CN112321262A - Low-alkalinity environment-friendly curing agent for river and lake dredging bottom mud and use method thereof - Google Patents
Low-alkalinity environment-friendly curing agent for river and lake dredging bottom mud and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112321262A CN112321262A CN202011023732.4A CN202011023732A CN112321262A CN 112321262 A CN112321262 A CN 112321262A CN 202011023732 A CN202011023732 A CN 202011023732A CN 112321262 A CN112321262 A CN 112321262A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/24—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing alkyl, ammonium or metal silicates; containing silica sols
- C04B28/26—Silicates of the alkali metals
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
- B01F27/60—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis
- B01F27/70—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis with paddles, blades or arms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/008—Sludge treatment by fixation or solidification
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00758—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for agri-, sylvi- or piscicultural or cattle-breeding applications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00767—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for waste stabilisation purposes
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a low-alkalinity environment-friendly curing agent for river and lake dredging bottom mud and a use method thereof, the curing agent comprises a main curing agent, a solidification assistant, a regulator, a crystal nucleus agent, a water saturation agent, an early strength agent, a flocculating agent and a dispersing agent, and is compounded by multiple components and used in the process of curing the mud, the doping amount of the low-alkalinity environment-friendly curing agent for the river and lake dredging bottom mud is 5-15% of the mass of the mud when the mud is cured, the mud is rapidly dehydrated and cured by a mud curing device, the muddy soil is controlled to be in a low-alkalinity state after dehydration and curing, the cost of the mechanical dehydration process for treating the mud dehydration tail water is greatly reduced, the high-alkalinity problem of mud cakes and the dehydration tail water is solved from the source, meanwhile, the modified and cured muddy soil can be directly used as landscaping soil, and the social and economic benefits are obvious.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of novel materials. More particularly, the invention relates to a low-alkalinity environment-friendly curing agent for river and lake dredging bottom mud and a use method thereof.
Background
Along with the rapid development of cities, the sludge yield of rivers and lakes in and around the cities is increased. However, because of the poor engineering characteristics of the sludge, particularly high water content, large compressibility, low strength, poor permeability, slow drainage consolidation and the like, the sediment dredged from rivers and lakes is mostly in a flowing state and almost has no strength, and therefore, the sediment can be utilized after being modified.
At present, inorganic materials such as lime, fly ash and cement are mostly adopted for modifying or curing sludge, but the effect of the curing modifier is often dependent on the granularity and the water content of soil, and when the sludge soil with high water content and rich organic matters is encountered, the strength is low and the sludge soil is difficult to compact; in addition, lime, cement and the like are strong alkaline materials, and the modified mucky soil is usually high in alkalinity, so that the sludge after subsequent treatment is difficult to be subjected to large-scale resource utilization.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the present invention is to solve at least the above problems and to provide at least the advantages described later.
The invention also aims to provide a low-alkalinity environment-friendly curing agent for river and lake dredging sediment and a use method thereof, which are used for solving the technical problems that the sludge curing treatment effect is not ideal and the alkalinity is strong and the sludge can not be directly used for landscaping soil in the prior art, so that the muddy soil is in a low-alkalinity state after the sludge is dehydrated and cured, and simultaneously the modified and cured sludge can be directly used for landscaping soil.
In order to achieve the objects and other advantages according to the present invention, the present invention provides a low alkaline environment-friendly curing agent for river and lake dredging bottom mud, comprising the following components by mass:
10 to 20 percent of main curing agent, 20 to 40 percent of auxiliary curing agent, 40 to 50 percent of regulator, 0.1 to 1 percent of crystal nucleus agent, 5 to 10 percent of saturated water agent, 0.1 to 1 percent of early strength agent, 0.1 to 1 percent of flocculating agent and 0.1 to 1 percent of dispersing agent.
Preferably, the main solid agent is composed of one or more of fly ash, granulated blast furnace slag powder and silica fume, the national standard grade of the fly ash is above grade II, the mineral powder activity index of the granulated blast furnace slag powder is above grade S95, and the silica content of the silica fume is more than 90%.
Preferably, the solidification assistant consists of the following components in percentage by mass: 40-50% of steel slag powder, 40-50% of carbide slag powder, 2-4% of cement, 2-4% of quicklime and 2-4% of water glass, wherein the specific surface area of the steel slag powder and the carbide slag powder is more than 400m2/kg。
Preferably, the regulator consists of 90-95% of phosphogypsum and 5-10% of humic acid, and the specific surface area of the phosphogypsum is more than 400m2/kg。
Preferably, the crystal nucleus agent is composed of one or more of limestone powder, granulated blast furnace slag mineral powder and fly ash, the particle size of the crystal nucleus agent is larger than 1000 meshes, and the early strength agent is composed of one or more of triethanolamine, calcium chloride, ferric chloride, sodium sulfate, magnesium sulfate and aluminum sulfate.
Preferably, the saturated agent is nano bentonite, the montmorillonite component of the nano bentonite is more than 83%, and the particle size of the nano bentonite is more than 400 meshes.
