CN115301103A - Uneven gravel soil mixing method and system for high earth dam and screening method - Google Patents

Uneven gravel soil mixing method and system for high earth dam and screening method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115301103A
CN115301103A CN202210945177.3A CN202210945177A CN115301103A CN 115301103 A CN115301103 A CN 115301103A CN 202210945177 A CN202210945177 A CN 202210945177A CN 115301103 A CN115301103 A CN 115301103A
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China
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materials
coarse
fine
screen
soil
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CN202210945177.3A
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CN115301103B (en
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熊亮
李秋石
薛凯
江万红
车维斌
张振
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Sinohydro Bureau 5 Co Ltd
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Sinohydro Bureau 5 Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/60—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis
    • B01F27/70—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis with paddles, blades or arms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/70—Pre-treatment of the materials to be mixed
    • B01F23/713—Sieving materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/71—Feed mechanisms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/75—Discharge mechanisms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/80—Forming a predetermined ratio of the substances to be mixed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/28—Moving screens not otherwise provided for, e.g. swinging, reciprocating, rocking, tilting or wobbling screens
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/42—Drive mechanisms, regulating or controlling devices, or balancing devices, specially adapted for screens
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/46—Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B7/00—Barrages or weirs; Layout, construction, methods of, or devices for, making same
    • E02B7/02—Fixed barrages
    • E02B7/04—Dams across valleys
    • E02B7/06—Earth-fill dams; Rock-fill dams

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and a system for blending uneven gravel soil materials of a high earth dam, which relate to the technical field of building construction and comprise the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: mining soil materials; step two: screening the mined soil, screening out coarse materials and fine materials, and stacking in a classified manner; step three: transporting the coarse material and the fine material to a mixing field; step four: detecting the water content omega and the P5 content of the coarse material and the fine material, and calculating the blending mass ratio alpha according to the water content omega and the P5 content; step five: stirring and blending the coarse material and the fine material according to the blending mass ratio alpha to obtain a homogeneous stirred material; step six: and conveying the obtained homogeneous stirred material to a finished product material pile storage bin. By adopting the scheme, through accurate mixing of coarse materials and fine materials, the uniformity of the mixed soil materials is improved, the stable quality of the produced soil materials is ensured, the mixing degree of automatic machinery is improved, and the construction efficiency is improved.

Description

Uneven gravel soil mixing method and system for high earth dam and screening method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building construction, in particular to a method and a system for mixing uneven gravel soil materials of a high earth dam and a screening method.
Background
In the construction of a high gravel soil core wall dam, the quality of a core wall impermeable soil material is the key of the construction, and natural soil materials have the conditions of uneven and unstable mass distribution, high and low gravel content and the like. At present, the mixing process of 'flat spreading and vertical mining' of earth materials and gravel materials is commonly adopted for unevenly distributed core wall earth materials at home and abroad. Although the blending quality and the production strength of the soil material meet the requirements, the blending process for flat laying and vertical mining has high production cost, large requirement on working surface and large requirement on constructors and mechanical equipment, and process tests show that the conventional blending cannot uniformly blend the fine materials with the size of less than 5mm in the soil material, the fine materials agglomerate, and the blending cannot be uniform, so that the compaction effect is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a blending method, a system and a screening method for uneven gravel soil materials of a high earth dam.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for blending uneven gravel soil materials of a high earth dam comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: mining soil materials;
step two: screening the mined soil, screening out coarse materials and fine materials, and stacking in a classified manner;
step three: transporting the coarse material and the fine material to a mixing field;
step four: detecting the water content omega and the P5 content of the coarse material and the fine material, and calculating the blending mass ratio alpha according to the water content omega and the P5 content;
step five: stirring and blending the coarse materials and the fine materials according to the blending mass ratio alpha to obtain a homogeneous stirred material;
step six: and conveying the obtained homogeneous stirred material to a finished product material pile storage bin.
Compared with the prior art, the conventional blending method cannot achieve the purpose of uniformly blending fine materials with the thickness of less than 5mm in the soil materials, the fine materials are agglomerated, the blending cannot be uniform, and the compaction effect is influenced, the scheme provides the method for blending the uneven gravel soil materials of the high earth dam, the uniformity of the blended soil materials is improved through the accurate blending of the coarse materials and the fine materials, and the stable quality of the produced soil materials is ensured; specifically, before the soil material is excavated, surface soil, weeds, tree roots, garbage and other sundries in the excavation range need to be removed, the soil material is transported to each storage yard for storage, and the next procedure of construction is carried out after the soil material is accepted by a supervision engineer; then, the soil mining is started, preferably, the front shovel or the back shovel excavator is adopted for the soil mining in a layered and vertical mode, and the soil mining is carried out in a screening mode in the prior art, for example, the patent publication number is as follows: CN203878586U, name: a utility model of a grid bucket for quickly mixing soil; then sorting and stacking the screened qualified materials, coarse materials and fine materials with different characteristics; when blending is needed, the coarse materials and the fine materials are transported to a blending yard, the water content omega and the P5 content are detected, the blending mass proportion alpha is calculated according to the water content omega and the P5 content, at the moment, the coarse materials and the fine materials are stirred and blended according to the blending mass proportion alpha to obtain a homogeneous stirring object, finally, the obtained homogeneous stirring object is transported to a finished material stacking bin to be stacked, at the moment, the blended soil materials of the homogeneous stirring object obtained according to the blending mass proportion alpha are uniform and stable in quality.
Further optimization, the first step further comprises the following substeps: before the soil is mined, particle grading experiment detection needs to be carried out on the source materials, and the P5 index of the soil in the mined material taking area is preliminarily judged; the method is used for identifying classification of coarse materials, fine materials, qualified materials and discarded materials of the soil materials in the mining area.
Further, the first step further comprises the following substeps: the soil mining needs to be carried out by adopting a front shovel or a back shovel excavator for layered vertical mining; wherein the layered excavation height is determined according to the effective working height of the excavating equipment and is generally 3-4 m. In order to prevent aggregate separation in the charging process, the height of the discharging hopper of the excavating equipment from the container of the dump truck is not too high, and is generally about 3 m.
Further optimization, the detailed steps of the second step comprise: screening the mined soil materials into useful materials and waste materials according to material sources, directly conveying the waste materials to a waste material stockpiling field, conveying the useful materials to a screening system, removing pebble materials and oversize stones in the soil materials, and sorting and stockpiling the removed soil materials according to qualified materials, coarse materials and fine materials with different characteristics.
Further optimizing, the calculation formula of the blending mass ratio alpha is as follows:
Figure RE-GDA0003851565750000021
in the formula: m represents the mass of coarse materials; m' -fine material mass; p 5 -the content of particles having a particle size greater than 5mm in the coarse fraction; p' 5 -the content of particles with a size greater than 5mm in the fines; omega-moisture content of coarse material; omega' -moisture content of the finer material; p 5 -the content of particles with a particle size of more than 5mm in the finished material.
Further preferably, a high dam heterogeneous gravel-soil blending system comprises:
a clay silo for stacking the relatively fine materials and a gravel silo for stacking the relatively coarse materials;
the stirring main machine is used for stirring the relatively fine materials and the relatively coarse materials;
the feeding conveying device conveys the slightly fine materials and the slightly coarse materials to the stirring main machine;
and the finished product material conveying device is used for conveying the homogeneous stirred material obtained by the stirring main machine to the finished product material stacking bin.
