CN115299631A - Method for improving tobacco quality - Google Patents
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- CN115299631A CN115299631A CN202210987266.4A CN202210987266A CN115299631A CN 115299631 A CN115299631 A CN 115299631A CN 202210987266 A CN202210987266 A CN 202210987266A CN 115299631 A CN115299631 A CN 115299631A
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- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 140
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 140
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 34
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000001953 sensory effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 206010013911 Dysgeusia Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 235000019505 tobacco product Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241001270131 Agaricus moelleri Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007794 irritation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006418 Brown reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000005156 Dehydration Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021466 carotenoid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001747 carotenoids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930002697 labdane diterpene Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000001761 labdane diterpenoid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- -1 melanoidins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
- A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
- A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
- A24B15/20—Biochemical treatment
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
- A24B3/04—Humidifying or drying tobacco bunches or cut tobacco
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
- A24B3/10—Roasting or cooling tobacco
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B7/00—Cutting tobacco
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Tobacco Products (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for improving the quality of tobacco, belonging to the technical field of tobacco processing. The method for improving the tobacco quality comprises the following steps: processing the tobacco material with the water content of more than 10% at a set temperature in a gas environment and under the condition of being higher than normal pressure, and recovering to the normal pressure after processing; the set gas consists of oxygen and non-oxidizing gas, wherein the partial pressure of the oxygen accounts for 0-50% of the total pressure, and the partial pressure of the non-oxidizing gas accounts for 50-100% of the total pressure; the temperature of the treatment is 20-150 ℃. According to the method for improving the tobacco quality, on the basis that the traditional tobacco treatment only relates to temperature and moisture content, the production factors of pressure and oxidation atmosphere are expanded, the pressure-adjustable characteristic of set gas is utilized, the oxygen content in the set gas is controlled, and the directional regulation and control capability of the tobacco endogenous browning reaction is effectively improved, so that the aim of improving the quality of middle-low quality tobacco is fulfilled.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tobacco processing, and particularly relates to a method for improving tobacco quality.
Background
The tobacco raw materials have different quality differences inevitably due to different varieties, soils, climates and cultivation measures, and even have obvious quality defects of light and thin aroma, heavy miscellaneous gas, poor comfort and the like. For cigarette industry enterprises, the quality defect tobacco occupies the raw material purchasing index, is difficult to use in cigarette products, and becomes a heavy burden. The method has important value and significance for improving the quality of the medium-low quality tobacco.
The content of endogenous ingredients and their relative proportions are the main factors determining the quality of tobacco. Carotenoids, melanoidins, labdanes and browning reaction products are the main flavor components of tobacco class 4. Wherein, the browning reaction product is not only influenced by the contents and proportions of the components such as endogenous sugar, nitrogen and the like of the tobacco, but also influenced by the factors such as the temperature, the water content and the like in the processing process. Important processing parameters are adjusted, and on the premise that main endogenous components of the tobacco are not changed greatly, brown reaction products can be changed, so that the quality of the tobacco is obviously influenced. Other flavors change to a much lesser degree during processing than do browned reaction products. Therefore, the method has great potential and space for improving the quality of the medium-quality and low-quality tobacco based on the browning reaction regulation and control technology.
The temperature and the water content are main regulating and controlling factors in production practices such as tobacco modulation, alcoholization, processing and the like, and the tobacco industry respectively formulates corresponding process specifications and defines the temperature and water content intervals of corresponding procedures.
