with the target thickness.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the extrusion process comprises a first extrusion and a second extrusion performed sequentially.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the first extrusion has an extrusion ratio of 10 to 15.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein the first extrusion has a pre-heat temperature of 180-250 ℃.
7. The method of claim 4, wherein the second extrusion is extruding the material as a roll of tape having a thickness of 2-3 mm.
8. The method of claim 4, wherein the second extrusion has a pre-heat temperature of 270 to 300 ℃.
9. The method of any one of claims 3-8, wherein the method of preparation comprises: sequentially carrying out vacuum smelting, casting, homogenization treatment, extrusion treatment and rolling after proportioning according to the formula to obtain the lithium magnesium alloy for the dome;
the homogenization treatment is performed under vacuum conditions; the homogenization treatment comprises a first homogenization treatment, a second homogenization treatment and a third homogenization treatment which are sequentially carried out; the temperature of the first homogenization treatment is 320-340 ℃; the time of the first homogenization treatment is 1-2h; the temperature of the second homogenization treatment is 255-280 ℃; the second homogenization treatment time is 3-5h; the temperature of the third homogenization treatment is 300-310 ℃; the time of the third homogenization treatment is 1-1.5h;
the extrusion treatment comprises a first extrusion and a second extrusion which are sequentially carried out; the extrusion ratio of the first extrusion is 10-15; the preheating temperature of the first extrusion is 180-250 ℃; the second extrusion is to extrude the material into a coiled tape with the thickness of 2-3 mm; the preheating temperature of the second extrusion is 270-300 ℃;
the rolling comprises the steps of carrying out vacuum annealing on the alloy coiled tape obtained through extrusion treatment at 180-220 ℃ for 45-90min, cooling to room temperature, then carrying out coiling rolling at the roller temperature of 140-160 ℃ to obtain the coiled tape with the thickness of 0.3-0.6mm, and then carrying out coiling rolling at the roller temperature of 160-200 ℃ to obtain the alloy coiled tape with the target thickness.
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| US5059390A (en) * | 1989-06-14 | 1991-10-22 | Aluminum Company Of America | Dual-phase, magnesium-based alloy having improved properties |
| JP3261436B2 (en) * | 1992-03-25 | 2002-03-04 | 三井金属鉱業株式会社 | Lightweight high strength magnesium alloy |
| JPH0941066A (en) * | 1995-08-01 | 1997-02-10 | Mitsui Mining & Smelting Co Ltd | Magnesium alloy capable of cold press working |
| JP2003226929A (en) * | 2002-02-01 | 2003-08-15 | Kasatani:Kk | Cold press forming method for magnesium alloy |
| JP5643498B2 (en) * | 2009-09-11 | 2014-12-17 | 株式会社三徳 | Magnesium-lithium alloy, rolled material, molded product, and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN104498793B (en) * | 2015-01-04 | 2016-08-24 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | High-strength tenacity magnesium lithium alloy and plain carbon steel by accumulative roll-bonding prepare the method for high-strength tenacity magnesium lithium alloy |
| CN111004951B (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2021-09-03 | 郑州轻研合金科技有限公司 | Magnesium-lithium alloy foil and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113502422B (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2022-06-07 | 清华大学 | High-strength-toughness magnesium-lithium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN114540686B (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2023-01-17 | 北京理工大学 | Multi-element microalloyed high-strength high-modulus two-phase magnesium-lithium alloy and preparation method thereof |
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