Preferably, the flocculating agent is composed of one or more of polyacrylamide, calcium acrylate and sodium polyacrylate, the particle size is 50-200 μm, and the dispersing agent is a lignin water reducing agent and/or a naphthalene water reducing agent.
The invention also provides a use method of the low-alkalinity environment-friendly curing agent for the river and lake dredging bottom mud, and the doping amount of the low-alkalinity environment-friendly curing agent for the river and lake dredging bottom mud is 5-15% of the mass of the mud when the mud is cured.
Preferably, when the sludge is solidified, the sludge is solidified through the sludge solidifying device, the upper layer of the sludge solidifying device is sequentially provided with a neutralizing reagent storage chamber, a sludge storage chamber, a curing agent storage chamber and a pressure control chamber along the length direction of the sludge solidifying device, the lower layer of the sludge solidifying device is sequentially provided with a waste liquid treatment chamber and a sludge stirring chamber along the length direction of the sludge solidifying device, the neutralizing reagent storage chamber is positioned above the waste liquid treatment chamber and is provided with a communicating pipe with the waste material treatment chamber, the communicating pipe is provided with a first control valve, the sludge storage chamber, the curing agent storage chamber and the pressure control chamber are respectively positioned above the sludge stirring chamber, the bottom of the sludge storage chamber is provided with a first switch door for communicating with the sludge stirring chamber, a filtering chamber is communicated between the sludge storage chamber and the waste liquid treatment chamber, and a second switch door is, a filter screen is arranged in the filter chamber, the upper end of the curing agent storage chamber is communicated with the sludge stirring chamber, a nozzle is arranged in the bottom of the curing agent storage chamber towards the sludge storage chamber, a third switch door for communicating the pressure control chamber with the sludge storage chamber is arranged at the upper end of the pressure control chamber, a fourth switch door for communicating the pressure control chamber with the sludge stirring chamber is arranged at the lower end of the pressure control chamber, a water outlet pipe is arranged at the lower end of the waste liquid treatment chamber, a second control valve is arranged on the water outlet pipe, a stirring motor and a stirring rod are arranged in the sludge stirring chamber, the output shaft of the stirring motor is horizontal, one end of the stirring rod is fixedly connected with the output shaft of the stirring motor, the other end of the stirring rod is connected with the side wall of the sludge curing device through a bearing, a stirring paddle is, The lower end of the sludge stirring chamber is in contact with the stirring rod, a sludge discharge port is formed in the bottom of the sludge stirring chamber, which is located right below the scraping brush, a water strainer is arranged at the upper end of the sludge discharge port, and a fifth switch door is arranged at the lower end of the sludge discharge port.
Preferably, the curing agent storage room includes first locker room and second locker room, first locker room with the intercommunication mouth has been seted up to the lateral wall upper end in silt storage room, is provided with the intercommunication valve between the bottom in first locker room and second locker room, the nozzle sets up the bottom in first locker room.
The invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects: the invention comprises a main curing agent, a reinforcing agent, a regulator, a crystal nucleating agent, a water saturation agent, an early strength agent, a flocculating agent and a dispersing agent, and is compounded by a plurality of components and used in the sludge curing process, not only can realize the rapid dehydration and curing of the sludge based on a mechanical dehydration process, but also can control the sludge soil after the dehydration and curing to be in a low-alkalinity state, and can greatly reduce the cost for treating the sludge dehydration tail water in the mechanical dehydration process, solve the high-alkalinity problem of sludge cakes and the dehydration tail water from the source, simultaneously modify the sludge soil after the curing to be directly used as landscaping soil, and have remarkable social and economic benefits.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view structural view of a sludge solidification apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a sectional view B-B of fig. 1.
The specification reference numbers indicate: 1. neutralizing reagent locker room, 2, silt locker room, 3, curing agent locker room, 4, accuse pressure room, 5, waste liquid treatment room, 6, silt teeter chamber, 7, first switch door, 8, filter chamber, 9, second switch door, 10, the filter screen, 11, the nozzle, 12, third switch door, 13, fourth switch door, 14, the outlet pipe, 15, agitator motor, 16, the puddler, 17, the stirring rake, 18, scrape the brush, 19, the silt discharge port, 20, first locker room, 21, the second locker room, 22, the intercommunication mouth, 23, the intercommunication valve, 24, drying blower, 25, the pan feeding mouth, 26, the water strainer, 27, the fifth switch door, 101, silt solidification equipment.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention by referring to the description text.
It is to be noted that the experimental methods described in the following embodiments are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and the reagents and materials are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
The low-alkaline environment-friendly curing agent for the river and lake dredging bottom mud is prepared by using the formula of the invention and is taken as an example, a comparative example is additionally arranged for comparison, 4 examples and 6 comparative examples are totally arranged, the contents of the components of all the examples and the comparative examples are expressed by mass parts, and the sum of the mass parts of each example or comparative example is set as 100.
