CN115304331A - Environment-friendly composite industrial waste solidified sludge and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Environment-friendly composite industrial waste solidified sludge and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115304331A CN115304331A CN202211034833.0A CN202211034833A CN115304331A CN 115304331 A CN115304331 A CN 115304331A CN 202211034833 A CN202211034833 A CN 202211034833A CN 115304331 A CN115304331 A CN 115304331A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00017—Aspects relating to the protection of the environment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00767—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for waste stabilisation purposes
- C04B2111/00775—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for waste stabilisation purposes the composition being used as waste barriers or the like, e.g. compositions used for waste disposal purposes only, but not containing the waste itself
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Abstract
The invention discloses an environment-friendly composite industrial waste solidified sludge and a preparation method thereof, wherein each 100 parts by weight of raw materials comprise the following components: 6.5 to 8.0 parts of phosphogypsum, 7.4 to 9.0 parts of fly ash, 9.5 to 12.1 parts of furnace slag, 2.7 to 3.0 parts of calcium oxide, 3.0 to 3.4 parts of montmorillonite, 8.5 to 10.6 parts of ordinary portland cement and 50.5 to 62.5 parts of sludge. The invention has simple and convenient operation and low cost, can recycle a large amount of industrial waste, can use the solidified sludge on the spot for engineering foundation, greatly reduces the stockpiling of the sludge and industrial solid waste, effectively utilizes the mutual promotion function among all the components by the compound use of various industrial waste, improves the sludge strength, and ensures the sludge solidification treatment efficiency and the environmental safety.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of solidified sludge, in particular to environment-friendly composite industrial waste solidified sludge and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Sludge has been a difficult problem for recycling due to the problem of mass accumulation and the resulting pollution. At present, sludge rich in pollutants is treated in the modes of solidification, microbial digestion, incineration, elutriation, filter pressing, concentration, landfill and the like. The operation difficulty, the treatment period, the treatment cost and the engineering application value after treatment of the treatment mode are comprehensively considered, and the solidification treatment is concerned by the outstanding advantages of simple and convenient operation, rapid treatment, high yield and applicability to engineering foundation. And (4) solidification treatment, namely converting the sludge with high water content and low strength into engineering soil with higher strength and low pollution for utilization. In the traditional solidification treatment, cement is added into sludge for stirring, but the solidification treatment cost is difficult to control due to large cement requirement, and a large amount of heavy metal ions in the sludge and an acid environment have continuous negative effects on cement setting and hardening, engineering structures and the environment, so that the actual effect is difficult to meet the requirement.
In order to overcome the defects of curing and treating the sludge by the cement, engineers try to find suitable low-cost industrial waste materials to replace part of the cement so as to reduce the cost, such as fly ash, phosphogypsum, iron tailing slag, alkaline residue and the like. Moreover, the method can effectively solve the dilemma that the existing industrial waste is large in variety and large in stock keeping quantity, occupies land and is low in recycling rate. More importantly, the recycling of industrial waste can also relieve the complex environmental problems of air pollution, water body acidification eutrophication, serious soil pollution and the like caused by mass stockpiling. Taking phosphogypsum as an example, the storage amount of the phosphogypsum reaches 2.96 hundred million tons by the end of 2020, and the serious environmental impact caused by long-term storage of the phosphogypsum is attracted by wide attention. However, the actual comprehensive utilization rate of the phosphogypsum is far from the expected target (expected to be more than 40%), and the problem of the current massive phosphogypsum stockpiling is urgent to find a suitable application scene for resource utilization. However, although the application potential of curing treatment of sludge by using various industrial wastes represented by phosphogypsum to replace partial cement is great, the following problems still remain to be solved:
first, the solidification mechanism of industrial waste is single. The curing efficiency of single industrial waste is low, and the requirements in various aspects are difficult to meet. However, when multiple industrial wastes are used in combination, if the interaction between the industrial wastes cannot be well treated, the curing effect may be not as expected.
Secondly, the use of industrial waste is likely to cause secondary environmental pollution. For example, heavy metal ions (e.g. Pb) contained in phosphogypsum due to its very poor water stability 2+ 、Cd 2+ Etc.) are difficult to be wrapped and absorbed in the solidified body, and can be possibly accompanied with precipitation or underground water during the use processAnd secondary pollution is caused by precipitation.