Compared with the problems of high production cost, large operation surface requirement and large demand of constructors and mechanical equipment of a flat-laying vertical-mining doping technology in the prior art, the scheme provides the uneven gravel soil material mixing system for the high earth dam, and by adopting the scheme, the automatic mechanical doping degree is improved and the construction efficiency is improved through process control and quality control; specifically, when the slightly-fine materials and the slightly-coarse materials are conveyed to a mixing yard, the slightly-fine materials are equivalent to clay and are placed in a clay bin, the slightly-coarse materials are equivalent to gravel and are placed in a gravel material bin, then the slightly-fine materials and the slightly-coarse materials are placed on a feeding conveying device according to the mixing proportion and are conveyed to a stirring main machine by the feeding conveying device to be stirred, so that uniform stirred materials are obtained, and then the uniform stirred materials are conveyed to a finished material stacking bin by a finished material conveying device to be stacked; wherein the feeding and conveying device adopts a feeding belt conveyor, and the finished product conveying device adopts a finished product belt conveyor.
Further optimizing, the discharge ports of the clay bin and the gravel bin are respectively provided with a screening device, the clay bin and the gravel bin are respectively used for conveying the finer materials and the coarser materials to a conveying device through the screening devices, and the conveying device is used for conveying the finer materials and the coarser materials to a feeding conveying device; the screening device comprises a feeding cavity, a distributing cavity and a discharging cavity which are sequentially communicated from top to bottom, a screen is arranged in the feeding cavity, a first rotating shaft is arranged in the middle of the distributing cavity, the first rotating shaft is transversely arranged and uniformly distributed with a plurality of blades, and the blades can rotate around the axis of the first rotating shaft; the end part of the blade far away from the first rotating shaft is bent towards the direction of the reverse rotation of the blade; the fine materials screened out by the screen can fall into a storage space between two adjacent blades; the side wall of the material distribution cavity is vertically provided with a sliding chute, a sliding block is connected in the sliding chute in a sliding mode, the middle of the sliding block is provided with a discharge hole, a first discharge pipe is arranged on the outer side of the material distribution cavity, and the sliding block slides up and down and is used for sealing or communicating the first discharge pipe; a lug is arranged below the end part of the inner side of the discharge hole, first electromagnets are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the chute, and the magnetism of the first electromagnets is variable;
the first electromagnet is used for attracting or repelling the sliding block, when the first electromagnet repels the sliding block, the lug can enter the rotating area of the blade, and the blade is used for driving the lug to be separated from the rotating area of the blade; when the first electromagnet below the sliding chute sucks the sliding block, the discharge hole is communicated with the first discharge pipe; the blades rotate forwards, and fine aggregates between adjacent blades fall onto a fine aggregate collecting plate on the conveying device from the discharging cavity; the blades are reversed, and fine aggregate between the adjacent blades falls into the discharge hole; and weighing sensors are arranged on the fine aggregate collecting plate and the screen.
In the clay bin and the gravel bin in the scheme, the fine aggregate in the clay bin still contains a small amount of coarse aggregate and the coarse aggregate in the gravel bin also contains a small amount of fine aggregate during the actual sieving and removing process to the storage stage, so that when the blending mass ratio alpha is set, in order to further improve the blending precision and reduce the frequency of re-work treatment of a furnace, thereby improving the blending efficiency and improving the automatic production, the coarse aggregate and the fine aggregate need to be further sieved, and in order to achieve the purpose, a sieving device is arranged in the clay bin, and because the moisture content in the coarse aggregate and the fine aggregate is different, the fine aggregate with the particle size of less than 5mm and the coarse aggregate with the particle size of more than 5mm which are needed in the fine aggregate, and the fine aggregate with the particle size of less than 5mm and the coarse aggregate with the particle size of more than 5mm need to be respectively obtained in the coarse aggregate; specifically, the screening device comprises a feeding cavity, a distributing cavity and a discharging cavity which are sequentially communicated from top to bottom, wherein the feeding cavity is used for receiving aggregate conveyed by an upper bin, a screen is arranged in the feeding cavity, the screen hole of the screen is 5mm, and fine aggregate smaller than 5mm falls from the screen and enters the distributing cavity; furthermore, a first rotating shaft is arranged in the material distribution cavity and transversely arranged to enable the blades to rotate horizontally, and then the aggregate can fall into a storage space between adjacent blades, wherein the size of an outlet at the lowest part of the feeding cavity is required to be smaller than the rotating diameter of the blades and is positioned right above the blades, so that the aggregate can only fall into the storage space; the aggregate in the storage space gradually falls into the discharging cavity along with the clockwise forward rotation of the blades, and falls onto the fine aggregate collecting plate on the conveying device from the discharging cavity, when a weighing sensor on the fine aggregate collecting plate reaches a set threshold value, the forward rotation of the blades is stopped, and the coarse aggregate is continuously screened out from the screen, so that the fine aggregate collecting plate does not fall off any more, and the blades are controlled to rotate reversely; the side wall of the material distribution cavity is provided with a sliding groove and a sliding block, so that the sliding block can vertically slide, the side wall of the material distribution cavity is also provided with a first material discharge pipe, the first material discharge pipe is just positioned at the middle position in the sliding groove, the middle position of the sliding block is also provided with a material discharge hole, and at the moment, in the up-and-down sliding process of the sliding block, the sliding block can seal the first material discharge pipe or enable the first material discharge pipe to be communicated with the material discharge hole; wherein, a lug is arranged at the lower end position of the inner side of the discharge hole and extends towards the inside of the material distributing cavity; the upper end and the lower end of the chute are respectively provided with a first electromagnet which can attract or repel the sliding block, when the vane rotates reversely, the first electromagnet generates repulsive force to repel the sliding block downwards and enable the sliding block to slide downwards, the lug enters a rotating area of the vane, when the vane rotates reversely, the end part of the vane downwards strikes the lug and drives the lug to slide downwards until the lug is separated from the rotating area of the vane, the first electromagnet at the lower end of the sliding block is close to the sliding block at the moment, and suction force is generated to attract the sliding block, and the discharging hole is just communicated with the first discharging pipe; the outer ends of the blades are bent towards the direction in which the blades rotate reversely, so that the blades can bring aggregate in the storage space to rotate reversely, the aggregate in the storage space can fall downwards when rotating to one side close to the sliding block due to a certain length of the convex blocks, and the aggregate can fall into the discharge hole due to the blocking of the convex blocks so as to enter the first discharge pipe; the outer layer of the lug is wrapped with a rubber pad to avoid damage; when the weight of screen cloth department reached and sets for the threshold value, stop the blade reversal this moment to make the blade corotation, the first electro-magnet of spout lower extreme produced the repulsion this moment, thereby made the slider rebound, and made the lug enter into the rotatory region of blade, the slider can upwards be beaten to the blade, thereby made the slider rebound, and break away from rotatory region, the first electro-magnet of rethread spout upper end adsorbs, thereby fixed slider, and make the slider seal first discharging pipe.
