CN115308103A - System and method for testing flowing characteristics of multi-phase medium in coal body or rock mass fracture - Google Patents
System and method for testing flowing characteristics of multi-phase medium in coal body or rock mass fracture Download PDFInfo
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 114
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 130
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- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N2015/0866—Sorption
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N2021/8405—Application to two-phase or mixed materials, e.g. gas dissolved in liquids
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Abstract
The invention discloses a system and a method for testing the flowing characteristics of a multi-phase medium in a coal body or rock mass fracture. The system and the method for testing the flow characteristics of the multiphase medium in the coal body or rock mass crack can realize the visual observation of the displacement flow characteristics of the multiphase medium in the coal body or rock mass hole crack, can overcome the defect that the micro-fluidic technology cannot control the wettability of the wall surface of the hole crack, can truly reflect the wettability and the flow characteristics of a specific coal body or rock mass type, can ensure that the test result is more practical on site, and further can provide more accurate data support for evaluating the flow and the displacement effect of coal bed water injection or gas injection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a system and a method for testing a coal body or a rock mass, in particular to a system and a method for testing the flowing characteristics of a multi-phase medium in a coal body or rock mass fracture, belonging to the technical field of coal bed methane mining.
Background
Coal bed gas (or called gas) is mainly a derivative generated in a coal-forming process, and is generally recognized as high-efficiency clean energy due to low pollutant and high heat value generated by combustion. The reserve of coal bed gas in China is very rich, the resource quantity of the coal bed gas with the burial depth of less than 2000m is about 36.8 billion cubic meters, is equivalent to the resource quantity of conventional natural gas, and occupies the third place in the world, so that the extraction rate of the coal bed gas is greatly improved, and the method plays an important role in improving the energy consumption structure in China. However, because the coal bed gas permeability is low in China, the development and utilization rate of the coal bed gas is not high all the time.
In order to solve the problem of low coal seam gas permeability, a plurality of coal seam gas enhanced extraction technologies are proposed at home and abroad, for example: high pressure hydraulic fracturing, hydraulic slotting, and high pressure gas injection (CO) 2 、N 2 Flue gas or mixtures thereof), etc. The technologies play an important role in improving the extraction rate of coal bed gas, such as: in the central test area (Allison Unit CO) of the San Juan Basin (San Juan Basin) of the United states 2 ECBM test zone), CO injection 2 The extraction rate of the gas in the rear coal seam is improved from 77% to 95%. In China, the hydraulic fracturing technology has wide application in the aspect of improving the recovery ratio of coal bed gas due to large effective influence range and relatively less construction engineering amount. The basic principle and the technological process of the hydraulic fracturing technology are that high-pressure water is injected into a coal seam through a ground well or a downhole drilling hole, and when the pressure reaches a certain degree, a coal body is broken to form a fracture channel, so that the desorption and the transportation of gas are promoted. In addition, because fractures formed by coal seam fracturing are easy to close compared with other compact rock fractures, H is considered 2 The adsorption of O in coal pores is better than that of CH 4 Therefore, the method is a good technical choice for directly injecting high-pressure water into the coal seam to displace gas, namely 'hydraulic displacement'.
Despite the hydraulic fracturing floodThe method is widely popular in coal mine enterprises in China, but the effect difference of different mine coals in the application process is very large due to the difference of the metamorphic degrees of different mine coals and other factors, and the problem mainly relates to the adaptability of the hydraulic fracturing technology to coal beds (namely the coal bed injectability). Many scholars have conducted a great deal of research on the basic theoretical problems, such as: gas adsorption and desorption characteristics in a hydraulic fracturing or displacement process, influence characteristics of high-pressure fracturing on coal rock body pore fractures, permeability change characteristics of gas and water in the fractures in the fracturing process and the like. In fact, the coal seam high-pressure water injection fracturing displacement and later-stage gas extraction are complex processes involving the competitive wetting and flowing of multi-phase media (water, methane, other displacement gases and the like) in pores of a gas-containing coal body, and H in the pores 2 O and CH 4 Competitive wetting occurs on the pore wall surface, due to the difference of wettability of the pore wall surface and the pore wall surface, the multiphase medium flow can further form a capillary effect (which can be characterized by capillary pressure), and the wettability and the capillary effect can further control the multiphase medium flow in the pore network of the coal body.
The direct observation means of the test system in the prior art for the flow characteristics of the multiphase medium in the pore network of the coal body or rock body is very limited, and the currently common methods mainly comprise two means of micron CT and microfluid: the purchase or construction cost of equipment of the micron CT is very high, so that the application of the equipment is greatly limited, and the intuition of an observation result is not strong; the microfluidics technology can make us visually observe the flowing characteristics of the multiphase medium in pores and cracks by virtue of photoetching glass and a microscope, but we cannot accurately control the adsorption and wettability of the photoetching glass, so that the flowing of the multiphase medium in the multiphase medium is greatly different from the flowing of the multiphase medium in the pores and cracks of actual coal or rock mass.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a system and a method for testing the flowing characteristics of a multiphase medium in a coal body or rock mass fracture, which can simply and effectively observe the flowing characteristics of water, methane and displacement gas in the coal body or rock mass fracture, and further can provide more accurate data support for evaluating the flowing and displacement effects of water injection or gas injection of a coal seam.