Example 1:
10 parts of main solid agent, which consists of 3 parts of II-grade fly ash, 4 parts of S95-grade granulated blast furnace slag powder and 3 parts of silica fume with the silicon dioxide content of 96 percent;
40 parts of solidification assistant, which consists of 16 parts of steel slag powder, 20 parts of carbide slag powder, 0.8 part of cement, 1.6 parts of quicklime and 1.6 parts of water glass, wherein the specific surface areas of the steel slag powder and the carbide slag powder are 700m2/kg；
40 parts of regulator, which consists of 36 parts of phosphogypsum and 4 parts of humic acid, wherein the specific surface area of the phosphogypsum is 500m2/kg；
The crystal nucleus agent is 1 part of limestone powder, and the particle size of the limestone powder is 1400 meshes;
the saturated water agent is 6 parts of nano bentonite, the montmorillonite component content of the nano bentonite is 88%, and the particle size is 500 meshes;
1 part of early strength agent, which consists of 0.5 part of calcium chloride and 0.5 part of sodium sulfate;
the flocculating agent is 1 part of polyacrylamide with the particle size of 200 mu m;
the dispersant is 1 part of lignin water reducing agent.
And (3) solidifying the sludge by adopting conventional solidifying equipment and a conventional solidifying method.
Example 2:
20 parts of main solid agent, which consists of 6 parts of II-grade fly ash, 9 parts of S95-grade granulated blast furnace slag powder and 5 parts of silica fume with the silica content of 92 percent;
20 parts of solidification assistant, which consists of 9.5 parts of steel slag powder, 7.5 parts of carbide slag powder, 1.4 parts of cement, 0.8 part of quicklime and 0.8 part of water glass, wherein the specific surface areas of the steel slag powder and the carbide slag powder are 500m2/kg；
48 parts of regulator, which consists of 45.5 parts of phosphogypsum and 2.5 parts of humic acid, wherein the specific surface area of the phosphogypsum is 500m2/kg；
The crystal nucleus agent is 1 part of limestone powder, and the particle size of the limestone powder is 1000 meshes;
the saturated water agent is 10 parts of nano bentonite, the montmorillonite component content of the nano bentonite is 85%, and the particle size is 500 meshes;
0.2 part of early strength agent, which consists of 0.1 part of triethanolamine and 0.1 part of aluminum sulfate;
0.1 part of calcium acrylate as flocculant, and the particle size of the calcium acrylate is 50 microns;
the dispersant was 0.7 part of a lignin-based water reducing agent.
And (3) solidifying the sludge by adopting conventional solidifying equipment and a conventional solidifying method.
Example 3:
16 parts of main solid agent, which consists of 3 parts of II-grade fly ash, 4 parts of S105-grade granulated blast furnace slag powder and 3 parts of silica fume with the silica content of 96 percent;
32 parts of solidification assistant, which consists of 14.4 parts of steel slag powder, 14.4 parts of carbide slag powder, 0.8 part of general portland cement, 1.2 parts of quicklime and 1.2 parts of water glass, wherein the specific surface areas of the steel slag powder and the carbide slag powder are 500m2/kg；
43 parts of regulator, consisting of 41 parts of phosphogypsum and 2 parts of humic acid, wherein the specific surface area of the phosphogypsum is 800m2/kg；
The crystal nucleus agent is 0.4 part of limestone powder, and the particle size of the limestone powder is 1500 meshes;
the saturated water agent is 6 parts of nano bentonite, the montmorillonite component content of the nano bentonite is 88%, and the particle size is 500 meshes;
1 part of early strength agent, which consists of 0.5 part of calcium chloride and 0.5 part of sodium sulfate;
0.8 part of polyacrylamide as a flocculating agent, and the particle size of the flocculating agent is 200 mu m;
the dispersant is 0.8 part of lignin water reducing agent.
And (3) solidifying the sludge by adopting conventional solidifying equipment and a conventional solidifying method.
Example 4:
as shown in fig. 1-3, when the sludge is solidified, the sludge solidifying device 101 is used for solidifying the sludge, the upper layer of the sludge solidifying device 101 is sequentially provided with a neutralization reagent storage chamber 1, a sludge storage chamber 2, a curing agent storage chamber 3 and a pressure control chamber 4 along the length direction of the sludge solidifying device 101, the lower layer of the sludge solidifying device 101 is sequentially provided with a waste liquid treatment chamber 5 and a sludge stirring chamber 6 along the length direction of the sludge solidifying device 101, the neutralization reagent storage chamber 1 is positioned above the waste liquid treatment chamber 5 and is provided with a communicating pipe with the waste material treatment chamber 5, the communicating pipe is provided with a first control valve, the sludge storage chamber 2, the curing agent storage chamber 3 and the pressure control chamber 4 are respectively positioned above the sludge stirring chamber 6, the bottom of the sludge storage chamber 2 is provided with a first switch door 7 for communicating with the sludge stirring chamber 6, and a filtering chamber 8 is communicated between the sludge storage chamber, a second switch door 9 is arranged between the filtering chamber 8 and the sludge storing chamber 2, a filtering screen 10 is arranged in the filtering chamber 8, the upper end of the curing agent storing chamber 3 is communicated with the sludge stirring chamber 6, a nozzle 11 is arranged at the bottom of the curing agent storing chamber 3 facing the sludge storing chamber 2, a third switch door 12 for communicating the pressure controlling chamber 4 with the sludge storing chamber 2 is arranged at the upper end of the pressure controlling chamber 4, a fourth switch door 13 for communicating the pressure controlling chamber 4 with the sludge stirring chamber 6 is arranged at the lower end of the pressure controlling chamber 4, a water outlet pipe 14 is arranged at the lower end of the waste liquid processing chamber 5, a second control valve is arranged on the water outlet pipe 14, a stirring motor 15 and a stirring rod 16 are arranged in the sludge stirring chamber 6, the output shaft of the stirring motor 15 is horizontal, one end of the stirring rod 16 is fixedly connected with the output shaft of the stirring motor 15, the other, a scraping brush 18 is arranged above one end of the stirring rod 16 connected with the bearing, the upper end of the scraping brush 18 is fixed at the top of the sludge stirring chamber 6, the lower end of the scraping brush 18 is in contact with the stirring rod 16, a sludge discharge port 19 is arranged at the bottom of the sludge stirring chamber 6, which is positioned right below the scraping brush 18, a water strainer 26 is arranged at the upper end of the sludge discharge port 19, and a fifth switch door 27 is arranged at the lower end of the sludge discharge port 19.
