CN115301704A - High organic matter recovery processing system of kitchen garbage - Google Patents
High organic matter recovery processing system of kitchen garbage Download PDFInfo
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- CN115301704A CN115301704A CN202210931122.7A CN202210931122A CN115301704A CN 115301704 A CN115301704 A CN 115301704A CN 202210931122 A CN202210931122 A CN 202210931122A CN 115301704 A CN115301704 A CN 115301704A
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/30—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving mechanical treatment
- B09B3/32—Compressing or compacting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/30—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving mechanical treatment
- B09B3/35—Shredding, crushing or cutting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/30—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving mechanical treatment
- B09B3/38—Stirring or kneading
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B2101/00—Type of solid waste
- B09B2101/70—Kitchen refuse; Food waste
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/20—Waste processing or separation
Abstract
The invention discloses a high organic matter recycling system for kitchen garbage, which comprises a high-concentration pulping machine, wherein the bottom of the high-concentration pulping machine is connected with the bottom end of a primary slag extracting screw conveyor, the primary slag extracting screw conveyor is obliquely arranged, a prehydrolysis device is arranged below the top end of the primary slag extracting screw conveyor, the prehydrolysis device is connected with the bottom end of a secondary slag extracting screw conveyor, and a high-concentration slurry tank is arranged at the bottom end of the secondary slag extracting screw conveyor. According to the invention, according to different crushing difficulty degrees of different components in the kitchen waste, through arranging the targeted high-concentration, pre-hydrolysis and medium-concentration crushing devices, organic matters in the kitchen waste are subjected to the combined action of machinery and wet-heat hydrolysis to destroy the organization structure, so that the fluidity of the materials is improved, the effective separation of the organic matters from impurities is realized, and the organic matters in the kitchen waste are recycled and recycled to the maximum extent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of kitchen waste pretreatment, in particular to a high organic matter recycling system for kitchen waste.
Background
In recent years, with the rapid advance of garbage classification policies in China and the rapid development of social economy, the urbanization process is increasingly accelerated, and the generation scale of kitchen waste of residents and the like gradually increases year by year. The kitchen waste refers to waste generated in daily life and food processing, food service, unit catering and other activities of residents, and comprises abandoned vegetable leaves, leftovers, fruit peels, egg shells, tea leaves, bones and the like, and the main sources of the kitchen waste are household kitchens, restaurants, dining halls, markets and other industries related to food processing.
The kitchen waste generally has higher biodegradability, higher water content and high organic matter content, is a renewable resource with extremely high economic value, effectively utilizes the biomass energy and has important significance for realizing the sustainable development of environment and economy. The anaerobic digestion has the advantages of higher harmless degree, overcoming the influence of homology, recycling green energy methane and the like, and is more and more widely applied to the field of kitchen waste treatment. The kitchen waste is complex in composition and contains more impurities, pretreatment is required before anaerobic treatment, the implementation time of a garbage classification system in China is short, mature technology for pretreating the kitchen waste is less, the existing technology is mainly improved on the basis of the traditional household garbage sorting process, and the mechanical sorting, crushing and pulping technology is mainly adopted at present.
The mechanical sorting, crushing and pulping generally adopts the processes of sorting first and then crushing and pulping, and the mechanical sorting generally adopts various screening devices, which assume that the kitchen garbage conforms to the size distribution rule and can sort out organic matter components by screening. If the classification of the kitchen waste is not ideal, bag collection is adopted, bag breaking equipment needs to be added, and the situations of unsatisfactory bag breaking effect, bag hanging, blockage and the like often occur in actual operation. And the kitchen waste does not accord with the size distribution rule, wherein large-size organic matters and small-size non-biodegradable impurities exist, so that the high organic matter recovery rate is difficult to obtain by adopting a mechanical sorting technology. The crushing pulping adopts a device with extremely strong crushing capability, so that impurities (such as plastic bags, ceramics, gravels, beverage barrels, metal tanks and other materials) in the organic garbage can be crushed and enter the pulp while the organic garbage is crushed, great difficulty is brought to subsequent sand and impurity removal treatment, the equipment, pipeline facilities and the like are seriously abraded, and faults such as blockage and the like are easy to occur. Therefore, how to reasonably select the kitchen waste pretreatment process is a difficult problem to be solved urgently at present, which prevents the kitchen waste from realizing harmless, quantitative reduction and recycling treatment.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above technical problems in the related art, the present invention provides a high organic matter recycling system for kitchen waste, which can overcome the above disadvantages in the prior art.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
the utility model provides a high organic matter recovery processing system of kitchen garbage, includes high enriched pulping machine, high enriched pulping machine bottom is carried sediment screw conveyer bottom with the one-level and is connected, the one-level is carried sediment screw conveyer top below and is equipped with hydrolysis unit in advance, hydrolysis unit is carried sediment screw conveyer bottom with the second grade in advance and is connected, the second grade is carried sediment screw conveyer bottom and is equipped with high enriched thick liquid jar, second grade is carried sediment screw conveyer top below and is equipped with well thick pulping machine, well thick pulping machine is connected with tertiary sediment screw conveyer and well thick liquid jar through the pipeline respectively, the third grade is carried sediment screw conveyer top and is connected with the squeezer, be equipped with well thick pulp discharging pump between well thick pulping machine and the well thick liquid jar, high enriched pulping machine bottom is connected with high enriched thick liquid jar through high enriched thick liquid reflux pump, well thick liquid jar is connected with high enriched thick liquid jar through well thick liquid reflux pump, high enriched thick liquid makes the thick liquid outwards export through thick liquid delivery pump.
