CN115307581A - A kind of plant leaf area measurement system and using method based on photosynthesis - Google Patents
A kind of plant leaf area measurement system and using method based on photosynthesis Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及植物叶面积测量技术领域，具体为一种基于光合仪的植物叶面积测量系统及使用方法。The invention relates to the technical field of plant leaf area measurement, in particular to a plant leaf area measurement system based on a photosynthetic instrument and a method for using it.
背景技术Background technique
LI-COR6400/6800便携式光合测定系统(LI-6400/6800)是目前植物光合生理生态研究的主要仪器，在林学、农学、生态学、植物保护等相关学科教学、科研中广泛应用，是全国各大农学、林学、生命科学相关高校、研究机构科研、教学的基础大型仪器。LI-6400根据叶面积、叶温、CO2和H2O变化情况计算出净光合速率(Pn)，胞间二氧化碳浓度(Ci)，蒸腾速率(Tr)，气孔导度(Gs)等光合、水分生理相关指标以及绘制光合日变化曲线，光响应曲线、CO2响应曲线。其中，叶面积是光合仪计算光合作用和水分利用相关参数的基础数据，其精确度将影响光合指标准确性，对后续的光合生理研究以及光响应曲线、二氧化碳响应曲线分析极为重要，是光合测量体系的关键参数。LI-COR6400/6800 Portable Photosynthetic Measurement System (LI-6400/6800) is the main instrument for plant photosynthetic physiology and ecology research. It is widely used in teaching and scientific research of forestry, agronomy, ecology, plant protection and other related disciplines. The basic large-scale instrument for scientific research and teaching of universities and research institutions related to agriculture, forestry, and life sciences. LI - 6400 calculates the net photosynthetic rate (Pn), intercellular carbon dioxide concentration (Ci), transpiration rate (Tr), stomatal conductance (Gs) and other photosynthetic, Water physiological related indicators and draw photosynthetic diurnal change curve, light response curve, CO2 response curve. Among them, the leaf area is the basic data for the photosynthesis meter to calculate the parameters related to photosynthesis and water use. Its accuracy will affect the accuracy of the photosynthetic index. key parameters of the system.
基于我们多年教学与科研实践，LI-6400/6800待测植物多数为叶面积较大，或是能匹配仪器自带叶室的植物种类。目前由于LI-6400/6800缺乏直接测量叶面积的组件，对小于LI-6400/6800标准叶室面积如小麦、辣椒、枣树幼年期、刺槐等条形叶、小叶植物或形状不规则(如披针形叶、宽卵形叶、针叶、羽状半裂叶、心形叶和戟形叶)的叶片，因LI-6400/6800没有测量叶面积的模块，因此很难计算叶室内叶片的准确面积，故必须通过破坏性取样测量叶面积，影响实验连续性。而破坏性采破坏性方法不适用于追踪同一植物生长、叶片扩展或抗逆性的有限样本或长期试验。此外，由于叶片的角度和方向在取样过程中会有一定的改变，可能会导致叶面积测量误差。LI-6400/6800多用于进行胁迫等连续性试验，破坏性取样测量叶面积对实验结果造成极大影响，此外，对于不同大小的叶片需更换适配的叶室，降低了仪器便捷性及经济性。然而增加叶面积测量模块面临两个技术难题：Based on our many years of teaching and scientific research practice, most of the plants to be tested by LI-6400/6800 have large leaf area, or can match the plant species that come with the instrument’s own leaf chamber. At present, because LI-6400/6800 lacks components for directly measuring the leaf area, for plants with strip-shaped leaves, small leaves, or irregular shapes (such as wheat, pepper, jujube juveniles, black locust, etc.) For lanceolate leaves, wide ovate leaves, needle leaves, pinnatifid leaves, heart-shaped leaves, and halberd-shaped leaves), it is difficult to calculate the leaves in the leaf chamber because the LI-6400/6800 does not have a module for measuring leaf area. Therefore, the leaf area must be measured through destructive sampling, which affects the continuity of the experiment. Destructive methods are not suitable for limited samples or long-term experiments that track growth, leaf expansion, or stress resistance of the same plant. In addition, since the angle and orientation of the leaf will change to some extent during the sampling process, it may cause errors in the leaf area measurement. LI-6400/6800 is mostly used for continuous tests such as stress, and the measurement of leaf area by destructive sampling has a great impact on the experimental results. In addition, for leaves of different sizes, it is necessary to replace the adapted leaf chamber, which reduces the convenience and economy of the instrument. sex. However, adding the leaf area measurement module faces two technical difficulties:
1)叶室顶部为光源，无法安装叶面积测量模块；1) The top of the leaf chamber is a light source, and the leaf area measurement module cannot be installed;
2)叶室底部为温度测量探头(叶温热电偶)，没有空间安装叶面积测量模块且由于顶部光源干扰，普通相机难以拍摄具有清晰边缘的叶片，不能准确测量叶面积。因此，配套的叶面积测量模块需安装于叶室底部、兼具温度测量功能且在背景光干扰下能清晰拍摄叶片轮廓。2) The bottom of the leaf chamber is a temperature measurement probe (leaf temperature thermocouple), there is no space to install the leaf area measurement module and due to the interference of the top light source, it is difficult for ordinary cameras to photograph leaves with clear edges, and the leaf area cannot be accurately measured. Therefore, the supporting leaf area measurement module needs to be installed at the bottom of the leaf chamber, which has the function of temperature measurement and can clearly capture the outline of the leaf under the interference of background light.
另外若购买叶面积测量仪如叶面积分析仪，因其其价格昂贵，严重影响LI-6400/6800的经济性、便携性和适用性。此外，叶片在叶室中的具体方位在移取过程中有一定变化，使得取样测量叶面积有一定误差，导致在计算光合参数时实际误差较大(>20％)。因此，亟需开发无损且精确的LI-6400/6800叶面积测量模块。In addition, if you buy a leaf area measuring instrument such as a leaf area analyzer, because of its high price, it will seriously affect the economy, portability and applicability of LI-6400/6800. In addition, the specific orientation of the leaves in the leaf chamber changed to some extent during the removal process, resulting in certain errors in sampling and measuring the leaf area, resulting in a large actual error (>20%) when calculating photosynthetic parameters. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a non-destructive and accurate LI-6400/6800 leaf area measurement module.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种基于光合仪的植物叶面积测量系统，通过改造叶室，增加红外热成像测温摄像系统，配套LI-6400/6800光合仪的原叶室进行无损测量叶室内的叶面积，将极大地提高LI-6400/6800的数据可信性、适用性和便捷性。The object of the present invention is to provide a plant leaf area measurement system based on a photosynthetic instrument, by transforming the leaf chamber, adding an infrared thermal imaging temperature measurement camera system, and supporting the original leaf chamber of the LI-6400/6800 photosynthetic instrument to perform non-destructive measurement of the leaf area in the leaf chamber. Leaf area will greatly improve the data reliability, applicability and convenience of LI-6400/6800.
本发明提供了一种基于光合仪的植物叶面积测量系统，设在光合仪上，包括：The invention provides a plant leaf area measurement system based on a photosynthetic instrument, which is located on the photosynthetic instrument and includes:
红外热成像测温摄像系统，设在光合仪上的原叶室的下方，用于实时获取待测量的植物叶片的图像信息；Infrared thermal imaging temperature measurement camera system, located under the original leaf chamber on the photosynthetic instrument, is used to obtain the image information of the plant leaves to be measured in real time;
辅助叶室，设在光合仪上的原叶室的底部与红外热成像测温摄像系统之间，其顶部一端与光合仪上的原叶室的底部密封连通，底部一端密封罩设在所述红外热成像测温摄像系统上；The auxiliary leaf chamber is set between the bottom of the original leaf chamber on the photosynthetic instrument and the infrared thermal imaging temperature measurement camera system. Infrared thermal imaging temperature measurement camera system;
图片信息处理模块，用于对红外热成像测温摄像系统所获取的待测量的植物叶片的图像信息进行处理，得到待测量的植物叶片的叶面积信息以及叶温信息。The picture information processing module is used to process the image information of the plant leaves to be measured acquired by the infrared thermal imaging temperature measurement camera system to obtain leaf area information and leaf temperature information of the plant leaves to be measured.