Further preferably, the blades are reversed, and when any one blade leaves the lug, the back side surface of the blade is gradually bent downwards; the distance between adjacent blades is limited to a certain extent, and the distance between the lug and the rotating area of the blade is millimeter; when the end part of one blade is positioned above the end part of the lug and needs to leave the lug, the cambered surfaces at the back sides of the blades are downwards bent, so that the aggregates in the storage space can fall into the discharge hole;
further optimizing, two ends of the back side of any blade are provided with baffle strips; for preventing the aggregate in the storage space from falling out from both sides of the blade.
Further preferably, nylon cloth is arranged between every two adjacent blades, two ends of the nylon cloth are respectively connected with the middle parts of the side surfaces of the two blades, a mass ball is arranged in the middle of the nylon cloth and is arranged on the inner side surface which is close to the inward bending of the blades, and the mass ball is used for driving the nylon cloth to inwards recess or outwards protrude in the storage space; for the smooth falling out of the aggregate in the storage space.
Further optimizing, one end, far away from the material distribution cavity, of the first material discharge pipe is connected with a storage box, the storage box is communicated with the material discharge cavity through a second material discharge pipe, and the second material discharge pipe is provided with a first electromagnetic valve; for collecting and storing the screened fine aggregate.
The feeding cavity is in a cylindrical shape which is transversely arranged, a second rotating shaft which is coaxial with the feeding cavity is arranged in the feeding cavity, and the second rotating shaft is connected with the screen and used for driving the screen to rotate around the axis of the second rotating shaft; two ends of the screen are respectively connected with the inner side surface of the feeding cavity in a sliding manner; one side of the feeding cavity is provided with a third discharging pipe, and the third discharging pipe is used for conveying coarse aggregates to a coarse aggregate collecting plate on the conveying device; the baffle blocks are positioned on the other side of the feeding cavity, the upper part and the lower part of the screen are respectively provided with a baffle block, the baffle blocks positioned above the screen are second electromagnets, and the second electromagnets are used for adsorbing the screen; when the second electromagnetic adsorption is carried out on one end of the screen, the third discharge pipe is positioned above the other end of the screen; the third discharge pipe is provided with a second electromagnetic valve; used for optimizing the screen and screening out the coarse aggregate which is needed by people.
Further optimized, a screening method comprising the steps of:
s1: opening discharge ports of the clay bin and the gravel bin, and continuously feeding materials into a feeding cavity;
s2: controlling the first rotating shaft to rotate positively and controlling the second rotating shaft to rotate positively and negatively to make the coarse aggregate stay on the screen and the fine aggregate fall into the storage space of two adjacent blades from the screen;
s3: when the weight weighed by a weighing sensor on the fine aggregate collecting plate reaches a set threshold value, controlling the first rotating shaft to rotate reversely, controlling a first electromagnet at the upper end of the chute to generate repulsion force, and controlling a first electromagnet at the lower end of the chute to generate attraction force;
s4: at the moment, a weighing sensor on the screen (701) starts to work, whether the maximum weight reaches a set threshold value within a certain time is judged, if the maximum weight does not reach the set threshold value, feeding is continued to the screen, and if the maximum weight reaches or exceeds the set threshold value, feeding is stopped;
s5: after stopping the feeding, control second electro-magnet adsorption screen cloth this moment, stop the rotation of second pivot to open the second solenoid valve, input coarse aggregate on to the coarse aggregate collecting plate.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. according to the mixing method, the mixing system and the screening method for the uneven gravel soil material of the high earth dam, by adopting the scheme, the uniformity of the mixed soil material is improved through accurate mixing of the coarse material and the fine material, the stable quality of the produced soil material is ensured through process control and quality control, the automatic mechanical mixing degree is improved, and the construction efficiency is improved.
2. According to the mixing method, the mixing system and the screening method for the uneven gravel soil of the high earth dam, by adopting the scheme, the continuous production of uneven gravel soil mixing production can be realized, and the construction efficiency of soil mixing production is improved; energy conservation, consumption reduction and effective construction cost reduction.
3. According to the invention, mechanical blending is adopted to replace a conventional flat-paving vertical-mining blending process, so that the automation control degree of blending is improved, and standardized and refined operation is realized.
4. The invention relates to a blending method, a system and a screening method for uneven gravel soil materials of a high dam.
5. The invention relates to a blending method, a system and a screening method for uneven gravel soil materials of a high earth dam.
6. According to the scheme, the screening device is utilized, the mixing precision can be further improved, the times of furnace returning and rework treatment are reduced, the mixing efficiency is improved, the automatic production is improved, and coarse aggregates and fine aggregates need to be further screened.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and that those skilled in the art may also derive other related drawings based on these drawings without inventive effort. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the steps of a method for blending non-uniform gravel material in a high dam;
FIG. 2 is a process flow diagram of a method for blending non-uniform gravel soil in a high dam;
FIG. 3 is a process flow diagram of a method for blending non-uniform gravel soil of a high dam;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a high dam heterogeneous gravel-soil blending system;
FIG. 5 is a partial schematic view of a high dam heterogeneous gravel soil blending system;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the screen apparatus with the slide closed;
FIG. 7 is a partial schematic view A of the screen apparatus with the slide closed;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the screen apparatus with the slide open;
FIG. 9 is a partial schematic view B of the sieving apparatus with the slide open;
FIG. 10 is a partial schematic view of a blade of a screening device;
figure 11 is a front view of a vane of the screening device.
Reference numbers and corresponding part names in the drawings:
1-clay stock bin, 2-gravel stock bin, 3-stirring main machine, 4-feeding conveying device, 5-finished product conveying device, 6-finished product stacking bin, 7-feeding cavity, 701-screen, 702-second rotating shaft, 703-third discharging pipe, 704-stop block, 705-second electromagnetic valve, 8-distributing cavity, 801-first rotating shaft, 802-blade, 803-sliding chute, 804-sliding block, 805-discharging hole, 806-first discharging pipe, 807-bump, 808-first electromagnet, 809-nylon cloth, 810-mass ball, 811-stop bar, 9-discharging cavity, 10-conveying device, 1001-fine aggregate collecting plate, 1002-coarse aggregate collecting plate, 11-coarse aggregate collecting box, 12-second discharging box, 13-first electromagnetic valve.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not meant to limit the present invention.
Example 1
This example 1 provides a method for blending uneven gravel soil in a high dam, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, comprising the following steps:
a method for blending uneven gravel soil materials of a high earth dam comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: mining soil materials;
step two: screening the mined soil, screening out coarse materials and fine materials, and stacking in a classified manner;
step three: transporting the coarse material and the fine material to a mixing field;
step four: detecting the water content omega and the P5 content of the coarse material and the fine material, and calculating the blending mass ratio alpha according to the water content omega and the P5 content;
step five: stirring and blending the coarse material and the fine material according to the blending mass ratio alpha to obtain a homogeneous stirred material;
step six: and conveying the obtained homogeneous stirred material to a finished product material pile storage bin.