Initially, the first switch door 7, the second switch door 9, the third switch door 12, the fourth switch door 13, the fifth switch door 27, the nozzle 11, the first control valve and the second control valve are all in a closed state, the low-alkalinity environment-friendly curing agent of acidic neutralizing agent, sludge and the river and lake dredging sediment of the embodiment 1 is respectively put into the neutralizing agent storage chamber 1, the sludge storage chamber 2 and the curing agent storage chamber 3 from the feeding port, then the feeding port is closed, the second switch door 9 is opened after standing for a period of time, part of moisture in the sludge enters the waste liquid treatment chamber 5 through the filter screen 10 of the filter chamber 8, when the sludge needs to be cured, the first switch door 7 is opened again, the sludge falls into the sludge stirring chamber 6 and then is closed, the stirring motor 15 is started to drive the stirring rod 16 and the stirring paddle 17 to rotate, the nozzle 11 is opened at the same time, the corresponding amount of the curing agent is sprayed into the sludge stirring chamber 6, solidifying the silt, preferably, the nozzle can adopt a low-temperature atomization type nozzle, so that the curing agent is conveniently dispersed into the silt in the stirring process, in the solidifying process, the third switch door 12 and the fourth switch door 13 are opened, the pressure control chamber is started to exhaust air and control pressure, part of air in the silt stirring chamber 6 enters the silt storage chamber 2, so that a relative low-pressure environment is formed in the silt stirring chamber 6, a relative high-pressure environment is formed in the silt storage chamber 2, the spraying effect of the nozzle can be further enhanced because the curing agent storage chamber 3 is communicated with the silt storage chamber 2 under the high-pressure environment, the silt becomes loose under the low-pressure environment, the curing agent can be more easily and uniformly dispersed into the silt, the solidifying effect is improved, meanwhile, the oxygen content when the silt is used as landscaping soil in the later period is favorably improved, the volume weight is reduced, if the pressure balance needs to be recovered, closing the related air draft device of the pressure control chamber or opening the first switch door 7, closing the third switch door 12 and the fourth switch door 13 after the pressure difference is not produced, opening the fifth switch door 27 of the sludge discharge port after the pressure balance is recovered, discharging excessive water, continuing stirring until the solidification is finished, pumping out the water strainer 26, discharging the solidified sludge, continuing stirring by the stirring rod to help the discharge of the sludge, and preventing the sludge from being adhered to the stirring rod by scraping and brushing, preferably, the stirring paddle can be set into a spiral shape facing to the sludge discharge port, so that the discharge efficiency of the solidified sludge is improved, and the low-alkaline environment-friendly curing agent is better than the low-alkaline environment-friendly curing agent added with the river and lake sediment during the solidification process, therefore, the water discharged from the sludge discharge port 19 is weak in alkalinity, and the waste liquid in the waste liquid treatment chamber is treated by opening the first control valve on the communicating pipe, and (3) enabling a certain amount of neutralizing reagent to enter the waste liquid treatment chamber for neutralization, and discharging the neutralized waste liquid through a water outlet pipe of the second control valve.
Of course, when former batch silt is solidified, can add the silt that the solidification was waited to the new batch in silt locker room 2, and open second switch door 9, but silt plays extruded effect in the silt teeter chamber 2 like this, improve the preliminary drainage efficiency to silt, and when only needing to solidify a batch silt, silt also can directly pass through the pressurization of accuse pressure room control discharge waste liquid in the silt locker room, and when needing to get into the solidification process, open second switch door 7, it can to close the third switch door 12 of accuse pressure room 4 and stop the pressurization. In addition, in order to improve the dewatering effect on the sludge, a drying fan 24 may be provided above the stirring motor 15.