进一步地，所述辅助叶室为长方柱形，且其横截面为3cm×3cm的矩形面。Further, the auxiliary leaf chamber is in the shape of a rectangular column, and its cross section is a rectangular surface of 3cm×3cm.
进一步地，所述辅助叶室的顶部为开口，且顶部的开口套设在光合仪上的原叶室的底部且与光合仪上的原叶室的底部密封连通；Further, the top of the auxiliary leaf chamber is an opening, and the opening at the top is sleeved on the bottom of the original leaf chamber on the photosynthetic apparatus and is in sealing communication with the bottom of the original leaf chamber on the photosynthetic apparatus;
所述辅助叶室的底面开设有安装槽；The bottom surface of the auxiliary leaf chamber is provided with an installation groove;
所述红外热成像测温摄像系统的摄像镜头位于安装槽中且摄像镜头朝向辅助叶室的顶部开口，所述红外热成像测温摄像系统的摄像镜头外壁与安装槽密封连接。The camera lens of the infrared thermal imaging temperature measurement camera system is located in the installation groove and the camera lens opens towards the top of the auxiliary leaf chamber, and the outer wall of the camera lens of the infrared thermal imaging temperature measurement camera system is sealed and connected with the installation groove.
进一步地，所述红外热成像测温摄像系统的摄像镜头与所述辅助叶室的顶部开口的距离大于20cm。Further, the distance between the camera lens of the infrared thermal imaging temperature measurement camera system and the top opening of the auxiliary leaf chamber is greater than 20 cm.
进一步地，所述辅助叶室由铝锂合金制成。Further, the auxiliary vane chamber is made of aluminum-lithium alloy.
进一步地，所述红外热成像测温摄像系统将实时拍摄到的待测量的植物叶片的图像信息发送给图片信息处理模块，图片信息处理模块对该图像信息进行处理、分析得到待测量的植物叶片的叶面积信息以及叶温信息。Further, the infrared thermal imaging temperature measurement camera system sends the image information of the plant leaves to be measured captured in real time to the image information processing module, and the image information processing module processes and analyzes the image information to obtain the plant leaves to be measured Leaf area information and leaf temperature information.
本发明提供一种基于光合仪的植物叶面积测量系统的使用方法，包括以下步骤：The invention provides a method for using a plant leaf area measurement system based on a photosynthetic instrument, comprising the following steps:
将红外热成像测温摄像系统设置在光合仪上的原叶室的下方；The infrared thermal imaging temperature measurement camera system is arranged under the original leaf chamber on the photosynthetic apparatus;
将辅助叶室设置在光合仪上的原叶室的底部与红外热成像测温摄像系统之间，并将辅助叶室顶部一端与光合仪上的原叶室的底部密封连通，底部一端密封罩设在红外热成像测温摄像系统上；The auxiliary leaf chamber is arranged between the bottom of the original leaf chamber on the photosynthetic instrument and the infrared thermal imaging temperature measurement camera system, and the top end of the auxiliary leaf chamber is sealed and communicated with the bottom of the original leaf chamber on the photosynthetic apparatus, and the bottom end is sealed. Set on the infrared thermal imaging temperature measurement camera system;
将待测量的植物叶片置于辅助叶室中，并利用红外热成像测温摄像系统获取待测量的植物叶片的图像信息；The plant leaves to be measured are placed in the auxiliary leaf chamber, and the image information of the plant leaves to be measured is obtained by an infrared thermal imaging temperature measurement camera system;
红外热成像测温摄像系统将所获取的图像信息传送给图片信息处理模块，图片信息处理模块对所获取的图像信息进行处理，得到待测量的植物叶片的叶面积信息以及叶温信息。The infrared thermal imaging temperature measurement camera system transmits the acquired image information to the image information processing module, and the image information processing module processes the acquired image information to obtain the leaf area information and leaf temperature information of the plant leaves to be measured.