Some researchers make appropriate improvements and adjustments based on the traditional process aiming at the tobacco processing treatment with defective quality or improving the quality requirement. For example, chinese patent No. CN103315375B discloses a redrying method for improving the quality of redried strips, which improves the quality by reducing the redrying temperature and the mesh belt speed for conveying tobacco materials, i.e. so-called "low-temperature slow-baking". The Chinese patent with the invention publication number CN103300465B discloses a processing and treating process for low-quality flue-cured tobacco leaves, and particularly the treating time of a baking dryer is 10-12 minutes, which is about 5 minutes higher than that of the conventional baking treatment. The technology mainly achieves the purpose of improving the tobacco quality by prolonging the tobacco wet heat treatment time, but because the regulation and control factors do not exceed the traditional temperature and water content, the treatment time is prolonged, the kinetic difference of the endogenous browning reaction of the tobacco is mainly amplified, the thermodynamic path of the browning reaction is difficult to regulate and control, and the quality improvement degree space is limited. The Chinese patent application with publication number CN110786541A discloses a method for removing miscellaneous gas and improving tobacco leaf quality by using a negative pressure regulation method, wherein the tobacco leaves are treated under the conditions of vacuum degree of 0.010-0.098MPa and treatment time of 2-60 minutes, so that the miscellaneous gas of the tobacco leaves can be well removed. Therefore, the development of a technical scheme for meeting the requirements of large-scale and intensive production of cigarette industry and comprehensively improving the quality of the medium-quality and low-quality tobacco becomes a technical problem to be solved urgently in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for improving the quality of tobacco, which can comprehensively improve the aroma index and the sensory evaluation indexes such as comfort (stimulation, dryness, aftertaste) of a tobacco raw material.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for improving the quality of tobacco comprises the following steps: processing the tobacco material with the water content of more than 10% at a set temperature in a gas environment and under the condition of higher than normal pressure, and recovering to the normal pressure after processing; the set gas consists of oxygen and non-oxidizing gas, wherein the partial pressure of the oxygen accounts for 0-50% of the total pressure, and the partial pressure of the non-oxidizing gas accounts for 50-100% of the total pressure; the temperature of the treatment is 20-150 ℃.
According to the method for improving the tobacco quality, on the basis that the traditional tobacco treatment only relates to temperature and moisture content, the pressure and oxidation atmosphere factors are expanded, the pressure-adjustable characteristic of the set gas is utilized, the oxygen content in the set gas is controlled, and the directional regulation and control capability of the tobacco endogenous browning reaction is effectively improved, so that the aim of improving the quality of middle-low quality tobacco is fulfilled.
The method of the invention not only can improve the quality of the tobacco after the alcoholization in the warehouse, but also can improve the sensory index of the tobacco after the redrying.
Further, the partial pressure of the non-oxidizing gas is 75% to 100% of the total pressure.
Further, the setting gas is air, or the non-oxidizing gas is one or any combination of nitrogen, carbon dioxide, hydrogen and helium. The gas used in the invention is not only easy to obtain, but also has proper price.
Further, the non-oxidizing gas is nitrogen and/or carbon dioxide. Still further, the non-oxidizing gas is nitrogen.
Further, the oxygen has no peculiar smell, and the purity of the oxygen is not lower than 90%.
Further, the non-oxidizing gas is free from extraneous odor and has a purity of not less than 90%.
Further, the setting gas is compressed air.
Further, the compressed air refers to gas which is compressed by external force and has pressure higher than 0.1 MPa.
Furthermore, the compressed air is dehydrated without peculiar smell.
Further, the above normal pressure is not more than 10.0MPa. Furthermore, the pressure higher than the normal pressure is 0.2-6.0 MPa. Furthermore, the pressure higher than the normal pressure is 0.3 to 1.5MPa.
Further, the water content is 10% -50%. Further, the water content is 12% to 40%.
Further, the temperature of the treatment is 40-100 ℃. The invention has mild processing conditions such as pressure, temperature and the like, and is easy to be applied in the industrial production of cigarettes.
Further, the treatment time is 1 to 120 minutes. Further, the time of the treatment is 5 to 90 minutes.
Further, the treatment is carried out in a closed vessel.
Further, before the tobacco material with the water content of more than 10% is treated under the condition of the set gas environment and higher than the normal pressure, the air in the closed container is evacuated by the set gas.
Further, the reaction kettle is preheated before the tobacco material with the water content of more than 10 percent is treated under the set gas environment and the condition of higher than normal pressure.
Further, the tobacco material is one or any combination of tobacco, sheet tobacco, cut tobacco, short stems, stem pieces, stem shreds and reconstituted tobacco.
Furthermore, for the fen-flavor tobacco material, the water content is controlled to be not more than 20%, the partial pressure of the non-oxidizing gas in the set gas accounts for 80-100% of the total pressure, the total pressure is not lower than 0.6MPa, the processing temperature is 30-60 ℃, and the processing time is more than 30 minutes. The faint scent tobacco material includes tobacco produced in Yunnan universe, west Sichuan province and Fujian province.
