CN115298404A

CN115298404A - Frame formwork element and formwork system

Info

Publication number: CN115298404A
Application number: CN202080093184.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 沃纳·施耐德; G·斯陶德劳施
Original assignee: Peri Europe
Current assignee: Peri Europe
Priority date: 2020-01-13
Filing date: 2020-12-30
Publication date: 2022-11-04
Also published as: WO2021144138A1; EP4090812A1; DE202020100159U1; CA3167152A1; AU2020423577A1; US20230052980A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a framed formwork element for moulding curable building materials, the framed formwork element having a frame (2) and a multi-layer formwork skin (3) secured to the frame (2). The formwork skin (3) has a support plate (4) and a rigid wear plate (5). The supporting plate (4) is fixed on the frame (2). The wear-resisting plate (5) is detachably fixed on the supporting plate (4). The front face (5 a) of the wear plate (5) facing away from the support plate (4) is designed as a surface which comes into contact with the building material. The support plate (4) is fixed to the frame (2) in a tensile and shear-resistant manner such that the support plate (4) statically supports the frame (2), the support plate (4) being connected to the frame (2) in an unreleasable or conditionally removable manner.

Description

Frame formwork element and formwork system

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a framed formwork element for moulding settable building materials according to the preamble of claim 1, having a frame and having a multi-layer formwork skin fastened to the frame.

The invention also relates to a template system according to claim 12.

Background

The frame formwork element is used as part of a formwork system, in particular for producing concrete parts. The framing formwork elements are arranged in such a way that they form a mould into which a curable building material, typically flowing concrete, is poured to produce a concrete part (e.g. a wall element). After the concrete cures, the frame formwork elements are typically removed.

The frame formwork element has a frame to which the formwork skin is attached.

On the one hand, the frame of the framed formwork element should be stable in order to be able to transfer the loads that occur when the formwork system is filled with curable concrete. On the other hand, the frame should have sufficient rigidity to ensure high dimensional accuracy and avoid unnecessary deformation.

The structure of the surface of the concrete part facing the formwork skin (hereinafter also referred to as "visible surface") is determined by the formwork skin fixed to the frame. The front side of the formwork skin faces the concrete to be poured, i.e. the front side of the formwork skin forms the surface which is in contact with the concrete, while the back side of the formwork skin is fixed to the frame.

Damage to the front side of the formwork skin facing the concrete, for example damage caused by transporting or handling the frame formwork elements at the construction site, is correspondingly reflected on the visible side of the concrete part to be produced from the concrete. Thus, the damage on the surface of the formwork must be repaired, for example by smoothing out the damage in small areas or, for larger damaged areas, by using a repair pad. However, the result is that the surface of the formwork skin is structured, which is undesirable in the production of concrete parts.

Frame formwork elements made of wood are known in the prior art. They have the disadvantage that they swell due to the penetration of moisture. In the case of heavy use, the protective impregnation layer is destroyed and the surface wears. In addition, nails driven into the formwork element during use can damage the glue layer (Furnierschicht) or the protective impregnation layer, whereby water can penetrate at these locations.

Frame formwork elements made of plastic are also known in the prior art. Although these do not swell when damaged by water penetration, they must be repaired manually like a wooden board and are expensive if they are damaged during use, particularly if damage occurs on the surface of the formwork facing the concrete.

A generic framework formwork element is known from DE10114161 A1. The universal frame formwork element has a frame and a multi-layer formwork skin secured to the frame. It is provided that the surface of the formwork skin which is in contact with or faces the concrete is formed by a formwork film. The patent document DE10114161A1 is based on the idea of avoiding time-consuming repair and repair work of the formwork skin for repeated use by replacing a scratched or otherwise damaged surface of the formwork skin with a new formwork film. According to DE10114161A1, it is provided that the concrete-facing surface of the formwork skin is coated with a new formwork film in order to reuse the formwork elements of the frame. The framework formwork element known from DE10114161A1 has a formwork skin with a formwork film which can be removed from the support system and replaced without damage. The formwork film forms the actual contact surface with the concrete and is responsible for the surface structure and surface quality of the concrete.