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果：Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention:
本发明中通过在LI-6400/6800光合仪的原叶室下部加装辅助叶室，并在辅助叶室中设置用于获取待测量的植物的叶片图像信息的红外热成像测温摄像系统，创造性的解决了LI-6400/6800光合仪不能测量叶片面积的技术缺陷，此外，因本发明中的红外热成像测温摄像系统为红外热成像测温摄像系统，实现了对植物叶面积的测温并实现了无损测量叶面积，解决了现有的LI-6400/6800光合仪因没有测量叶面积的模块，难以计算叶室内叶片的准确面积，必须通过破坏性取样测量叶面积，影响实验连续性的问题。此外，本发明中通过改造叶室，加装红外热成像测温摄像系统实现了叶面积及叶温的实时测量，极大提高光合仪测量的准确性，且使LI-6400/6800光合仪可以测量较小的叶片，增强了LI-6400/6800光合仪适用性。In the present invention, an auxiliary leaf chamber is installed on the lower part of the original leaf chamber of the LI-6400/6800 photosynthetic instrument, and an infrared thermal imaging temperature measurement camera system for obtaining leaf image information of the plant to be measured is set in the auxiliary leaf chamber, It creatively solves the technical defect that the LI-6400/6800 photosynthetic instrument cannot measure the leaf area. In addition, because the infrared thermal imaging temperature measurement camera system in the present invention is an infrared thermal imaging temperature measurement camera system, the measurement of the plant leaf area is realized. Temperature and realize the non-destructive measurement of leaf area, which solves the problem that the existing LI-6400/6800 photosynthetic instrument has no module for measuring leaf area, so it is difficult to calculate the accurate area of leaves in the leaf chamber. Leaf area must be measured through destructive sampling, which affects the continuity of the experiment. sex issue. In addition, in the present invention, the real-time measurement of leaf area and leaf temperature is realized by transforming the leaf chamber and installing an infrared thermal imaging temperature measurement camera system, which greatly improves the accuracy of the photosynthetic instrument measurement, and enables the LI-6400/6800 photosynthetic instrument to Measuring smaller leaves enhances the applicability of LI-6400/6800 photosynthesizers.
附图说明Description of drawings
附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，并且构成说明书的一部分，与本发明的实施例一起用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的限制。在附图中：The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and constitute a part of the description, and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention, and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention. In the attached picture:
图1是本发明提出的一种基于光合仪的植物叶面积测量系统的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of plant leaf area measuring system based on photosynthetic instrument that the present invention proposes;
图2是本发明提出的一种基于光合仪的植物叶面积测量系统的系统结构示意图；Fig. 2 is the system structural representation of a kind of plant leaf area measuring system based on photosynthetic instrument that the present invention proposes;
图3是是本发明提出的一种基于光合仪的植物叶面积测量系统的工作原理流程示意图；Fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of the working principle of a plant leaf area measurement system based on a photosynthetic instrument proposed by the present invention;
图4是本发明提出的一种基于光合仪的植物叶面积测量系统的实施例中的红外热成像测温摄像系统所拍摄的红外拍摄叶片图片(右)与相机拍摄图片(左)效果对比示意图；Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the effect comparison between the infrared shooting leaf picture (right) and the camera shooting picture (left) taken by the infrared thermal imaging temperature measurement camera system in the embodiment of the plant leaf area measurement system based on photosynthesis proposed by the present invention ;
图5是是本发明提出的一种基于光合仪的植物叶面积测量系统的实施例中的测温示意图。Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of temperature measurement in an embodiment of a plant leaf area measurement system based on a photosynthetic instrument proposed by the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整的描述，但应当理解本发明的保护范围并不受具体实施方式的限制。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, but it should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments.
