CN115322496A - Foaming PVC composite material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Foaming PVC composite material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115322496A CN115322496A CN202210968755.5A CN202210968755A CN115322496A CN 115322496 A CN115322496 A CN 115322496A CN 202210968755 A CN202210968755 A CN 202210968755A CN 115322496 A CN115322496 A CN 115322496A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/32—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof from compositions containing microballoons, e.g. syntactic foams
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
- C08J9/14—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent organic
- C08J9/141—Hydrocarbons
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
- C08J2203/14—Saturated hydrocarbons, e.g. butane; Unspecified hydrocarbons
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2327/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2327/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08J2327/04—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
- C08J2327/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl chloride
Abstract
The invention discloses a foamed PVC composite material and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of high polymer materials. The average diameter of foam pores in the foamed PVC composite material is 100-400 mu m, and the density of the foamed PVC composite material is 0.8-1.0 g/cm 3 . Through specific cell size and density, the sound absorption coefficient and the noise reduction coefficient of the foaming PVC composite material to low-frequency noise are effectively improved, a good noise reduction effect is also achieved on high-frequency noise, and the heat insulation performance of the material can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of high polymer materials, and in particular relates to a foamed PVC composite material and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The drainage pipe refers to a system consisting of a pipe channel for collecting and discharging sewage, wastewater and rainwater and auxiliary facilities thereof, and is generally laid in the wall body of a public building or a residential building. The existing PVC drain pipe is generally a single-layer pipe, and in the using process, water flow forms series flow disturbance in a pipe cavity to easily generate larger water flow sound, and noise is polluted by noise caused by the transmission of the noise through a wall body. Furthermore, the drain pipe needs to have a certain thermal insulation property.
In order to solve the noise problem, the prior art discloses a PVC-based sound insulation material, which comprises a multilayer structure formed by alternately laminating a PVC sound insulation layer and a PVC foaming layer, wherein the PVC foaming layer is prepared by mixing PVC resin and a foaming agent, and the foaming agent can enable the PVC foaming layer to form a microporous structure, so that the sound insulation at the 2000Hz center frequency is improved to more than 30 dB. However, the noise is high frequency noise of 2000Hz, but it is not improved for the reduction of low frequency noise of about 1000Hz, and it is not improved for the thermal insulation property of the material.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the existing PVC sound insulation material has poor noise reduction effect and poor heat insulation performance for low-frequency noise about 1000Hz, and provides a foaming PVC composite material, which effectively improves the sound absorption coefficient and the noise reduction coefficient of the foaming PVC composite material for the low-frequency noise through specific bubble size and density, has good noise reduction effect for the high-frequency noise, and can improve the heat insulation performance of the material.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the foaming PVC composite material.
The invention also aims to provide application of the noise-proof PVC composite material in preparing noise-proof PVC pipes.
The invention also aims to provide the noise-proof PVC pipe.
The above purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the foamed PVC composite material has the average diameter of the foam pores of 100-400 microns and the density of 0.8-1.0 g/cm 3 。
According to the foamed PVC composite material, the average diameter and the material density of the foam holes are controlled, so that the sound absorption coefficient and the noise reduction coefficient of the foamed PVC composite material on low-frequency noise are effectively improved, the foamed PVC composite material also has a good noise reduction effect on high-frequency noise, and the heat insulation performance of the material is effectively improved.
In the invention, the noise reduction coefficient of the material is the average sound absorption coefficient of the material under the central frequencies of 250Hz, 500Hz, 1000Hz and 2000 Hz.
The sound absorption and noise reduction of the material are adjusted by the cell diameter. Combining a sound absorption mechanism: when the sound waves are transmitted to the surface of the foaming material, except for a small part of the sound waves which are reflected, the rest sound waves enter the interior of the foaming material from the surface micropores of the material, and the vibration effect of the sound waves drives the gas phase and the thinner solid phase in the pores of the foaming material to vibrate, namely, the resonance effect is generated, so that the sound energy is consumed; furthermore, since there are many cells in the internal structure of the foam and each cell can be considered to be similar to a helmholtz resonator, the air present in the cavity acts as a spring, there are a certain number of air columns in the cells, and these columns have a certain mass and can be considered to be a mass block, so it is similar to a mass-spring resonance system. When the sound wave vertically propagates to the resonator, the air column in the hole generates reciprocating motion to generate friction, so that energy conversion is generated and sound energy is consumed. It can be seen that the low frequency sound waves are absorbed mainly inside the material, while the high frequency sound waves are absorbed at the surface of the material. When the size of the foam hole is smaller, under the condition of the same volume, the number of Helmholtz resonators formed by the size of the small foam hole is large, the Helmholtz resonance effect of incident sound waves in the foaming material is remarkable, and the friction between the incident sound waves and a solid phase is promoted, so that the dissipation of low-frequency sound energy is increased, and the low-frequency sound absorption performance is improved. When the size of the foam material foam hole is too large, under the condition that the size and the volume of the foam hole are constant, the Helmholtz resonators formed in the material are fewer, so that the effective damping friction and reflection action generated by sound waves and the foam hole wall are reduced, the low-frequency sound energy loss is small, and the high-frequency sound absorption effect is increased to a certain extent.