However, the use of a template film that is detached from the template skin after wear and replaced by a new template film is not optimal, since a coating process is required for this purpose.

Another disadvantage of using a stencil film is that the stencil film can warp and thus be unusable.

In the case of frame formwork elements, it is generally desirable for them to have as high a dead load capacity as possible. In this respect, it is also important to improve the frame formwork elements known from the prior art.

Disclosure of Invention

It is therefore an object of the present invention to improve the frame formwork elements known from the prior art for moulding curable building materials, in particular to enable repairs to be made when the surface of the formwork skin facing the building material is damaged, and to improve the static load capacity of the frame formwork element as much as possible.

The object of the invention is also to improve the formwork systems known from the prior art, in particular to simplify the repair of the formwork systems and to improve the dead load capacity as much as possible.

The object with respect to the frame formwork element is achieved by the features of claim 1.

The object with respect to the template system is achieved by the features of claim 12.

As regards the following, in the context of the description of the invention, the specific term "concrete" is used instead of the general term "construction material", which should also be understood as disclosing the general term "construction material".

A framed formwork element for moulding settable building materials according to the present invention has a frame and a multi-layer formwork skin secured to the frame. According to the invention, the formwork skin has a support plate and a rigid wear plate. The support plate is fixed on the frame, and the wear-resisting plate is detachably fixed on the support plate. The front side of the wear plate facing away from the support plate is designed as the surface that comes into contact with the building material. The support plate is fixed to the frame in a tensile and shear-resistant manner such that the support plate statically supports the frame, wherein the support plate is non-detachably or conditionally detachably connected to the frame.

The formwork skin according to the invention with the support plate and the rigid wear plate brings about a number of advantages. On the one hand, the inventors have realized that the rigid wear plate can be detached from the support plate in a particularly simple and advantageous manner.

The rigid wear plate thus forms a wear resistant lining which can be replaced if necessary.

The front side of the wear plates faces the building material to be cured and thus influences the structure of the surface (i.e. the visible side) of the building material, in particular concrete, and if the wear plates break down, they can be replaced quickly and easily. The method may be carried out in particular in the event of damage to the front side of the wear plate facing the building material. It is easier to replace the rigid wear plate than to coat the surface of the template with a new template film. In addition, the rigid wear plates are stronger than the formwork membrane, which is particularly advantageous in everyday use at a construction site.

The feature that the wear plate is removably secured to the support plate preferably further comprises a conditional removable attachment, i.e. only the secondary attachment portion has to be broken to remove the wear plate from the support plate.

The frame of the frame formwork element is preferably made of metal, in particular of iron or steel.

According to the invention, the supporting plates of the formwork surface layer are fixed on the frame in a tensile and shearing resistant manner, so that the supporting plates support the frame statically, and the static load capacity of the whole framework formwork element is improved.

A non-releasable connection of the support plate to the frame has proved to be particularly suitable. The support plate can thus support the frame statically in a particularly advantageous manner. In this case, it may also be appropriate for the support plate to be conditionally detachable from the frame. There are conditional removability, for example, when it is only necessary to break the auxiliary connecting members, not the support plate or the frame, in order to remove the parts from each other. This includes, for example, knocking off rivets in the riveted joint.

Preferably, the support plate is firmly connected with the frame or permanently mounted in the frame, so that the support plate statically supports the frame. The formwork skin was not included in the previous static load capacity calculation of the framework formwork elements. Since the formwork skin has a support plate and a rigid wear plate, it is now possible to fasten the support plate permanently, tensile, shear-resistant to the frame, so that the support plate statically supports the frame, whereby the support plate can be included in the calculation of the static load capacity.

Preferably, it is provided that the support plate is designed to remain connected to or part of the frame formwork element during the calculated service life of the frame formwork element.

Within the scope of the invention, it can be provided that the support plate itself is designed in a multi-layer manner, wherein the layers of the support plate are preferably glued, glued or connected to one another in a material-fitting and/or force-fitting and/or form-fitting manner.