实施例1Example 1
如图1-3所示，一种基于光合仪的植物叶面积测量系统，设在光合仪上，包括：As shown in Figure 1-3, a plant leaf area measurement system based on a photosynthetic instrument is set on the photosynthetic instrument, including:
红外热成像测温摄像系统，设在光合仪上的原叶室的下方，用于实时获取待测量的植物叶片的图像信息；Infrared thermal imaging temperature measurement camera system, located under the original leaf chamber on the photosynthetic instrument, is used to obtain the image information of the plant leaves to be measured in real time;
辅助叶室，设在光合仪上的原叶室的底部与红外热成像测温摄像系统之间，其顶部一端与光合仪上的原叶室的底部密封连通，底部一端密封罩设在所述红外热成像测温摄像系统上；The auxiliary leaf chamber is set between the bottom of the original leaf chamber on the photosynthetic instrument and the infrared thermal imaging temperature measurement camera system. Infrared thermal imaging temperature measurement camera system;
图片信息处理模块，用于对红外热成像测温摄像系统所获取的待测量的植物叶片的图像信息进行处理，得到待测量的植物叶片的叶面积信息以及叶温信息。The picture information processing module is used to process the image information of the plant leaves to be measured acquired by the infrared thermal imaging temperature measurement camera system to obtain leaf area information and leaf temperature information of the plant leaves to be measured.
本植物叶面积测量系统通过在LI-6400光合仪的原叶室下部加装辅助叶室，并在辅助叶室中设置用于获取待测量的植物的叶片图像信息的红外热成像测温摄像系统，创造性的解决了LI-6400/6800光合仪不能测量叶片面积的技术缺陷，本方法简单易行，能应用于LI-6400光合仪以及其升级款LI-6800光合仪，且通过简单的改造能无差别应用于所有光合仪中。The plant leaf area measurement system installs an auxiliary leaf chamber at the lower part of the original leaf chamber of the LI-6400 photosynthetic instrument, and sets an infrared thermal imaging temperature measurement camera system for obtaining leaf image information of the plant to be measured in the auxiliary leaf chamber. , which creatively solves the technical defect that the LI-6400/6800 photosynthetic instrument cannot measure the leaf area. No distinction applies to all photosynthesizers.
此外，在光合仪上的原叶室的底部设置辅助叶室不仅解决了用于获取叶片图像信息的红外热成像测温摄像系统的安装，并且保证了LI-6400/6800光合仪的原叶室的气密性，满足了测量条件。将待测量的植物叶片置于连通后的光合仪上的原叶室及辅助叶室中，并利用红外热成像测温摄像系统获取待测量的植物叶片的图像信息，接着红外热成像测温摄像系统将获取到的图像信息传送至图片信息处理模块，图片信息处理模块对接收到的图片信息进行处理、分析，根据处理结果即可得到待测量的植物叶片的叶面积信息以及叶温信息。In addition, setting the auxiliary leaf chamber at the bottom of the original leaf chamber on the photosynthetic instrument not only solves the installation of the infrared thermal imaging temperature measurement camera system for obtaining leaf image information, but also ensures the original leaf chamber of the LI-6400/6800 photosynthetic instrument The airtightness meets the measurement conditions. Place the plant leaves to be measured in the primary leaf chamber and auxiliary leaf chamber on the connected photosynthetic instrument, and use the infrared thermal imaging temperature measurement camera system to obtain the image information of the plant leaves to be measured, and then infrared thermal imaging temperature measurement camera The system transmits the acquired image information to the image information processing module, and the image information processing module processes and analyzes the received image information, and obtains the leaf area information and leaf temperature information of the plant leaves to be measured according to the processing results.
辅助叶室为长方柱形，且其横截面为3cm×3cm的矩形面，为了便于实现辅助叶室与光合仪上的原叶室之间的密封连接，且为了形成植物叶片的测量叶室。The auxiliary leaf chamber is a rectangular column, and its cross section is a rectangular surface of 3cm×3cm. In order to facilitate the sealing connection between the auxiliary leaf chamber and the original leaf chamber on the photosynthetic apparatus, and to form the measuring leaf chamber of the plant leaves .