Compared with the prior art, the mixing method has the advantages that the conventional mixing cannot achieve the effect of uniformly mixing fine materials with the thickness of less than 5mm in the soil materials, the fine materials are agglomerated, the uniform mixing cannot be achieved, and the compaction effect is influenced; specifically, before the soil material is excavated, surface soil, weeds, tree roots, garbage and other sundries in the excavation range need to be removed, the soil material is transported to each storage yard for storage, and the next procedure of construction is carried out after the soil material is accepted by a supervision engineer; then, the soil mining is started, preferably, the front shovel or the back shovel excavator is adopted for the soil mining in a layered and vertical mode, and the soil mining is carried out in a screening mode in the prior art, for example, the patent publication number is as follows: CN203878586U, with the name: a utility model of a grid bucket for quickly mixing soil; then sorting and stacking the screened qualified materials, coarse materials and fine materials with different characteristics; when blending is needed, the coarse materials and the fine materials are transported to a blending yard, the water content omega and the P5 content are detected, the blending mass proportion alpha is calculated according to the water content omega and the P5 content, at the moment, the coarse materials and the fine materials are stirred and blended according to the blending mass proportion alpha to obtain a homogeneous stirring object, finally, the obtained homogeneous stirring object is transported to a finished material stacking bin to be stacked, at the moment, the blended soil materials of the homogeneous stirring object obtained according to the blending mass proportion alpha are uniform and stable in quality.
The method is implemented as a more detailed method comprising the following steps:
1. stripping surface soil; before the soil material is excavated, surface soil, weeds, tree roots, garbage and other sundries in the excavation range are removed, the soil material is transported to each storage yard to be stocked, and the next procedure construction is carried out after the soil material is accepted by supervision engineers.
2. Excavating soil; before the soil material is mined, a test inspector performs grain composition test detection on the source material, and preliminarily judges the P5 index of the soil material in the mining material taking area so as to identify the classification of coarse materials, fine materials, qualified materials and abandoned materials of the soil material in the mining area.
The earth excavation is carried out by adopting a face shovel or a backhoe excavator in a layered vertical mining mode (earth above the excavation stop surface of the face shovel excavator and earth below the excavation stop surface of the backhoe excavator), and the layered excavation height is determined according to the effective working height of the excavating equipment and is generally 3-4 m. In order to prevent aggregate separation in the charging process, the height of the discharging hopper of the excavating equipment from the container of the dump truck is not too high, and is generally about 3 m.
3. Sieving; the method comprises the steps of adopting different mining treatment modes for useful materials and waste materials judged according to material sources, directly conveying the waste materials to a waste material stockpiling field, conveying the useful materials to a screening system to remove gravel and stone oversize stones in soil materials, and classifying and stockpiling the removed soil materials according to the useful materials with different characteristics.
4. Mechanical blending: (1) calculating a blending ratio; in order to achieve the purpose of blending the blending raw materials, the qualified materials, the coarse materials and the fine materials with different characteristics are respectively stacked in a classified manner, and meanwhile, test detection personnel detect the water content omega and the P5 content of the soil materials in the storage yard. And meanwhile, calculating the blending mass ratio alpha of the coarse material and the fine material according to the P5 index and the water content omega of the coarse material and the fine material, wherein the content of particles with the particle size of more than 5mm in the finished material is determined according to the engineering design requirement index and the test result. The calculation formula is as follows:
Figure RE-GDA0003851565750000081
in the formula: m represents the coarse material quality; m' -fine material mass; p 5 -the content of particles having a particle size greater than 5mm in the coarse fraction; p' 5 -the content of particles with a particle size greater than 5mm in the finer material; omega-moisture content of coarse material; omega' -moisture content of finer material;
Figure RE-GDA0003851565750000082
-the content of particles with a particle size greater than 5mm in the finished product.
(2) Mixing the coarse and fine materials mechanically;
1) Respectively dumping the coarse materials and the fine materials into a proportioning bin of the coarse materials and the fine materials by a loader;
2) Inputting the blending mass ratio alpha of the coarse materials and the fine materials into a mechanical blending preparation mechanical control system for the uneven gravel soil of the high earth-rock dam;
3) Opening a mechanical blending preparation machine for uneven gravel soil of the high earth-rock dam;
4) The coarse material conveying belt and the fine material conveying belt which are positioned below the proportioning bin convey the two materials into the stirring main machine 3;
5) Forcibly stirring the coarse materials and the fine materials in a continuous stirrer, and mixing the two soil materials by the rotation of double horizontal shafts to ensure that the mixture flows oppositely on the vertical surface and flows in a vortex on the horizontal surface, so as to obtain a homogeneous mixture after mixing the mixture for a short time;
6) After short-time mixing and stirring, the mixture is transmitted to a finished product material transmission belt conveyor below a stirring discharge port of a continuous stirrer;
7) Conveying the finished product mixture to a finished product material pile and storing in a bin by a finished product material conveying belt conveyor;
5. detecting a finished product material; the testing personnel test and detect the materials in the finished product material pile storage bin and determine the water content and the P5 index of the blended finished product material. Carrying out furnace returning and reworking treatment on unqualified gravel soil materials, and correcting the mixing mass ratio alpha of coarse materials and fine materials in time;
the raw materials of the mixture for filling construction in the method are core wall earth materials meeting the requirements of engineering design indexes, and the design indexes of the raw materials can be slightly adjusted according to the design indexes of each engineering. The material standards meeting the requirements of the mechanical stirring and blending process summarized by engineering practice are as follows: the maximum grain size of the raw material of the soil material is preferably not more than 150mm; in order to ensure the blending uniformity and the normal and stable blanking of the bunker, the water content of the soil material is not more than 18 percent.
Example 2
This example 2 provides a high dam heterogeneous gravel material blending system, which is further optimized based on the example 1, and as shown in fig. 4, comprises:
a clay silo 1 for stacking the relatively fine materials and a gravel silo 2 for stacking the relatively coarse materials;
a stirring main machine 3 for stirring the relatively fine materials and the relatively coarse materials;
a feeding conveying device 4 for conveying the slightly fine materials and the slightly coarse materials to the stirring main machine 3;
and the finished product material conveying device 5 is used for conveying the homogeneous stirred materials obtained by the stirring main machine 3 to the finished product material stacking bin 6.
When the finer and coarser materials are transported to a mixing field, the finer materials are equivalent to clay and are placed into a clay bin 1, the coarser materials are equivalent to gravel and are placed into a gravel bin 2, then the finer materials and the coarser materials are placed onto a feeding and conveying device 4 according to the mixing proportion and are conveyed into a stirring main machine 3 by the feeding and conveying device 4 to be stirred, so that homogeneous stirred materials are obtained, and then the homogeneous stirred materials are conveyed into a finished material stacking bin 6 by a finished material conveying device 5 to be stacked; wherein the feeding and conveying device 4 adopts a feeding belt conveyor, and the finished product conveying device 5 adopts a finished product belt conveyor.