In order to achieve the purpose, the system for testing the flowing characteristics of the multiphase medium in the coal or rock fractures comprises a methane gas steel cylinder, a displacement gas steel cylinder, a concentration detector, an upper computer, a closed temperature control box, a high-pressure experimental container, a video recorder, a parallel light source, a high-pressure plunger pump I, a high-pressure plunger pump II and a stirring water feeder, wherein the high-pressure experimental container, the video recorder, the parallel light source, the high-pressure plunger pump I, the high-pressure plunger pump II and the stirring water feeder are arranged in the closed temperature control box;
the high-pressure experimental container comprises a container body, a top cover and a bottom cover, wherein the top cover and the bottom cover are hermetically arranged at the top end and the bottom end of the container body; the video recorder electrically connected with the upper computer is arranged on one side of the container body of the high-pressure experimental container, the video recording direction of the video recorder is opposite to the container body of the high-pressure experimental container, and the parallel light source is arranged on the other side of the container body of the high-pressure experimental container corresponding to the video recording direction of the video recorder;
the methane gas steel cylinder is connected with the input end of a high-pressure plunger pump I through a pipeline and a high-pressure stop valve I, the output end of the high-pressure plunger pump I is connected with a methane gas input port of a high-pressure experimental container top cover through a pipeline and a one-way stop valve, a methane gas displacement output port of the high-pressure experimental container top cover is connected with a methane gas discharge pipeline through a pipeline, a high-pressure stop valve II and an automatic flow recorder, a methane gas concentration detection output port of the high-pressure experimental container top cover is connected with a concentration detector through a pipeline and a high-pressure stop valve III, and the automatic flow recorder and the concentration detector are electrically connected with an upper computer respectively;
the displacement gas steel cylinder is connected with the input end of a high-pressure plunger pump II through a pipeline and a high-pressure stop valve IV, the output end of the high-pressure plunger pump II is connected with the input port of a high-pressure tee control valve I through a pipeline, one output port of the high-pressure tee control valve I is connected with the displacement gas input port of the high-pressure experimental container bottom cover through a pipeline and a high-pressure stop valve V, the other output port of the high-pressure tee control valve I is connected with the displacement gas input port of the stirring water feeder through a pipeline, the displacement gas input port of the stirring water feeder penetrates through the top cover of the stirring water feeder and is located above the liquid level, a stirrer is arranged below the liquid level of the stirring water feeder, and the pressure water output port of the stirring water feeder, which is located below the liquid level, is connected with the displacement liquid input port of the high-pressure experimental container bottom cover through a pipeline and a pressure water pump.
As a further improvement scheme of the invention, the high-pressure stop valve I, the one-way stop valve, the high-pressure stop valve II, the high-pressure stop valve III, the high-pressure stop valve IV, the high-pressure three-way control valve I and the high-pressure stop valve V are all electric control valves, and the upper computer is respectively and electrically connected with a temperature control electric control mechanism of the closed temperature control box, the high-pressure stop valve I, the one-way stop valve, the high-pressure stop valve II, the high-pressure stop valve III, the high-pressure stop valve IV, the high-pressure three-way control valve I, the high-pressure stop valve V, the parallel light source, the high-pressure plunger pump I, the high-pressure plunger pump II, a stirrer of the stirring water feeder and the pressure water delivery pump.
As a further improvement of the invention, the inner surface of the container body of the high-pressure experimental container is provided with a transparent hydrophobic coating.
As a further improvement scheme of the invention, PRV pressure release valves are arranged at the output ends of the high-pressure plunger pump I and the high-pressure plunger pump II.
As a further improvement scheme of the invention, the output end of a pressure water delivery pump of the stirring water feeder is connected with the input end of a high-pressure three-way control valve II through a pipeline, one output end of the high-pressure three-way control valve II is connected with a displacement liquid input port of a bottom cover of a high-pressure experimental container through a pipeline, and the other output end of the high-pressure three-way control valve II is connected with a wastewater recovery tank through a pipeline.
As a further improvement scheme of the invention, a circulating fan is also arranged in the closed temperature control box.
As a further improvement scheme of the invention, an exhaust fan is arranged in the methane gas discharge pipeline.
