CN115299252A - Cutting seedling method of kiwifruit rootstock for resisting canker - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a cutting seedling method of an anti-canker kiwifruit stock. The method comprises the following steps: (1) selecting and treating rootstocks; (2) selecting and processing scions; (3) placing bud slices; and (4) binding the interface. The stock materials adopted in the research are wild Actinidia tetracalyx fructus Actinidiae chinensis (Actinidia tetramera Maxim) and the like, the Actinidia nobilis and Actinidia polygama are used as scions, the survival rate of the Actinidia polygama and Actinidia polygama is more than 90%, and the Actinidia polygama has better anti-ulcer capacity.

Description

Cuttage seedling raising method for kiwifruit stock capable of resisting canker

Technical Field

The invention belongs to a rootstock cutting seedling raising technology for resisting canker in the technical field of agricultural planting, and particularly relates to a rootstock cutting seedling raising method for a kiwi fruit with a tetrapcalyx for resisting canker.

Background

The kiwi fruit is rich in nutrition and unique in function, and is a fruit with great edible value. The kiwi fruit becomes one of the tree species of the main planted fruit trees in Guizhou, the planting scale is continuously enlarged, and the kiwi fruit canker which is increased year by year becomes a main factor which influences the yield and the quality of the kiwi fruit, and the healthy development of the kiwi fruit industry is seriously influenced. In 2013, korean Mingli and the like introduce pathogenic bacteria and harm symptoms of the canker, define that factors related to the disease occurrence mainly comprise variety resistance, agronomic characters, meteorological ecological conditions and cultivation technology, and elaborate the control technology of the canker in aspects of disease-resistant variety selection, seedling quarantine, agricultural control, chemical control, biological control and the like. Shaobaulin and the like obtain a specific segment of pathogenic bacteria of about 1300bp through RAPD analysis, clone sequencing is carried out on the segment, a pair of specific primers F7/R7 is designed and synthesized on the basis of sequencing, the designed and synthesized specific primers F7/R7 are utilized, an optimized system and a program are referred, a simple kit method is combined to extract the DNA of the kiwifruit canker bacteria or plant tissues, and the molecular detection of the pathogenic bacteria can be completed in a short time. Zhang Yi investigates and analyzes the disease occurrence characteristics of kiwifruit canker in 60 kiwifruit gardens in 12 villages in Shaanxi Xian (Zhou Zhi, hou county and Chang' an) region, finds that the variety and the tree age are directly related to the occurrence of kiwifruit canker, and the disease occurrence of Hongyang is the most common disease in 4 main cultivated varieties (Hongyang, asia, qinmei and Hawold), and the Qinmei is the least common disease; and the canker lesion is correspondingly aggravated with the increase of the tree age. In 2014, tangxiaoqiang and the like continuously perform control tests and field investigation and research for several years, and according to the formation reason of the canker, the comprehensive control method of the kiwifruit canker is researched by combining the actual test points, so that the comprehensive control mode of the kiwifruit canker is summarized. In the same year, zhang Huiying and other reports indicate that resistant germplasm materials are initially selected for determining the types and characteristics of pathogenic bacteria in bacterial canker frequent region of Chinese southern Chinese gooseberry, pathogenic bacteria are separated by using canker susceptible branches of main cultivars of Chinese gooseberry, such as Hongyang, xuxiang and Jinfeng, through KB culture medium, plate streaking and gradient dilution methods, and 16S-23S rDNA (recombinant deoxyribonucleic acid) -based bacteria is utilized to transcribe internal transcribed spacer regionThe specific identifying primer designed by the sequence is used for carrying out PCR amplification and sequencing on the 6 representative strains obtained by separation to obtain a specific fragment with the size of about 280bp, and the sequencing result is completely consistent with the sequence of Pseudomonas syringae pv. The resistance of 18 germplasm materials is identified by adopting 3 methods of in vitro leaf injection inoculation, in vitro branch needling inoculation and in vivo branch needling inoculation. The analysis result shows that the Chinese gooseberries such as the red Yang are the most popular, the Brunou seedling excellent plants 13-3 and 13-4 are the most resistant, and the delicious Chinese gooseberries are in the Haowder middle. The strains separated in the test are all Pseudomonas syringae kiwi fruit pathogenic varieties (Pseudomonas syringae pv. Actinidia), and 2 parts of high-ulcer-resistance germplasm materials are screened out. And a foundation is laid for further research on prevention and treatment of the bacterial canker of the macaque. Shishijun et al inoculate red-yang kiwi branches under in vitro conditions through different pathogenic canker pathogens, inoculation concentrations, culture humidity and inoculation modes, and discuss infection effects of canker pathogens on kiwi branches under different conditions. On the basis, the canker pathogenic bacteria are artificially inoculated on 24 kiwi variety (line) branches, and the resistance of different kiwi varieties to canker is evaluated. The results show that: the disease index of kiwi fruit branches can be obviously influenced by strong pathogenic bacteria, high concentration, high humidity and branch wound area; the resistance of different kiwi fruit varieties to canker diseases has obvious difference, and in 24 branches of the kiwi fruit varieties (lines), huate and Xuxiang have high resistance; mini-Huate, jinkui, green meat superior line (G-HZ 201201) and Mao Xia show disease resistance; red yang, yellow meat superior line 11-7, bright red, early fresh, early gorgeous and yellow meat superior line Y-HZ201201 are shown as high-quality. 2015 Chenjingyong and other documents review the research on the kiwi fruit stocks from the aspects of application overview of the kiwi fruit stocks, grafting affinity of the stocks and scions, influence of the stocks on the growth characteristics of the scions, resistance of the stocks and the like, so as to provide reference for evaluating and identifying the stress resistance of the kiwi fruit stocks, screening and cultivating excellent combinations of the kiwi fruit stocks and the stocks and scions, enhancing the stress resistance of the kiwi fruits, improving the ecological adaptability of the kiwi fruits and promoting the healthy development of the kiwi fruit industry. The Qinhongqiang in the same year adopts ultraviolet spectrophotometer method to measure the indoor ratio of the germ to 17 bactericidesVirulence and selecting 9 bactericides to carry out field control effect tests. The results show that: copper hydroxide, streptomycin sulfate, zhongshengmycin, bismerthiazol and benziothiazolinone can be used as ideal control medicaments for bacterial canker of kiwi fruits in Shaanxi at present and in future. Liupu and the like are used for exploring sequence characteristics and functions of kiwi fruit canker pathogen genes, research is carried out on laccase genes obtained by amplifying 12 canker pathogen Pseudomonas syringae kiwi fruit pathogenic varieties (Pseudomonas syringae pv. Actiniae), and bioinformatics analysis finds that the genes have 4 Cu specific to laccase ²⁺ The active site and the result of highly conservative phylogenetic analysis of the active site show that the gene coding sequence has close homology with laccase genes of various bacteria, and the homology of P.fluoroscens Pf0-1 is the highest. Research results show that the canker pathogenic bacteria commonly contain sequence characteristics with bacterial laccase gene family, and the gene is presumed to be possibly involved in regulating and controlling the pathogenicity and Cu of the canker pathogenic bacteria ²⁺ And (4) tolerance.