Thirdly, the soil body formed by the solidified sludge of the industrial waste has the potential risk of reducing the service life of the engineering structure and the equipment. After being oxidized, partial industrial waste materials such as phosphogypsum and sulfides in fly ash are dissolved in rainfall or underground water, the acidity of a soil body is increased rapidly, the foundation, a pile body, equipment and the like are corroded, the service life is shortened, and the loss is avoided.
Therefore, under the common goals of meeting the solidification effect of the sludge and recycling the industrial waste in a large amount, how to realize the maximization of the composite effect of the industrial waste and the cement without secondary pollution is a key problem faced by the current large-dosage industrial waste solidified sludge. The method solves the problems, has important value for reducing the stockpiling amount of the sludge and the industrial waste and the problem of accompanying environmental pollution, and has guiding significance for promoting the infrastructure.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the technical defects, provides environment-friendly composite industrial waste solidified sludge and a preparation method thereof, and solves the problems of low strength, secondary pollution, reduction of structure and equipment service life and the like when one or more industrial wastes are used for cooperatively solidifying the sludge at present.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme of the invention provides an environment-friendly composite industrial waste solidified sludge:
every 100 weight parts of raw materials comprise the following components: 6.5 to 8.0 parts of phosphogypsum, 7.4 to 9.0 parts of fly ash, 9.5 to 12.1 parts of furnace slag, 2.7 to 3.0 parts of calcium oxide, 3.0 to 3.4 parts of montmorillonite, 8.5 to 10.6 parts of ordinary portland cement and 50.5 to 62.5 parts of sludge.
Preferably, the portland cement is portland cement having a strength grade of 32.5.
Preferably, the phosphogypsum is solid waste generated in a wet-process phosphoric acid process, and is dried and then ball-milled to 100-200 meshes when in use.
Preferably, the fly ash is a first grade fly ash.
Preferably, the slag is an alkaline slag having a pH of 8.0 to 9.0.
Preferably, montmorillonite and calcium oxide are commercial additives.
Preferably, the sludge is common lake bottom sludge or river channel sediment sludge, namely soft soil with natural water content larger than a fluidity limit and a porosity ratio larger than 1.5, and the water content is less than 90%.
The technical scheme of the preparation method of the environment-friendly composite industrial waste solidified sludge is as follows:
the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Uniformly mixing phosphogypsum, fly ash, furnace slag, calcium oxide and montmorillonite in parts by weight to obtain a mixture A;
(2) And adding cement and the mixture A into the sludge, uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture B, tamping the mixture B, and naturally curing to obtain the solidified sludge.
Further, in the step (1), the mixture A is obtained by grinding for 10 to 30 minutes.
Further, in the step (2), stirring for 45-90 minutes to obtain a mixture B; the natural curing time is 6 to 8 days.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) According to the invention, the water content of the sludge is reduced by adding the calcium oxide and the montmorillonite water-absorbing material, the compactness of the solidified sludge is increased, the strength of the sludge is improved, the engineering requirements are met, and the phenomenon of spring soil after the sludge is solidified can be avoided. Meanwhile, the risk of separating out pollutants in silt soil is effectively reduced.
(2) The invention reduces the acidity of the solidified sludge by adding the alkaline materials such as calcium oxide, slag and the like, and solves the corrosion risk of the engineering structure and equipment in the using process.
(3) According to the invention, through the compound use of various industrial wastes, the mutual promotion effect among the components is effectively utilized, and the sludge solidification treatment efficiency and the environmental safety are ensured.
(4) The invention has simple and convenient operation and low cost, can recycle a large amount of industrial waste, can use the solidified sludge as engineering foundation on site, greatly reduces the stockpiling of the sludge and industrial solid waste, and has obvious environmental protection benefit.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not limit the invention.
The invention provides environment-friendly composite industrial waste solidified sludge, which is prepared by treating phosphogypsum, fly ash, furnace slag, ordinary portland cement, calcium oxide, montmorillonite and sludge according to a certain proportion and a certain process. The material composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 6.5 to 8.0 parts of phosphogypsum, 7.4 to 9.0 parts of fly ash, 9.5 to 12.1 parts of furnace slag, 2.7 to 3.0 parts of calcium oxide, 3.0 to 3.4 parts of montmorillonite, 8.5 to 10.6 parts of ordinary portland cement and 50.5 to 62.5 parts of sludge.