Further, the curing agent storage chamber 3 comprises a first storage chamber 20 and a second storage chamber 21, a communication opening 22 is opened at the upper end of the side wall of the sludge storage chamber 2 in the first storage chamber 20, a communication valve 23 is arranged between the bottoms of the first storage chamber 20 and the second storage chamber 21, and the nozzle 11 is arranged at the bottom of the first storage chamber 20.
Under the circumstances that the pressure difference has been made in the accuse pressure room, at first the intercommunication valve between first locker room and the second locker room can be closed, first locker room is in under same pressure intensity environment through intercommunication mouth and silt locker room this moment, consequently when the accuse pressure room is pressed, the curing agent of first locker room gets into the nozzle under bigger pressure and spouts to the silt agitator chamber in, and need supply the curing agent in the first agitator chamber or when resuming pressure intensity balance, open the intercommunication valve, then the curing agent in the second locker room gets into in the first locker room, preferably, pan feeding mouth on the curing agent locker room sets up two independent pan feeding mouths to first locker room and second locker room, then also can supply the curing agent in the second locker room when silt curing device inside pressure intensity is uneven.
Comparative example 1:
10 parts of main solid agent, which consists of 3 parts of II-grade fly ash, 4 parts of S95-grade granulated blast furnace slag powder and 3 parts of silica fume with the silicon dioxide content of 96 percent;
40 parts of a curing assistant, which consists of 20 parts of high-activity magnesium oxide and 20 parts of quicklime;
40 parts of regulator, which consists of 36 parts of phosphogypsum and 4 parts of humic acid, wherein the specific surface area of the phosphogypsum is 500m2/kg；
The crystal nucleus agent is 1 part of limestone powder, and the particle size of the limestone powder is 1400 meshes;
the saturated water agent is 6 parts of nano bentonite, the montmorillonite component content of the nano bentonite is 88%, and the particle size is 500 meshes;
1 part of early strength agent, which consists of 0.5 part of calcium chloride and 0.5 part of sodium sulfate;
the flocculating agent is 1 part of polyacrylamide with the particle size of 200 mu m;
the dispersant is 1 part of lignin water reducing agent.
Comparative example 2:
10 parts of main solid agent, which consists of 3 parts of II-grade fly ash, 4 parts of S95-grade granulated blast furnace slag powder and 3 parts of silica fume with the silicon dioxide content of 96 percent;
40 parts of solidification assistant, which consists of 16 parts of steel slag powder, 20 parts of carbide slag powder, 0.8 part of general portland cement, 1.6 parts of quicklime and 1.6 parts of water glass, wherein the specific surface areas of the steel slag powder and the carbide slag powder are 700m2/kg；
The regulator is 40 parts of metakaolin;
the crystal nucleus agent is 1 part of limestone powder, and the particle size of the limestone powder is 1400 meshes;
the saturated water agent is 6 parts of nano bentonite, the montmorillonite component content of the nano bentonite is 88%, and the particle size is 500 meshes;
1 part of early strength agent, which consists of 0.5 part of calcium chloride and 0.5 part of sodium sulfate;
the flocculating agent is 1 part of polyacrylamide with the particle size of 200 mu m;
the dispersant is 1 part of lignin water reducing agent.
Comparative example 3:
10 parts of main solid agent, which consists of 3 parts of II-grade fly ash, 4 parts of S95-grade granulated blast furnace slag powder and 3 parts of silica fume with the silicon dioxide content of 96 percent;
40 parts of solidification assistant, which consists of 16 parts of steel slag powder, 20 parts of carbide slag powder, 0.8 part of general portland cement, 1.6 parts of quicklime and 1.6 parts of water glass, wherein the specific surface areas of the steel slag powder and the carbide slag powder are 700m2/kg；
40 parts of a regulator, which consists of 36 parts of cement and 4 parts of humic acid;
the crystal nucleus agent is 1 part of limestone powder, and the particle size of the limestone powder is 1400 meshes;
the saturated water agent is 6 parts of nano bentonite, the montmorillonite component content of the nano bentonite is 88%, and the particle size is 500 meshes;
1 part of early strength agent, which consists of 0.5 part of calcium chloride and 0.5 part of sodium sulfate;
the flocculating agent is 1 part of polyacrylamide with the particle size of 200 mu m;
the dispersant is 1 part of lignin water reducing agent.
Comparative example 4:
10 parts of main solid agent, which consists of 3 parts of II-grade fly ash, 4 parts of S95-grade granulated blast furnace slag powder and 3 parts of silica fume with the silicon dioxide content of 96 percent;
40 parts of solidification assistant, which consists of 16 parts of steel slag powder, 20 parts of carbide slag powder, 0.8 part of general portland cement, 1.6 parts of quicklime and 1.6 parts of water glass, wherein the specific surface areas of the steel slag powder and the carbide slag powder are 700m2/kg；
40 parts of regulator, which consists of 39 parts of phosphogypsum and 1 part of phosphoric acid, wherein the specific surface area of the phosphogypsum is 450m2/kg；
The crystal nucleus agent is 1 part of limestone powder, and the particle size of the limestone powder is 1400 meshes;
the saturated water agent is 6 parts of nano bentonite, the montmorillonite component content of the nano bentonite is 88%, and the particle size is 500 meshes;
1 part of early strength agent, which consists of 0.5 part of calcium chloride and 0.5 part of sodium sulfate;
the flocculating agent is 1 part of polyacrylamide with the particle size of 200 mu m;
the dispersant is 1 part of lignin water reducing agent.