The preparation process of the coarse and fine materials by mechanical blending comprises the following steps;
1) Respectively dumping the coarse materials and the fine materials into a proportioning bin of the coarse materials and the fine materials, namely a clay bin 1 and a gravel bin 2 by using a loader;
2) Inputting the blending mass ratio alpha of the coarse materials and the fine materials into a mechanical blending preparation mechanical control system for the uneven gravel soil of the high earth-rock dam;
3) Opening a mechanical blending preparation machine for uneven gravel soil of the high earth-rock dam;
4) The coarse material conveying belt and the fine material conveying belt which are positioned below the proportioning bin convey the two materials into the stirring main machine 3;
5) Forcibly stirring the coarse materials and the fine materials in a continuous stirrer, and mixing the two soil materials by the rotation of double horizontal shafts to ensure that the mixture flows oppositely in the vertical plane and swirls in the horizontal plane, and mixing the mixture for a short time to obtain a homogeneous mixture;
6) After short-time mixing and blending, the mixture is transmitted to a finished product material transmission belt conveyor below a mixing discharge port of a continuous mixer;
7) Conveying the finished product mixture to a finished product material pile and storing in a bin by a finished product material conveying belt conveyor;
the principle mainly comprises the following steps: the stable soil mixing equipment used for production at home at present is used as mechanical stirring equipment to complete the mechanical stirring and mixing of natural and uneven soil materials in the earth-rock dam engineering. The stabilized soil mixing equipment adopts WCB series stabilized soil plant mixing equipment. The stirring main machine 3 adopts a forced stirring mode without lining plates and double horizontal shafts, the stirring action is realized by the rotation action of the double horizontal shafts, the opposite flow of the mixture in the vertical plane and the vortex flow in the horizontal plane, and the homogeneous mixture can be obtained in a short time. The mixing proportion of the uneven gravel soil is accurately controlled by a computer in a control room to control a metering belt motor frequency converter and the like arranged at the outlet of the storage bin so as to realize the weight and the mixing proportion of the materials. During construction, uneven gravel and soil materials are respectively discharged from a storage bin, the mixing proportion of coarse materials/gravel materials and fine materials/clay materials is controlled through a control chamber, and the materials are conveyed into a stirring main machine 3 through a feeding belt to be uniformly mixed and then directly output qualified materials.
Example 3
This example 3 was further optimized on the basis of example 2, providing a screening device, as shown in fig. 5 to 11;
the discharge ports of the clay bin 1 and the gravel bin 2 are respectively provided with a screening device, the clay bin 1 and the gravel bin 2 both convey relatively fine materials and relatively coarse materials to a conveying device 10 through the screening devices, and the conveying device 10 is used for conveying the relatively fine materials and the relatively coarse materials to a feeding conveying device 4; the screening device comprises a feeding cavity 7, a distributing cavity 8 and a discharging cavity 9 which are sequentially communicated from top to bottom, a screen 701 is arranged in the feeding cavity 7, a first rotating shaft 801 is arranged in the middle of the distributing cavity 8, the first rotating shaft 801 is transversely arranged and uniformly provided with a plurality of blades 802, and the blades 802 can rotate around the axis of the first rotating shaft 801; the end of the vane 802 away from the first rotating shaft 801 is bent towards the direction of reversal of the vane 802; the fine materials screened out by the screen 701 can fall into a storage space between two adjacent blades 802; a sliding groove 803 is vertically arranged on the side wall of the material distribution cavity 8, a sliding block 804 is connected in the sliding groove 803 in a sliding manner, a discharging hole 805 is formed in the middle of the sliding block 804, a first discharging pipe 806 is arranged on the outer side of the material distribution cavity 8, and the sliding block 804 slides up and down and is used for sealing or communicating the first discharging pipe 806; a bump 807 is arranged below the end part of the inner side of the discharge hole 805, first electromagnets 808 are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the chute 803, and the magnetism of the first electromagnets 808 is variable;
the first electromagnet 808 is used for attracting or repelling the sliding block 804, when the first electromagnet 808 repels the sliding block 804, the lug 807 can enter the rotating area of the blade 802, and the blade 802 is used for driving the lug 807 to be separated from the rotating area of the blade 802; when the first electromagnet 808 below the chute 803 sucks the slider 804, the discharge hole 805 is communicated with the first discharge pipe 806; the blades 802 rotate forwards, and fine aggregates between adjacent blades 802 fall onto a fine aggregate collecting plate 1001 on the conveying device 10 from the discharging cavity 9; the blades 802 are reversed, and fine aggregate between the adjacent blades 802 falls into the discharge holes 805; the fine aggregate collecting plate 1001 and the screen 701 are both provided with a weighing sensor.
In the clay bin 1 and the gravel bin 2 in this embodiment, in the actual sieving and removing process to the storage stage, the fine aggregates in the clay bin 1 still contain a small amount of coarse aggregates, and the coarse aggregates in the gravel bin 2 also contain a small amount of fine aggregates, so that when the blending mass ratio α is set, in order to further improve the blending precision and reduce the number of times of rework treatment for returning to the furnace, thereby improving the blending efficiency and improving the automatic production, the coarse aggregates and the fine aggregates also need to be further sieved, in order to achieve the above purpose, a sieving device is arranged in the clay bin 1, and due to different water contents in the coarse aggregates and the fine aggregates, fine aggregates with a particle size of less than 5mm and coarse aggregates with a particle size of more than 5mm, which are needed in the fine aggregates, and fine aggregates with a particle size of less than 5mm and coarse aggregates with a particle size of more than 5mm, which are needed in the coarse aggregates, respectively need to be obtained; specifically, the screening device comprises a feeding cavity 7, a distributing cavity 8 and a discharging cavity 9 which are sequentially communicated from top to bottom, wherein the feeding cavity 7 is used for receiving aggregate conveyed by an upper bin, a screen 701 is arranged in the feeding cavity 7, the screen 701 has a screen hole of 5mm, and fine aggregate smaller than 5mm falls from the screen 701 and enters the distributing cavity 8; further, a first rotating shaft 801 is arranged in the material distribution cavity 8, the first rotating shaft 801 is transversely arranged, so that the blades 802 horizontally rotate, and the aggregates can fall into a storage space between the adjacent blades 802, wherein the size of an outlet at the lowest part of the feeding cavity 7 is required to be smaller than the rotating diameter of the blades 802 and is positioned right above the blades 802, so that the aggregates can only fall into the storage space; with the clockwise forward rotation of the blades 802, the aggregates in the storage space gradually fall into the discharging cavity 9 downwards and fall onto the fine aggregate collecting plate 1001 on the conveying device 10 from the discharging cavity 9, when a weighing sensor on the fine aggregate collecting plate 1001 reaches a set threshold value, the forward rotation of the blades 802 is stopped, and the coarse aggregates are continuously screened out from the screen 701, so that the fine aggregate collecting plate 1001 is not blanked any more, and the blades 802 are controlled to rotate reversely; the side wall of the material distribution cavity 8 is provided with a sliding groove 803 and a sliding block 804, so that the sliding block 804 can slide vertically, the side wall of the material distribution cavity 8 is also provided with a first material outlet pipe 806, wherein the first material outlet pipe 806 is just positioned at the middle position in the sliding groove 803, the middle position of the sliding block 804 is also provided with a material outlet hole 805, and at the moment, in the process that the sliding block 804 slides up and down, the sliding block 804 can seal the first material outlet pipe 806 or enable the first material outlet pipe 806 to be communicated with the material outlet hole 805; wherein, a bump 807 is arranged at the lower end position of the inner side of the discharging hole 805, and the bump 807 extends towards the interior of the material distributing cavity 8; the upper end and the lower end of the sliding chute 803 are both provided with a first electromagnet 808 which can attract or repel the sliding block 804, when in an initial position, the sliding block 804 is adsorbed on the first electromagnet 808 at the upper end of the sliding chute 803, at the moment, the sliding block 804 seals the first discharging hole 805, when the blade 802 rotates reversely, the first electromagnet 808 generates repulsive force to repel the sliding block 804 downwards and enable the sliding block 804 to slide downwards and enable the lug 807 to enter a rotating area of the blade 802, when the blade 802 rotates reversely, the end part of the blade 802 can strike the lug 807 downwards and drive the lug 807 to slide downwards until the lug 807 is separated from the rotating area of the blade 802, at the moment, the first electromagnet 808 at the lower end of the sliding block 804 is close to the sliding block 804 and generates attractive force to adsorb the sliding block 804, and at the moment, the discharging hole 805 is just communicated with the first discharging pipe 806; because the outer end of the blade 802 is bent towards the direction of the blade 802, the blade 802 can bring the aggregate in the storage space to rotate reversely at the moment, and because the bump 807 has a certain length, the aggregate in the storage space can fall downwards when rotating to the side close to the slide block 804, and can fall into the discharge hole 805 due to the blocking of the bump 807, so as to enter the first discharge pipe 806; the outer layer of the bump 807 is wrapped with a rubber pad to avoid damage; when the weight of the screen 701 reaches a set threshold value, the blade 802 is stopped to rotate reversely at the moment, the blade 802 rotates forwards, the first electromagnet 808 at the lower end of the sliding groove 803 generates repulsive force, so that the sliding block 804 moves upwards, the bump 807 enters a rotating area of the blade 802, the blade 802 can upwards strike the sliding block 804, the sliding block 804 moves upwards and is separated from the rotating area, and the first electromagnet 808 at the upper end of the sliding groove 803 adsorbs the sliding block 804, so that the sliding block 804 is fixed, and the sliding block 804 seals the first discharge pipe 806.