In addition, the average diameter of the cells and the density of the material also affect the thermal insulation performance of the material, because the heat transfer mechanism of the foam material mainly refers to conduction heat transfer, and the diffusion coefficient and specific heat capacity of heat in the material increase with the increase of the cell size, so that the heat diffusion in the material is accelerated, the heat conductivity is increased, and the thermal insulation effect of the foam material is reduced. When the size of the foam hole is smaller, the average free path of molecules in the foaming material is larger, and because the heat carrier of the polymer foaming material is a molecule, when the heat quantity difference exists in the material, the probability of pairwise collision between gas-phase molecules in the material due to heated vibration is smaller, the conduction and heat transfer process of the material is promoted to be reduced, the heat loss is low, namely the heat conductivity coefficient is lower, and the heat insulation performance of the material is improved; when the size of the foam material cells is too large, the average free path of molecules in the foam material is reduced to a small value, the collision probability of gas-phase molecules in the foam material due to vibration is increased, the conduction and heat transfer process of the material is aggravated, the heat loss is seriously increased, the heat conductivity coefficient of the material is increased, and the heat preservation effect is reduced.
The higher the density of the foaming material is, the lower the heat conductivity coefficient is, and the better the heat preservation performance is.
In order to further improve the sound absorption coefficient and the noise reduction coefficient of the foamed PVC composite material to low-frequency noise, the average diameter of foam holes in the foamed PVC composite material is 150-200 mu m.
The invention also provides a preparation method of any one of the foaming PVC composite materials, which comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a solid foaming agent:
preparing a water phase: adding a dispersing agent, a surfactant and sodium chloride into water, and uniformly stirring to prepare a water-phase dispersion system;
preparing an oil phase: adding a cross-linking agent, an initiator and a low-boiling-point foaming agent into a double-bond organic matter, and uniformly stirring to prepare an oil-phase mixed solution;
adding the oil phase mixed solution into the water phase dispersion system to form an emulsion, performing suspension polymerization to obtain a suspension, washing and drying to obtain a solid foaming agent;
s2, uniformly mixing PVC, a solid foaming agent and a vulcanizing agent, and performing melt extrusion through an extruder, wherein the foaming temperature is 185-195 ℃, so as to obtain the foamed PVC composite material;
in S1, the low-boiling-point foaming agent is n-hexane and/or isooctane;
the double-bond organic matter comprises an acrylate monomer and acrylonitrile, and the mass ratio of the acrylate monomer to the acrylonitrile is (0.55-0.7): (0.3 to 0.45);
the mass ratio of the low-boiling-point foaming agent to the double-bond organic matters is (0.35-0.5): 1;
the suspension polymerization reaction temperature is 50-60 ℃, and the reaction time is 20-24 h;
in S2, the mass ratio of PVC to the solid foaming agent is 1: (0.045-0.05).
In the preparation of the solid foaming agent, the oil phase can form a thermoplastic polymer shell, and the low-boiling-point foaming agent is decomposed to generate gas in the preparation process of the foaming PVC composite material, so that a capsule structure formed by wrapping the low-boiling-point foaming agent and other capsule cores by the thermoplastic polymer shell is formed.
In practical application, the conical double screw is used for supplying molten materials to converge and co-extrude in a composite pipe die to obtain the foamed PVC composite material with the foamed skin layer. In the process, the solid foaming agent developed by the invention is a microcapsule-like foaming agent which takes low-boiling-point n-hexane and/or isooctane as a foaming agent and takes thermoplastic polymers with good air tightness as shells, under the condition of heating, the low-boiling-point foaming agent is vaporized to generate vapor pressure to push the softened shells to expand to generate a thermal expansion effect, the diameter of the shell can be expanded to several times to dozens of times of the original diameter, and the expanded solid foaming agent can keep the stability of a spherical shape in a certain temperature range, so that closed pores are formed
In the present invention, the dispersant may be a suspension of a hydroxide colloid or a nano inorganic substance, for example, one or more of a magnesium hydroxide colloid, a nano silica, or a nano graphene suspension.