Comparative example 5:
10 parts of main solid agent, which consists of 3 parts of II-grade fly ash, 4 parts of S95-grade granulated blast furnace slag powder and 3 parts of silica fume with the silicon dioxide content of 96 percent;
40 parts of solidification assistant, which consists of 16 parts of steel slag powder, 20 parts of carbide slag powder, 0.8 part of general portland cement, 1.6 parts of quicklime and 1.6 parts of water glass, wherein the specific surface areas of the steel slag powder and the carbide slag powder are 200m2/kg；
40 parts of regulator, which consists of 36 parts of phosphogypsum and 4 parts of humic acid, wherein phosphorus isThe specific surface area of the gypsum is 200m2/kg；
The crystal nucleus agent is 1 part of limestone powder, and the particle size of the limestone powder is 1400 meshes;
the saturated water agent is 6 parts of nano bentonite, the montmorillonite component content of the nano bentonite is 88%, and the particle size is 500 meshes;
1 part of early strength agent, which consists of 0.5 part of calcium chloride and 0.5 part of sodium sulfate;
the flocculating agent is 1 part of polyacrylamide with the particle size of 200 mu m;
the dispersant is 1 part of lignin water reducing agent.
Comparative example 6:
80 parts of sulphoaluminate cement, 3 parts of ordinary portland cement, 6 parts of silica fume, 8 parts of hydrated lime, 0.2 part of triethanolamine, 2 parts of potassium sulfate and 0.8 part of gypsum.
For sludge with water content of 50.8%, the components of examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-6 are used as sludge curing agents, the sludge is added into the sludge in an amount of 10% of the mass of the sludge for curing, the curing is carried out for 7 days, various performances are tested according to the monitoring and analyzing method of GB/T23485-2009, and the obtained results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 sludge Performance index after curing
The pH range of the sludge is between 6 and 8, if the sludge is solidified by the curing agent of the comparative example 6, the pH value of the finally obtained sludge is more than 11 because the solidification process is carried out in an alkaline environment, the alkalinity of the solidified mucky soil is too high, the dealkalization cost is high, and the mucky soil cannot be directly used as landscaping soil. As can be seen from the data of examples 1 to 3 in Table 1, the low-alkaline environment-friendly curing agent for river and lake dredging sediment of the invention is used for curing the sediment, so that the pH is remarkably reduced to be below 8, and after curing, the strength of about 800kPa is obtained, thereby meeting the requirements of landscaping soil and having good curing effect.
The components of the solidification assistant not only provide an alkaline environment required by hydration reaction for the main solidification agent, but also take ettringite, CSH gel and the like which are products after cement hydration as crystal nuclei of the hydration reaction of the main solidification agent to accelerate the hydration reaction of the main solidification agent, the quicklime has the effects of deodorization and sterilization on sludge containing a small amount of organic matters, and the water glass is used for improving the integral mechanical property of the sludge; the regulator is a main solidifying agent, improves the needed calcium ions and sulfate ions through hydration reaction, plays a role in exciting sulfate, and simultaneously utilizes self acidity to regulate the pH value of the modified mucky soil; the crystal nucleus agent is used as the crystal nucleus of the hydration reaction of the main solidifying agent, and has the effect of accelerating the early hydration reaction; the saturated agent is nano bentonite, a plurality of loose and coarse pores can be formed in the bentonite after water absorption, other components can enter the pores for hydration reaction, the structure can form two simultaneous existing modes of physical water absorption and chemical water absorption, various components and products are interwoven, and the mechanical property of the modified mucky soil is improved; the early strength agent is composed of one or more of triethanolamine, calcium chloride, ferric chloride, sodium sulfate, magnesium sulfate and aluminum sulfate, is a commercially available product, and mainly has the main function of providing strong basicity required by the early hydration reaction of the main solid agent and enabling the main solid agent to quickly react to form certain strength in a short time; the flocculating agent is used for dewatering the sludge, plays a role in bridging and condensing and promotes the granulation of the sludge; after the agglomeration is carried out, the agglomeration in the sludge is fully dispersed through the electrostatic action of the dispersing agent, the moisture is released, and then other components can more fully and uniformly absorb the moisture or react with the moisture, so that the phenomenon that local insufficient absorption or insufficient modification and solidification are caused to form an agglomeration weak area is avoided.