In this embodiment, the blades 802 are reversed, and when any one of the blades 802 leaves the protrusion 807, the back side of the blade 802 is gradually curved downward; wherein, the distance between the adjacent blades 802 has a certain limit, and the distance between the bump 807 and the rotating area of the blade 802 is millimeter distance; when the end of one of the blades 802 is located above the end of the projection 807 and is to leave the projection 807, as shown in fig. 7, the rear arc surfaces of the blades 802 are all bent downward, so that the aggregate in the storage space can fall into the discharge hole 805;
in this embodiment, two ends of the back side of any of the blades 802 are provided with stop bars 811; for preventing the aggregates in the storage space from falling out from both sides of the blades 802 as shown in fig. 10.
In this embodiment, nylon cloth 809 is arranged between two adjacent blades 802, two ends of the nylon cloth 809 are respectively connected with the middle parts of the side surfaces of the two blades 802, the middle part of the nylon cloth 809 is provided with a mass ball 810, the mass ball 810 is arranged at the inner side surface which is close to the inward bending of the blades 802, and the mass ball 810 is used for driving the nylon cloth 809 to be concave inwards or convex outwards in the storage space; in order to make the aggregate in the storage space fall out smoothly, in the scheme, nylon cloth 809 is arranged between two adjacent blades 802, wherein one end of the nylon cloth 809 is connected with the middle position of the back side of one blade 802, and the other end of the nylon cloth 809 is connected with the middle position of the inner side of the other blade 802; the nylon cloth 809 is also provided with a mass ball 810, at the moment, when the opening of the storage space faces upwards, the mass ball 810 drives the middle part of the nylon cloth 809 to be concave inwards, and the aggregate falls into the nylon cloth 809, and when the opening of the storage space faces downwards gradually, the mass ball 810 can drive the middle part of the nylon cloth 809 to be convex outwards and discharge the internal aggregate; the mass ball 810 should be arranged on the inner side surface close to the other blade 802, and at the moment, when the blade 802 rotates reversely, the nylon cloth 809 can be rapidly driven to be turned out in advance, so that the aggregate can be conveniently discharged.
In this embodiment, the end of the first discharge pipe 806 remote from the distribution chamber 8 is connected to a storage tank 11, the storage tank 11 is connected to the discharge chamber 9 via a second discharge pipe 12, and the second discharge pipe 12 is provided with a first solenoid valve 13; for collecting and storing the fine aggregate that the screening was gone out, in this scheme, be connected with storage box 11 at the first discharging pipe 806 other end, storage box 11 is convenient for save the discharged fine aggregate of first discharging pipe 806, and wherein storage box 11 still is connected with ejection of compact chamber 9 through second discharging pipe 12 to be equipped with first solenoid valve 13, the accessible is opened first solenoid valve 13, supplyes the fine aggregate in the ejection of compact chamber 9.
In this embodiment, the feeding cavity 7 is a cylinder transversely arranged, a second rotating shaft 702 coaxially arranged with the feeding cavity 7 is arranged in the feeding cavity 7, and the second rotating shaft 702 is connected with the screen 701 and is used for driving the screen 701 to rotate around its axis; two ends of the screen 701 are respectively connected with the inner side surface of the feeding cavity 7 in a sliding manner; a third discharge pipe 703 is arranged on one side of the feeding cavity 7, and the third discharge pipe 703 is used for conveying coarse aggregates to a coarse aggregate collecting plate 1002 on the conveying device 10; the baffle blocks 704 are arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the screen 701 on the other side of the feeding cavity 7, and the baffle blocks 704 arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the screen 701 are second electromagnets used for adsorbing the screen 701; when the second electromagnetic adsorption is performed on one end of the screen 701, the third discharge pipe 703 is located above the other end of the screen 701; the third discharge pipe 703 is provided with a second electromagnetic valve 705; in order to optimize the screen 701 and screen out coarse aggregate which is needed by people, in the scheme, the feeding cavity 7 is in a transversely arranged cylindrical shape, a second rotating shaft 702 is arranged at the axis position of the feeding cavity 7, the second rotating shaft 702 is connected with the screening and can drive the screen 701 to rotate, the end parts of two ends of the screen 701 are in sliding connection with the inner side of the feeding cavity 7, the upper side and the lower side of the other end of the screen 701 are respectively provided with a stop block 704, the second rotating shaft 702 rotates forwards and backwards alternately, and the screen 701 rotates forwards and backwards under the blocking of the stop blocks 704, so that the screening purpose is achieved; and at the other end of the screen cloth 701, the lateral wall of the feeding cavity 7 is also provided with a third discharging pipe 703, and the stopper 704 located above one end of the screen cloth 701 is a second electromagnet, when coarse aggregates on the screen cloth 701 need to be discharged, the second electromagnet can adsorb the screen cloth 701 at the moment, the screen cloth 701 is inclined at the moment, the pipe orifice of the third discharging pipe 703 is just located above one end of the screen cloth 701, the second electromagnetic valve 705 on the third discharging pipe 703 is opened at the moment, the coarse aggregates can be discharged, and the coarse aggregates fall onto the coarse aggregate collecting plate 1002 on the conveying device 10.
In this embodiment, a screening method is further provided, which includes the following steps:
s1: opening the discharge ports of the clay bin 1 and the gravel bin 2, and continuously feeding materials into the feeding cavity 7;
s2: controlling the first rotating shaft 801 to rotate forwards and controlling the second rotating shaft 702 to rotate forwards and backwards, so that coarse aggregates are left on the screen 701, and fine aggregates fall into the storage spaces of two adjacent blades 802 from the screen 701;
s3: when the weight weighed by a weighing sensor on the fine aggregate collecting plate 1001 reaches a set threshold value, controlling the first rotating shaft 801 to rotate reversely, controlling the first electromagnet 808 at the upper end of the chute 803 to generate repulsive force, and controlling the first electromagnet 808 at the lower end of the chute 803 to generate attractive force;
s4: at the moment, a weighing sensor on the screen 701 (701) starts to work, whether the maximum weight reaches a set threshold value within a certain time is judged, if the maximum weight does not reach the set threshold value, feeding is continued to the screen 701, and if the maximum weight reaches or exceeds the set threshold value, feeding is stopped;
s5: after the feeding is stopped, the second electromagnet adsorption screen 701 is controlled to stop the rotation of the second rotating shaft 702, the second electromagnetic valve 705 is opened, and the coarse aggregate is input to the coarse aggregate collecting plate 1002.