Further, high enriched pulping machine top is equipped with first feed inlet, first feed inlet one side is equipped with first foul smell gas port, high enriched pulping machine bottom is equipped with first thick liquid mouth and the first cinder notch of unloading respectively, high enriched pulping machine lateral wall is equipped with first thick liquid backward flow mouth, high enriched pulping machine bottom center department is equipped with high enriched rotor, first thick liquid mouth is arranged in carrying thick liquid to high enriched thick liquid jar, first cinder notch of unloading is arranged in carrying the waste material sediment to the one-level on the sediment screw conveyer, first thick liquid backward flow mouth is arranged in carrying the thick liquid in the medium enriched thick liquid jar to high enriched pulping machine, first foul smell mouth is arranged in discharging the foul smell in the high enriched pulping machine, high enriched rotor is arranged in carrying out the easily broken organic matter in the rubbish in kitchen and breaks and realizes preliminary solid-liquid separation.
Further, the one-level is carried sediment screw conveyer bottom and is equipped with first slag notch and first leachate mouth, the one-level is carried sediment screw conveyer top and is equipped with first slag notch, the one-level is carried sediment screw conveyer middle part and is equipped with the smelly gas port of second, first slag notch one end of advancing is connected with first hopper, the first slag notch other end of advancing is connected with the first sediment mouth of unloading, the one-level is carried sediment screw conveyer inside and is equipped with the first sediment spiral of carrying, the one-level is carried sediment screw conveyer and is put inclination angle scope and be 25-30.
Furthermore, the prehydrolysis device is sequentially provided with a preheating mixing cavity, a pyrohydrolysis reaction cavity and a pressure relief cavity from top to bottom, the bottom of the pressure relief cavity is provided with a discharge hole, the top of the preheating mixing cavity is provided with a steam inlet, one side of the steam inlet is provided with a second feed inlet, and the other side of the steam inlet is provided with a third odor port.
Further, the sediment screw conveyer bottom is carried to the second grade is equipped with the second and advances the slag notch, the second advances slag notch one end and is connected with the discharge gate, the second advances the slag notch other end and is connected with the second hopper, the second advances the slag notch bottom and is connected with high enriched slurry tank through the second leachate mouth, the second grade is carried sediment screw conveyer middle part and is equipped with the fourth smelly gas port, the second grade is carried sediment screw conveyer inside and is equipped with the second and carries the sediment spiral, the second grade is carried sediment screw conveyer top and is passed through the second slag notch and be connected with the third feed inlet, the second grade is carried sediment screw conveyer and is put inclination angle scope and be 25-30.
Furthermore, the medium consistency pulping machine comprises a third feeding port, a fifth odor port is arranged on one side of the feeding port, a second slurry backflow port is arranged on the side wall of the medium consistency pulping machine, the medium consistency pulping machine is connected with a medium consistency slurry tank through the second slurry port, the medium consistency pulping machine is connected with a three-level slag extraction screw conveyor through a second slag unloading port, and a medium consistency rotor is arranged in the medium consistency pulping machine.
Further, slag screw conveyer is carried to tertiary, includes the third hopper, third hopper one end is connected with the third slag inlet, the third hopper other end is carried slag screw connection with the third, slag screw conveyer middle part is equipped with the sixth ozone mouth is carried to the tertiary, third slag inlet bottom is equipped with the third leachate mouth, slag screw conveyer top is carried through the third slag outlet to the tertiary is connected with the squeezer, slag screw conveyer is carried to the tertiary, it puts the inclination angle scope and is 25-30 to carry slag screw conveyer.
Further, the squeezer top is equipped with the fourth feed inlet, the fourth feed inlet is connected with the third slag notch, squeezer one end is equipped with the backpressure ring, backpressure ring bottom is equipped with the dehydration residue export, the inside spiral that squeezes that is equipped with of squeezer, it is equipped with the seventh foul smell mouth to squeeze the spiral top, it leads to the filtrate mouth and is connected with well dense thick liquid jar to squeeze spiral bottom.