The literature review shows that the canker of the kiwi fruit is a bacterial disease which is easy to develop by the kiwi fruit, the canker of the kiwi fruit is closely related to the variety of the kiwi fruit, and the disease resistance of the rootstock can be screened to better prevent the canker from generating and spreading.

Therefore, it is necessary to provide a method for grafting and cultivating seedlings of the rootstocks and the kiwi fruits so as to improve the resistance to canker.

Disclosure of Invention

The application discloses a cutting seedling method of an anti-canker kiwifruit stock.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

45 wild kiwi seedlings, 50 fruits and 88 branches are obtained by 14-point collection in six regions of the whole province. 183 Chinese gooseberry wild resources (including branches, seedlings and fruits) obtained by collection are preliminarily identified to obtain 8 varieties 2, namely Chinese gooseberry A.chinensis, hard gooseberry A.chinensis var.hispida, red-hair kiwi A.ctiniarufotrichocha, jing pear kiwi A.callosa var.henryi, maorella mullei A.ctiniatrichogyna, broad-leaf kiwi A.latifolia, actinidia polygama, red-stem kiwi A.rubericulis, actinidia quadricalyx A.avalvata and Actinidia macrosperma, and three samples obtained by collection are not identified. Through in vitro branch inoculation and potted seedling inoculation tests, two wild kiwi fruit seeds with better resistance to canker are screened out, namely Actinidia valvata and Actinidia polygama. Shoot inoculation tests are carried out on 3 kinds of wild kiwi fruit potted seedlings of four calyxes, chinese dates and stamens, and the activity changes of 5 kinds of disease-resistant related enzyme activities of PAL, PPO, SOD, CAT and POD in 5 time periods of shoots inoculated with different materials of 0d, 5d, 10d, 15d and 20d are measured, and the results show that the activity of 5 kinds of related enzyme activities after the 3 kinds of kiwi fruit seedlings are inoculated is obviously increased compared with that of the seedlings inoculated with 0d.

The method is characterized in that four-calyx kiwi fruit and Chinese date kiwi fruit which are good in canker resistance and are preliminarily screened are used as stocks, and compatibility is investigated by grafting with scions of noble length and red sun by adopting a bud piece belly grafting method, and results show that the four-calyx kiwi fruit and Chinese date kiwi fruit have strong compatibility with the noble length and the red sun, the requirement of grafting can be basically met, the grafting survival rate of each variety can reach over 75%, wherein the four-calyx kiwi fruit is used as the stock for grafting two varieties of noble length and red sun, and the survival rate is higher than that of the Chinese date kiwi fruit which is used as the stock and reaches over 90%.

And (3) grafting noble and long and red-yang scions by taking the kiwi fruit with four calyces as a stock, and demonstrating and building 20 mu of garden.

And taking noble-long and red-yang as scions, and grafting 25 wild kiwi fruit stock resources with the canker resistance to each resource. Primarily screening the rootstocks according to the survival rate and the preservation rate of grafted seedlings, and further observing the screened rootstocks;

inoculating 6 plants of different kinds of Chinese gooseberry stocks, selecting 3 leaves with uniform size and good growth vigor for each plant, uniformly spraying 107cfu, mL < -1 > of psa-2 canker pathogen solution on the Chinese gooseberry leaves, covering with a fresh-keeping bag, cutting 12cm of Chinese gooseberry leaves at 30cm of the main stem land of each plant by a knife ² Covering the wound with absorbent cotton stained with bacteria liquid, and wrapping with preservative film. 6 healthy seedlings of 3 varieties were left for control treatment.

The application also provides a cutting seedling method of the kiwifruit rootstock for resisting canker, which comprises the following steps:

(1) Selection and treatment of rootstock: selecting the rootstock which grows robustly and has no disease or pest. Selecting a smooth and straight position at the position of the stock about 10cm away from the ground, cutting off the branch of the stock by using a grafting scissors, cutting two parallel cuts by using the tip of a grafting knife from top to bottom, wherein the upper parts of the cuts are crossed to form a tongue shape, slightly picking up the cortex from the tip, and cutting off the cortex from top to bottom.

(2) Selection and treatment of scions: selecting leaf buds which grow vigorously and have plump bud eyes, and cutting the upper part, the lower part, the left part and the right part of the bud eyes by one time respectively until the depth reaches xylem. And (4) cutting bud slices with intact bud eyes and without xylem.

(3) Placing the bud slices: placing the bud slices processed in the step (2) on a bud interface in the forward direction, inserting the lower ends of the bud slices into a small section of skin left by the stock to fix the bud slices, and slightly leaving a small gap at two sides of the bud slices

(4) Binding an interface: and (4) binding the interface operated in the step (3) by using a white transparent film belt from bottom to top, overlapping each circle and the lower circle by about 1/3, and slightly raising the last circle to be higher than the top of the notch, so that the sealing is good.

Furthermore, in the step (1), the wild actinidia valvata dunn is used as the rootstock, the length of the cut is about 3cm, the width of the cut is about 0.8cm, and the cut needs to reach the xylem deeply.

Further, the leaf buds selected in the step (2) are respectively the leaf buds of the long and noble kiwi fruit and the red kiwi fruit.

Compared with the prior art, the method solves the problem that the kiwifruit canker occurs when the conventional seedling is used as the stock, has obvious canker resistance, and the grafted variety has strong canker resistance, high yield, good quality and delicious taste.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is the onset of symptoms of a part of kiwi fruit material pot seeding inoculation;

FIG. 2 is a picture of a portion of grafted seedlings of Actinidia polygama rootstock.

Detailed Description

Example 1: collection of wild kiwi fruit resources

45 wild kiwi seedlings, 50 fruits and 88 branches of 45 wild kiwi seedlings were collected at 14 points in 2016-2019, namely Sanjing mountain, fuding mountain and Wude of Dou, shaohu, santang, elegant, nayong and Huzhang of Tongyu, panxian county and Shuicha of Liuzhou water, legong mountain of southeast of Qian, qianan dam and Zhanchuan of Zunyi.