In S3, the dispersing agent can enable double-bond organic matters to be uniformly dispersed in a water phase in a small-droplet form after being mechanically stirred, and the dispersing agent can be attached to the surfaces of acrylic ester monomers and acrylonitrile monomer droplets to form a protective layer after being added to prevent the monomer droplets from being adhered, so that the prepared solid foaming agent is good in spherical regularity, and the whole particle size is reduced. Along with the reduction of the particle size of the solid foaming agent, the foam morphology of the foaming material is gradually regular, the foam cell wall tends to be complete, and the foam phenomenon is improved; at the same time, the average cell size also gradually decreases and the distribution gradually concentrates.
Wherein the average particle diameter of the solid foaming agent prepared in S1 is 1-20 μm.
The surfactant may be sodium lauryl sulfate.
The sodium chloride is used for forming a saturated aqueous solution, preventing the monomer in the oil phase from diffusing to the water phase and maintaining the interface stable.
The crosslinking agent may be ethylene glycol dimethacrylate.
The initiator may be azobisisobutyronitrile.
The sulfurizing agent may be dicumyl peroxide.
The acrylate monomer can be one or more of methyl methacrylate, hydroxypropyl acrylate, dipropylene glycol diacrylate or trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate.
In S2, when the foaming temperature is lower than 185 ℃, the material is only partially foamed, and the foaming effect is poor; when the foaming temperature is higher than 195 ℃, cell combination and cell wall breakage can occur, and the noise reduction effect of the material can be reduced.
With the increase of the proportion of the low-boiling-point foaming agent, the expansion effect of the solid foaming agent is better, that is, the size of foam cells of the foaming material is larger, but when the mass ratio of the low-boiling-point foaming agent to the double-bond organic matters is larger than 0.5, the spherical form of the solid foaming agent gradually disappears, the number of damaged products is increased, the agglomeration phenomenon is aggravated, which is shown in that the solid foaming agent is rapidly broken when being heated, and the noise reduction performance of the material is poor.
Wherein in S1, the mass ratio of the dispersant, the surfactant, the sodium chloride and the water is (0.05-0.1): (0.01-0.05): (0.2-0.3): 1.
the mass ratio of the cross-linking agent, the initiator, the low-boiling point foaming agent and the double-bond organic matter is (0.001-0.01): (0.05-0.15): (0.35-0.5): 1.
preferably, the mass ratio of the low-boiling-point foaming agent to the double-bond organic matter is (0.4-0.5): 1.
preferably, in S2, the mass ratio of the PVC to the solid foaming agent is 1: (0.045-0.05).
Preferably, in S2, the foaming temperature is 185-190 ℃.
With the increase of the foaming temperature, the cell size of the material is gradually increased, and the density of the material is gradually reduced. In order to improve the noise reduction performance and the heat insulation performance of the material, the foaming temperature is preferably 185-190 ℃.
The invention also protects the application of any one of the foamed PVC composite materials in the preparation of the noise-proof PVC pipe.
The invention also discloses a noise-proof PVC pipe, which comprises an outer layer and an inner layer, wherein the outer layer is prepared from the foamed PVC composite material.
The inner layer may be PVC plastic.
In the foamed PVC composite material prepared by the method, the PVC plastic foamed by the solid foaming agent has a closed-cell structure, and gas generated by the expansion of the solid foaming agent is wrapped by the shell of the solid foaming agent and cannot escape from the surface of a foamed product to leave gas marks, so that the surface quality of the foamed product is better.
Therefore, the inner wall and the outer wall of the PVC skin layer are smooth and have no air mark. The inner wall and the inner pipe are naturally adhered and have no obvious interface.
Preferably, the sound absorption coefficient of the noise-proof PVC pipe at 1000Hz is 0.282-0.456, the sound absorption coefficient at 7000Hz is 0.225-0.342, the noise reduction coefficient is 0.203-0328, and the heat conductivity of the noise-proof PVC pipe is 0.203-0.328W/(m.k)).