辅助叶室的顶部为开口，且顶部的开口套设在光合仪上的原叶室的底部且与光合仪上的原叶室的底部密封连通。为了实现辅助叶室的顶部与光合仪上的原叶室的底部密封连接，可在辅助叶室的顶部与光合仪上的原叶室的底部之间设置密封垫圈。The top of the auxiliary leaf chamber is an opening, and the opening on the top is sleeved on the bottom of the original leaf chamber on the photosynthetic apparatus and is in sealing communication with the bottom of the original leaf chamber on the photosynthetic apparatus. In order to realize the sealing connection between the top of the auxiliary leaf chamber and the bottom of the original leaf chamber on the photosynthetic apparatus, a sealing gasket can be arranged between the top of the auxiliary leaf chamber and the bottom of the original leaf chamber on the photosynthetic apparatus.
辅助叶室的底面开设有安装槽，红外热成像测温摄像系统的摄像镜头位于安装槽中且摄像镜头朝向辅助叶室的顶部开口，红外热成像测温摄像系统的摄像镜头外壁与安装槽密封连接。为了满足进行植物叶面积测量时的密封条件，可通过将红外热成像测温摄像系统与辅助叶室利用密封圈进行密封连接。The bottom surface of the auxiliary leaf chamber is provided with an installation groove. The camera lens of the infrared thermal imaging temperature measurement camera system is located in the installation groove and the camera lens faces the top opening of the auxiliary leaf chamber. The outer wall of the camera lens of the infrared thermal imaging temperature measurement camera system is sealed with the installation groove. connect. In order to meet the sealing conditions when measuring the plant leaf area, the infrared thermal imaging temperature measurement camera system and the auxiliary leaf chamber can be sealed and connected with a sealing ring.
红外热成像测温摄像系统的摄像镜头与辅助叶室的顶部开口的距离大于20cm。因红外热成像测温摄像系统中的摄像镜头与被拍摄物之间需要一定的拍照距离，通常距离目标物20cm左右可拍摄清晰的红外图像，故设置红外热成像测温摄像系统的摄像镜头与辅助叶室的顶部开口的距离大于20cm，满足了红外热成像测温摄像系统的摄像条件。The distance between the camera lens of the infrared thermal imaging temperature measurement camera system and the top opening of the auxiliary leaf chamber is greater than 20 cm. Because the camera lens in the infrared thermal imaging temperature measurement camera system needs a certain photographing distance from the object to be photographed, usually about 20cm away from the target object, a clear infrared image can be taken, so the camera lens of the infrared thermal imaging temperature measurement camera system is set with The distance between the top opening of the auxiliary leaf chamber is greater than 20 cm, which meets the imaging conditions of the infrared thermal imaging temperature measurement camera system.
辅助叶室由铝锂合金制成。通过设置辅助叶室由铝锂合金合金制成，可使得辅助叶室整体的强度增加，且具有较好的密闭性、抗腐蚀性和抗疲劳性以及适宜的延展性，满足了实际测量需求。The auxiliary chamber is made of aluminum-lithium alloy. By setting the auxiliary vane chamber made of aluminum-lithium alloy, the overall strength of the auxiliary vane chamber can be increased, and it has good airtightness, corrosion resistance, fatigue resistance and suitable ductility, which meets the actual measurement requirements.
红外热成像测温摄像系统与图片信息处理模块通信连接，将实时拍摄到的待测量的植物叶片的图像信息发送给图片信息处理模块，图片信息处理模块根据红外热成像测温摄像系统所拍摄到的植物叶片的图像信息进行具体的处理、分析，实现了对待测量的植物叶片的叶面积信息以及叶温信息的获取。The infrared thermal imaging temperature measurement camera system communicates with the picture information processing module, and sends the image information of the plant leaves to be measured in real time to the picture information processing module. The image information of the plant leaves is specifically processed and analyzed, and the leaf area information and leaf temperature information of the plant leaves to be measured are obtained.