TABLE 1 wild Actinidia chinensis resource condition collected at 14 points in six Guizhou regions

183 Chinese gooseberry wild resources (including branches, seedlings and fruits) obtained by collection are preliminarily identified to obtain 8 varieties of 2 varieties, namely Chinese gooseberry A.chinensis, hard-hair kiwi fruit A.chinensis var.hispida, red-hair kiwi fruit A.ctinia rufotricha, jing pear kiwi fruit A.callosa var.henyi, hairy kiwi fruit A.ctinia trichogyna, broad-leaf kiwi fruit A.latifolia, kudzu kiwi fruit A.polygluma, red-stem kiwi fruit A.rubricans, japanese gooseberry A.avalvata and large-seed kiwi fruit A.ctinia crysperma, and three collected samples are not identified. It is described as follows:

chinese gooseberry original variety Actinidia chinensis planch

The flowering branch is generally 4-5 cm long, thin by grey hair, the hair falls early, easy clean or more dense by rough hair; the leaves are in the shape of inverted broad ova, the length is 6-8 cm, the width is 7-8 cm, the top ends are mostly truncated and the middle is concave; the petiole is hairy with grey white hair. The diameter of the flower is 2.5cm, and the ovary is villous. The fruits are approximately spherical, 4-4.5 cm long and are soft and hairy. The flowering season is 4 in the middle of the month, 5 in the middle of the month and late in the late, the south being earlier and the north being later. The seed is the most widely distributed seed of the Actinidia plants in Guizhou, and the collection places include Sanskrit mountain, foding mountain, rigong mountain and the like.

Actinidia brush, i.e. delicious, kiwi fruit, var

Most of the flower branches are longer, 15-20 cm, and are stained by tawny long bristles, and the bristle residues can still be seen after the bristles fall. The leaves are wide in oval shape to oval shape, 9-11 cm long and 8-10 cm wide, the tip is usually sharp, and the leaf stem is long and hard brown. The flower is bigger, and the diameter is about 3.5 cm; the ovary is brushed to be coarse. The fruits are approximately spherical, cylindrical or inverted oval in shape, 5-6 cm long, and are usually split into 2-3 bunches of long, burred bristles. The collection places include Sanskrit mountain, foding mountain, rigong mountain, shaospu and three ponds.

Actinidia deliciosa (a variety of Actinidia callosa Lindl. Of Actinidia harderi) Actinidia callosa Lindl. Var. Callosa

Large deciduous vines; the length of the flowering branch is 5-15 cm, the common length is 8-12 cm, the diameter is 2.5-3 mm, the flowering branch is clean and has no hair, a small amount of bristles are respectively arranged, the skin hole is quite obvious, the marrow is light brown, the flower is lamellar or solid, and the bud body is rusty and hairy; the alternate branches are grey brown, and the diameter is 3-5 mm. Oval, broad oval, inverted oval or elliptical, 5-12 cm long, 3.5-8.5 cm wide, 6-8 pairs of lateral veins, less obvious transverse veins and less visible reticular venules; the petiole is red, 2-8 cm long, clean and unhairing, and only a few hard hairs exist in individual varieties; inflorescence has 1 to 3 flowers, usually 1 single flower; the inflorescence stalks are 7-15 mm and the inflorescence stalks are 11-17 mm, and both have no hair or hair. Flower white, about 15mm in diameter; 5 sepals which are oval and 4-5 mm long and have no hair or are wrapped by tawny short villus, or have thin inner surface and short villus, and have clean and no hair on the outer surface; 5 pieces of petals, inverted egg shape, 8-10 mm long, filament shape, 3-5 mm long, yellow anther, egg arrow shape, 1.5-2 mm long; the ovary is nearly spherical, about 3mm high, is fluffy by grey white hair, and has a little longer style than the ovary. The fruit is dark green, nearly spherical to ovule shape or papilla shape, the length is 1.5-4.5 cm, the diameter is 1-1.7 cm, the fruit has obvious light brown circular spots and the preserved sepals with reverse folds. The length of the seeds is 2-2.5 mm. The collection ground Sanskrit mountain.

Actinidia polygama of Actinidia

Large deciduous vines; the flower-forming twigs are slender, generally more than 20cm, the diameter is about 2.5mm, the twigs are basically hairless, the tops of the twigs are slightly soft, and the skin holes are not obvious; marrow white and solid. The leaf membrane (flowering period) is thin paper, oval or elliptical, 7-14 cm long, 4.5-8 cm wide, sharp and tapered at the top end, round or wide wedge-shaped at the base part, fine sawteeth at the edge, green ventral surface, few small stabs, nearly hairless petioles and 1.5-3.5 cm long. 1-3 inflorescences, 2-3 mm inflorescence stems, 6-8 mm flower stems, and all thin and microvilli; the bract is small and about 1mm long; white and aromatic, the diameter is 2-2.5 cm; 5 sepals, which are from oval to oblong oval and are 5-7 mm long, and the two sides of the sepals are thin and slightly hairy or nearly hairless; 5 petals which are inverted egg-shaped to rectangular inverted egg-shaped and have a length of 8-13 mm, and the back surfaces of 2-3 outermost petals are slightly hairy in some cases; the filament shape is 5-6 mm long, the anther is yellow, the oval arrow shape is 1-1.5 mm long; the ovary is bottle-shaped, the length is 4-6 mm, the ovary is clean and has no hair, and the length of the style is 3-4 mm. When the fruits are ripe, the fruits are light orange, oval or columnar oval, the length of the fruits is 2.5-3 cm, the fruits have no hair and spots, the top ends of the fruits are provided with beaks, and the base parts of the fruits are provided with preserved sepals. The length of the seeds is 1.5-2 mm. In the middle to the first 7 months of the flowering period, and in the fruit maturity period of 9 to 10 months. This species is collected from the general province.

Actinidia rufotricha of red hair kiwi fruit

Medium-sized semi-evergreen vines; the small branches and the flowers grow together, the flowers bloom very short and almost invisible, the small branches are densely covered with yellow brown villi, the small branches become coarse after the flowers are aged, and each flowering small branch can have 4 inflorescences, so the small branches are in a dense cluster flower shape; the alternate-year branches are grayish brown, the diameter is 3-3.5 mm, baldness or thin quilt residual rough hair is removed, skin holes are small and are not obvious; marrow white, lamellar. The leaf can grow in years, is made of paper, is oblong and oval, has the length of 10-20 cm, the width of 5-Scm and 8-9 pairs of side veins; the petiole is 3-8 cm long and is unhaired or slightly villous. 1-3 flowers of the polypodium inflorescence, and the length of the inflorescence stalk is 2mm; the total bract is in a diamond shape and is 3.5mm long; the flower stalk is 4-5 mm; the small bract is diamond-shaped, is 2.5mm long, is uniformly covered by dark brown villi, is light red, small and half-opened, and has the diameter of about 6mm; 5 sepals, each of which is in an egg-shaped rectangle and is 2.5-3 mm long, are provided with long villi on the outer surface and have no hair on the inner surface; the length of the petal is 5-5.5 mm from the inverted egg shape to the rectangular inverted egg shape; the stamens are 2.5-3.5 mm long, and the filaments are as long as the anthers or longer than the anthers; the ovary is cylindrical and nearly spherical, the length of the ovary is 2mm, the ovary is densely covered with dark brown fuzz, and the floral pillar is slightly longer than the ovary and is 2.5mm long. The fruit is cylindrical, the length is about 15mm, the fruit is bald and hairless when ripe, the fruit has spots, and the preserved sepals are not folded; the seeds are small, and the longitudinal diameter is 1.2mm. The flowering period is 5 in the middle to last ten days of the month. Originally collected from cuprine leigong mountain