Preferably, the thickness of the outer layer is 55-65% of the thickness of the noise-proof PVC pipe.
The sources of noise in the sewer pipeline are mainly two, one is the trace of the matched connection position of the injection molding grinding tool of the extrusion line and the connector, and for the inner surface of the pipe and the bent pipe, hairs and dirt are easily accumulated to form accumulation, and when water passes through the pipe, the unstable flow namely disturbance turbulence generates water flow sound; the other is the buzz similar to sea wind caused by the change of the air pressure in the pipeline, and the two situations can be heard nearby the sewer pipe when people are quiet at night. The noise-proof PVC composite material has excellent sound absorption coefficient and noise reduction coefficient, can weaken the transmission of the two sound waves, and can eliminate low-frequency noise caused by the two sound waves after the outer layer is foamed, so that the noise-proof PVC composite material is applied to the preparation of drain pipes.
Preferably, the thickness of the outer layer accounts for 55-65%, and the thickness of the inner layer accounts for 35-45%.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention discloses a foamed PVC composite material, wherein the average diameter of foam pores in the foamed PVC composite material is 100-400 mu m, and the density of the foamed PVC composite material is 0.8-1.0 g/cm 3 Through specific bubble size and material density, the sound absorption coefficient and the noise reduction coefficient of the foamed PVC composite material to low-frequency noise are effectively improved, and the foamed PVC composite material also has a good noise reduction effect to high-frequency noise and has excellent heat insulation performance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a noise-preventing PVC drainpipe in embodiment 1;
in the figure, 1-the outer layer, 2-the inner layer.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to specific embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the examples in any way. The starting reagents used in the examples of the present invention are those conventionally purchased, unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
A foamed PVC composite material, the average diameter of foam pores in the foamed PVC composite material is 100 μm, and the density of the foamed PVC composite material is 0.95g/cm 3 。
The preparation method of the foamed PVC composite material comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a solid foaming agent:
preparing a water phase: adding a dispersing agent magnesium hydroxide colloid, a surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate and sodium chloride into water, and uniformly stirring to prepare a water-phase dispersion system;
preparing an oil phase: adding a crosslinking agent ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, an initiator azobisisobutyronitrile and a low-boiling-point foaming agent n-hexane into a double-bond organic matter, and uniformly stirring to prepare an oil phase mixed solution;
adding the oil phase mixed solution into the water phase dispersion system to form an emulsion, performing suspension polymerization to obtain a suspension, washing and drying to obtain a solid foaming agent;
s2, uniformly mixing PVC, a solid foaming agent and a vulcanizing agent, and performing melt extrusion at 175-190 ℃ through an extruder, wherein the foaming temperature is 185 ℃, so as to obtain the noise-proof PVC composite material;
wherein the mass ratio of the low-boiling-point foaming agent to the double-bond organic matters is 0.4:1;
the suspension polymerization reaction temperature is 60 ℃, and the reaction time is 24 hours;
the mass ratio of the PVC to the solid foaming agent is 1:0.05;
the double-bond organic matter comprises acrylate monomer and acrylonitrile, and the mass ratio of the acrylate monomer to the acrylonitrile is 0.676:0.324;
in S1, the mass of the dispersing agent, the surfactant, the sodium chloride and the water is 4.78g, 1.5g, 20g and 78g;
the mass of the cross-linking agent, the initiator, the low-boiling point foaming agent and the double-bond organic matters is 0.05g, 0.5g, 4.4g and 10.8g;
the double-bond organic matter comprises 3.5g of methyl methacrylate, 1.8g of hydroxypropyl acrylate, 3.5g of acrylonitrile, 1.0g of dipropylene glycol diacrylate and 1.0g of trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate;
in S2, the mass of the PVC, the mass of the solid foaming agent and the mass of the vulcanizing agent are respectively 1000g, 50g and 30g.
The feeding section of the double-screw extruder is 185 ℃, the compression section is 180 ℃, the melting section is 180 ℃, the temperature of the extrusion die body section is 175 ℃, and the temperature of the opening die is 190 ℃.