The invention provides a preparation method of environment-friendly composite industrial waste solidified sludge, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, 6.5 to 8.0 parts of phosphogypsum, 7.4 to 9.0 parts of fly ash, 9.5 to 12.1 parts of furnace slag, 2.7 to 3.0 parts of calcium oxide and 3.0 to 3.4 parts of montmorillonite are mixed and mechanically ground for 10 to 30 minutes. Then 8.5 to 10.6 parts of cement and the mixture after mechanical grinding are added into 50.5 to 62.5 parts of sludge, the mixture is stirred for 45 to 90 minutes and then tamped by a vibration tamping machine, and the solidified sludge with low water content and high strength is obtained after natural curing for 7 days.
The main action mechanism of the invention is as follows:
firstly, phosphogypsum in the composite industrial waste can react with calcium aluminate hydrate in cement hydration products to generate high-sulfur calcium sulphoaluminate hydrate (ettringite), a net-shaped space supporting structure is formed in pores, the solid phase volume is increased by about 120 percent, so that partial pores are filled, the pore volume of sludge solidified soil is reduced, the average pore diameter of the solidified soil pores is reduced, and the filling and compacting effects are achieved. At the same time, ettringite releases a large amount of Ca 2+ Na carried on the surface of solidified soil particles + 、K + Exchange is carried out, so that the thickness of the diffusion double-electrode layer on the surface of the soil particles is reduced, the repulsion among the soil particles is reduced, the solidified soil particles are promoted to agglomerate, and the soil strength is improved.
Second, the active SiO contained in the fly ash in the composite industrial waste 2 、Al 2 O 3 Can be mixed with cement hydration product Ca (OH) 2 The volcanic ash reaction occurs to generate hydrated calcium silicate and hydrated calcium aluminate to play a role in gelation. Because the volcanic ash reaction is mostly generated on the surface of the sludge particles or nearby the sludge particles, the sludge particles can be secondarily cemented by the cementing material generated by the volcanic ash reaction to form a more stable whole body. Meanwhile, the fly ash also plays a role in lubricating and filling, and fine particles of the fly ash are filled into pores of the solidified sludge, so that the strength of the solidified sludge can be improved. In addition, the reaction product of the fly ash and the volcanic ash can be reacted with CaSO in the phosphogypsum 4 ·2H 2 A gelled product is generated through the O reaction, the binding force between interfaces is enhanced, and the strength of the solidified sludge is favorably improved; meanwhile, the mechanical stability of the obtained solidified sludge in the macroscopic aspect can be improved by the gel layer, the structural stability of the solidified sludge in the microscopic aspect can also be improved, heavy metal ions are prevented from losing and entering a water body, and secondary pollution is avoided.
Thirdly, ca (OH) with different degrees of development such as flocculent, needle bar and plate can be seen among the gaps of the slag particles in the composite industrial waste 2 Can participate in the volcanic ash reaction of the fly ash. And the rough surface of the slag particles can increase the internal friction angle and strengthen the internal embedding and extruding structure of the solidified sludge. In addition, alkali active ingredients in the slag particles are easy to be hydrated to generate silicate and aluminosilicate cements with stable properties, so that the pores of the sludge are filled, a compact and stable network structure is formed, and the water stability of the solidified sludge is improved.
Fourthly, montmorillonite has strong adsorption capacity to heavy metal ions. A large amount of Ca provided by three industrial wastes such as phosphogypsum, fly ash and slag and cement hydration products 2+ Balancing negative charges on silicon-oxygen tetrahedron in montmorillonite crystal layer, making montmorillonite structure be separated and dispersed into thinner single crystal sheet, increasing internal surface area, greatly enhancing its adsorption performance due to Cu pairing of montmorillonite 2+ 、Pb 2+ 、Cd 2+ 、Cr 3+ The adsorption of four heavy metal ions has stronger selectivity, and Ca stored between montmorillonite layers 2+ The method can perform ion exchange with the heavy metal ions, so that the heavy metal ions are absorbed into montmorillonite crystal layers, and double guarantee is achieved by combining the gelation effect, thereby preventing the heavy metal ions from flowing away along with rainfall and underground water after the composite industrial waste is solidified to treat sludge.
Fifth, calcium oxide can provide an alkaline environment. During the grinding and stirring process, the calcium oxide reacts with water to generate Ca (OH) 2 On one hand, the composite material can play a role in alkali excitation on phosphogypsum and fly ash, promote the volcanic ash reaction, accelerate the formation of a silica-alumina gel phase and be beneficial to improving the sludge strength. On the other hand, humic acid and other acids in the sludge can be neutralized, the influence on the generation of a cementing material is reduced, the damage to an ettringite needle-shaped structure and the inhibition on the volcanic ash reaction and the montmorillonite adsorption are reduced, and the corrosion to engineering structures and equipment can also be avoided.