Further, for the strong aromatic tobacco material, the water content is controlled to be more than 18%, the partial pressure of the non-oxidizing gas in the set gas accounts for 50-79% of the total pressure, the total pressure is not lower than 0.2MPa, the processing temperature is 40-150 ℃, and the processing time is 5-30 minutes. The strong aromatic tobacco material comprises tobacco produced in the whole world of Henan and the southern Hunan, shandong, anhui, guangdong, guangxi and other production areas.
Further, for the middle-flavor tobacco material, the water content is controlled to be between 15% and 30%, the partial pressure of non-oxidizing gas in the set gas accounts for 70% to 100% of the total pressure, the total pressure is not lower than 0.4MPa, the processing temperature is 40 ℃ to 100 ℃, and the processing time is 5 minutes to 30 minutes. The middle-flavor tobacco material comprises tobacco produced in other production areas besides fresh flavor type and strong flavor type in China.
Further, for tobacco stems, the water content is controlled to be not less than 30%, the partial pressure of non-oxidizing gas in the set gas accounts for 50-79% of the total pressure, the total pressure is not less than 0.8MPa, the treatment temperature is 60-150 ℃, and the treatment time is 5-30 minutes.
Further, after the tobacco material with the water content of more than 10% is treated under the condition of a set gas environment and higher than normal pressure, the tobacco material is dried, and a tobacco sample with the water content of 11% -13% is obtained.
A large number of browning reaction model experiments show that factors such as temperature, moisture, pH, pressure, and oxidizing atmosphere have a significant effect on the reaction product. On the basis of the temperature and the moisture content related to the traditional tobacco processing treatment, the method combines the actual production situation, increases 4 factors for regulating and controlling the endogenous browning reaction of the tobacco, obviously increases the process regulating and controlling factors and the horizontal combination quantity, effectively improves the directional regulating and controlling capability of the endogenous browning reaction of the tobacco, and has feasibility in the production of the cigarette industry.
Detailed Description
The processing method for treating tobacco by using pressurized gas comprises the following steps:
step (1): adding tobacco materials with certain moisture content into a reaction kettle preheated to a certain temperature, sealing, introducing pressurized gas into the reaction kettle, and emptying for 3 times;
step (2): closing the exhaust valve, opening the air inlet valve, introducing pressurized gas into the reaction kettle, and keeping the opening state of the air inlet valve and the temperature of the reaction kettle in the step (1) for a certain time;
and (3): closing the air inlet valve, slowly opening the exhaust valve, opening the reaction kettle after the pressure in the kettle is reduced to normal pressure, and taking out the tobacco material;
and (4): and (3) performing subsequent treatment such as shredding, drying and the like according to the form and the water content requirement of the tobacco material, and finally preparing a sensory evaluation sample according to a conventional method.
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples. The oxygen and the non-oxidizing gas used in the embodiment of the invention have no peculiar smell, and the purity is not lower than 90%.
1. Embodiments of methods for enhancing tobacco quality
Example 1
The method for improving the quality of the tobacco comprises the following steps:
(1) The heating temperature of the reaction kettle is set to be 40 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 10 minutes after reaching the set value.
(2) 50g of redried tobacco flakes (Yunnan Yuxi C3F in 2019, water content of 12%) were weighed, and 2.38g of water (water content of 16%) was sprayed and placed in a preheating reaction kettle. And (3) closing the reaction kettle, opening the air inlet valve, introducing pressurized nitrogen, closing the air inlet valve, opening the air outlet valve, exhausting air, and repeating the exhausting step for 3 times.
(3) And (4) closing the exhaust valve, introducing nitrogen into the reaction kettle, keeping the nitrogen pressure at 1.0MPa and the temperature of the reaction kettle at 40 ℃, and treating the tobacco flakes for 80 minutes.
(4) And closing the air inlet valve, slowly opening the air outlet valve, taking out the tobacco flakes after the pressure in the kettle is reduced to normal pressure after 15 seconds, shredding, and adjusting the moisture content of the tobacco flakes to about 12% in a 120 ℃ oven to obtain a processed sample S1.
Example 2
The method for improving the quality of the tobacco comprises the following steps:
(1) The heating temperature of the reaction kettle is set to be 60 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 10 minutes after reaching the set value.