It can be seen from the comparison of the data in example 1 and comparative example 1 that in the solidification assistant in example 1, the steel slag powder, the carbide slag powder, the water glass, the cement, the quicklime and the main solidification agent are matched with each other, when the main solidification agent is subjected to a solidification reaction, the steel slag powder and the carbide slag powder provide an alkaline environment required by a main hydration reaction for the main solidification agent, a small amount of cement is dispersed in the steel slag powder and the carbide slag powder, on one hand, the alkaline environment can be provided after hydration to assist the main solidification reaction, on the other hand, calcium aluminate stone and CSH gel which are products of cement hydration can be used as crystal nuclei of the main solidification agent hydration reaction to achieve an effect of accelerating the reaction, the water glass can also assist in providing the alkaline environment required by the main solidification reaction after being dispersed in the steel slag powder and the carbide slag powder, and the chemical cementing effect of the water glass can bond soil particles of the silt and components of the solidification agent together, the functions of all components of the curing agent are completely exerted in the sludge, and the overall mechanical properties of the sludge are improved.
From the data of the example 1 and the comparative example 2, the comparative example 2 without using the regulator can obtain the pH value of 11 after solidifying the sludge, and does not meet the requirement of the pH value for directly using the landscaping soil, and the comparison of the data of the example 1 and the comparative example 3 can show that the regulator containing the phosphogypsum is adopted in the example 1, on one hand, calcium ions and sulfate ions required by the hydration reaction of the main curing agent can promote the main curing agent to generate ettringite, improve the early strength of the sludge and play a role in exciting the sulfate, on the other hand, the phosphogypsum has subacidity, can neutralize the strong basicity of the auxiliary curing agent and regulate the pH value of the modified sludge soil, and besides, the phosphogypsum is used as a filler to be filled in the pores of the sludge soil to provide certain mechanical strength. Furthermore, as can be seen from the comparison of the data in example 1 and comparative example 4, humic acid not only can supplement the shortage of the self-acidity of phosphogypsum in the middle and later stages of the solidification reaction of sludge, but also can further adjust the acidity and alkalinity of the modified mucky soil, and the humic acid is obtained by decomposing and converting animal and plant remains powerful microorganisms, is environment-friendly, has a macromolecular basic structure of aromatic ring and alicyclic ring, and has functional groups of carboxyl, hydroxyl, carbonyl, quinonyl, methoxy and the like connected to the rings, and has various effects of chelating, polymerizing, adsorbing and the like on metal ions, such as substituting part of hydrogen ions on the humic acid into calcium ions, releasing the hydrogen ions to further neutralize the alkaline environment, and in addition, the hydration reaction speed of the main solid agent is more uniform by obtaining part of the calcium ions, thereby being beneficial to full reaction and obtaining good mechanical properties.
From example 1 andcomparative example 5 it can be seen that the specific surface area of the phosphogypsum, the steel slag powder and the carbide slag powder is 200m2The obtained pH value is relatively high in/kg, the solidification effect is poor, the steel slag powder and the carbide slag powder in the embodiment 1 are used as alkali excitation materials, if the specific surface area is too small, a good compounding effect with other components cannot be obtained, and acid substances and sulfate radicals in the phosphogypsum cannot be fully released, so that the pH value adjusting capability is weak, and the sulfate excitation effect is poor.
Compared with the embodiment 1, the embodiment 4 has the advantages that the sludge curing device is adopted to control the curing process of the sludge after the low-alkalinity environment-friendly curing agent of the river and lake dredging bottom sludge is added into the sludge, so that the curing agent is more uniformly dispersed in the sludge, the curing effect of the sludge is obviously improved, the waste liquid generated by the sludge can be neutralized, and the whole sludge curing process is more environment-friendly.
In conclusion, the invention comprises a main curing agent, a curing aid, a regulator, a crystal nucleus agent, a water saturation agent, an early strength agent, a flocculating agent and a dispersing agent, wherein the curing aid adopts steel slag powder, carbide slag powder, water glass, cement, quicklime and the main curing agent which are mutually matched, the regulator is added to regulate and control the process and speed of a curing reaction, the curing quality is improved, the pH is simultaneously regulated, the crystal nucleus agent is used as a crystal nucleus of a hydration reaction of the main curing agent to accelerate the early hydration reaction, the water saturation agent absorbs water to form a plurality of loose and thick pores, other components enter the pores to perform the hydration reaction to form two simultaneous existing modes of physical water absorption and chemical water absorption, various components and products are interwoven together, the mechanical property of the cured and modified mucky soil is improved, the early strength agent provides strong basicity required by the early stage hydration reaction of the main curing agent, and the main curing agent rapidly reacts to form certain strength, the flocculant removes water in the sludge, plays roles of bridging and condensing, promotes the sludge to be granulated, fully disperses the agglomerates in the sludge through the electrostatic action of the dispersant, releases the water, so that other components can fully and uniformly absorb the water or react with the water, and are fully cured in a sludge curing device, and finally, the cured sludge, namely the obtained mucky soil has good mechanical properties while the pH value is obviously reduced, and can be directly used as greening soil in a garden.
While embodiments of the invention have been described above, it is not limited to the applications set forth in the description and the embodiments, which are fully applicable in various fields of endeavor to which the invention pertains, and further modifications may readily be made by those skilled in the art, it being understood that the invention is not limited to the details shown and described herein without departing from the general concept defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. The low-alkalinity environment-friendly curing agent for the river and lake dredging bottom mud is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 10 to 20 percent of main curing agent, 20 to 40 percent of auxiliary curing agent, 40 to 50 percent of regulator, 0.1 to 1 percent of crystal nucleus agent, 5 to 10 percent of saturated water agent, 0.1 to 1 percent of early strength agent, 0.1 to 1 percent of flocculating agent and 0.1 to 1 percent of dispersing agent.