However, it is particularly suitable if the support plate is designed as one piece.

Furthermore, it is particularly suitable if the rigid wear plate is also designed as one piece.

The support plate is preferably designed to prevent flexing of the rigid wear plate. The support plate is preferably designed to be rigid. The support plate is preferably designed to be weatherproof. Furthermore, the support plate is preferably designed to be nailable. The support plate preferably has a high resistance to pull-out of the nail. The support plate is preferably designed and/or treated to be resistant to the usual templating agents.

According to the invention, it can be provided that the support plate is 30% to 80%, preferably 40% to 80%, more preferably 40% to 70%, particularly preferably 50% to 70%, very particularly preferably 50% to 60% of the thickness of the template surface layer.

The above values have proven to be particularly suitable, in particular in such a way that the support plate statically supports the frame and reliably prevents the wear plate from flexing.

Advantageously, the support plate has a thickness of 6mm to 14mm, preferably 7mm to 13mm, more preferably 8mm to 12mm, particularly preferably 8mm to 11mm, very particularly preferably 8mm to 10mm, in particular 9mm.

The above values have proved to be particularly suitable for forming the support plate.

The above values are particularly suitable in combination with the above mentioned percentage values that the thickness of the support plate may have with respect to the surface layer of the template.

According to the invention, it is also possible to provide that the supporting plate is connected to the frame in a force-fitting and/or form-fitting manner.

According to the invention, it can be provided that the support plate is glued and/or welded and/or soldered and/or riveted and/or screwed and/or nailed to the frame. Furthermore, the frame can also have projections, for example peripheral projecting edges, so that the support plate can be inserted in a form-fitting manner into the peripheral edges of the frame. The peripheral edge may also have a recess or interruption.

It has proved to be particularly suitable to connect the supporting plate to the frame by riveting, i.e. to rivet the supporting plate to the frame.

The support plate is advantageously designed as a metal plate, a plastic plate, a plate made of a fiber composite material, a wood plate or a composite plate.

It may also be provided that the supporting plate is made of a plastic composite structure, for example a sandwich of polypropylene and aluminium or glass fibre, preferably without wood or wooden parts. Such a support plate may be nailable and repairable like a wooden plate.

In particular, it can be provided that the support plate is designed as a plastic plate made of polyethylene or polypropylene.

It is also possible within the scope of the invention to insert (preferably weld) the expanded metal into the support plate. The insertion or welding of the expanded metal may further increase the load bearing capacity of the support plate, thereby further statically supporting the frame.

In principle, the rigid wear plates can also be designed as metal plates, plastic plates, plates made of fiber composite materials, wood plates or composite plates. In particular, it may be advantageous to form the rigid wear plate from wood or plastic.

The support plate is preferably designed such that it can be nailed with little tearing damage, in particular on the back side of the support plate facing away from the rigid wear plate.

According to the invention, it may also be provided that the support plate has openings for dismounting the wear plates and/or holes for fastening the wear plates.

It has proven to be advantageous if the support plate has an opening for removing the wear plate. The opening may be designed as a service opening through which the rigid wear plate may preferably be pressed out. It is also advantageous if the support plate has holes for fastening wear plates. For example, holes may be provided for screwing and/or riveting wear plates. Preferably, it may be provided that the wear plates are screwed or riveted from the back side of the support plate.

The rear side of the support plate facing away from the wear plate is preferably designed to be easily cleaned with a high-pressure cleaner.

Furthermore, it is advantageous if the rear side of the support plate is designed to be light-resistant, i.e. it does not change under the influence of light. The rear side of the panel is preferably designed to have a light fastness rating of at least 5 (good), preferably 6 (very good) according to DIN 53952, which is no longer effective.

The support plates are preferably designed such that the struts or transverse frame parts have a spacing of 300mm and a width of 40mm, the deflection of the support plates being at most 1.5mm.

In an alternative embodiment of the invention, it may also be provided that the support plate is subdivided into a plurality of support plate segments, each covering a respective segment of the frame.