Example 2
A foamed PVC composite material, the average diameter of foam holes in the foamed PVC composite material is 400 mu m, and the foaming density of the foamed PVC composite materialIs 0.82g/cm 3 。
The preparation method of the noise-proof PVC composite material is the same as that of the embodiment 1, and is different from that of the embodiment 1 in that:
wherein the mass ratio of the low-boiling-point foaming agent to the double-bond organic matters is 0.5:1;
the double-bond organic matter comprises an acrylate monomer and acrylonitrile, wherein the mass ratio of the acrylate monomer to the acrylonitrile is 0.667:0.333;
the mass ratio of the cross-linking agent, the initiator, the low-boiling-point foaming agent to the double-bond organic matters is 0.05g:0.45g:4.8g:9.6g;
the double-bond organic substances comprise 3.2g of methyl methacrylate, 1.6g of hydroxypropyl acrylate, 3.2g of acrylonitrile, 0.8g of dipropylene glycol diacrylate and 0.8g of trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate;
the rest is the same as embodiment 1, and the description is omitted here.
Example 3
A foamed PVC composite material, the average diameter of foam pores in the foamed PVC composite material is 162 mu m, and the foaming density of the foamed PVC composite material is 0.93g/cm 3 。
The preparation method of the noise-proof PVC composite material is the same as that of the embodiment 1, and is different from that of the embodiment 1 in that:
the mass of the PVC, the solid foaming agent and the vulcanizing agent is 1000g, 30g and 30g respectively.
The feed section of the double-screw extruder is 190 ℃, the compression section is 180 ℃, the melting section is 180 ℃, the temperature of the extrusion die body section is 175 ℃, and the temperature of the neck die is 190 ℃.
The rest is the same as embodiment 1, and the description is omitted here.
Example 4
A foamed PVC composite material, the average diameter of foam holes in the foamed PVC composite material is 235 mu m,
the foaming density of the foaming PVC composite material is 0.90g/cm 3 。
The preparation method of the noise-proof PVC composite material is the same as that of the embodiment 1, and is different from that of the embodiment 1 in that:
in S1, the double-bond organic matter comprises an acrylate monomer and acrylonitrile, and the mass ratio of the acrylate monomer to the acrylonitrile is 0.667:0.333;
the mass ratio of the low-boiling-point foaming agent to the double-bond organic matters is 0.45:1;
in S2, the mass ratio of PVC to the solid foaming agent is 1:0.045;
the foaming temperature was 190 ℃.
The rest is the same as embodiment 1, and the description is omitted here.
Example 5
A foamed PVC composite material, the average diameter of foam holes in the foamed PVC composite material is 286 mu m,
the foaming density of the foaming PVC composite material is 0.87g/cm 3 。
The preparation method of the noise-proof PVC composite material is the same as that of the embodiment 1, and is different from that of the embodiment 1 in that:
in S1, the double-bond organic matter comprises an acrylate monomer and acrylonitrile, and the mass ratio of the acrylate monomer to the acrylonitrile is 0.667:0.333;
the mass ratio of the low-boiling point foaming agent to the double-bond organic matters is 0.45:1;
in S2, the mass ratio of PVC to the solid foaming agent is 1:0.045;
the foaming temperature was 195 ℃.
The rest is the same as embodiment 1, and the description is omitted here.
Comparative example 1
A foamed PVC composite material, the average diameter of foam pores in the foamed PVC composite material is 52 mu m, and the foaming density of the foamed PVC composite material is 0.99g/cm 3 。
The preparation method of the noise-proof PVC composite material is the same as that of the embodiment 1, and is different from that of the embodiment 1 in that:
in S1, the double-bond organic matter comprises an acrylate monomer and acrylonitrile, and the mass ratio of the acrylate monomer to the acrylonitrile is 0.667:0.333;
the mass ratio of the low-boiling point foaming agent to the double-bond organic matters is 0.35:1;
in S2, the mass ratio of PVC to the solid foaming agent is 1:0.02;
the foaming temperature was 180 ℃.
The rest is the same as embodiment 1, and the description is omitted here.
Comparative example 2
A foamed PVC composite material, the average diameter of foam pores in the foamed PVC composite material is 504 mu m, and the foaming density of the foamed PVC composite material is 0.77g/cm 3 。
The preparation method of the noise-proof PVC composite material is the same as that of the embodiment 1, and is different from that of the embodiment 1 in that:
in S1, the double-bond organic matter comprises an acrylate monomer and acrylonitrile, and the mass ratio of the acrylate monomer to the acrylonitrile is 0.667:0.333;
the mass ratio of the low-boiling-point foaming agent to the double-bond organic matters is 0.5:1;
in S2, the mass ratio of PVC to the solid foaming agent is 1:0.06;
the foaming temperature was 200 ℃.