A method for testing the flowing characteristics of a multi-phase medium in a coal body or rock body fracture specifically comprises the following steps:
a. crushing and grinding a coal sample or a rock sample into coal sample particles or rock sample particles with set granularity, drying and then filling the coal sample particles or the rock sample particles into a high-pressure experimental container for sealing;
b. opening a temperature control electric control mechanism of the closed temperature control box, and setting the temperature of the closed temperature control box as a set experimental temperature;
c. sequentially opening a valve and a high-pressure stop valve I on a methane gas steel cylinder, closing the high-pressure stop valve I after pumping a set dose of methane by using a high-pressure plunger pump I, and setting the high-pressure plunger pump I to be in a constant pressure mode for outputting a set experiment pressure;
d. opening the one-way stop valve to enable methane pumped by the high-pressure plunger pump I to be injected into the high-pressure experimental container, and keeping the high-pressure stop valve III, the high-pressure stop valve II, the high-pressure stop valve V and the high-pressure three-way control valve II in a closed state in the period;
e. after the coal sample particles or the rock sample particles adsorb saturated methane for a set time, opening a valve and a high-pressure stop valve IV on a displacement gas steel cylinder, pumping a set dose of displacement gas by using a high-pressure plunger pump II, closing the high-pressure stop valve IV, and setting the high-pressure plunger pump II to be in a constant pressure mode for outputting a set displacement pressure; then, sequentially turning on a parallel light source, a video recorder and a concentration detector;
f. controlling a high-pressure three-way control valve I to enable the output end of a high-pressure plunger pump II to be communicated with a displacement gas input end of a stirring water feeder, controlling a high-pressure three-way control valve II to enable a displacement liquid input end of a bottom cover of a high-pressure experimental container to be communicated with the output end of a pressure water conveying pump of the stirring water feeder, starting the pressure water conveying pump, pumping water in the stirring water feeder into the high-pressure experimental container by a pump, enabling the water to flow among pores of coal sample particles or rock sample particles, feeding a flow process back to an upper computer in real time by a video recorder, displaying the flow process in real time by the upper computer, and recording experimental data by the upper computer;
meanwhile, the high-pressure stop valve II is opened, the automatic flow recorder feeds back the displacement flow of methane in the displacement process to the upper computer in real time, the upper computer records experimental data, and the displaced methane enters a methane gas discharge pipeline for safe discharge; meanwhile, the high-pressure stop valve III is opened periodically at intervals of set time, the concentration of the displacement gas is measured by using a concentration detector, and the upper computer records experimental data;
after the high-pressure water is injected into the high-pressure experimental container for a set time, controlling a high-pressure three-way control valve II to enable a displacement liquid input port of a bottom cover of the high-pressure experimental container and an output end of a pressure water conveying pump of the stirring water feeder to be in a closed state;
g. testing the mixed displacement of high-pressure water and high-pressure gas, controlling a high-pressure three-way control valve I to enable the output end of a high-pressure plunger pump II to be communicated with a high-pressure stop valve V, opening the high-pressure stop valve V, enabling the high-pressure displacement gas pumped by the high-pressure plunger pump II to enter a high-pressure experimental container and flow among pores of coal sample particles or rock sample particles to drive water and methane to flow, feeding back the flow process to an upper computer in real time by a video recorder, displaying the flow process on the upper computer in real time, and recording experimental data by the upper computer.
As a further improvement of the invention, before the coal sample particles or the rock sample particles are filled into the high-pressure experimental container for sealing in the step a, the coal sample particles or the rock sample particles are compressed to a set compression volume, and the compression volume is equal to the mass of the filled coal sample particles or rock sample particles divided by the real density of the coal body or rock body and rock sample.
As a further improvement of the invention, before the pressure water delivery pump is started in step f, the stirrer of the stirring water feeder is started for stirring, and after carbon dioxide or other gas medium which is easily dissolved in water and is used as displacement gas is fully dissolved in water, the pressure water delivery pump is started.
Compared with the prior art, the system and the method for testing the flow characteristics of the multi-phase medium in the coal body or rock mass crack can realize the visual observation of the displacement flow characteristics of the multi-phase medium in the coal body or rock mass hole crack, and have low use cost compared with the existing micron CT device; in addition, the defect that the micro-fluid technology cannot control the wettability of the wall surface of the pore fracture can be overcome, the wettability and the flow characteristics of specific coal or rock types can be truly reflected, the test result can be more suitable for the field reality, and more accurate data support can be provided for evaluating the flow and displacement effects of water injection or gas injection of the coal seam, so that the coal or rock can be better guided to carry out water injection or gas injection displacement operation so as to improve the recovery ratio of coal bed gas or shale gas.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a multiphase medium flow characteristic testing system in a coal or rock fracture according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of diffusion migration characteristics of a multi-phase medium under high pressure water, air displacement in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graphical representation of the position of the water front at various times in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a diagram showing the variation trend of methane concentration and flow rate during displacement according to the embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. the device comprises a high-pressure experimental container, 2, coal sample particles or rock sample particles, 3, a methane gas steel cylinder, 4, a high-pressure stop valve I, 5, a high-pressure plunger pump I, 6, a one-way stop valve, 7, a displacement gas steel cylinder, 8, a high-pressure stop valve IV, 9, a high-pressure plunger pump II, 10, a high-pressure three-way control valve I, 11, a stirring water feeder, 12, a parallel light source, 13, a video recorder, 14, an upper computer, 15, a high-pressure stop valve III, 16, a concentration detector, 17, a high-pressure stop valve II, 18, an automatic flow recorder, 19, an exhaust fan, 20, a high-pressure three-way control valve II, 21, a wastewater recovery box, 22, a circulating fan, 23, a high-pressure stop valve V, 24 and a closed temperature control box.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in figure 1, the system for testing the flowing characteristics of the multi-phase medium in the coal or rock crack comprises a methane gas steel cylinder 3, a displacement gas steel cylinder 7, a concentration detector 16, an upper computer 14, a closed temperature control box 24, a high-pressure experimental container 1 arranged in the closed temperature control box 24, a video recorder 13, a parallel light source 12, a high-pressure plunger pump I5, a high-pressure plunger pump II 9 and a stirring water feeder 11.