In conclusion, the invention designs a reasonable compounding scheme according to the physical and chemical properties of various industrial wastes, can increase the recycling amount by utilizing the interaction among the industrial wastes, and can improve the curing efficiency. The invention can effectively solve the problems of low curing efficiency, secondary pollution and reduced structure and equipment service life of the prior sludge co-cured by one or more industrial wastes, and adopts the composite industrial waste to cure the sludge, so as to convert the waste sludge with high water content and low strength into engineering soil with stable high strength and low pollution for utilization. The solidified sludge and the preparation method can greatly improve the consumption and the utilization efficiency of various industrial wastes, and achieve the aims of reducing industrial waste stockpiling, reducing sludge solidification treatment cost, avoiding potential secondary pollution and the like. Therefore, the sludge cured by the method can be applied to engineering foundations in large quantity, and the social benefit and the economic benefit are very remarkable.
The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples.
Comparative example A 0 ：
Ordinary portland cement: sludge =40.0 parts: 60.0 parts.
Firstly, weighing ordinary portland cement according to the proportion of ingredients, adding the ordinary portland cement into the weighed sludge, stirring for 60 minutes, tamping by using a vibration tamper, and naturally curing for 7 days to obtain the comparative example solidified sludge.
Comparative example A 1 ：
Phosphogypsum: ordinary portland cement: sludge =10.0 parts: 30.0 parts of: 60.0 parts.
Firstly, weighing phosphogypsum according to the proportion of ingredients, mechanically grinding the phosphogypsum for 15 minutes, then adding the phosphogypsum and ordinary portland cement into the weighed sludge, stirring the mixture for 60 minutes, tamping the mixture by using a vibration tamper, and naturally curing the mixture for 7 days to obtain the comparative example solidified sludge.
Comparative example A 2 ：
Fly ash: ordinary portland cement: sludge =10.0 parts: 30.0 parts of: 60.0 parts.
Firstly, weighing ardealite according to the proportion of ingredients, mechanically grinding for 15 minutes, then adding the ardealite and ordinary portland cement into the weighed sludge, stirring for 60 minutes, tamping by using a vibration compactor, and naturally curing for 7 days to obtain the comparative example solidified sludge.
Comparative example A 3 ：
Phosphogypsum: fly ash: ordinary portland cement: sludge =11.0 parts: 8.0 part: 21.0 part: 60.0 parts.
Firstly, weighing the phosphogypsum and the fly ash according to the proportion of ingredients, mixing and mechanically grinding for 15 minutes. And then adding the mixture and ordinary portland cement into the weighed sludge, stirring for 60 minutes, tamping by using a vibration tamper, and naturally curing for 7 days to obtain the comparative example solidified sludge.
Comparative example A 4 ：
Phosphogypsum: fly ash: slag: montmorillonite: ordinary portland cement: sludge =8.0 parts: 8.0 parts of: 10.0 parts of: 4.0 part: 10.0 parts of: 60.0 parts.
Firstly, weighing the phosphogypsum, the fly ash, the slag and the montmorillonite according to the proportion of the ingredients, mixing and mechanically grinding for 15 minutes. And then adding the mixture and ordinary portland cement into the weighed sludge, stirring for 60 minutes, tamping by using a vibration tamper, and naturally curing for 7 days to obtain the comparative example solidified sludge.
Comparative example A 5 ：
Phosphogypsum: fly ash: slag: calcium oxide: ordinary portland cement: sludge =8.0 parts: 8.0 part: 10.0 parts of: 4.0 part: 10.0 parts of: 60.0 parts.
Firstly, weighing the phosphogypsum, the fly ash, the furnace slag and the calcium oxide according to the proportion of the ingredients, mixing and mechanically grinding for 15 minutes. And then adding the mixture and ordinary portland cement into the weighed sludge, stirring for 60 minutes, tamping by using a vibration tamper, and naturally curing for 7 days to obtain the comparative example solidified sludge.
Comparative example A 6 ：
Phosphogypsum: fly ash: slag: calcium hydroxide: ordinary portland cement: sludge =8.0 parts: 8.0 parts of: 10.0 parts of: 4.0 part: 10.0 parts of: 60.0 parts.