Furthermore, a high-concentration slurry stirrer is arranged in the high-concentration slurry tank, and a medium-concentration slurry stirrer is arranged in the medium-concentration slurry tank.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the treatment system designed by the application is characterized in that the targeted high-concentration and medium-concentration crushing device is arranged, and the prehydrolysis device is supplemented to carry out the thermal hydrolysis on the components which are difficult to crush by the high-concentration pulping machine, so that the organic matters which are difficult to crush in the kitchen waste are subjected to thermal cracking, the organization structure of the organic matters is damaged, and the fluidity of the materials is improved, thereby reducing the crushing pulping difficulty of the organic matters and being beneficial to further pulping treatment.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a kitchen garbage high organic matter recycling system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a high-concentration pulping machine; 2. a first-stage slag-extracting screw conveyor; 3. a prehydrolysis device; 4. a secondary slag extraction screw conveyor; 5. medium consistency pulping machine; 6. a third-stage slag-extracting screw conveyor; 7. a press; 8. a high-concentration slurry tank; 9. a medium-concentration slurry tank; 10. a high-concentration slurry discharge pump; 11. medium consistency slurry discharging pump; 12. a high-concentration slurry reflux pump; 13. medium-concentration slurry reflux pump; 14. a slurry delivery pump;
101. a first feed port; 102. a first slurry port; 103. a first slag discharge port; 104. a first slurry return port; 105. a first odor port; 106. a high-consistency rotor; 201. a first slag inlet; 202. a first draining port; 203. a first slag outlet; 204. a second odor port; 205. a first hopper; 206. a first slag extraction screw; 301. a second feed port; 302. a discharge port; 303. a steam inlet; 304. a third odor port; 305. preheating the mixing chamber; 306. a thermal hydrolysis reaction chamber; 307. a pressure relief cavity; 401. a second slag inlet; 402. a second liquid draining port; 403. a second slag outlet; 404. a fourth odor port; 405. a second hopper; 406. a second slag extraction screw; 501. a third feed inlet; 502. a second slurry port; 503. a second slag discharge port; 504. a second slurry return port; 505. a fifth odor port; 506. a medium-consistency rotor; 601. a third slag inlet; 602. a third liquid draining port; 603. a third slag outlet; 604. a sixth odor port; 605. a third hopper; 606. a third slag extraction screw; 701. a fourth feed port; 702. a dehydrated residue outlet; 703. a filtrate port; 704. a seventh odor port; 705. a pressing screw; 706. a back pressure ring; 801. a high consistency slurry blender; 901. a medium-concentration slurry stirrer.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments that can be derived by one of ordinary skill in the art from the embodiments given herein are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the system for recycling high organic matter from kitchen waste according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a high consistency pulper 1, the bottom of the high consistency pulper 1 is connected to the bottom of a first-stage slag-extracting screw conveyor 2, a prehydrolysis device 3 is arranged below the top of the first-stage slag-extracting screw conveyor 2, the prehydrolysis device 3 is connected to the bottom of a second-stage slag-extracting screw conveyor 4, a high consistency slurry tank 8 is arranged at the bottom of the second-stage slag-extracting screw conveyor 4, a medium consistency pulper 5 is arranged below the top of the second-stage slag-extracting screw conveyor 4, the medium consistency pulper 5 is connected to a third-stage slag-extracting screw conveyor 6 and a medium consistency slurry tank 9 through pipes, the top of the third-stage slag-extracting screw conveyor 6 is connected to a presser 7, a medium consistency slurry discharge 11 is arranged between the medium consistency pulper 5 and the medium consistency slurry tank 9, the bottom of the high consistency pulper 1 is connected to the high consistency slurry tank 8 through a high consistency slurry discharge pump 10, the medium consistency pulper 5 is connected to the high consistency slurry return pump 12, and the high consistency slurry tank is output to the high consistency slurry tank 8 through a medium consistency slurry return pump 13.
In a specific embodiment, a first feeding hole 101 is arranged at the top of the high consistency pulper 1, a first odor gas port 105 is arranged on one side of the first feeding hole 101, a first slurry port 102 and a first slag discharge port 103 are respectively arranged at the bottom of the high consistency pulper 1, a first slurry return port 104 is arranged on the side wall of the high consistency pulper 1, a high consistency rotor 106 is arranged at the center of the bottom of the high consistency pulper 1, the first slurry port 102 is used for conveying slurry to the high consistency slurry tank 8, the first slag discharge port 103 is used for conveying waste slag to the first-stage slag extraction screw conveyor 2, and the first slurry return port 104 is used for conveying the slurry in the medium consistency slurry tank 9 to the high consistency pulper 1.
In a specific embodiment, a first slag inlet 201 and a first liquid draining port 202 are arranged at the bottom of the first-stage slag extracting screw conveyor 2, a first slag outlet 203 is arranged at the top of the first-stage slag extracting screw conveyor 2, a second odor port 204 is arranged in the middle of the first-stage slag extracting screw conveyor 2, one end of the first slag inlet 201 is connected with a first hopper 205, the other end of the first slag inlet 201 is connected with a first slag discharging port 103, a first slag extracting screw 206 is arranged inside the first-stage slag extracting screw conveyor 2, and the arrangement inclination angle range of the first-stage slag extracting screw conveyor 2 is 25-30 degrees.