The high-pressure experimental container 1 comprises a container body, a top cover and a bottom cover, wherein the top cover and the bottom cover are hermetically arranged at the top end and the bottom end of the container body; the video recorder 13 electrically connected with the upper computer 14 is arranged on one side of the container body of the high-voltage experimental container 1, the video recording direction of the video recorder 13 is opposite to the container body of the high-voltage experimental container 1, and the parallel light source 12 is arranged on the other side of the container body of the high-voltage experimental container 1 corresponding to the video recording direction of the video recorder 13.
The methane gas steel bottle 3 is connected with the input of high-pressure plunger pump I5 through pipeline and high-pressure stop valve I4, the output of high-pressure plunger pump I5 passes through pipeline and the methane gas input port connection of one-way stop valve 6 and high-pressure experiment container 1 top cap, the methane gas displacement output port of high-pressure experiment container 1 top cap passes through the pipeline, high-pressure stop valve II 17 and automatic flow recorder 18 are connected with the methane gas emission pipeline including air discharge fan 19, the methane gas concentration detection output port of high-pressure experiment container 1 top cap passes through pipeline and high-pressure stop valve III 15 and is connected with concentration detector 16, automatic flow recorder 18 and concentration detector 16 are connected with host computer 14 electricity respectively.
The displacement gas steel cylinder 7 can be filled with carbon dioxide, nitrogen, air or other gas media according to experimental needs, the displacement gas steel cylinder 7 is connected with the input end of a high-pressure plunger pump II 9 through a pipeline and a high-pressure stop valve IV 8, the output end of the high-pressure plunger pump II 9 is connected with the input port of a high-pressure three-way control valve I10 through a pipeline, one output port of the high-pressure three-way control valve I10 is connected with the displacement gas input port of the bottom cover of the high-pressure experimental container 1 through a pipeline and a high-pressure stop valve V23, the other output port of the high-pressure three-way control valve I10 is connected with the displacement gas input port of the stirring water feeder 11 through a pipeline, the displacement gas input port of the stirring water feeder 11 penetrates through the top cover of the stirring water feeder 11 and is located above the liquid level, a stirrer is arranged below the liquid level of the stirring water feeder 11, and the pressure water output port of the stirring water feeder 11 located below the liquid level is connected with the displacement liquid input port of the bottom cover of the high-pressure experimental container 1 through a pipeline and a pressure water pump.
In order to realize automatic control, as a further improvement scheme of the invention, the high-pressure stop valve I4, the one-way stop valve 6, the high-pressure stop valve II 17, the high-pressure stop valve III 15, the high-pressure stop valve IV 8, the high-pressure three-way control valve I10 and the high-pressure stop valve V23 are all electric control valves, and the upper computer 14 is respectively and electrically connected with a temperature control electric control mechanism of the closed temperature control box 24, the high-pressure stop valve I4, the one-way stop valve 6, the high-pressure stop valve II 17, the high-pressure stop valve III 15, the high-pressure stop valve IV 8, the high-pressure three-way control valve I10, the high-pressure stop valve V23, the parallel light source 12, the high-pressure plunger pump I5, the high-pressure plunger pump II 9 and a stirrer of the stirring water feeder 11 and the pressure water delivery pump.
In order to avoid the distortion of experimental data caused by the hydrophilicity of the inner surface of the container body of the high-pressure experimental container 1, as a further improvement of the invention, the inner surface of the container body of the high-pressure experimental container 1 is provided with a transparent hydrophobic coating.
In order to realize the constant pressure pumping of the high-pressure plunger pump I5 and the high-pressure plunger pump II 9, as a further improvement scheme of the invention, PRV pressure relief valves are arranged at the output ends of the high-pressure plunger pump I5 and the high-pressure plunger pump II 9, when the pressure output by the high-pressure plunger pump I5 and the high-pressure plunger pump II 9 exceeds the set pressure of the PRV pressure relief valves, the pressure relief valves are automatically opened, the pressure output by the high-pressure plunger pump I5 and the high-pressure plunger pump II 9 is ensured to be below the set pressure, and meanwhile, equipment and pipelines can be protected, and accidents are prevented.
In order to facilitate the pressure maintaining operation after the high-pressure water output by the stirring water feeder 11 enters the high-pressure experimental container 1 and facilitate the discharge of the wastewater in the high-pressure experimental container 1 after the experiment, as a further improvement scheme of the invention, the output end of the pressure water pump of the stirring water feeder 11 is connected with the input end of the high-pressure three-way control valve II 20 through a pipeline, one output end of the high-pressure three-way control valve II 20 is connected with the displacement liquid input port of the bottom cover of the high-pressure experimental container 1 through a pipeline, and the other output end of the high-pressure three-way control valve II 20 is connected with the wastewater recovery tank 21 through a pipeline. In the process of the pressure water displacement test, the high-pressure water output by the stirring water feeder 11 can be controlled to enter the high-pressure experimental container 1 for pressure maintaining by controlling the opening and closing of the high-pressure three-way control valve II 20; after the experiment is finished, the wastewater in the high-pressure experimental container 1 can be discharged to the wastewater recovery tank 21 by controlling the opening and closing of the high-pressure three-way control valve II 20.