Actinidia tetrandra Maxim

Medium deciduous vine; the length of the flower-attached twigs is 3-8 cm, the diameter is about 2.5mm, the flower-attached twigs are red brown, hairless, remarkable skin holes, marrow brown and lamellar; the diameter of every other year is about 3 mm. The leaf is thin and paper, the shape of the cuboid oval, the cuboid ellipse or the ellipse is needle-shaped, the length is 4-8 cm, the width is 2-4 cm, the top end is long and sharp, the base part is wedge-shaped, narrow and round, or truncated, the two sides are asymmetric, the edge is provided with fine sawteeth, the two sides are nearly the same color, sometimes the upper part becomes white, the ventral side is completely hairless, white bearded hair or bearded hair which is extremely obvious (visible by naked eyes) is arranged on the axilla of the side pulse on the back side, the lower section of the middle pulse and even the petiole are always provided with a few white small burs or a leaf surface middle pulse and side pulse are provided with more burs, 6-7 pairs of side pulses are easily visible on the two sides after the leaf stem, and the transverse pulse and the reticular small pulse are not developed and can be hardly visible; the stem is red and 1.2-3.5 cm long. White flowers, light red in color, usually 1 single flower, rarely 2-3 flowers in a cluster anthotaxy, and female flowers are far more common than male flowers; the flower stalk is filiform and hairless, and the length is 1.5-2.2 cm; waste and retreat of bracts; 4 sepals, a few 5 sepals, a rectangular oval shape with a length of 4-5 mm, clean and hairless two surfaces, and very fine ciliary hair only at the edge; 4 petals, a few of 5 petals, a gourd ladle-shaped inverted egg shape and a length of 7-10 mm; the filament is in a filament shape, the length of the filament is about 4mm, the base part of the filament is expanded like a rod head, the anther is yellow and long round, the length of the filament is about 1.5mm, and the two ends of the filament are blunt and round; the gymnorrhiza has a spherical shape, a length of about 3-5 mm, cleanness without hair, slender style, and a length of about 4mm. Orange, egg-shaped, 1.5-2 cm long, hairless, speckle-free, and reverse-folded persistent calyx when the fruit is ripe; the seeds were 2.5mm long. In the middle of the flowering season 5 months to 6 months, the fruit maturity period begins in the middle of 9 months. Collected from Shiqianwood.

Actinidia macrosperma (newly discovered clock)

Small deciduous or shrub vines; the flower-bearing twigs are light green, 5-20 cm long, generally 12cm, 2-2.5 mm in diameter, have no hair or thin rusty small glandular hair at the lower part, have insignificant or slightly significant skin holes, and occasionally have thorn-shaped remains remained after the flower stalks are withered on the leaf axils; the bud is hairless; green-brown bark of alternate-year-old branchThe pores are small and thin, only visible; marrow white and solid. The membrane is membranous in young period, nearly leathery in old period, oval or elliptical, 3-8 cm long, 1.7-5 cm wide, the tip is gradually sharp, sharp to round, the base is wide and wedge-shaped to round, the two sides are symmetrical or slightly asymmetrical, the edge has oblique sawtooth or circular saw tooth, the ventral surface is green in old period or nearly whole edge, there is no hair; the back is light green, there are beard or beard hair on the axilla, short and soft thorns on the middle pulse, undeveloped leaf pulse, 4-5 pairs of the side pulse; the petiole is red, 10-22 mm long and unhairing. Natural, white, fragrant, and diameter flowers

Centimeters; the inflorescence stems are 6-7 mm long and 9-15 mm long, and have no hair or a few small glandular hairs locally; the bract is in the shape of needle or strip, the length is 1-2 mm, and the edge is provided with a plurality of glandular hairs; 2-3 sepals, which are oval to long oval, have beaks at the top ends, are 6-12 mm long and green, and have clean and hairless two surfaces; 5-12 pieces of petals, which are in the shape of a gourd ladle and inverted egg and have a length of 10-15 mm; the filament is in the shape of filament with the length of 3-7 mm, the anther is yellow, the egg-shaped arrow is in the shape of arrow, and the length is 1.5-2.5 mm; the ovary is bottle-shaped, the length is 6-8 mm, the diameter is 7mm, the hair is not existed, and the length of the style is about 5mm. When the fruit is mature, the fruit is orange, oval or spherical, 3-3.5 cm long, the top end is provided with a papillary beak, the base part is provided with or without a preserved sepal, the fruit peel is free of spots, the seed grain is large, and the length is 4-5 mm. This species is collected from the general province.

Red-stem kiwi fruit Actinidia rubra dublicalis Dunn

Larger medium-sized semi-evergreen vines; except the ovary, the whole body is clean and hairless; the flower-attached small branches are hard, reddish brown, 3-15 cm long, generally about 10cm, 2.5mm in diameter, obvious in skin holes, white in marrow and solid; the alternate branches are dark brown, have the diameter of 4-4.5 mm and have longitudinal ridge. The leaf is firm and paper to leather, the rectangular needle shape is to the inverted needle shape, the occasional rectangular egg shape is 7-12 cm long, the width is 3-4.5 cm, the top end is gradually sharp to sharp, the base part is blunt round to broad wedge shape and blunt round, the edge is provided with sparse hard sharp-end small teeth, sometimes the hard sharp-end small teeth are slightly wavy, the teeth are dented, a plurality of thick saw teeth are arranged above the inverted needle-shaped leaf, the ventral surface is dark green, the back surface is light green, the leaf veins are not developed, and the leaf surface is slightly wavySunken or flat with the leaf surface, protruding on the leaf back, basically in a circular line shape, 8-10 pairs of side veins, curved arch shape, extremely insignificant transverse veins and more prominent net veins; the petiole is red and 1-3 cm long. The inflorescence is usually single flower, the number of flowers is 2-3, the length of inflorescence stalk is 2-10 mm, and the length of the inflorescence stalk is 5-12 mm; white or red, about 1cm in diameter; sepals 4-5, oval to oblong, 4-5 mm long, substantially clean or short hairy hair on the inner and side portions; 5 pieces of petals, a gourd ladle shape, an inverted egg shape and a length of 5-6 mm; thick and short filament, 1-3 mm long, anther-shaped

Or slightly rounded (male) and long

Millimeter long; the ovary column is spherical, about 2mm long, and is short villus of dark brown, and the style is thick and short, about as long as the ovary. Dark green fruits, oval shape to column oval shape, 1-1.5 cm long, dark brown villi at young time, alopecia gradually and baldness, withered brown spots, and persistent calyx in late stage. The flowering phase is 4 in the middle of the month-5 in the late of the month. The seed is collected from Sanskrit mountain.