Subdividing the support plate into a plurality of support plate segments, each covering a respective segment of the frame, has proven advantageous for certain applications. The support plate segments can be produced inexpensively and are secured in tension-resistant, shear-resistant fashion in the respective segment, so that each support plate segment statically supports the frame. It can also be provided that the supporting plate segments are inserted into the respective segments of the frame in a form-fitting manner. The form fit may preferably be performed in such a way that the form fit prevents the support plate segment from moving within the plane of the support plate segment.

Advantageously, the frame has, on its front side facing the support plate, a projection projecting in the direction of the support plate, which projection defines a segment, wherein the support plate segments are inserted into the segments such that each support plate segment has an edge resting on at least one projection, and at least one edge region of the support plate segment facing the back side of the frame (which edge region is adjacent to the edge) rests on a surface of the front side of the frame adjacent to the projection.

The above-described construction has proved to be particularly suitable for fixing the supporting plate segments in a form-fitting manner. Preferably, a force-fit and/or material-fit connection is also provided. Instead of or in addition to the form fit, it may be provided that the supporting plate segments are glued and/or welded and/or soldered and/or riveted and/or screwed and/or nailed to the frame.

According to the invention, it may also be provided that the wear plates are nailed and/or screwed and/or riveted and/or detachably glued to the support plate.

The above options for attaching the wear plate to the support plate have proven particularly suitable. The wear plates are preferably nailed and/or screwed and/or riveted to the support plate from behind (i.e. from the rear).

According to the invention, it can be provided that the wear plate has a thickness of 4mm to 11mm, preferably 5mm to 10mm, more preferably 6mm to 10mm, particularly preferably 7mm to 10mm, in particular 8mm.

The above values have proven to be particularly suitable, so that the wear plate is rigid and strong. The above values have proved to be particularly suitable, in particular in combination with the values specified in connection with the support plate.

It is particularly suitable if the wear plate has a thickness of at least 20% of the surface layer of the template. Furthermore, it is particularly suitable that the wear plate has at most 50% of the thickness of the template surface layer. Preferably, the thickness of the support plate is greater than the thickness of the wear plate. This means that the wear plate preferably has a smaller thickness, preferably such that the wear plate has a thickness of at least 4mm, based on the value of the support plate, which is referred to as the preferred value. However, the thickness of the wear plate is preferably at least 1mm less than the thickness of the support plate.

The supporting plate is preferably designed to withstand the entire or at least 70%, preferably at least 80%, particularly preferably at least 90%, in particular at least 95%, load function associated with the concrete pressure. Since in this arrangement the wear plate only needs to absorb little or no concrete pressure, it can be made thinner, preferably much thinner, than the support plate, which reduces the cost of the wear plate and therefore also the maintenance costs.

The invention also relates to a formwork system according to claim 12, having at least two frame formwork elements and a plurality of anchor rods for supporting the frame formwork elements at a distance from each other.

Typically, the anchor rods have threads on both ends, and nuts are screwed onto the threads as anchor fasteners. The central region of the anchor rod that the concrete may contact during the concrete pouring preferably has a smooth surface or is surrounded by a sleeve or sheath having a smooth surface. The effective length of the anchor rods, and hence the strength (thickness) of the concrete part (e.g. wall) to be concreted, is determined by the anchoring fixtures.

The features described in connection with the frame formwork element according to the invention can of course also be advantageously implemented for the formwork system according to the invention and vice versa. Furthermore, the advantages already mentioned in connection with the frame formwork element according to the invention can also be understood in connection with the formwork system and vice versa.

Furthermore, it should be noted that the terms "comprising", "having" or "with" do not exclude any other features or steps. Furthermore, terms referring to a single number of steps or features, such as "a", "an", or "the", do not exclude a plurality of features or steps, and vice versa.

Drawings

Embodiments of the present invention are described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The figures show preferred embodiments, respectively, in which the various features of the invention are shown in combination with each other. Features from one embodiment may also be implemented separately from other features of the same embodiment and so persons skilled in the art may readily combine features from other embodiments to form further useful combinations and sub-combinations.