In order to realize the rapid temperature equalization in the sealed temperature control box 24 to the set temperature, as a further improvement of the present invention, a circulation fan 22 is further disposed in the sealed temperature control box 24.
When the multiphase medium flow characteristic test system in the coal or rock mass fracture is adopted to test a coal sample or a rock mass and rock sample, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
a. crushing and grinding a coal sample or a rock sample of a rock body into coal sample particles or rock sample particles 2 with set granularity, drying the coal sample or rock sample particles for 24 hours at 105 ℃, and then filling the coal sample or rock sample particles into a high-pressure experimental container 1 for sealing;
b. starting the circulating fan 22 and a temperature control electric control mechanism of the closed temperature control box 24, setting the temperature of the closed temperature control box 24 to be a set experimental temperature, and enabling the temperature in the temperature control box to be kept uniform through the circulating fan;
c. sequentially opening a valve and a high-pressure stop valve I4 on the methane gas steel cylinder 3, pumping a set dose of methane by using a high-pressure plunger pump I5, then closing the high-pressure stop valve I4, and preventing methane gas from flowing back to the methane gas steel cylinder 3 in the pressurizing process of the high-pressure plunger pump I5 to bring potential safety hazards; the high-pressure plunger pump I5 is set to be in a constant-pressure mode for outputting set experiment pressure, so that on one hand, an air source can be provided for adsorption saturation of coal sample particles or rock sample particles 2, on the other hand, back pressure can be provided for the high-pressure experiment container 1, the methane pressure in the experiment process is kept constant all the time, and real reservoir environment simulation is realized;
d. opening the one-way stop valve 6 to inject the methane pumped by the high-pressure plunger pump I5 into the high-pressure experimental container 1, and keeping the high-pressure stop valve III 15, the high-pressure stop valve II 17, the high-pressure stop valve V23 and the high-pressure three-way control valve II 20 in a closed state in the period to prevent the methane from leaking to other experimental units to form potential safety hazards;
e. after the coal sample particles or the rock sample particles 2 adsorb saturated methane for 24 hours, opening a valve on a displacement gas steel cylinder 7 and a high-pressure stop valve IV 8, closing the high-pressure stop valve IV 8 after a high-pressure plunger pump II 9 extracts a set dose of displacement gas, and setting the high-pressure plunger pump II 9 to be in a constant pressure mode for outputting a set displacement pressure; then, a parallel light source 12, a video recorder 13 and a concentration detector 16 are sequentially turned on, the parallel light source 12 is used for lighting a transparent cylinder structure of the high-pressure experimental container 1 and the coal sample particles or the rock sample particles 2, so that glass light reflection and reflection of other background objects in the shooting process of the video recorder 13 can be avoided, the video recorder 13 is used for recording the displacement process in real time, and an upper computer 14 can be used for displaying images transmitted by the video recorder 13 in real time;
f. controlling a high-pressure three-way control valve I10 to enable the output end of a high-pressure plunger pump II 9 to be communicated with the displacement gas input end of a stirring water feeder 11, controlling a high-pressure three-way control valve II 20 to enable a displacement liquid input port of a bottom cover of a high-pressure experimental container 1 to be communicated with the output end of a pressure water delivery pump of the stirring water feeder 11, starting the pressure water delivery pump, pumping water in the stirring water feeder 11 into the high-pressure experimental container 1 and flowing among pores of coal sample particles or rock sample particles 2, feeding a flowing process back to an upper computer 14 in real time by a video recorder 13, displaying the flowing process in real time by the upper computer 14, and recording experimental data by the upper computer 14;
meanwhile, the high-pressure stop valve II 17 is opened, the automatic flow recorder 18 feeds back the displacement flow of methane in the displacement process to the upper computer 14 in real time, the upper computer 14 records experimental data, and the displaced methane enters a methane gas discharge pipeline through the exhaust fan 19 to be safely discharged; meanwhile, the high-pressure stop valve III 15 is opened periodically at set time intervals, the concentration of the displacement gas is measured by using the concentration detector 16, and the upper computer 14 records experimental data;
after high-pressure water is injected into the high-pressure experimental container 1 for a set time, controlling the high-pressure three-way control valve II 20 to enable the displacement liquid input port of the bottom cover of the high-pressure experimental container 1 and the output end of the pressure water conveying pump of the stirring water feeder 11 to be in a closed state;
g. testing the mixed displacement of high-pressure water and high-pressure gas, controlling a high-pressure three-way control valve I10 to enable the output end of a high-pressure plunger pump II 9 to be communicated with a high-pressure stop valve V23, opening the high-pressure stop valve V23, enabling the high-pressure displacement gas pumped by the high-pressure plunger pump II 9 to enter a high-pressure experimental container 1 and flow among pores of coal sample particles or rock sample particles 2 to drive water and methane to flow, feeding back the flow process to an upper computer 14 in real time by a video recorder 13, displaying the flow process in real time by the upper computer 14, and recording experimental data by the upper computer 14.