In a specific embodiment, the prehydrolysis device 3 is sequentially provided with a preheating mixing chamber 305, a pyrohydrolysis reaction chamber 306 and a pressure relief chamber 307 from top to bottom, the bottom of the pressure relief chamber 307 is provided with a discharge hole 302, the top of the preheating mixing chamber 305 is provided with a steam inlet 303, one side of the steam inlet 303 is provided with a second feed hole 301, and the other side of the steam inlet 303 is provided with a third ozone hole 304.
In a specific embodiment, a second slag inlet 401 is arranged at the bottom of the secondary slag extraction screw conveyor 4, one end of the second slag inlet 401 is connected with the discharge hole 302, the other end of the second slag inlet 401 is connected with a second hopper 405, the bottom of the second slag inlet 401 is connected with the high-concentration slurry tank 8 through a second liquid draining port 402, a fourth odor port 404 is arranged in the middle of the secondary slag extraction screw conveyor 4, a second slag extraction screw 406 is arranged inside the secondary slag extraction screw conveyor 4, the top of the secondary slag extraction screw conveyor 4 is connected with a third feed hole 501 through a second slag outlet 403, and the inclination angle of the secondary slag extraction screw conveyor 4 is 25-30 °.
In a specific embodiment, the medium consistency pulper 5 comprises a third feed port 501, a fifth odor port 505 is arranged on one side of the feed port 501, a second slurry return port 504 is arranged on the side wall of the medium consistency pulper 5, the medium consistency pulper 5 is connected with a medium consistency slurry tank 9 through a second slurry port 502, the medium consistency pulper 5 is connected with a three-stage slag extraction screw conveyor 6 through a second slag discharge port 503, and a medium consistency rotor 506 is arranged in the medium consistency pulper 5.
In a specific embodiment, the three-stage slag-extracting screw conveyor 6 comprises a third hopper 605, one end of the third hopper 605 is connected with a third slag inlet 601, the other end of the third hopper 605 is connected with a third slag-extracting screw 606, a sixth odor port 604 is arranged in the middle of the three-stage slag-extracting screw conveyor 6, a third liquid draining port 602 is arranged at the bottom of the third slag inlet 601, the top of the three-stage slag-extracting screw conveyor 6 is connected with a presser 7 through the third slag outlet 603, and the inclination angle of the three-stage slag-extracting screw conveyor 6 is 25-30 °.
In specific embodiment, squeezer 7 top is equipped with fourth feed inlet 701, fourth feed inlet 701 is connected with third slag notch 603, squeezer 7 one end is equipped with back clamping ring 706, back clamping ring 706 bottom is equipped with dehydration residue export 702, the inside spiral 705 that squeezes that is equipped with of squeezer 7, spiral 705 top is equipped with seventh smelly gas mouth 704, it is connected with well dense slurry liquid jar 9 to squeeze spiral 705 bottom through filtering liquid mouth 703.
In a specific embodiment, a high-concentration slurry stirrer 801 is provided inside the high-concentration slurry tank 8, and a medium-concentration slurry stirrer 901 is provided inside the medium-concentration slurry tank 9.
In order to facilitate understanding of the above-described technical aspects of the present invention, the above-described technical aspects of the present invention will be described in detail below in terms of specific usage.
In a specific use, the high consistency pulper 1 according to the present invention has a feed inlet 101, a slurry outlet 102, a slag discharge outlet 103, a slurry return outlet 104, an odor outlet 105, and the like. Kitchen waste is discharged into the high-concentration pulping machine 1 through a material receiving device or a garbage truck through a material inlet 101 to complete feeding; in the pulping stage, the high-concentration rotor 106 drives the material to rotate at a high speed, organic components which are easy to break in the kitchen garbage are broken under the action of hydraulic shearing and grinding, and the organic components are separated from other components which are not easy to break and inorganic components; the slurry in the medium-consistency slurry tank 9 flows back to a slurry return port 104 of the high-consistency pulping machine 1 through a medium-consistency slurry return pump 13, and pulping and slag washing processes are respectively completed; after the pulping and slag washing stages are finished, the slurry generated by pulping is pumped into the high-concentration slurry tank 8 through the slurry outlet 102 by the high-concentration slurry discharge pump 10, then the slag discharge outlet 103 is opened, and the residues are discharged into the primary slag extraction screw conveyor 2.
The primary slag extracting screw conveyor 2 comprises a slag inlet 201, a liquid draining port 202, a slag outlet 203, an odor gas port 204, a hopper 205, a slag extracting screw 206 and the like. High-moisture content residues generated after pulping of the high-concentration pulping machine 1 are collected into a hopper 205 through a residue inlet 201, filtrate is discharged into a high-concentration slurry tank 8 through a filtrate outlet 202, and the residues in the hopper 205 are conveyed to a residue outlet 203 through a residue extraction screw 206 and fall into the prehydrolysis device 3.