The rest is the same as embodiment 1, and the description is omitted here.
Result detection
The foamed PVC composite materials of the above examples and comparative examples were prepared into PVC pipes by a twin-screw extruder, and all were tested by the following performance test methods:
average diameter of cells: the average cell diameter was statistically calculated by Image-pro Image processing software.
And (3) sound absorption coefficient determination: according to the GB/T18696.1-2004 standard method, the larger the sound absorption coefficient is, the better the noise reduction is.
And (3) determining a noise reduction coefficient: the noise reduction coefficient of the material is defined as the average sound absorption coefficient under the central frequency of 250Hz, 500Hz, 1000Hz and 2000Hz, and the larger the noise reduction coefficient is, the better the noise reduction is.
Testing the heat preservation performance: the heat insulation performance is represented by a heat conductivity coefficient, the heat conductivity coefficient is tested by a transient hot wire method according to a GB/T11205-1989 standard method, and the larger the heat conductivity coefficient is, the worse the heat insulation performance of the material is.
The specific detection results are described in table 1 below:
TABLE 1
From the data, the foamed PVC composite material disclosed by the invention has a high sound absorption coefficient and a high noise reduction coefficient for low-frequency noise and also has a good noise reduction effect for high-frequency noise.
It should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. This need not be, nor should it be exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The foamed PVC composite material is characterized in that the average diameter of foam holes in the foamed PVC composite material is 100-400 mu m, and the density of the foamed PVC composite material is 0.8-1.0 g/cm 3 。
2. The foamed PVC composite of claim 1, wherein the cells in the foamed PVC composite have an average diameter of 150 to 200 μm.
3. A process for the preparation of a foamed PVC composite according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a solid foaming agent:
preparing a water phase: adding a dispersing agent, a surfactant and sodium chloride into water, and uniformly stirring to prepare a water-phase dispersion system;
preparing an oil phase: adding a cross-linking agent, an initiator and a low-boiling-point foaming agent into a double-bond organic matter, and uniformly stirring to prepare an oil-phase mixed solution;
adding the oil phase mixed solution into the water phase dispersion system to form an emulsion, performing suspension polymerization to obtain a suspension, washing and drying to obtain a solid foaming agent;
s2, uniformly mixing PVC, a solid foaming agent and a vulcanizing agent, and performing melt extrusion through an extruder, wherein the foaming temperature is 185-195 ℃, so as to obtain the foamed PVC composite material;
in S1, the low-boiling-point foaming agent is n-hexane and/or isooctane;
the double-bond organic matter comprises an acrylate monomer and acrylonitrile, and the mass ratio of the acrylate monomer to the acrylonitrile is (0.55-0.7): (0.3-0.45);
the mass ratio of the low-boiling point foaming agent to the double-bond organic matter is (0.35-0.50): 1;
the suspension polymerization reaction temperature is 50-60 ℃, and the reaction time is 20-24 h;
in S2, the mass ratio of PVC to the solid foaming agent is 1: (0.02-0.06).
4. The method for preparing a foamed PVC composite material according to claim 3, wherein in S1, the mass ratio of the low-boiling-point foaming agent to the double-bond organic matter is (0.4-0.5): 1.
5. the method for preparing the foamed PVC composite material according to claim 3, wherein in S2, the mass ratio of PVC to the solid foaming agent is 1: (0.045-0.05).
6. The process for preparing a foamed PVC composite according to claim 3, wherein in S2, the foaming temperature is 185 to 190 ℃.
7. Use of the foamed PVC composite material according to claim 1 or 2 for the production of noise-resistant PVC pipes.
8. A noise-resistant PVC pipe comprising an outer layer and an inner layer, wherein the outer layer is prepared from the foamed PVC composite of claim 1 or 2.
9. The noise-resistant PVC pipe according to claim 9, wherein the noise-resistant PVC pipe has an acoustic absorption coefficient of 0.282 to 0.456 at 1000Hz, an acoustic absorption coefficient of 0.225 to 0.342 at 7000Hz, a noise reduction coefficient of 0.203 to 0328, and a thermal conductivity of 0.045 to 0.086W/(m-k)).
10. The noise-resistant PVC pipe as claimed in claim 9, wherein the specification is dn32x2.0mm to dn315x7.7mm, the wall thickness of the pipe is 2.0mm to 7.7mm, and wherein the thickness of the outer layer is 1.2mm to 4.7mm.
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