In this embodiment, in actual operation, the specific working steps are as follows: firstly, opening discharge ports of a clay bin 1 and a gravel bin 2, continuously feeding materials to a feeding cavity 7, then controlling a second rotating shaft 702 to rotate forwards and backwards, enabling a screen 701 to screen fine aggregates and coarse aggregates, controlling a first rotating shaft 801 to rotate forwards, enabling the fine aggregates to fall into a storage space between two blades 802, enabling the fine aggregates to fall into a discharging cavity 9 from the storage space, and finally falling onto a fine aggregate collecting plate 1001, when a weighing sensor on the fine aggregate collecting plate 1001 reaches a set threshold value, controlling the first rotating shaft 801 to rotate backwards, controlling a first electromagnet 808 at the upper end of a sliding chute 803 to generate repulsive force, controlling a first electromagnet 808 at the lower end to generate attractive force, enabling the screened fine aggregates to enter a storage box 11, and meanwhile, controlling a weighing sensor on the screen 701 to start working by a controller, and judging whether the maximum weight of the weighing sensor reaches the set threshold value within a certain time, wherein the screen 701 can incline upwards and downwards, and the weighed weight of the weighing sensor is a definite value and is also called a maximum value when the screen 701 is horizontal; therefore, if the maximum value does not reach the set threshold value, feeding is continued to the screen 701, and when the maximum value reaches or exceeds the set threshold value for a certain time, feeding is stopped, the electromagnet is controlled to adsorb the screen 701, the rotation of the second rotating shaft 702 is stopped, and then the electromagnetic valve is opened, so that the coarse aggregate is conveyed to the coarse aggregate collecting plate 1002; further, a weighing sensor is also arranged on the coarse aggregate collecting plate 1002, and when the weighing sensor on the coarse aggregate collecting plate 1002 reaches a set threshold value, the second electromagnetic valve 705 is closed, so that a small amount of residual coarse aggregate is left on the screen 701 to wait for the next work.
Example 4
This embodiment 4 provides a specific implementation manner, which is applied to dam engineering of a certain hydropower station.
The long river dam hydropower station is a 10 th-level hydropower station developed by major river main flow hydropower cascade, and the distance between the upper part of a dam and the city in Danba county is 82km, the lower part of the dam and the city in Luding county is 49km, and the distance between the upper part of the dam and the river is about 360km in a section below the gold soup river mouth at the upstream of the major river at an engineering region.
1690m below the normal storage level of the reservoir and 10.15 hundred million m below the normal storage level 3 Total storage capacity of 10.75 hundred million m 3 . Adjusting the storage capacity to 4.15 hundred million m 3 The system has seasonal adjustment capacity, and the total installed capacity of a power station is 2600MW.
The river-blocking dam is a gravelly soil vertical core-wall rock-fill dam, the maximum dam height is 240m, the dam crest elevation is 1697.00m, the maximum dam height is 240m, the dam crest length is 502.85m, and the upstream and downstream dam slopes are both 1:2, the width of the dam crest is 16m. Elevation 1696.40m of the heart wall top, width of the top 6m, and slopes on the heart wall and downstream are both 1:0.25, base height 1457.00m, and base width 125.70m.
Dam gravel soil core wallThe seepage material is 428.32 ten thousand meters 3 High plasticity soil material 22.1 ten thousand meters 3 Total soil mass of 450.42 ten thousand meters 3 . The filter material 1 is about 48.52 ten thousand meters 3 The filter material 2 is about 45.47 ten thousand meters 3 The filter material 3 is about 63.36 ten thousand meters 3 The filter material 4 is about 8.88 ten thousand meters 3 The total amount of the filter material is about 166.23 ten thousand meters 3 . The upstream transition material is about 124.88 ten thousand meters 3 The downstream transition material is about 119.29 ten thousand meters 3 The total amount of transition material is about 244.17 ten thousand meters 3 . The upstream rockfill material is about 1101.22 ten thousand meters 3 The downstream rockfill is about 1215.72 ten thousand meters 3 The total rockfill material is about 2316.94 ten thousand meters 3 . The total amount of the dam shell material is 2727 ten thousand meters 3 The total filling soil and stone amount of the dam body is about 3417.75 ten thousand meters 3 (including ballast and revetment).
The project start time is 11 months and 1 day in 2010, and the contract completion time is 4 months and 30 days in 2018. The WCB600 type uneven gravel soil mixing mechanical equipment developed by five companies of hydropower company is used for filling of dam projects of long-river dams, is used for construction of uneven gravel soil mixing in the project filling process, can ensure even mixing and continuous feeding of uneven gravel soil, effectively ensures filling quality and construction progress of core walls, is mature and stable in a high-earth dam uneven gravel soil mechanical mixing preparation construction method, is high in construction efficiency of uneven gravel soil mechanical mixing preparation machinery, and is fast and stable in quality of mixed finished earth materials. The mechanical blending preparation construction method for the high-soil-stone uneven gravel soil material plays a key role in ensuring the blending quality and strength of the gravel soil, saving energy, reducing emission and the like.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The uneven gravel soil mixing method for the high earth dam is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: mining soil materials;
step two: screening the mined soil, screening out coarse materials and fine materials, and stacking in a classified manner;
step three: transporting the coarse materials and the fine materials to a mixing field;
step four: detecting the water content omega and the P5 content of the coarse material and the fine material, and calculating the blending mass ratio alpha according to the water content omega and the P5 content;
step five: stirring and blending the coarse material and the fine material according to the blending mass ratio alpha to obtain a homogeneous stirred material;
step six: and conveying the obtained homogeneous stirred material to a finished product material pile storage bin.
2. The method for blending uneven gravel soil of the high earth dam as claimed in claim 1, wherein the formula of the blending mass ratio α is:
Figure FDA0003787140410000011
in the formula: m represents the mass of coarse materials; m' -mass of fines; p is 5 -the content of particles having a size greater than 5mm in the coarse fraction; p is 5 ' -the content of particles having a particle size of more than 5mm in the finer; omega-moisture content of coarse material; omega' -moisture content of finer material;
Figure FDA0003787140410000012
-the content of particles with a particle size greater than 5mm in the finished product.
3. A high dam heterogeneous gravel-soil blending system, comprising:
a clay bin (1) for stacking relatively fine materials and a gravel bin (2) for stacking relatively coarse materials;
a stirring main machine (3) for stirring the slightly fine materials and the slightly coarse materials;
a feeding and conveying device (4) for conveying the slightly fine materials and the slightly coarse materials to the stirring main machine (3);
a finished product material conveying device (5) for conveying the homogeneous stirred material obtained by the stirring main machine (3) to a finished product material stacking bin (6);
the blending system adopts the blending method of any one of claims 1 to 3.