Broad-leaved kiwi fruit Actinidia latifnlia

Large deciduous vine, white marrow, lamellar or hollow or solid. The leaf-strengthening paper is generally in the shape of a wide egg, sometimes nearly in the shape of a circle or a long egg, 8-13 cm long, 5-8.5 cm wide, from the short tip to the gradual tip at the top end, perfectly round or shallow heart-shaped at the base part, truncated and wide wedge-shaped, and has sharp-pointed hard-head small teeth at the edge, 6-7 pairs of lateral veins, obvious transverse veins and invisible reticular small veins; the petiole is 3-7 cm long and has no hair or slightly hairy hair. The fruits are dark green, cylindrical or egg-shaped cylindrical, 3-3.5 cm long, 2-2.5 cm in diameter, have spots, are hairless or have a small amount at two ends, and are collected from Sanskrit mountain.

Actinidia tricerata trichogyna (newly discovered species)

Medium deciduous vine; the flower-forming twigs are clean and hairless, the diameter of every other branch can reach 6mm, the skin holes are obvious, the marrow is light brown, and the twigs are lamellar. The leaf paper is soft leather, oval-shaped to long oval-shaped, sharp tip to gradual tip at the top, basically symmetrical or slightly asymmetrical at two sides, small sawteeth at the edge, green ventral surface, pink green back surface, no hair on two surfaces, undeveloped leaf veins, and reddish-brown petiole without hair. The inflorescence is short in handle, narrow and triangular in bract, white in flower, long and round in sepal, inverted oval in petal, filigree in filament, yellow in long and round in anther, nearly spherical in ovary shape, most of fruits are single-grown, dark green in maturity, nearly spherical, blooming in late 5-late 7 months and fruiting in 10 months.

Example 2: wild kiwi seedling preservation

Root soaking is carried out for 10 minutes by using rooting agent with proper concentration, and the root is planted in a flower nursery base of gardening institute of Guizhou agricultural academy. And (3) soaking the cutting head of the cutting branch for more than 20 minutes by using a rooting agent with a proper concentration, and cutting the cutting head to a flower nursery experiment base in gardening institute of Guizhou agricultural academy.

TABLE 2 preservation of wild Kiwi berry resources

Example 3: canker disease resistance test for different wild kiwifruit species

The grafting propagation is the main propagation mode of fruit tree cultivation, the stock can not only adjust the growth characteristic, the flowering and fruiting habit, the yield and the fruit quality of the scion variety, but also improve the resistance and the adaptability of the grafted variety: the kiwifruit canker disease caused by Pseudomonas syringae (Pseudomonas syringae) creates a significant obstacle to the development of the guizhou kiwifruit industry. The adverse consequences caused by randomly adopting the rootstocks gradually appear, and are mainly manifested as poor disease resistance, deteriorated fruit quality and low commodity rate. The Guizhou kiwi fruit is rich in wild resources, and the screening and utilization of the stocks with the canker resistance have important significance for Guizhou kiwi fruit production. At present, the Chinese gooseberry (A.chinensis) or the delicious Chinese gooseberry (A.deliciosa) is generally grafted by a co-stock in the cultivation of the Chinese gooseberry.

The method is characterized in that living body artificial inoculation identification is carried out on 10 Guizhou wild kiwi fruit materials, and identification results are compared, so that stock resources with better kiwi fruit canker resistance are obtained.

Test materials: the test strain (provided by bacterial laboratories of the refinement center of Guizhou university) is a test material which is 10 parts of wild Guizhou kiwi fruit resources.

TABLE 3 Kiwi fruit Material

Preparing a bacterial suspension of kiwifruit canker: inoculating test strains to LB solid culture medium for culture, selecting single colony, transplanting to fresh BPA culture medium, and culturing at 25 deg.C

And (5) standby. Transplanting the purified strain into LB liquid culture medium, culturing at 25 deg.C in 250rmp shake culture overnight, and preparing the cultured bacterial suspension with sterile water to 3x10 ⁸ cfu/mL of bacterial suspension for testing.

Grading standard of canker disease resistance of wild kiwi fruit seeds: the number of infected strains inoculated at 5d, 10d, 15d and 20d was investigated and recorded, and the infection rate was calculated and classified (Table 4-2). The disease rate is calculated by the formula: infection rate (%) = (number of infected plants/total number of examined plants) × 100%

TABLE 4 grading Standard of disease conditions of Kiwi fruit ulcer

Inoculation method

In-vitro branch inoculation test: adopting healthy annual branches of different kiwi fruit materials, and taking the middle part of the branches

Both ends are treated with sealing and shearing oil to prevent water loss. Sterilizing the surface of the shoot with 70% ethanol before inoculation, and then making equal-volume wound with a sterilized punch (the punch has a diameter of 8mm and an area of 50.2 mm) ² ) Taking 12 branches per part of material, and injecting the kiwi fruit ulcer by using a disposable injectorThe diseased bacteria suspension was 1mL,3 replicates. The concentration of inoculated bacterial liquid is 3X10 ⁸ cfu/mL, placing the inoculated strain at the constant temperature of 20 ℃ for moisture preservation, surveying the disease incidence day by day after 24 hours until 20 days, counting the number of susceptible branches, and calculating the disease incidence. Inoculation identification is according to the method of Nianxin (1994).

And (3) pot seedling inoculation test: inoculating and identifying in the laboratory of gardening institute of agricultural academy of sciences, wherein the identification material is spring potted cutting branches (pot soil is mixed uniformly with field soil at a ratio of 1: 1), each material contains 12 strains, the inoculation is repeated for 3 times, and the concentration of inoculated bacterial liquid is 3 × 10 ⁸ cfu/mLa is selected to be inoculated at about 4 pm in fine days, the branch inoculation method is carried out in the same way as 4.3.3.1, the branches are placed in a greenhouse of 20 ℃ after inoculation, the humidity is kept, the disease incidence rate is investigated day by day after 24 hours until 20 days, the number of infected seedlings is counted, and the disease incidence rate is calculated.