(2) Respectively introducing oxygen and nitrogen into the gas premixing tank to obtain pressurized gas with the oxygen partial pressure of 0.2MPa, the nitrogen partial pressure of 0.6MPa and the total pressure of 0.8 MPa. Weighing 50g of tobacco shred (flattop C4F in Henan of 2017, with water content of 12%) which is naturally alcoholized for 2 years after redrying, spraying 7.89g of water (with water content of 24%), and placing into a preheating reaction kettle. And (3) closing the reaction kettle, opening the air inlet valve, introducing the pressurized gas, closing the air inlet valve, opening the air outlet valve, exhausting the gas, and repeating the exhausting step for 3 times.
(3) And (4) closing the exhaust valve, introducing pressurized gas into the reaction kettle, keeping the pressure of the pressurized gas at 0.8MPa and the temperature of the reaction kettle at 60 ℃, and treating the tobacco shreds for 20 minutes.
(4) And closing the air inlet valve, slowly opening the air outlet valve, taking out the cut tobacco after the pressure in the kettle is reduced to normal pressure after 15 seconds, and adjusting the water content of the cut tobacco to about 12% in a 120 ℃ oven to obtain a processed sample S2.
Example 3
The method for improving the quality of the tobacco comprises the following steps:
(1) The heating temperature of the reaction kettle is set to be 48 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 10 minutes after reaching the set value.
(2) Respectively introducing oxygen and nitrogen into the gas premixing tank to obtain pressurized gas with the oxygen partial pressure of 0.1MPa, the nitrogen partial pressure of 1.4MPa and the total pressure of 1.5MPa. 50g of redried tobacco flakes (2019, guizhou Bijie C3F, moisture content of 12%) were weighed, sprayed with 3.66g of water (moisture content of 18%) and placed in a preheating reaction kettle. And (3) closing the reaction kettle, opening the air inlet valve, introducing pressurized gas, closing the air inlet valve, opening the air outlet valve, exhausting the gas, and repeating the exhausting step for 3 times.
(3) And (3) closing an exhaust valve, introducing nitrogen into the reaction kettle, keeping the pressure of the mixed gas of the oxygen and the nitrogen at 1.5MPa and the temperature of the reaction kettle at 48 ℃, and treating the tobacco flakes for 30 minutes.
(4) And closing the air inlet valve, slowly opening the exhaust valve, taking out the tobacco flakes after the pressure in the kettle is reduced to normal pressure after 15 seconds, shredding, and adjusting the moisture content of the tobacco flakes to about 12% in a 120 ℃ oven to obtain a processed sample S3.
Example 4
The method for improving the quality of the tobacco comprises the following steps:
(1) The heating temperature of the reaction kettle is set to be 80 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 10 minutes after reaching the set value.
(2) 50g of cut stem shreds (upper stem of Guizhou in 2017) with the water content of 33% are weighed and placed into a preheating reaction kettle.
(3) And (3) closing an exhaust valve, introducing compressed air (without peculiar smell after dehydration treatment) into the reaction kettle, keeping the conditions of the compressed air pressure of 1.5MPa and the temperature of the reaction kettle of 80 ℃, and treating the tobacco shreds for 25 minutes.
(4) And (3) closing the air inlet valve, slowly opening the air outlet valve, taking out the cut stems after the pressure in the kettle is reduced to the normal pressure after 15 seconds, and adjusting the moisture content of the cut tobacco to be about 12% in a 120 ℃ oven to obtain a processed sample S4.
2. Comparative example
Comparative example 1
The method for improving the quality of the tobacco comprises the following steps: weighing 50g of tobacco flakes (2019, yunnan Yuxi C3F, water content of 12%), spraying 2.38g of water (water content of 16%), and storing for 1h under sealed condition at 25 ℃. After shredding, the moisture content of the cut tobacco was adjusted to about 12% in an oven at 120 ℃ to obtain comparative sample R1 of example 1.
Comparative example 2
The method for improving the quality of the tobacco comprises the following steps: weighing 50g of tobacco shred (Henan flattop C4F in 2017, with water content of 12%), spraying 7.89g of water (with water content of 24%), and storing under sealed condition at 25 deg.C for 1h. The moisture content of the tobacco shreds was adjusted to about 12% in an oven at 120 c to obtain comparative sample R2 of example 2.