2. The low-alkalinity environment-friendly curing agent for river and lake dredging bottom mud according to claim 1, wherein the main curing agent is composed of one or more of fly ash, granulated blast furnace slag powder and silica fume, the national standard grade of the fly ash is more than grade II, the mineral powder activity index of the granulated blast furnace slag powder is more than grade S95, and the silica fume has a silica content of more than 90%.
3. The low-alkalinity environment-friendly curing agent for the river and lake dredging bottom mud of claim 1, wherein the curing agent consists of the following components in percentage by mass: 40-50% of steel slag powder, 40-50% of carbide slag powder, 2-4% of cement, 2-4% of quicklime and 2-4% of water glass, wherein the specific surface area of the steel slag powder and the carbide slag powder is more than 400m2/kg。
4. The low-alkalinity environment-friendly curing agent for river and lake dredging bottom mud according to claim 1, wherein the regulator consists of 90-95% of phosphogypsum and 5-10% of humic acid, and the specific surface area of the phosphogypsum is more than 400m2/kg。
5. The low-alkalinity environment-friendly curing agent for river and lake dredging bottom mud of claim 1, wherein the crystal nucleating agent is composed of one or more of limestone powder, granulated blast furnace slag mineral powder and fly ash, the particle size of the crystal nucleating agent is more than 1000 meshes, and the early strength agent is composed of one or more of triethanolamine, calcium chloride, ferric chloride, sodium sulfate, magnesium sulfate and aluminum sulfate.
6. The low-alkalinity environment-friendly curing agent for river and lake dredging bottom mud according to claim 1, wherein the water saturation agent is nano bentonite, the montmorillonite component of the nano bentonite is more than 83%, and the particle size is more than 400 meshes.
7. The low-alkalinity environment-friendly curing agent for river and lake sediment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the flocculating agent is composed of one or more of polyacrylamide, calcium acrylate and sodium polyacrylate, the particle size is 50 μm-200 μm, and the dispersing agent is a lignin water reducing agent and/or a naphthalene water reducing agent.
8. The method for using the low-alkalinity environment-friendly curing agent for the river and lake dredging bottom mud according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the low-alkalinity environment-friendly curing agent for the river and lake dredging bottom mud is added in an amount of 5 to 15 percent of the mass of the mud when the mud is cured.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the sludge is solidified by a sludge solidification device, the upper layer of the sludge solidification device is sequentially provided with a neutralization reagent storage chamber, a sludge storage chamber, a curing agent storage chamber and a pressure control chamber along the length direction of the sludge solidification device, the lower layer of the sludge solidification device is sequentially provided with a waste liquid treatment chamber and a sludge stirring chamber along the length direction of the sludge solidification device, the neutralization reagent storage chamber is positioned above the waste liquid treatment chamber and is provided with a communication pipe with the waste material treatment chamber, the communication pipe is provided with a first control valve, the sludge storage chamber, the curing agent storage chamber and the pressure control chamber are respectively positioned above the sludge stirring chamber, the bottom of the sludge is provided with a first switch door for communicating with the sludge stirring chamber, and a filter chamber is communicated between the sludge and the waste liquid treatment chamber, a second switch door is arranged between the filtering chamber and the sludge storage chamber, a filtering screen is arranged in the filtering chamber, the upper end of the curing agent storage chamber is communicated with the sludge stirring chamber, the bottom of the curing agent storage chamber faces the inside of the sludge storage chamber and is provided with a nozzle, the upper end of the pressure control chamber is provided with a third switch door used for communicating the pressure control chamber with the sludge storage chamber, the lower end of the pressure control chamber is provided with a fourth switch door used for communicating the pressure control chamber with the sludge stirring chamber, the lower end of the waste liquid treatment chamber is provided with a water outlet pipe, a second control valve is arranged on the water outlet pipe, the sludge stirring chamber comprises a stirring motor and a stirring rod, the output shaft of the stirring motor is horizontal, one end of the stirring rod is fixedly connected with the output shaft of the stirring motor, the other end of the stirring, the upper end of the scraping brush is fixed at the top of the sludge stirring chamber, the lower end of the scraping brush is in contact with the stirring rod, a sludge discharge port is formed in the bottom of the sludge stirring chamber, which is located right below the scraping brush, a water strainer is arranged at the upper end of the sludge discharge port, and a fifth switch door is arranged at the lower end of the sludge discharge port.
10. The method for using the low-alkalinity environment-friendly curing agent for the river and lake dredging bottom mud according to claim 9, wherein the curing agent storage chamber comprises a first storage chamber and a second storage chamber, the upper ends of the side walls of the first storage chamber and the mud storage chamber are provided with communication ports, a communication valve is arranged between the bottoms of the first storage chamber and the second storage chamber, and the nozzle is arranged at the bottom of the first storage chamber.
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