The pre-hydrolysis device 3 comprises a feed inlet 301, a discharge outlet 302, a steam inlet 303, an odor outlet 304, a preheating mixing cavity 305, a thermal hydrolysis reaction cavity 306, a pressure relief cavity 307 and the like. Kitchen waste residues separated by the high-concentration pulping machine firstly enter a preheating mixing cavity 305 through a feeding hole 301, are preheated by waste heat in the device and are heated, and then are conveyed to a pyrohydrolysis reaction cavity 306; low-pressure steam with the pressure of 1.0-2.5MPa and the temperature of less than or equal to 200 ℃ enters the device through a steam inlet 303, the temperature and the pressure are raised, the reaction temperature in the cavity is kept at 160-200 ℃, the reaction pressure is 0.6-1.6MPa, after the thermal hydrolysis reaction for 10-30min, organic matters which are difficult to break in the residues are destroyed under the action of high temperature and high pressure, the organic matters are thermally cracked, the breaking difficulty of the organic matters is reduced, and the secondary pulping performance and the dehydration performance of the residues are improved; the residue after thermal hydrolysis enters the pressure relief cavity 307, the high-temperature gas generated after the high-temperature gas is suddenly released to the atmospheric pressure is recycled into the preheating mixing cavity 305, and the residue is discharged to the secondary slag extraction screw conveyor 4 through the discharge hole 302.
The secondary slag extraction screw conveyor 4 comprises a slag inlet 401, a liquid draining port 402, a slag outlet 403, an odor port 404, a hopper 405, a slag extraction screw 406 and the like. The residues after the pyrohydrolysis reaction are collected into a hopper 405 through a residue inlet 401, filtrate is discharged into a high-concentration slurry tank 8 through a liquid draining port 402, and the residues in the hopper 405 are conveyed to a residue outlet 403 through a residue extracting screw 406 and enter a medium-concentration slurry making machine 5.
The medium consistency pulper 5 has a feed port 501, a slurry port 502, a slag discharge port 503, a slurry return port 504, an odor port 505, and the like. The kitchen waste residues after thermal hydrolysis enter a medium consistency pulping machine 5 through a feeding hole 501 to finish feeding; in the pulping stage, the medium-consistency rotor 506 drives the material to rotate at a high speed, organic components in the crushed kitchen waste residues after the thermal hydrolysis are crushed under the action of hydraulic shearing and grinding, and the organic components are separated from inorganic components; the slurry in the high-concentration slurry tank 8 flows back to a slurry return opening 504 of the medium-concentration pulping machine 5 through a high-concentration slurry return pump 12, and pulping and slag washing processes are respectively completed; after the pulping and slag washing stages are finished, the slurry generated by pulping is pumped into the medium consistency slurry tank 9 through the slurry outlet 502 by the medium consistency slurry discharge pump 11, then the slag discharge outlet 503 is opened, and the residue is discharged into the three-stage slag extraction screw conveyor 6.
The three-stage slag extraction screw conveyor 6 comprises a slag inlet 601, a liquid draining port 602, a slag outlet 603, an odor port 604, a hopper 605, a slag extraction screw 606 and the like. The residue generated by the medium consistency pulping machine is collected into a hopper 605 through a residue inlet 601, the filtrate is discharged into a medium consistency slurry tank 9 through a filtrate outlet 602, and the residue in the hopper 605 is conveyed to a residue outlet 603 through a residue extraction screw 606 and enters a squeezer 7.
The presser 7 comprises a feed port 701, a dehydrated residue outlet 702, a filtrate port 703, a pressing screw 704, a back pressure ring 705 and the like. Residues generated by the medium consistency pulping machine enter a presser 7 through a feeding hole 701, the solid content of the materials is controlled through the bidirectional pressure of a pressing screw 704 and a discharge end back pressing ring 705, the pressing pressure is 0-0.6 MPa, the pressing time is more than or equal to 5min, the water content of the pressed dehydrated residues is lower than 65%, and the dehydrated residues are discharged through a dehydrated residue outlet 702 and then are transported out for disposal; the dehydrated filtrate is discharged into a medium-consistency slurry tank 9 through a filtrate port 703.
The high-concentration slurry tank 8 collects slurry discharged by the high-concentration pulping machine 1 and leachate discharged by the primary slag extraction screw conveyor 2 and the secondary slag extraction screw conveyor 3, a high-concentration slurry stirrer 801 is arranged in the tank, one part of the high-concentration slurry flows back to the medium-concentration pulping machine 5 through a high-concentration slurry return pump 12 to be used for pulping and slag washing, and the other part of the high-concentration slurry flows to a subsequent treatment system through a slurry conveying pump 14.
The medium-consistency slurry tank 9 collects slurry discharged by the medium-consistency pulping machine 5, leachate discharged by the three-stage slag extraction screw conveyor 6 and dehydrated filtrate generated by the squeezer 7, a medium-consistency slurry stirrer 901 is arranged in the tank, and medium-consistency slurry flows back to the high-consistency pulping machine 1 through a medium-consistency slurry return pump 13 to be pulped and slag washed.