Firstly, weighing the phosphogypsum, the fly ash, the furnace slag and the calcium hydroxide according to the proportion of the ingredients, mixing and mechanically grinding for 15 minutes. And then adding the mixture and ordinary portland cement into the weighed sludge, stirring for 60 minutes, tamping by using a vibration tamper, and naturally curing for 7 days to obtain the comparative example solidified sludge.
Example B 1 ：
Phosphogypsum: fly ash: slag: calcium oxide: montmorillonite: ordinary portland cement: sludge =8.0 parts: 8.2 parts of: 12.0 parts of: 2.8 parts of: 3.0 parts of: 8.5 parts of: 57.5 parts.
Example B 2 ：
Phosphogypsum: fly ash: slag: calcium oxide: montmorillonite: ordinary portland cement: sludge =8.0 parts: 8.2 parts of: 10.0 parts of: 2.7 parts of: 3.0 part: 10.6 parts of: 57.5 parts.
Example B 3 ：
Phosphogypsum: fly ash: slag: calcium oxide: montmorillonite: ordinary portland cement: sludge =7.5 parts: 7.5 parts of: 10.0 parts of: 3.0 parts of: 3.4 parts of: 8.6 parts of: 60.0 parts.
Example B 4 ：
Phosphogypsum: fly ash: slag: calcium oxide: montmorillonite: ordinary portland cement: sludge =6.5 parts: 7.4 parts of: 9.6 parts of: 2.7 parts of: 3.0 parts of: 10.5 parts of: 60.3 parts.
Example B 1 -B 4 In the preparation method of the industrial waste solidified sludge, firstly, the phosphogypsum, the fly ash, the furnace slag, the calcium oxide, the montmorillonite, the ordinary Portland cement and the sludge are weighed according to the proportion of ingredients for standby.
Wherein:
the ordinary portland cement is ordinary portland cement with a strength grade of 32.5.
The phosphogypsum is solid waste generated in a wet-process phosphoric acid process, and is dried and then ball-milled to 100-200 meshes when in use.
The fly ash is first-grade fly ash.
The slag is alkaline slag, and the pH value of the slag is 8.0-9.0.
The montmorillonite and the calcium oxide are commodity additives.
The sludge is common lake bottom and river channel deposited sludge, namely soft soil with natural water content larger than a fluidity limit and a pore ratio larger than 1.5.
Secondly, weighing the phosphogypsum, the fly ash, the furnace slag, the calcium oxide and the montmorillonite according to the proportion of the ingredients, mixing and mechanically grinding for 15 minutes; then the mixture and ordinary portland cement are added into the weighed sludge to be stirred for 60 minutes, and then a vibration tamper is used for tamping, and the embodiment solidified sludge is obtained after natural curing for 7 days.
For comparison, the raw material amounts of the above examples and comparative examples are tabulated and shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1 amount of raw materials (parts by weight) for each example and comparative example of the present invention
In order to verify the effectiveness of the present invention, the cured sludge obtained in the above examples and comparative examples was tested, wherein:
the pH values were obtained by averaging 10 groups of each set of solidified sludge in the comparative example, by means of a bench pH meter.
The evaluation of heavy metal ion pollution refers to ' soil pollution risk management and control standards (trial) for soil environment quality construction land) (GB 36600), wherein lead and cadmium are measured and calculated according to ' graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry for measuring soil quality lead and cadmium ' (GB/T17141), and chromium is measured and calculated according to ' flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry for measuring soil and sediment copper, zinc, lead, nickel and chromium ' (HJ 491)).
The water content is measured by a drying method, each group of solidified sludge is divided into 5 parts, and the solidified sludge is obtained by drying to constant weight, calculating and averaging.
The compressive strength is measured by a 28d unconfined compressive strength test, and each group of solidified sludge is divided into 5 parts for testing, and the unconfined compressive strength of the 28d is obtained by averaging.
The results of testing the cured sludge of the products of the examples and comparative examples of the present invention are shown in table 2 below.
TABLE 2 test results of solidified sludge obtained by the products of examples and comparative examples of the present invention
As can be seen from Table 1, comparative example A 0 To comparative example A 6 And example B 3 The amount of the sludge is fixed, but at least one of six components of phosphogypsum, fly ash, slag, calcium oxide, montmorillonite and ordinary portland cement is lacked in the comparative example, and the test results of all indexes in the table 2 show that the comprehensive performance of the solidified sludge obtained in the comparative example is relative to that of the example B 3 Is significantly reduced.