In order to simulate the reservoir environment to the maximum extent possible, as a further improvement of the present invention, before the coal sample particles or rock sample particles 2 are filled into the high-pressure experimental container 1 for sealing, the coal sample particles or rock sample particles 2 are compacted to a set compression volume by using a press machine, and the compression volume is equal to the mass of the filled coal sample particles or rock sample particles 2 divided by the true density of the coal body or rock body sample.
When carbon dioxide or other water-soluble gas media are used as the displacement gas, as a further improvement scheme of the invention, in order to simulate the reservoir environment to the greatest extent possible, before the pressure water delivery pump is started in the step f, the stirrer of the stirring water feeder 11 is started for stirring, and after the carbon dioxide or other water-soluble gas media used as the displacement gas are fully dissolved in water, the pressure water delivery pump is started.
The invention is further explained below by taking the example that gas (methane) in a coal seam is alternately displaced by high-pressure water injection and gas injection (air) of the coal seam in a No. 3 coal seam plan of a certain coal mine so as to reduce the gas content of the coal seam and improve the gas extraction rate of the coal seam.
Before the field engineering practice, the flow characteristics of a moisture-air-gas multiphase medium in a coal body pore crack are tested and analyzed after moisture and air are injected into a coal layer. Wherein the real density of coal in No. 3 coal bed is 1.5g/cm 3 The coal bed gas pressure is 1MPa, and the specific test steps are as follows:
a. after sampling the coal body of the No. 3 coal layer of the mine, crushing and grinding the coal body in a laboratory into coal body particles with the particle size of 60-80 meshes to be 45g in total, drying the coal body particles for 24 hours at 105 ℃, then putting the coal body particles into a high-pressure experimental container 1, and extruding the volume of the particles until the volume is 45 g/1.5 g/cm 3 ＝30cm 3 And then sealing;
b. starting a temperature control and electric control mechanism of the circulating fan 22 and the closed temperature control box 24, and setting the temperature of the closed temperature control box 24 to be 30 ℃;
c. sequentially opening a valve and a high-pressure stop valve I4 on a methane gas steel cylinder 3, pumping 200mL of methane by using a high-pressure plunger pump I5, then closing the high-pressure stop valve I4, and setting the high-pressure plunger pump I5 to be in a constant pressure mode of outputting 1MPa of experimental pressure;
d. opening the one-way stop valve 6 to inject methane into the high-pressure experimental container 1, and keeping the high-pressure stop valve III 15, the high-pressure stop valve II 17, the high-pressure stop valve V23 and the high-pressure three-way control valve II 20 in a closed state;
e. after the coal particles adsorb saturated methane for 24 hours, opening a valve and a high-pressure stop valve IV 8 on a displacement gas steel cylinder 7, closing the high-pressure stop valve IV 8 after a high-pressure plunger pump II 9 pumps 400mL of air, setting the high-pressure plunger pump II 9 to be in a constant pressure mode for outputting 10MPa of displacement pressure, and then sequentially opening a parallel light source 12, a video recorder 13 and a concentration detector 16;
f. the high-pressure three-way control valve I10 is rotatably communicated to the stirring water feeder 11, then a valve of a high-pressure three-way control valve II 20 connected to the direction of the high-pressure experimental container 1 is opened, a pressure water delivery pump is started, water in the stirring water feeder 11 flows into coal particles in the high-pressure experimental container 1 under the driving of pressure difference and flows in pores among the particles, and a video recorder 13 records the flowing process and displays the flowing process in real time on an upper computer 14;
meanwhile, a high-pressure stop valve II 17 is opened, an automatic flow recorder 18 records the flow of methane in the displacement process, and the displaced methane enters a methane gas discharge pipeline through an exhaust fan 19 to be safely discharged; meanwhile, the high-pressure stop valve III 15 is opened periodically at an interval of 5min, and the concentration of the displacement gas is measured by using a concentration detector 16;
after high-pressure water is injected into the high-pressure experimental container 1 to 60s, closing the high-pressure three-way control valve II 20 connected to the direction of the high-pressure experimental container 1;
g. the high-pressure three-way control valve I10 is communicated to the high-pressure stop valve V23 in a rotating mode, then the high-pressure stop valve V23 is opened, high-pressure displacement air in the high-pressure plunger pump II 9 flows into coal particles in the high-pressure experimental container 1 under the driving of pressure difference, water and methane are driven to flow, the video recorder 13 records the flow process, the process is displayed in real time on the upper computer 14, and the high-pressure three-way control valve I10 and the high-pressure stop valve V23 are closed after the high-pressure gas displacement is finished.