In some embodiments, the high consistency pulper 1, the first-stage slag extraction screw conveyor 2, the prehydrolysis device 3, the second-stage slag extraction screw conveyor 4, the medium consistency pulper 5, the third-stage slag extraction screw conveyor 6, the presser 7 and the like are all sealed structures, and generated odor is sent to an odor treatment system for deodorization treatment after being sucked by negative pressure through the odor ports 105, 204, 304, 404, 505, 604 and 704 respectively.
In some embodiments, the high consistency pulper 1 and the medium consistency pulper 5 adopt a sequencing batch or continuous operation mode, the operation period is divided into feeding (5-10 min), sorting pulping (5-10 min), pulp unloading (2-5 min), slag washing (2 min), slag discharging (3 min) and idling, and automatic switching of the operation period is realized through an automatic control system.
In some embodiments, the bottoms of the slag extraction screw conveyors 2, 4 and 6 are provided with hoppers, the bottoms of the hoppers are provided with shaftless screw conveyors, the slag extraction screw conveyors are operated in a variable frequency mode, and the slag extraction screw conveyors are provided with a blocking early warning monitoring device and have an automatic rotation function.
In some embodiments, the high-consistency rotor 106 is in a multi-spiral structure, the medium-consistency rotor 506 is in an S-shaped structure, the rotors are made of wear-resistant special steel, the rotating speed of the rotors can be controlled through frequency conversion, the prepared slurry is discharged and filtered through the sieve plate, and the rotors and the sieve plate can be replaced.
In some embodiments, the kitchen waste can be directly fed into the prehydrolysis device 3 for treatment, and the kitchen waste after the thermal hydrolysis is fed into the medium consistency pulper 5 for pulping treatment.
In some embodiments, the medium consistency pulper 5 may not be provided, and the residue after the treatment of the high consistency pulper 1 enters the prehydrolysis device 3 for treatment and then directly enters the press 7 for press dewatering.
In some embodiments, the pre-hydrolysis apparatus 3 may adopt a continuous feeding mode or an intermittent feeding mode, and the operation period of the upstream and downstream pulping apparatuses is matched, so that the continuous operation of the whole process is realized.
In some embodiments, each processing unit in the process can adjust operating parameters such as run length, run period, rotor speed, temperature, pressure, reflux ratio, etc. according to the quality of the kitchen waste feed and the processing requirements.
In some embodiments, the high consistency pulper 1, the pre-hydrolysis unit 3, and the medium consistency pulper 5 are designed as a tandem process, and can be operated to achieve process crossover.
The high organic matter recycling treatment process for kitchen waste provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
the high-concentration pulping machine can be suitable for pretreatment pulping of kitchen waste with high solid content, high impurity content and low organic matter proportion, and is provided with a feeding hole, a slurry hole, a slag discharging hole, a slurry backflow hole and the like;
the slag extraction screw conveyor is used for collecting and conveying high-water-content residues generated by a pulping machine and comprises a slag inlet, a slag outlet, a liquid draining port and the like;
the prehydrolysis device is used for carrying out thermal hydrolysis treatment on organic residues which cannot be crushed by the high-concentration pulping machine, and comprises a feeding hole, a discharging hole, a steam inlet and the like;
the medium consistency pulping machine is used for treating high consistency pulping machine residues subjected to thermal hydrolysis treatment and is provided with a feeding hole, a pulp liquid hole, a slag discharging hole, a pulp liquid backflow hole and the like;
the squeezing machine is used for processing residues generated by the medium consistency pulping machine and comprises a feed port, a filtrate port, a dehydrated residue outlet and the like;
wherein, high enriched pulping machine, carry sediment screw conveyer, hydrolysis unit, well dense pulping machine, squeezer etc. are seal structure in advance, send to odor treatment system after the negative pressure suction and carry out the deodorization processing to the foul smell of production.
According to the kitchen waste high-organic-matter recycling and processing system, leachate and rear-end slurry of the material receiving system can be used as diluents and enter from the slurry return opening in the upper portion of the pulping machine. The high-concentration pulping machine and the medium-concentration pulping machine are equipment which skillfully combines fluid power crushing and mechanical crushing together and integrates crushing pulping and impurity separation, rotors with different structural forms can be adopted according to different difficulty degrees of materials to be crushed, so that organic matters in kitchen garbage can be crushed, pulped and recycled to the maximum extent, the crushing damage degree to glass, ceramics, plastics and other impurities in the kitchen garbage can be reduced as much as possible, the impurities can be effectively separated, the rotor rotating speed is variable-frequency and adjustable, and the effect of controlling pulping and impurity removal by flexibly adjusting and controlling the rotor rotating speed according to the quality of the garbage can be realized; the rotor material selects wear-resisting special steel for use, and rotor and sieve are removable.