Comparative example 3
The method for improving the quality of the tobacco comprises the following steps: weighing 50g of tobacco flakes (2019, C3F, 12% moisture content of Bijie C, guizhou), spraying 3.66g of water (18% moisture content), and storing for 1h in a sealed manner at 25 ℃. After shredding, the moisture content of the tobacco shreds was adjusted to about 12% in an oven at 120 ℃ to obtain comparative sample R3 of example 3.
Comparative example 4
The method for improving the quality of the tobacco comprises the following steps: 50g of cut stem shreds (upper stem of Guizhou in 2017) with the water content of 33% are weighed and stored for 1h in a sealed manner at the temperature of 25 ℃. The moisture content of the cut rolled stem was adjusted to about 12% in an oven at 120 ℃ to obtain a comparative sample R4 of example 4.
3. Examples of the experiments
Sensory evaluation was performed on the samples of examples and comparative examples according to the sensory evaluation method for single-material tobacco in the tobacco industry, and the results are detailed in table 1.
TABLE 1 sensory evaluation results (unit: minute)
As can be seen from table 1, compared with comparative examples 1 to 4, the indexes of aroma and comfort (irritation, dryness, aftertaste) of the tobacco samples treated in examples 1 to 4 are both significantly improved, and the specific analysis is as follows:
compared with the R1 sample, the S1 sample is a fen-flavor tobacco product, and is treated by the pressurized gas with lower water content, temperature and oxygen content for a longer time, so that on the basis of not damaging the quality and flavor of the fen-flavor tobacco and keeping the aroma and the sweet aftertaste of the fen-flavor tobacco, the offensive odor and the irritation of the tobacco are reduced, the qualities of the tobacco such as the penetrability, the aftertaste and the like are enhanced, and the integral sensory evaluation result is better.
The S2 sample is a strong-flavor tobacco product, and compared with the R2 sample, the tobacco product is treated at a higher temperature and a lower moisture content for a shorter time, so that various evaluation indexes are obviously improved. After the S2 sample is tracked and evaluated, it is found that after one year and a half, the aroma index (aroma quality and miscellaneous odor) of the processed tobacco material (i.e., the S2 sample) of the henan flattop grade C4F in example 2 is improved more remarkably, and the sensory evaluation is improved by two grades.
Compared with the R3 sample, the S3 sample is a tobacco product with middle fragrance, and is treated by pressurized gas with certain moisture content, temperature and oxygen content, so that on the basis of not destroying the quality and flavor of the tobacco with middle fragrance and keeping the fragrance and sweetness, the miscellaneous gas and irritation of the tobacco are reduced, the qualities of the tobacco, such as the penetrability, aftertaste and the like, are enhanced, and the integral sensory evaluation result is better.
The S4 sample is cut stems, and the cut stems are often mixed with tobacco leaves in the processing production of the tobacco, so that the consumption of the tobacco leaves can be reduced, and the tar content in tobacco products can be reduced. The overall quality of the cut stems is relatively poor, and after the cut stems are treated by the method, the aroma quality, the aroma quantity and other important indexes of the S4 sample are obviously improved compared with those of the R4 sample.
The effects show that the invention has obvious effect of regulating and controlling the endogenous browning reaction of tobacco, particularly middle-low quality tobacco, and the invention has good reliability and stability for improving the quality effect of the tobacco; in addition, the invention also designs suitable treatment schemes aiming at the tobacco materials with different qualities and different odor types respectively, thereby realizing the classification treatment technology of the tobacco materials.
Claims (16)
1. A method for improving the quality of tobacco is characterized by comprising the following steps: processing the tobacco material with the water content of more than 10% at a set temperature in a gas environment and under the condition of higher than normal pressure, and recovering to the normal pressure after processing; the set gas consists of oxygen and non-oxidizing gas, wherein the partial pressure of the oxygen accounts for 0-50% of the total pressure, and the partial pressure of the non-oxidizing gas accounts for 50-100% of the total pressure; the temperature of the treatment is 20-150 ℃.