4. The uneven gravel-soil blending system for the high earth dam according to the claim 3 is characterized in that the discharge ports of the clay bin (1) and the gravel bin are provided with screening devices, the clay bin (1) and the gravel bin are used for conveying the finer materials and the coarser materials to the conveying device (10) through the screening devices, and the conveying device (10) is used for conveying the finer materials and the coarser materials to the feeding conveying device (4); the screening device comprises a feeding cavity (7), a distributing cavity (8) and a discharging cavity (9) which are sequentially communicated from top to bottom, a screen (701) is arranged in the feeding cavity (7), a first rotating shaft (801) is arranged in the middle of the distributing cavity (8), the first rotating shaft (801) is transversely arranged and uniformly distributed with a plurality of blades (802), and the blades (802) can rotate around the axis of the first rotating shaft (801); the end of the blade (802) far away from the first rotating shaft (801) is bent towards the direction of reversal of the blade (802); the fine materials screened out by the screen (701) can fall into a storage space between two adjacent blades (802); a sliding groove (803) is vertically formed in the side wall of the material distribution cavity (8), a sliding block (804) is connected in the sliding groove (803) in a sliding mode, a discharging hole (805) is formed in the middle of the sliding block (804), a first discharging pipe (806) is arranged on the outer side of the material distribution cavity (8), and the sliding block (804) slides up and down and is used for sealing or communicating the first discharging pipe (806); a bump (807) is arranged below the end part of the inner side of the discharging hole (805), first electromagnets (808) are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the sliding chute (803), and the magnetism of the first electromagnets (808) is variable;
the first electromagnet (808) is used for attracting or repelling the sliding block (804), when the first electromagnet (808) repels the sliding block (804), the lug (807) can enter the rotating area of the blade (802), and the blade (802) is used for driving the lug (807) to be separated from the rotating area of the blade (802); when the first electromagnet (808) below the sliding chute (803) sucks the sliding block (804), the discharge hole (805) is communicated with the first discharge pipe (806); the blades (802) rotate forwards, and fine aggregates between adjacent blades (802) fall onto a fine aggregate collecting plate (1001) on the conveying device (10) from the discharging cavity (9); the blades (802) are reversed, and fine aggregate between adjacent blades (802) falls into the discharge hole (805); and weighing sensors are arranged on the fine aggregate collecting plate (1001) and the screen (701).
5. The uneven gravel material blending system of claim 4, wherein the blades (802) are inverted and the back side of any blade (802) is gradually curved downward when the blade (802) leaves the bump (807).
6. The uneven gravel-soil blending system for high dams of claim 4, wherein the two ends of the back side of any of said blades (802) are equipped with stop bars (811).
7. The uneven gravel and soil mixing system for the high earth dam as claimed in claim 4, wherein nylon cloth (809) is arranged between two adjacent blades (802), two ends of the nylon cloth (809) are respectively connected with the middle parts of the side surfaces of the two blades (802), the middle part of the nylon cloth (809) is provided with a mass ball (810), the mass ball (810) is arranged on the inner side surface which is close to the inward bending of the blades (802), and the mass ball (810) is used for driving the nylon cloth (809) to inwards sink or outwards protrude in the storage space.
8. The uneven gravel and soil mixing system for the high earth dam as recited in claim 4, characterized in that the end of the first discharging pipe (806) far away from the distributing cavity (8) is connected with a storage box (11), the storage box (11) is communicated with the discharging cavity (9) through a second discharging pipe (12), and the second discharging pipe (12) is provided with a first solenoid valve (13).
9. The uneven gravel and soil mixing system for the high dam as recited in claim 4, wherein the feeding cavity (7) is in a shape of a cylinder transversely arranged, a second rotating shaft (702) coaxially arranged with the feeding cavity (7) is arranged in the feeding cavity (7), and the second rotating shaft (702) is connected with the screen (701) and is used for driving the screen (701) to rotate around the axis of the second rotating shaft; two ends of the screen (701) are respectively connected with the inner side surface of the feeding cavity (7) in a sliding manner; one side of the feeding cavity (7) is provided with a third discharging pipe (703), and the third discharging pipe (703) is used for conveying coarse aggregates to a coarse aggregate collecting plate (1002) on the conveying device (10); the baffle plate is positioned at the other side of the feeding cavity (7), the upper part and the lower part of the screen (701) are respectively provided with a baffle block (704), the baffle block (704) positioned above the screen (701) is a second electromagnet, and the second electromagnet is used for adsorbing the screen (701); when the second electromagnetic adsorption is performed on one end of the screen (701), the third discharge pipe (703) is positioned above the other end of the screen (701); the third discharge pipe (703) is provided with a second solenoid valve (705).
10. A screening method, characterized in that it is implemented by means of the screening device of claim 9, comprising the following steps:
s1: opening discharge ports of the clay bin (1) and the gravel bin (2), and continuously feeding materials into the feeding cavity (7);
s2: controlling the first rotating shaft (801) to rotate forwards and controlling the second rotating shaft (702) to rotate forwards and backwards, so that coarse aggregate is left on the screen (701), and fine aggregate falls into the storage space of two adjacent blades (802) from the screen (701);
s3: when the weight weighed by a weighing sensor on the fine aggregate collecting plate (1001) reaches a set threshold value, controlling a first rotating shaft (801) to rotate reversely, controlling a first electromagnet (808) at the upper end of a chute (803) to generate repulsive force, and controlling a first electromagnet (808) at the lower end of the chute (803) to generate attractive force;
s4: at the moment, a weighing sensor on the screen (701) starts to work, whether the maximum weight reaches a set threshold value within a certain time is judged, if the maximum weight does not reach the set threshold value, feeding is continued to the screen, and if the maximum weight reaches or exceeds the set threshold value, feeding is stopped;
s5: after the feeding is stopped, the second electromagnet adsorption screen (701) is controlled at the moment, the second rotating shaft (702) is stopped to rotate, the second electromagnetic valve (705) is opened, and coarse aggregates are input to the coarse aggregate collecting plate (1002).
CN202210945177.3A 2022-08-08 2022-08-08 High-earth dam uneven gravel-earth material mixing system and screening method Active CN115301103B (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB655644A (en) * 1948-08-04 1951-07-25 Arthur Christian Avril Improvements in or relating to apparatus for mixing uniformly measured quantities ofseparate bulk materials
CN101831890A (en) * 2010-05-25 2010-09-15 葛洲坝集团第五工程有限公司 Blending construction method of blended gravelly soil for dam watertight core
CN102152400A (en) * 2011-01-28 2011-08-17 葛洲坝集团试验检测有限公司 Continuous mixing system for preparing impervious soil and control method
CN105082351A (en) * 2015-07-08 2015-11-25 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 Production method of gravelly soil

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB655644A (en) * 1948-08-04 1951-07-25 Arthur Christian Avril Improvements in or relating to apparatus for mixing uniformly measured quantities ofseparate bulk materials
CN101831890A (en) * 2010-05-25 2010-09-15 葛洲坝集团第五工程有限公司 Blending construction method of blended gravelly soil for dam watertight core
CN102152400A (en) * 2011-01-28 2011-08-17 葛洲坝集团试验检测有限公司 Continuous mixing system for preparing impervious soil and control method
CN105082351A (en) * 2015-07-08 2015-11-25 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 Production method of gravelly soil

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