According to some embodiments of the invention, during the operation of the pulping machine, when the moisture content of the incoming material is low, the operation current of the equipment is increased, and the concentration of the material in the equipment can be adjusted by adjusting the backflow amount of the slurry, so as to achieve the optimal state and maximally ensure the fault-free operation of the equipment. After the kitchen waste enters a pulping machine, larger solid organic matters (bones, food, paper and the like) are crushed into particles with the particle size of less than 8mm, the particles pass through a porous screen, enter a slurry storage tank at the bottom of the equipment and are pumped to a subsequent treatment unit, and light substances (plastics, fibers, bamboo wood and the like) and impurities which are not easy to crush are discharged to a slag extraction screw conveyor. In order to further reduce the organic matter loss rate and the residue yield of the treatment system, the invention adopts a prehydrolysis device to treat the residue produced by the pulping machine. Utilize the thermal instability of kitchen garbage organic matter, through the high temperature high pressure reaction in the device of hydrolysising in advance, destroy the organizational structure of fibrous material in the residue, make it can dissolve in heat treatment process, the cell can be broken, thereby organic components such as release polysaccharide, total organic carbon, improve the proportion that soluble organic matter accounts for in the thick liquid, can make a large amount of bound inside the cell binding water and the moisture that adsorbs on the cell surface release and become the free water simultaneously, the mobility of residue has been improved, secondary pulping performance and dewatering performance have been improved. Solid organic matters in the residue can be dissolved through thermal hydrolysis treatment, and partially soluble macromolecular organic matters are further hydrolyzed into micromolecular substances, so that the biodegradability of the slurry can be enhanced.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the solid content of the feed of the prehydrolysis device is 15% -30%, the reaction temperature is 160-200 ℃, the reaction pressure is 0.6-1.6MPa, the reaction time is 10-30min, low-pressure steam (the pressure is 1.0-2.5MPa, and the temperature is less than or equal to 200 ℃) is used as a heat source, and the prehydrolysis device can adopt a continuous/intermittent operation mode.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the squeezer adopts a variable-pitch and shaft-mounted spiral structure, runs in a variable frequency mode, and can control the solid content of the material by adjusting the pressure at the discharge end, wherein the squeezing pressure is 0-0.6 MPa, and the squeezing time is more than or equal to 5min.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the high consistency pulper rotor is in the form of a multi-helix structure, the aspect ratio is more than 2, and the running speed is 150-300r/min.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the rotor of the medium consistency pulper adopts an S-shaped structure, the height-diameter ratio is less than 0.5, and the running speed is 200-500r/min.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the prehydrolysis device is of a horizontal tubular structure, the upper layer is a preheating mixing cavity, the middle layer is a pyrohydrolysis reaction cavity, the bottom layer is a pressure relief cavity, and a spiral propeller is arranged in the tubular cavity to propel, stir and mix materials.
Preferably, the high temperature slurry produced after thermal hydrolysis is returned to the high consistency pulper for use as pulping dilution water while warming the raw kitchen waste.
Preferably, the prehydrolysis device is provided with heat recovery, waste heat generated by the bottom pressure relief cavity can be used for heating the upper waste heat mixing cavity, the investment of fresh steam is saved, and the steam consumption is lower than 100kg/t of kitchen waste.
Preferably, after the kitchen waste is treated, the removal rate of inorganic matters can reach more than 90%, the recovery rate of organic matters is 70-90%, the yield of residues is lower than 20-30%, and the water content of the residues is lower than 65%.
In summary, according to the above technical scheme of the present invention, the treatment system designed in the present application is based on the characteristics of high solid content, complex composition, different crushing difficulty levels of different components, etc. of the kitchen waste, by providing the targeted high-concentration and medium-concentration crushing device and then assisting the prehydrolysis device to perform the thermal hydrolysis on the components which are difficult to crush by the high-concentration pulping machine, the organic matter which is difficult to crush in the kitchen waste is thermally cracked, the tissue structure of the organic matter is damaged, and the fluidity of the material is improved, so that the crushing and pulping difficulty of the residue is reduced, which is beneficial to further pulping treatment.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (9)
1. A high organic matter recycling system for kitchen garbage is characterized by comprising a high-concentration pulping machine (1), the bottom of the high-concentration pulping machine (1) is connected with the bottom end of the first-stage slag-extracting screw conveyor (2), a pre-hydrolysis device (3) is arranged below the top end of the primary slag-extracting screw conveyor (2), the prehydrolysis device (3) is connected with the bottom end of the secondary slag-extracting screw conveyor (4), the bottom end of the second-stage slag-extracting screw conveyor (4) is provided with a high-concentration slurry tank (8), a medium consistency pulping machine (5) is arranged below the top end of the second-stage slag extraction screw conveyor (4), the medium-consistency pulping machine (5) is respectively connected with a three-stage slag extraction screw conveyor (6) and a medium-consistency pulp tank (9) through pipelines, the top end of the three-stage slag-extracting screw conveyor (6) is connected with a squeezer (7), a medium consistency slurry discharging pump (11) is arranged between the medium consistency pulping machine (5) and the medium consistency slurry tank (9), the bottom of the high-concentration pulping machine (1) is connected with a high-concentration pulp tank (8) through a high-concentration pulp discharging pump (10), the medium-concentration pulping machine (5) is connected with a high-concentration pulp tank (8) through a high-concentration pulp reflux pump (12), the high-consistency pulping machine (1) is connected with a medium-consistency pulp tank (9) through a medium-consistency pulp reflux pump (13), the high-concentration slurry tank (8) enables slurry to be output outwards through a slurry conveying pump (14).