In the drawings, elements that are functionally identical have the same reference numerals.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the back side of a framing formwork element according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the back side of a frame formwork element according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of a frame formwork element according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view of the back of the support plate;

FIG. 5 is a schematic plan view of the back face of the wear plate;

FIG. 6 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view through a frame formwork element in an embodiment where the support plate is formed of a plurality of support plate segments; and

fig. 7 is a schematic side view of a formwork system having at least two frame formwork elements and a plurality of anchor rods to support the frame formwork elements at a distance from each other.

Detailed Description

Formwork systems and frame formwork elements and methods for moulding settable building materials are well known in the general prior art, see for example DE102018203764A1. Accordingly, only features relevant to the present invention will be discussed in more detail below.

Figures 1 and 2 show a frame formwork element 1 for moulding settable building material. In the exemplary embodiment, the construction material is preferably concrete. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. It should be understood that other curable building materials may be used for the form instead of concrete.

The framed formwork element 1 shown in figures 1 and 2 has a frame 2 and a multi-layer formwork skin 3 secured to the frame 2. The frame 2 has a plurality of longitudinal frame parts 2a and a plurality of transverse frame parts 2b. The outer contour of the frame 2 is formed by two longitudinal frame parts 2a, i.e. a left and a right longitudinal frame part 2a, respectively, and two transverse frame parts 2b between them, i.e. a lower and a lower transverse frame part 2b, between which further longitudinal frame parts 2a and transverse frame parts 2b can be formed. This design of the frame 2 is particularly advantageous, but the present invention and exemplary embodiments are not limited thereto.

As can be seen from fig. 3, 6 and 7, the formwork skin 3 has a support plate 4 and a rigid wear plate 5. The support plate 4 is fixed to the frame 2. In the exemplary embodiment, the support plate 4 is non-detachably or conditionally detachably connected to the frame 2.

The front face 5a of the wear plate 5 facing away from the support plate 4 is designed as a surface in contact with the building material. The front face 5a of the wear plate 5 may optionally be designed in such a way that the desired structure is reproduced on the visible face of the concrete structure (e.g. wall) to be created.

In an exemplary embodiment, it is provided that the support plate 4 is connected to the frame 2 such that the support plate 4 is connected to the frame 2 within the expected service life of the frame, or forms one unit with the frame 2, and does not generally have to be disassembled.

In an exemplary embodiment, it can be provided that the support plate 4 is connected to the frame 2 in a force-fitting manner and/or in a material-fitting manner and/or in a form-fitting manner.

The support plate 4 is secured to the frame 2 in tension and shear such that the support plate 4 statically supports the frame 2. For this purpose, the support plate 3 can be glued and/or welded and/or soldered and/or riveted and/or screwed and/or nailed to the frame 2 in a manner not shown in detail.

In the exemplary embodiment, the support plate 2 is designed to receive the concrete pressure completely or largely, so that the wear plate 5 can be manufactured inexpensively.

There are various materials for forming the supporting plate 4, and among them, a material capable of absorbing concrete pressure and having only a small amount of deflection is particularly suitable. Furthermore, the material used for the support plate 4 should be weatherproof.

In an exemplary embodiment, it can be provided that the support plate 4 is designed as a metal plate, a plastic plate, a plate made of a fiber composite material, a wood plate or a composite plate. The support plate 4 can also be designed in particular as a plastic foam plate.

In an exemplary embodiment, it can be provided, in a manner not shown in detail, that a sheet metal mesh is inserted, preferably welded, into the support plate 4 in order to increase the load-bearing capacity of the support plate 4.

In the exemplary embodiment, the wear plate 5 is preferably made of plastic, wood or a composite material, in particular a fibre composite material.

In the exemplary embodiment, the support plate 4 is formed in one piece. However, it is also possible to design the support plate 4 in multiple layers, for example two or three layers, which means that the support plate 4 is formed by a plurality of panels placed on top of each other and then the total thickness of the support plate 4 is formed. In the case of a multi-layer design of the support plate 4, it can be provided, for example, that the panels are glued, glued or riveted to one another.