From comparative example A 0 To comparative example A 3 It can be known that under the condition that other components are single, the synergistic effect cannot be effectively exerted, and the compressive strength of the obtained solidified sludge is gradually reduced along with the reduction of the using amount of the ordinary portland cement.
From comparative example A 4 (containing 4 parts of montmorillonite) and comparative example A 5 (containing 4 parts of calcium oxide) comparative example A 4 In is adoptedMontmorillonite and other components have obvious effect on reducing the content of heavy metal ions; while combining example B 3 Therefore, the whole formula of the invention has further synergistic effect on the reduction of the content of heavy metal ions; and comparative example A 5 The calcium oxide is adopted and is matched with other components, so that the sludge strength is improved.
Comparative example A 6 Comparative example A 5 The CaO is replaced by CaOH, the performance of the obtained solidified sludge is reduced, particularly the water content is increased, and the compressive strength is reduced, which shows that the CaOH cannot effectively play the role and the advantage of the CaO and cannot play a role in matching with other components.
Therefore, after the phosphogypsum, the fly ash, the slag, the calcium oxide, the montmorillonite and the ordinary portland cement are added in a proper proportion, the acidity and the metal ion content of the solidified sludge are obviously reduced, and the compressive strength is improved, which shows that the solidified sludge obtained in the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of neutrality (the pH value is 6.5-7.2), low pollution (the Pb is 42-57 mg/kg, the Cr is 12-14 mg/kg, the Cd is 19-28 mg/kg, and is reduced by about 1-9 times compared with the comparative example) and high strength, the compressive strength is 5.82-6.39 MPa, and is higher than that of the comparative example A 0 The strength of the cured sludge obtained with ultra-high cement content; the water content (16-22%) is obviously reduced, the water content is in the optimal water content range, and the quality of the solidified sludge filling is better. In addition, the invention has obvious economic advantages due to the fact that the proportion of industrial waste with lower unit price in the total material system is increased. Meanwhile, the invention also has good ecological and environmental benefits due to the reduction of the cement consumption and the large resource utilization of industrial waste.
The above-described embodiments of the present invention should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made according to the technical idea of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The environment-friendly composite industrial waste solidified sludge is characterized in that every 100 parts by weight of raw materials comprise the following components: 6.5 to 8.0 parts of phosphogypsum, 7.4 to 9.0 parts of fly ash, 9.5 to 12.1 parts of furnace slag, 2.7 to 3.0 parts of calcium oxide, 3.0 to 3.4 parts of montmorillonite, 8.5 to 10.6 parts of ordinary portland cement and 50.5 to 62.5 parts of sludge.
2. The environment-friendly composite industrial waste solidified sludge according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of the phosphogypsum is 100-200 meshes.
3. The environment-friendly composite industrial waste solidified sludge according to claim 2, wherein the phosphogypsum is a solid waste generated in a wet-process phosphoric acid process.
4. The environmentally friendly composite industrial waste cured sludge of claim 1, wherein the fly ash is a primary fly ash.
5. The environment-friendly composite industrial waste solidified sludge according to claim 1, wherein the slag is alkaline slag having a pH value of 8.0 to 9.0.
6. The environmentally friendly composite industrial waste cured sludge according to claim 1, wherein the portland cement is portland cement having a strength grade of 32.5.
7. The environmentally friendly composite industrial waste solidified sludge of claim 1, wherein the sludge is lake bottom sludge or river sediment sludge.
8. The method for preparing the environment-friendly composite industrial waste solidified sludge as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:
(1) Uniformly mixing phosphogypsum, fly ash, furnace slag, calcium oxide and montmorillonite in parts by weight to obtain a mixture A;
(2) And adding cement and the mixture A into the sludge, uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture B, tamping the mixture B, and naturally curing to obtain the solidified sludge.
9. The method for preparing the environment-friendly composite industrial waste solidified sludge according to claim 8, wherein in the step (1), the mixture A is obtained by grinding for 10 to 30 minutes.
10. The method for preparing the environment-friendly composite industrial waste solidified sludge according to claim 8, wherein in the step (2), the mixture B is obtained by stirring for 45-90 minutes; the natural curing time is 6 to 8 days.
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| CN202211034833.0A Pending CN115304331A (en) | 2022-08-26 | 2022-08-26 | Environment-friendly composite industrial waste solidified sludge and preparation method thereof |
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