The results of some experiments are shown in fig. 2, the first three graphs are multiphase medium diffusion migration graphs when water is displaced independently, the second two graphs are multiphase medium diffusion migration graphs after water injection is stopped and air is injected, and it can be seen from fig. 2 that the flow of the multiphase medium among the coal particles belongs to capillary fingering. The positions of the water advancing fronts at different moments are shown in fig. 3, and fig. 4 is a graph showing the change trend of the methane concentration and the flow rate in the displacement process, and is shown in fig. 4.
Claims (10)
1. A flow characteristic test system for a multi-phase medium in a coal body or rock body fracture is characterized by comprising a methane gas steel cylinder (3), a displacement gas steel cylinder (7), a concentration detector (16), an upper computer (14), a closed temperature control box (24), a high-pressure experimental container (1), a video recorder (13), a parallel light source (12), a high-pressure plunger pump I (5), a high-pressure plunger pump II (9) and a stirring water feeder (11), wherein the high-pressure experimental container (1), the video recorder (13), the high-pressure plunger pump I, the high-pressure plunger pump II and the stirring water feeder are arranged in the closed temperature control box (24);
the high-pressure experimental container (1) comprises a container body, a top cover and a bottom cover, wherein the top cover and the bottom cover are hermetically arranged at the top end and the bottom end of the container body, the container body is of a transparent cylinder structure made of high-pressure-resistant glass materials, a methane gas input port, a methane gas displacement output port and a methane gas concentration detection output port which penetrate through the top cover are arranged on the top cover, and a displacement gas input port and a displacement liquid input port which penetrate through the bottom cover are arranged on the bottom cover; the video recorder (13) electrically connected with the upper computer (14) is arranged on one side of the container body of the high-voltage experimental container (1), the video recording direction of the video recorder (13) is opposite to the container body of the high-voltage experimental container (1), and the parallel light source (12) is arranged on the other side of the container body of the high-voltage experimental container (1) corresponding to the video recording direction of the video recorder (13);
the methane gas steel cylinder (3) is connected with the input end of a high-pressure plunger pump I (5) through a pipeline and a high-pressure stop valve I (4), the output end of the high-pressure plunger pump I (5) is connected with a methane gas input port of a top cover of the high-pressure experimental container (1) through a pipeline and a one-way stop valve (6), a methane gas displacement output port of the top cover of the high-pressure experimental container (1) is connected with a methane gas discharge pipeline through a pipeline, a high-pressure stop valve II (17) and an automatic flow recorder (18), a methane gas concentration detection output port of the top cover of the high-pressure experimental container (1) is connected with a concentration detector (16) through a pipeline and a high-pressure stop valve III (15), and the automatic flow recorder (18) and the concentration detector (16) are respectively and electrically connected with an upper computer (14);
the displacement gas steel cylinder (7) is connected with the input end of a high-pressure plunger pump II (9) through a pipeline and a high-pressure stop valve IV (8), the output end of the high-pressure plunger pump II (9) is connected with the input port of a high-pressure three-way control valve I (10) through a pipeline, one output port of the high-pressure three-way control valve I (10) is connected with the displacement gas input port of the bottom cover of the high-pressure experimental container (1) through a pipeline and a high-pressure stop valve V (23), the other output port of the high-pressure three-way control valve I (10) is connected with the displacement gas input port of the stirring water feeder (11) through a pipeline, the displacement gas input port of the stirring water feeder (11) penetrates through the top cover of the stirring water feeder (11) and is located above the liquid level, a stirrer is arranged below the liquid level of the stirring water feeder (11), and the pressure water output port of the stirring water feeder (11) located below the liquid level is connected with the displacement liquid input port of the high-pressure experimental container (1) through a pipeline and a pressure water pump bottom cover.
2. The system for testing the flowing characteristics of the multiphase medium in the coal or rock mass fracture as claimed in claim 1, wherein the high-pressure stop valve I (4), the one-way stop valve (6), the high-pressure stop valve II (17), the high-pressure stop valve III (15), the high-pressure stop valve IV (8), the high-pressure three-way control valve I (10) and the high-pressure stop valve V (23) are all electric control valves, and the upper computer (14) is respectively electrically connected with a temperature control electric control mechanism of the closed temperature control box (24), the high-pressure stop valve I (4), the one-way stop valve (6), the high-pressure stop valve II (17), the high-pressure stop valve III (15), the high-pressure stop valve IV (8), the high-pressure three-way control valve I (10), the high-pressure stop valve V (23), the parallel light source (12), the high-pressure plunger pump I (5), the high-pressure plunger pump II (9), a stirrer of the stirring water feeder (11) and the pressure water delivery pump.
3. The system for testing the flowing characteristics of the multiphase media in the coal or rock mass fissure as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the inner surface of the container body of the high-pressure experimental container (1) is provided with a transparent hydrophobic coating.
4. The system for testing the flowing characteristics of the multiphase medium in the coal or rock mass fracture as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the output ends of the high-pressure plunger pump I (5) and the high-pressure plunger pump II (9) are respectively provided with a PRV pressure relief valve.