The identification conditions of the artificial inoculation of the wild kiwi fruit material are shown in the following table:

TABLE 5 in vitro shoot inoculation and potted seedling inoculation of wild kiwi fruit materials for resisting canker disease

As can be seen from the figure 1 and the table 5, the in vitro shoot infection rate of the kiwi fruit material increases along with the increase of the inoculation days, the infection rate increases steadily, and the infection rate does not increase any more when 20d shoots begin to wither 34214. The in vitro branch infection rate is related to the type of wild kiwi fruit materials, the type is different, the infection degree is different, after 20 days of inoculation, the resistance of the Actinidia chinensis planch is the best, the resistance of the Actinidia polygama is better, the infection of Actinidia chinensis planch is more serious, the resistance is weak, and the infection rate is higher. The sequence of the resistance strength is as follows: four calyx-kudzuvine root-date, calyx-red hair, red stem, broad leaf, beijing pear, seed and bristle and Chinese gooseberry.

Example 4: determination of disease-resistant related enzyme activity of three wild kiwi fruit potted seedlings inoculated with canker pathogen

After plants are infected by pathogenic bacteria, complex physiological and biochemical changes can occur in vivo so as to resist the invasion and harm of the pathogenic bacteria. SOD, POD and CAT are important enzymes in plant body protecting enzyme system, and are responsible for eliminating excessive Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) in plants, maintaining a dynamic balance between the generated and eliminated ROS in vivo, and protecting plants from or relieving adverse stress. Therefore, in many research reports, it is considered that the activity of antioxidant enzymes has a positive correlation with plant disease resistance. The current research shows that the phenylalanine transaminase, the polyphenol oxidase, the superoxide dismutase, the catalase and the peroxidase are closely related to the plant disease resistance, and the change rule of the phenylalanine transaminase, the polyphenol oxidase, the superoxide dismutase, the catalase and the peroxidase in the plant disease resistance can be used as an index for identifying the disease resistance. Therefore, the experiment carries out a branch inoculation test on 3 wild kiwi fruit potted seedlings, measures the activity changes of 5 disease-resistant related enzymes such as PAL, PPO, SOD, CAT and POD in branches inoculated with different materials of 0d, 5d, 10d, 15d and 20d in 5 time periods, researches the relationship between the 5 enzyme activities and the resistance of the kiwi fruit canker, and provides a theoretical basis for screening disease-resistant stocks.

Determination of materials: actinidia chinensis planch, actinidia polygama and Actinidia multocida pot culture materials (5 pots of pot culture cutting seedlings in 2019 spring, pot soil and field soil are uniformly mixed in a ratio of 1: 1 by adopting a matrix). A test strain (from plant protection research institute of agricultural academy of Guizhou province) is used for artificially inoculating canker bacteria to branches of 3 wild kiwi fruit potted materials including Actinidia chinensis, actinidia polygama and Actinidia stamens, the method is the same as the above description, the branches inoculated and inoculated for 0, 10 and 20 days are collected as the materials, and the activity changes of 5 disease-resistant related enzymes such as PAL, PPO, SOD, CAT and POD in the branches of 3 different materials at 3 time periods are measured.

Index and method of measurement

Phenylalanine Ammonia Lyase (PAL) activity assay: 0.2g of the material was taken, followed by addition of 0.1mol/L (pH 8.8) ImL of boric acid buffer and 0.02g of PVP, grinding in an ice bath to give a homogenate, and centrifuging at 10000Xg at 4 ℃ for 15-20min to obtain a supernatant as a crude enzyme solution. The total volume of the detection solution was 3mL, containing 2mL of pH8.8 boric acid buffer solution and 0.8mL of 0.02 mol. L ^-1 Phenylalanine solution0.2mL of crude enzyme solution. Taking two parts: one part is mixed and added with 0.2mL 6 mol.L ¹ OD at 290nm was measured immediately after HC 1; the other part was reacted at 30 ℃ for 30min, and 0.2mL of 6 mol/L 'was added' ¹ The reaction was stopped with HCl and the color was measured at 290 nm. The change in OD value of 0.01 was 1 enzyme activity unit.

Polyphenol Oxidase (PPO) activity assay: 0.5g of a sample was weighed, ground in an ice bath with 0.05mol/L phosphate buffer solution (pH 6.0), and then diluted to 5mL. Centrifuging at 8000r/min at 4 deg.C for 15min. 0.2mL of the supernatant was measured, and 3.8mL of 0.05mol/L phosphate buffer (pH 6.8) and ImL of 0.1mol/L catechol were added to the supernatant, and the mixture was reacted at 30 ℃ for 10min, immediately after the enzyme reaction was terminated with 10% phosphoric acid, and the mixture was taken out and placed in an ice bath. The absorbance at 525nm was measured using a UV-1601 spectrophotometer. The change in absorbance (OD) per gram of sample per minute was 0.01 as one activity unit. The boiling inactivated enzyme solution was used as a control.

Enzyme activity = AA/(0.01 XW × t) × D (1)

AA in the formula (1) is the change of the absorbance value in the reaction time; w is the fresh weight (g) of the test material; t is reaction time (min); d is dilution multiple. The unit of enzyme activity is U.g ^-1 ·min ^-1 。

Peroxidase (POD) activity assay: by guaiacol method, 0.5g sample is added with 5mL of 0.05mmol/L phosphate buffer solution pH6.0 (4 ℃), and the homogenate is ground and centrifuged at 11000r/min (4 ℃) for 15min, and the supernatant is obtained. Preparing 0.05mmol/L phosphate buffer solution with pH of 6.0 to 50mL, placing in a beaker, adding 28 μ L guaiacol, heating and stirring on a magnetic stirrer until the guaiacol is dissolved, cooling the solution, and adding 30% hydrogen peroxide (H) ₂ O ₂ ) mu.L of the mixture was mixed well, stored in a refrigerator and compared with 3mL of the reaction mixture and 1mL of phosphate buffer, 3mL of the reaction mixture and 1mL of the enzyme solution were added to the cuvette, and the change in the absorbance at 470nm was measured by a spectrophotometer. Readings were taken every minute giving an absorbance (OD) of 0.01 per gram of sample per minute as one unit of enzyme activity (U).

The protein content in the enzyme activity determination is determined by adopting a Coomassie brilliant blue G250 method.