在图片信息处理模块通过对所拍摄的植物叶片的图像信息进行处理、分析时，获取待测量的植物叶片的叶面积信息时，具体采用ImageJ软件进行处理，处理过程如下：When the image information processing module processes and analyzes the image information of the taken plant leaves, and obtains the leaf area information of the plant leaves to be measured, the ImageJ software is used for processing, and the processing process is as follows:
(1)使用ImageJ打开标尺图片，注意：标尺图片需在拍摄叶片红外图片的同样条件下拍摄。(1) Use ImageJ to open the picture of the scale. Note: the picture of the scale must be taken under the same conditions as the infrared picture of the leaf.
(2)使用直线工具，标记标尺。设定标尺：菜单栏-Analyze-Setscale，在弹出的对话框中输入相应的单位以及长度值。(2) Using the straight line tool, mark the ruler. Set the scale: menu bar-Analyze-Setscale, enter the corresponding unit and length value in the pop-up dialog box.
(3)矩形叶片，打开叶片红外图像后，选择Rectangular，画出叶片形状。点击Analyse-measure，可得出所测叶片的面积。(3) Rectangular leaf, open the infrared image of the leaf, select Rectangular, and draw the shape of the leaf. Click Analyze-measure to get the area of the measured leaf.
(4)对其它形状叶片，选择freehandselections，沿叶片边缘画出叶片轮廓。点击Analyse-measure，可得出叶片面积。(4) For other shapes of leaves, select freehandselections, and draw the outline of the leaf along the edge of the leaf. Click Analyze-measure to get the leaf area.
如图4左所示为相机拍摄的图片，如图4右所示为本发明中的光合仪的植物叶面积测量系统拍摄的红外叶片图片，通过对两个图片进行对比可以发现红外拍摄的叶片图片边缘清晰，不受背景光源影响。普通相机收到光源影响，效果较差。Shown on the left side of Figure 4 is the picture taken by the camera, and shown on the right side of Figure 4 is the infrared leaf picture taken by the plant leaf area measurement system of the photosynthetic instrument in the present invention, by comparing the two pictures, it can be found that the blade taken by infrared The edges of the picture are clear and unaffected by background light sources. Ordinary cameras are affected by light sources, and the effect is poor.
在图片信息处理模块通过对所拍摄的植物叶片的图像信息进行处理、分析时，获取待测量的植物叶片的叶温信息时，具体处理过程如下：When the picture information processing module processes and analyzes the image information of the taken plant leaves and obtains the leaf temperature information of the plant leaves to be measured, the specific processing process is as follows:
本申请文件中的红外热成像测温摄像系统利用热成像技术，将待测量的植物叶片的温差转换成实时视频图像显示出来，具体红外热成像技术是利用微热辐射探测器、光学成像物镜和光机扫描系统接收被测目标的红外辐射信号，经过光谱滤波、空间滤波使聚焦的红外辐射能量分布图形反映到红外探测器的光敏元上，即对被测物的红外热像进行扫描并聚焦在单元或分光探测器上，由探测器将红外辐射能转换成电信号经放大处理，转换成标准视频信号通过电视屏或监视器显示红外热像图。The infrared thermal imaging temperature measurement camera system in this application document uses thermal imaging technology to convert the temperature difference of the plant leaves to be measured into real-time video images for display. The specific infrared thermal imaging technology uses micro-thermal radiation detectors, optical imaging objective lenses and light The computer scanning system receives the infrared radiation signal of the measured object, and after spectral filtering and spatial filtering, the focused infrared radiation energy distribution pattern is reflected on the photosensitive element of the infrared detector, that is, the infrared thermal image of the measured object is scanned and focused on On the unit or spectroscopic detector, the infrared radiation energy is converted into an electrical signal by the detector, which is amplified and converted into a standard video signal to display the infrared thermal image on a TV screen or monitor.