5. The system for testing the flowing characteristics of the multiphase medium in the coal or rock mass fracture as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the output end of the pressure water delivery pump of the stirring water feeder (11) is connected with the input end of a high-pressure three-way control valve II (20) through a pipeline, one output end of the high-pressure three-way control valve II (20) is connected with the displacement liquid input port of the bottom cover of the high-pressure experimental container (1) through a pipeline, and the other output end of the high-pressure three-way control valve II (20) is connected with the wastewater recovery tank (21) through a pipeline.
6. The system for testing the flowing characteristics of the multiphase media in the coal or rock mass fracture as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein a circulating fan (22) is further arranged in the closed temperature control box (24).
7. The system for testing the flowing characteristics of the multiphase media in the coal or rock mass fracture as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein an exhaust fan (19) is arranged in the methane gas discharge pipeline.
8. A method for testing the flowing characteristics of a multi-phase medium in a coal body or rock body fracture is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. crushing and grinding a coal sample or a rock sample of a rock body into coal sample particles or rock sample particles (2) with set granularity, drying, and then filling the coal sample particles or the rock sample particles into a high-pressure experimental container (1) for sealing;
b. opening a temperature control electric control mechanism of the closed temperature control box (24), and setting the temperature of the closed temperature control box (24) as a set experiment temperature;
c. sequentially opening a valve and a high-pressure stop valve I (4) on a methane gas steel cylinder (3), closing the high-pressure stop valve I (4) after pumping methane with set dosage by using a high-pressure plunger pump I (5), and setting the high-pressure plunger pump I (5) to be in a constant pressure mode for outputting set experimental pressure;
d. opening the one-way stop valve (6) to inject the methane pumped by the high-pressure plunger pump I (5) into the high-pressure experimental container (1), and keeping the high-pressure stop valve III (15), the high-pressure stop valve II (17), the high-pressure stop valve V (23) and the high-pressure three-way control valve II (20) in a closed state;
e. after the coal sample particles or the rock sample particles (2) adsorb saturated methane for a set time, opening a valve on a displacement gas steel cylinder (7) and a high-pressure stop valve IV (8), pumping a set dose of displacement gas by using a high-pressure plunger pump II (9), closing the high-pressure stop valve IV (8), and setting the high-pressure plunger pump II (9) to be in a constant pressure mode of outputting a set displacement pressure; then, a parallel light source (12), a video recorder (13) and a concentration detector (16) are turned on in sequence;
f. controlling a high-pressure three-way control valve I (10) to enable the output end of a high-pressure plunger pump II (9) to be communicated with the displacement gas input end of a stirring water feeder (11), controlling a high-pressure three-way control valve II (20) to enable a displacement liquid input port of a bottom cover of a high-pressure experimental container (1) to be communicated with the output end of a pressure water pump of the stirring water feeder (11), starting the pressure water pump, pumping water in the stirring water feeder (11) into the high-pressure experimental container (1) and flowing among pores of coal sample particles or rock sample particles (2), feeding a flowing process back to an upper computer (14) in real time by a video recorder (13), displaying the flowing process in real time by the upper computer (14), and recording experimental data by the upper computer (14);
meanwhile, a high-pressure stop valve II (17) is opened, an automatic flow recorder (18) feeds back the displacement flow of methane in the displacement process to an upper computer (14) in real time, the upper computer (14) records experimental data, and the displaced methane enters a methane gas discharge pipeline for safe discharge; meanwhile, a high-pressure stop valve III (15) is opened periodically at set time intervals, the concentration of the displacement gas is measured by a concentration detector (16), and an upper computer (14) records experimental data;
after high-pressure water is injected into the high-pressure experimental container (1) for a set time, controlling a high-pressure three-way control valve II (20) to enable a displacement liquid input port of a bottom cover of the high-pressure experimental container (1) and an output end of a pressure water conveying pump of the stirring water feeder (11) to be in a closed state;
g. the method comprises the steps of testing high-pressure water and high-pressure gas mixed displacement, controlling a high-pressure three-way control valve I (10) to enable the output end of a high-pressure plunger pump II (9) to be communicated with a high-pressure stop valve V (23), opening the high-pressure stop valve V (23), enabling high-pressure displacement gas pumped by the high-pressure plunger pump II (9) to enter a high-pressure experimental container (1) and flow among pores of coal sample particles or rock sample particles (2), driving water and methane to flow, feeding back the flow process to an upper computer (14) in real time through a video recorder (13), displaying the flow process on the upper computer (14) in real time, and recording experimental data through the upper computer (14).
9. The method for testing the flow characteristics of the multiphase media in the coal or rock mass fractures according to claim 8, wherein before the coal or rock sample particles (2) are filled into the high-pressure experimental container (1) for sealing in the step a, the coal or rock sample particles (2) are compressed to a set compression volume, and the compression volume is equal to the mass of the filled coal or rock sample particles (2) divided by the real density of the coal or rock mass.
10. The method for testing the flowing characteristics of the multi-phase medium in the coal or rock body fissure as claimed in claim 8, wherein before the pressure water pump is started in step f, the stirrer of the stirring water feeder (11) is started for stirring, and after carbon dioxide or other gas medium which is easy to dissolve in water and is used as displacement gas is fully dissolved in water, the pressure water pump is started.
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