Enzyme activity = (Δ a470 × VT)/(W × VS × 0.01 × t) (2)

In the formula (2), the change of the absorbance value in the reaction time is when the Delta A470 is 470 nm; VT is total volume (ml) of enzyme solution; w is the fresh weight (g) of the test material; VS is the volume of enzyme solution (ml) taken for the assay; t is reaction time (min); the unit of enzyme activity is U.g ^-1 ·min ^-1

Extraction and activity determination of superoxide dismutase (SOD): a0.5 g sample was added to 1.5mL of a solution containing 0.1 mmol/L ^-1 EDTA and 1% (w/v) PVP 50 mmol.L ^-1 Potassium phosphate buffer (pH 7.8) as enzyme extract, freezing and grinding, and centrifuging at 12000Xg for 20min to obtain supernatant as enzyme extract. Determination of superoxide dismutase (SOD) Activity the amount of SOD enzyme required to define 50% inhibition of NBT reduction at 560nm was determined according to the reduction of SOD inhibiting nitrogen blue Quli (NBT) in light, according to the method of Beyer and Fridovich (1987), as 1 unit of enzyme activity. 3mL of the reaction solution contained 50 mmol. Multidot.L ^-1 Potassium phosphate buffer (pH 7.8) 1.72mL;130 mmol. L ^-1 L-methionine (L-Met) 300. Mu.L; 750. Mu. Mol. L' NBT 300. Mu.L; 100 gmol. L ^-1 ，EDTA 300μL；200μmol·L ^-1 300 mu L of riboflavin; 80 μ L of the enzyme extract. The enzyme activity was measured by taking out the medium light reaction at 30 ℃ and 10000Lx for 20min, and repeating the reaction 3 times.

SOD activity (U.g) ^-1 protei.rrmin ^-1 )＝(A ₀ -A _s )/(A _o ×50％×W×20×t) (3)

In formula (3): a. The _o Is the absorbance value of the lighting control tube; a. The _s Is the absorbance value of the sample tube; w is the protein content in the sample (e): t is the reaction time (min).

Extraction and determination of Catalase (CAT) Activity: an ultraviolet absorption method is adopted. Weighing 0.5g of sample, placing the sample in a precooled mortar, adding 5mL of precooled 0.05mmol/L phosphate buffer (pH is 6.0) and a little quartz sand, grinding the sample into homogenate in an ice bath, washing the homogenate for 2-3 times by using 3mL of phosphate buffer, transferring the sample homogenate into a centrifuge tube, and centrifuging (12000r, 4 ℃) for 15-20min to obtain supernatant, namely the extracted enzyme solution. All the above operations were carried out at 4 ℃. Activity measurement was performed according to the method of Liheng and Sunwu eds (2000) (slightly modified), enzymeAnd (3) activity determination: adding 1.5mL0.05mmol/L phosphate buffer (pH 6.0), imL steaming woon water, and finally 0.2mL enzyme solution, preheating in water bath at 25 deg.C, and rapidly adding 0.3mL0.lmol/LH ₂ O ₂ Immediately, the time counting was started after each tube addition, and the absorbance at the time of I minute immediately at a wavelength of 240nm was measured, and the CAT activity was expressed as left ODg/min FW and repeated 3 times.

Results and analysis: the test results of the activity of 5 disease-resistant related enzymes such as PAL, PPO, SOD, CAT and POD in branches inoculated with 0d, 5d, 10d, 15d and 20d of 3 kinds of wild kiwi potted seedlings are shown in the following table.

TABLE 6 test results of enzyme activities related to disease resistance of 5 species in branches inoculated with 0, 10 and 20d seedlings of wild kiwi fruit in pot

As can be seen from the data in Table 6, the PAL activity was continuously increased after the inoculation of the four calyx, pueraria lobata and verbascon, and the activity was not increased any more and began to decrease after reaching the peak. Wherein the PAL enzyme activity increment of the four calyxes and the Pueraria lobata is far greater than that of the Actinidia multocida. PAL activity of three kiwifruits reaches a maximum value after inoculation of 15d, and PAL activity after inoculation of 3 wild kiwifruit species is obviously higher than that after inoculation of 0d. The PPO enzyme activity in branches of four calyces, pueraria and Calycocarpa shows a continuous rising state after inoculation, but after the peak appears, the activity does not rise any more, but begins to show a slow descending trend. After 10 days of inoculation, PPO of the four calyx and the Pueraria lobata reaches a peak value after 10 days of inoculation, and the peak value of the Actinidia multocida can not be reached until 15 days of inoculation is delayed. And the PPO peak values of the four calyces and the Pueraria lobata are far higher than that of the Actinidia multocida. SOD enzyme activity in branches of calyx, pueraria and Calycocarpa shows a continuous rising state after inoculation, but activity does not rise any more but begins to show a slow descending trend after a peak appears. After 15 days of inoculation, the SOD of the four calyxes, the Pueraria lobata and the verbascum reaches a peak value, and the SOD peak values of the four calyxes and the Pueraria lobata are far higher than that of the Actinidia majus. CAT enzyme activity in branches of the four calyces, the Pueraria lobata and the calyx after inoculation is in a continuously rising state. CAT enzyme activity of the four calyx and the Chinese date is increased rapidly after inoculation, and CAT value of the Actinidia valvata is increased slowly. POD enzyme activity is continuously increased after the four calyxes, the Pueraria date and the calyx are inoculated, and the POD enzyme activity is not increased any more and begins to show a descending trend after reaching a peak. Wherein the POD enzyme activity increment of four calyx and Pueraria lobata is far greater than that of three kinds of kiwi fruits such as Actinidia multocida o, and the POD activity is generally considered to be remarkably enhanced after pathogenic bacteria are infected by plants after the POD is inoculated with 3 kinds of wild Actinidia chinensis and Actinidia chinensis seeds with 15d reaching the maximum value.

Example 5: preliminary test of graft affinities of Actinidia arguta and Actinidia polygama with different wild four calyxes and Actinidia polygama

Wild actinidia valvata maxim is used as a stock, broad-leaved actinidia planch and red-stem actinidia planch are respectively used as stocks, the wild actinidia valvata maxim and the red-stem actinidia planch are respectively grafted with the noble actinidia planch and the red-yang actinidia planch, and the occurrence conditions of canker diseases of the noble actinidia planch and the red-stem actinidia planch are observed.

Selection and treatment of rootstocks: selecting a wild actinidia chinensis stock which grows robustly and has no plant diseases and insect pests. Selecting a smooth and straight position at the position of the rootstock about 10cm away from the ground, cutting off the branch head of the rootstock by using a grafting scissors, then cutting two parallel cuts from top to bottom by using the tip of a grafting knife, wherein the length of each cut is about 3cm, the width of each cut is about 0.8cm, the cut reaches the xylem deeply, the upper parts of the cuts are crossed to form a tongue shape, slightly picking up the cortex from the tip, cutting off 2/3 of the cortex from top to bottom, and leaving 1/3 of the cortex for grafting bud sheets. The stocks of the broadleaf kiwi fruit and the red-stem kiwi fruit are treated in the same way.