2. The method of improving tobacco quality according to claim 1, wherein the partial pressure of the non-oxidizing gas is 75% to 100% of the total pressure.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the setting gas is air, or the non-oxidizing gas is one or any combination of nitrogen, carbon dioxide, hydrogen and helium.
4. The method of enhancing tobacco quality as claimed in claim 1, wherein the above-atmospheric pressure is not greater than 10.0MPa.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the above-normal pressure is 0.2 to 6.0MPa.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the above-normal pressure is 0.3 to 1.5MPa.
7. The method of improving tobacco quality according to claim 1, wherein the moisture content is 10% to 50%.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the moisture content is 12-40%.
9. The method for improving the quality of tobacco according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the treatment is 40 to 100 ℃.
10. The method of improving tobacco quality according to claim 1, wherein the treatment time is 1 to 120 minutes.
11. The method of enhancing tobacco quality of claim 10 wherein the treatment time is between 5 and 90 minutes.
12. The method for improving the quality of the tobacco according to any one of claims 1 to 2 and 4 to 11, wherein the tobacco material is one or any combination of cut tobacco, flake tobacco, cut tobacco, short stem, cut stem and reconstituted tobacco.
13. The method for improving the quality of tobacco according to claim 1, wherein the moisture content of the fen-flavor tobacco material is controlled to be not more than 20%, the partial pressure of the non-oxidizing gas in the set gas is 80-100% of the total pressure, the total pressure is not less than 0.6MPa, the processing temperature is 30-60 ℃, and the processing time is more than 30 minutes.
14. The method for improving the quality of tobacco according to claim 1, wherein the moisture content of the aromatic tobacco material is controlled to be more than 18%, the partial pressure of the non-oxidizing gas in the set gas is 50% -79% of the total pressure, the total pressure is not less than 0.2MPa, the processing temperature is 40-150 ℃, and the processing time is 5-30 minutes.
15. The method for improving the quality of the tobacco according to claim 1, wherein the moisture content of the tobacco material with the middle flavor is controlled to be between 15% and 30%, the partial pressure of the non-oxidizing gas in the set gas accounts for 70% to 100% of the total pressure, the total pressure is not lower than 0.4MPa, the processing temperature is between 40 ℃ and 100 ℃, and the processing time is between 5 minutes and 30 minutes.
16. The method for improving the quality of the tobacco according to claim 1, wherein the moisture content of the tobacco stems is controlled to be not less than 30%, the partial pressure of the non-oxidizing gas in the set gas accounts for 50-79% of the total pressure, the total pressure is not less than 0.8MPa, the treatment temperature is 60-150 ℃, and the treatment time is 5-30 minutes.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2031707A (en) * | 1978-10-20 | 1980-04-30 | Philip Morris Inc | Treatment of tobacco |
| CN101108025A (en) * | 2007-08-29 | 2008-01-23 | 云南瑞升烟草技术（集团）有限公司 | Method of regulating tobacco process technique ambient medium gas atmosphere |
| CN101381653A (en) * | 2008-10-24 | 2009-03-11 | 华宝食用香精香料（上海）有限公司 | Method for preparing spice for cigarette by pressure oxidation of terpenoid |
| CN103404957A (en) * | 2013-07-10 | 2013-11-27 | 四川金叶生物防治有限公司 | Gas composition and environmental factor controllable tobacco sealing, storage and maintenance method |
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2022
- 2022-08-17 CN CN202210987266.4A patent/CN115299631A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2031707A (en) * | 1978-10-20 | 1980-04-30 | Philip Morris Inc | Treatment of tobacco |
| CN101108025A (en) * | 2007-08-29 | 2008-01-23 | 云南瑞升烟草技术（集团）有限公司 | Method of regulating tobacco process technique ambient medium gas atmosphere |
| CN101381653A (en) * | 2008-10-24 | 2009-03-11 | 华宝食用香精香料（上海）有限公司 | Method for preparing spice for cigarette by pressure oxidation of terpenoid |
| CN103404957A (en) * | 2013-07-10 | 2013-11-27 | 四川金叶生物防治有限公司 | Gas composition and environmental factor controllable tobacco sealing, storage and maintenance method |
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| Title |
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| 金闻博，戴亚: "烟草化学", vol. 1, 30 September 1994, 清华大学出版社, pages: 122 - 123 * |
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