2. The high organic matter recycling system of kitchen waste according to claim 1, wherein a first feeding hole (101) is formed in the top of the high consistency pulper (1), a first odor gas port (105) is formed in one side of the first feeding hole (101), a first slurry hole (102) and a first slag discharging hole (103) are respectively formed in the bottom of the high consistency pulper (1), a first slurry return hole (104) is formed in the side wall of the high consistency pulper (1), a high consistency rotor (106) is arranged in the center of the bottom of the high consistency pulper (1), the first slurry hole (102) is used for conveying slurry to the high consistency slurry tank (8), the first slag discharging hole (103) is used for conveying waste slag to the first-level slag extraction screw conveyor (2), and the first slurry return hole (104) is used for conveying slurry in the medium consistency slurry tank (9) to the high consistency pulper (1).
3. The kitchen waste high organic matter recycling and processing system according to claim 2, wherein a first slag inlet (201) and a first liquid draining port (202) are formed in the bottom of the primary slag extracting screw conveyor (2), a first slag outlet (203) is formed in the top of the primary slag extracting screw conveyor (2), a second odor port (204) is formed in the middle of the primary slag extracting screw conveyor (2), one end of the first slag inlet (201) is connected with a first hopper (205), the other end of the first slag inlet (201) is connected with a first slag discharging port (103), a first slag extracting screw (206) is arranged inside the primary slag extracting screw conveyor (2), and the inclination angle of the primary slag extracting screw conveyor (2) ranges from 25 ° to 30 °.
4. The kitchen waste high organic matter recycling system according to claim 1, wherein the prehydrolysis device (3) is provided with a preheating mixing chamber (305), a pyrohydrolysis reaction chamber (306), and a pressure release chamber (307) in sequence from top to bottom, the bottom of the pressure release chamber (307) is provided with a discharge hole (302), the top of the preheating mixing chamber (305) is provided with a steam inlet (303), one side of the steam inlet (303) is provided with a second feed hole (301), and the other side of the steam inlet (303) is provided with a third odor gas hole (304).
5. The high organic matter recycling and processing system for kitchen waste according to claim 1, wherein a second slag inlet (401) is formed in the bottom of the secondary slag extracting screw conveyor (4), one end of the second slag inlet (401) is connected with the discharge port (302), the other end of the second slag inlet (401) is connected with a second hopper (405), the bottom of the second slag inlet (401) is connected with the high-concentration slurry tank (8) through a second liquid draining port (402), a fourth odor port (404) is formed in the middle of the secondary slag extracting screw conveyor (4), a second slag extracting screw (406) is arranged inside the secondary slag extracting screw conveyor (4), the top of the secondary slag extracting screw conveyor (4) is connected with a third slag inlet (501) through a second slag draining port (403), and the inclination angle of the secondary slag extracting screw conveyor (4) ranges from 25 ° to 30 °.
6. The high organic matter recycling system of kitchen waste according to claim 5, characterized in that said medium consistency pulper (5) comprises a third feeding port (501), a fifth odor port (505) is disposed on one side of said feeding port (501), a second slurry return port (504) is disposed on a side wall of said medium consistency pulper (5), said medium consistency pulper (5) is connected with a medium consistency slurry tank (9) through a second slurry port (502), said medium consistency pulper (5) is connected with a third-level slag-extracting screw conveyor (6) through a second slag-discharging port (503), and a medium consistency rotor (506) is disposed in said medium consistency pulper (5).
7. The kitchen waste high organic matter recycling and processing system according to claim 6, wherein the third stage slag extracting screw conveyor (6) comprises a third hopper (605), one end of the third hopper (605) is connected with a third slag inlet (601), the other end of the third hopper (605) is connected with a third slag extracting screw (606), a sixth odor port (604) is arranged in the middle of the third stage slag extracting screw conveyor (6), a third liquid draining port (602) is arranged at the bottom of the third slag inlet (601), the top of the third stage slag extracting screw conveyor (6) is connected with a squeezer (7) through a third slag outlet (603), and the inclination angle of the third stage slag extracting screw conveyor (6) is 25-30 °.
8. The high organic matter recycling system of kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that a fourth feeding hole (701) is provided at the top of said squeezer (7), said fourth feeding hole (701) is connected to said third slag hole (603), a back pressure ring (706) is provided at one end of said squeezer (7), a dehydrated residue outlet (702) is provided at the bottom of said back pressure ring (706), a squeezing screw (705) is provided inside said squeezer (7), a seventh odor port (704) is provided at the top of said squeezing screw (705), and said squeezing screw (705) is connected to said medium consistency slurry tank (9) through a filtering liquid port (703).
9. The high organic matter recycling system of kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that said high consistency slurry tank (8) is internally provided with a high consistency slurry mixer (801), and said medium consistency slurry tank (9) is internally provided with a medium consistency slurry mixer (901).
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