Selection and treatment of scions: selecting leaf buds of the noble and long kiwi fruits and the red and yang kiwi fruits which grow vigorously and have plump bud eyes, cutting the upper part, the lower part, the left part and the right part of the bud eyes by one knife respectively, and cutting bud pieces which are 2cm long in month and 0.6cm wide and need to reach xylem deeply. And (4) cutting bud slices with intact bud eyes and without xylem, wherein the bud slices are slightly smaller than bud interfaces.

Placing the bud slices: firstly, the glue solution flowing out of the bud grafting opening is wiped off by a clean towel, the bud slices are placed on the bud grafting opening in the forward direction, the lower ends of the bud slices are inserted into a small section of bark layer left by the stock to be fixed, and small gaps are slightly left on the two sides of the bud slices.

Binding an interface: and binding with a white transparent film strip with the width of 2cm from bottom to top, wherein each circle is overlapped with the lower circle by about 1/3, and the last circle is slightly higher than the top of the notch, so that the sealing is good. The ligature elasticity is suitable, prevents that the rainwater from getting into the influence healing, influences the survival rate.

Demonstration investigation: and (3) respectively carrying out canker occurrence investigation on the seedlings of the stock grafting garden of the wild actinidia valvata, the broad-leaved actinidia and the red-stem actinidia in the demonstration garden in two stages of 1-5 months in 2019 and 1-5 months in 2020, wherein 5 regions are randomly selected once a month during the investigation period, and 20 actinidia grafting plants are taken from each region for carrying out statistics on the canker incidence rate.

Test site: a laboratory base of gardening facilities of Guizhou agricultural academy.

2 Guizhou main cultivation cultivars of Guizhou and Hongyang are respectively grafted by using Guizhou wild four-calyx and actinidia polygama cutting seedlings as rootstocks, and the germination and grafting survival rates of different varieties are observed.

The grafting method comprises the following steps: the belly patch method of bud slice.

Investigation and statistical method survey after grafting the bud stage of each grafting treatment, count grafting survival rate 2 months after grafting, measure 1 times per 2 weeks the thickness of grafting 5cm above the interface, until stopping growing, count grafting preservation rate 6 months after grafting, the survival rate computational formula is: survival rate = survival plant number/grafted plant number × 100%; storage ratio = number of stored strain/number of grafted strain × 100%.

TABLE 7 survival rate and preservation rate of grafted seedlings

As can be seen from table 7, 2 Guizhou main-cultivation cultivars of Guizhou and red-yang are respectively grafted on Guizhou wild four-calyx and Kiwi-berry cutting seedlings as stocks, which have strong affinity and can basically meet the grafting requirement, the grafting survival rate of each cultivar can reach over 75%, wherein the four-calyx Kiwi-berry is used as the stock for grafting the Guizhou and red-yang cultivars, and the survival rate is higher than that of the Kiwi-berry as the stock and reaches over 90%.

Anti-ulcer pilot test:

materials: rootstock: cutting 550 plants of each of the four calyx and the actinidia polygama for one year; scion grafting: the method is characterized by adopting two varieties of Guichang and Hongyang in the Kiwi berry park in the towns of golden kittens.

And (3) carrying out canker occurrence investigation on the test area and other stock (Chinese kiwi fruit) grafted seedling gardens in two stages of 1-5 months in 2019 and 1-5 months in 2020, wherein 5 regions are randomly selected once a month during the investigation period, and 20 kiwi fruit grafted plants are taken from each region to carry out statistics on canker rate.

TABLE 8 investigation of ulcer disease in test area

The survey data in table 8 show that the actinidia polygama and actinidia polygama as rootstocks are respectively grafted with the actinidia polygama and the actinidia polygama, so that the actinidia polygama has better canker resistance.

Claims (9)

1. A cutting seedling method of an anti-canker kiwifruit stock is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) selecting wild kiwi fruits as an anvil cell and processing; (2) Planting kiwi fruits as scions and processing, wherein the wild kiwi fruits are Actinidia polygama or Actinidia polygama.

2. The cutting seedling method of the kiwifruit rootstock for resisting canker disease according to claim 1, characterized in that: the kiwi fruit is Guichang kiwi fruit or red yangtao kiwi fruit.

3. The cutting propagation method of the kiwifruit rootstock for resisting canker disease according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising the following steps:

(1) Selecting wild kiwi fruits as a base stock and processing: selecting a strong stock without diseases and insect pests, selecting a smooth and straight position at the position of the stock about 10cm away from the ground, cutting off the branch head of the stock by using a grafting scissors, then cutting two parallel cuts from top to bottom by using the tip of a grafting knife, wherein the upper parts of the cuts are crossed to form a tongue shape, slightly picking up the cortex from the tip, and cutting and chipping the cortex from top to bottom.

4. The cutting propagation method of the kiwifruit rootstock for resisting canker disease according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising the following steps:

(2) Planting kiwi fruits as scions and processing: selecting leaf buds which grow vigorously and have plump bud eyes, cutting the leaf buds at the position of about 1cm away from the bud eyes to reach the xylem in a short time, and cutting bud pieces with intact bud eyes and no xylem.

5. The cutting propagation method of the kiwifruit rootstock for resisting canker disease according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising the following steps:

(3) Placing bud slices: the bud slices are placed on the bud interfaces in the forward direction, the lower ends of the bud slices are inserted into a small section of the skin left by the stock to be fixed, and small gaps are slightly left on two sides of the bud slices.

6. The cutting propagation method of kiwifruit rootstock for resisting canker disease according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising the following steps:

(4) Binding an interface: and binding with a white transparent film band from bottom to top, wherein each circle and the lower circle are overlapped by about 1/3, and the last circle is slightly higher than the top of the notch, so that the sealing is good.

7. The cuttage seedling raising method for the kiwifruit rootstock resisting the canker disease according to the claim 1, characterized in that: the rootstock in the step (1) is the rootstock of the wild actinidia valvata dunn, the length of the cut is about 3cm, the width of the cut is about 0.8cm, and the cut reaches the xylem deeply.

8. The cuttage seedling raising method for kiwifruit rootstock resisting canker according to claim 4, characterized by comprising the following steps: the leaf buds used in the step (2) are leaf buds of the noble-long kiwi fruit and the red-yang kiwi fruit, and the size width of a bud piece is about 0.6cm, and the length of the bud piece is about 2cm.

9. The cuttage seedling raising method for the kiwifruit rootstock resisting the canker disease according to the claim 5, characterized in that: and (4) wiping off the glue solution at the bud mouth in the step (3).

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