红外热成像测温摄像系统通过将叶片发射的红外线辐射能转变成电信号，红外线辐射能的大小与叶片表面温度相对应，根据转变成电信号大小，可以确定叶片的表面温度。如图5所示为利用图片信息处理模块获取的所拍摄的植物叶片的图像信息中的叶温信息。The infrared thermal imaging temperature measurement camera system converts the infrared radiant energy emitted by the blade into an electrical signal. The magnitude of the infrared radiant energy corresponds to the surface temperature of the blade. According to the magnitude of the converted electrical signal, the surface temperature of the blade can be determined. Fig. 5 shows the leaf temperature information in the image information of the plant leaves captured by the image information processing module.
本发明提出通过改造光合仪上的原叶室，并增加红外热成像测温摄像系统，可实现叶面积及叶温的实时测量，极大提高光合仪测量的准确性。使光合仪可以测量较小的叶片，将极大地提高LI-6400/6800的数据可信性、适用性和便捷性。同时，本发明中的植物叶面积测量系统通过采用红外热成像测温摄像系统的热成像技术实现了对植物叶面积的测温并实现了无损测量叶面积，实现了追踪同一植物生长、叶片扩展或抗逆性的有限样本或长期试验，避免了对于不同大小的叶片进行测量时需更换适配的叶室的问题。The invention proposes that the real-time measurement of leaf area and leaf temperature can be realized by modifying the original leaf chamber on the photosynthetic instrument and adding an infrared thermal imaging temperature measurement camera system, which greatly improves the measurement accuracy of the photosynthetic instrument. Enabling the photosynthetic instrument to measure smaller leaves will greatly improve the data reliability, applicability and convenience of the LI-6400/6800. At the same time, the plant leaf area measurement system in the present invention realizes the temperature measurement of the plant leaf area and the non-destructive measurement of the leaf area by using the thermal imaging technology of the infrared thermal imaging temperature measurement camera system, and realizes the tracking of the growth and leaf expansion of the same plant. Or limited sample or long-term test of stress resistance, avoiding the problem of changing the adapted leaf chamber when measuring blades of different sizes.
实施例2Example 2
本发明提供一种基于光合仪的植物叶面积测量系统的使用方法，包括以下步骤：The invention provides a method for using a plant leaf area measurement system based on a photosynthetic instrument, comprising the following steps:
将红外热成像测温摄像系统设置在光合仪上的原叶室的下方；The infrared thermal imaging temperature measurement camera system is arranged under the original leaf chamber on the photosynthetic apparatus;
将辅助叶室设置在光合仪上的原叶室的底部与红外热成像测温摄像系统之间，并将辅助叶室顶部一端与光合仪上的原叶室的底部密封连通，底部一端密封罩设在红外热成像测温摄像系统上；The auxiliary leaf chamber is arranged between the bottom of the original leaf chamber on the photosynthetic instrument and the infrared thermal imaging temperature measurement camera system, and the top end of the auxiliary leaf chamber is sealed and communicated with the bottom of the original leaf chamber on the photosynthetic apparatus, and the bottom end is sealed. Set on the infrared thermal imaging temperature measurement camera system;
将待测量的植物叶片置于辅助叶室中，并利用红外热成像测温摄像系统获取待测量的植物叶片的图像信息；The plant leaves to be measured are placed in the auxiliary leaf chamber, and the image information of the plant leaves to be measured is obtained by an infrared thermal imaging temperature measurement camera system;
红外热成像测温摄像系统将所获取的图像信息传送给图片信息处理模块，图片信息处理模块对所获取的图像信息进行处理，得到待测量的植物叶片的叶面积信息以及叶温信息。The infrared thermal imaging temperature measurement camera system transmits the acquired image information to the image information processing module, and the image information processing module processes the acquired image information to obtain the leaf area information and leaf temperature information of the plant leaves to be measured.
最后说明的是：以上公开的仅为本发明的一个具体实施例，但是，本发明实施例并非局限于此，任何本领域的技术人员能思之的变化都应落入本发明的保护范围。Finally, note: the above disclosure is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, however, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes conceivable by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
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