In the exemplary embodiment, it is provided that the thickness of the support plate 4 is 30% to 80%, preferably 40% to 80%, more preferably 40% to 70%, particularly preferably 50% to 70%, very particularly preferably 50% to 60% of the thickness of the template skin 3.

It is also provided in the exemplary embodiment that the thickness of the support plate 4 is 6mm to 14mm, preferably 7mm to 13mm, more preferably 8mm to 12mm, particularly preferably 8mm to 11mm, very particularly preferably 8mm to 10mm, in particular 9mm.

It has proven advantageous that the thickness of the support plate 4 is greater than the thickness of the wear plate 5, so that the support plate 4 prevents the rigid wear plate 5 from flexing. However, for example, the support plate 4 and the wear plate 5 may also have the same thickness, in particular such that the support plate 4 has a thickness of 9mm and the wear plate 5 also has a thickness of 9mm.

In the exemplary embodiment, the wear plate 5 has a thickness of 4mm to 11mm, preferably 5mm to 10mm, more preferably 6mm to 10mm, particularly preferably 7mm to 10mm, in particular 8mm.

In the exemplary embodiment, it is provided that the thickness of the formwork skin 3 consisting of the support plate 4 and the wear plate 5 is between 10mm and 25mm, preferably between 12mm and 23mm, more preferably between 14mm and 22mm, particularly preferably between 15mm and 21mm, in particular between 16mm and 20 mm.

In the exemplary embodiment, it is provided that the wear plate 5 is detachably fixed to the support plate 4. For this purpose, the wear plates 5 may preferably be nailed and/or screwed and/or riveted and/or detachably glued to the support plate 4.

Preferably, a removable adhesive is provided for adhering the wear plate 5 to the support plate 4.

The support plate 4 has an opening 6a for removal, in particular for pressing out the wear plate 5. Furthermore, in the exemplary embodiment, the support plate 4 has holes 6b for fixing the wear plates 5, preferably for screwing or riveting the wear plates 5 from behind. The opening 6a for disassembly and the hole 6b for fixing the wear plate 5 are shown by way of example in fig. 4.

The support plate 4, in particular the rear side of the support plate 4, is preferably designed to be light-resistant, as shown in fig. 4. The back of the support plate 4 is preferably designed to be suitable for the application of advertising printing and can be cleaned with a high-pressure cleaner without damaging the support plate 4.

Fig. 5 schematically shows the back side of the wear plate 5. The wear plate 5 preferably has the same height and the same width as the support plate 4. The wear plate 5 may have holes in a manner not shown for screwing or riveting with the support plate 4.

One embodiment of the support plate 4 is shown in fig. 6. Therein, it is provided that the support plate 4 is divided into a plurality of

support plate segments

40, 41, 42, each covering a corresponding segment 7 of the frame 2. Three buttress

plate segments

40, 41, 42 are shown in fig. 6, but as few as two buttress plate segments or more than three buttress plate segments may be provided.

In the exemplary embodiment according to fig. 6, it is provided that the frame 2 has, on its front side facing the support plate 4, a projection 8 projecting in the direction of the support plate 4, the projection 8 defining a segment 7 of the frame 2, the

support plate segments

40, 41, 42 being inserted into the segment 7 in such a way that each

support plate segment

40, 41, 42 has an edge 9 resting on at least one of the projections 8, and at least one edge region of a

support plate segment

40, 41, 42 adjacent to the edge 9 facing the rear side of the frame 2 rests on a surface of the front side of the frame 2 adjacent to the projection 8. This is shown schematically in fig. 6.

The frame 2 with the projection 8 is therefore designed such that the movement of the

support plate segments

40, 41, 42 in the plane of the

support plate segments

40, 41, 42 is limited by the projection 8, wherein a shoulder is formed by the frame 2 or by the design of the projection 8, on which the

support plate segments

40, 41, 42 rest with the edge region of their rear face, so that concrete pressure acting perpendicular to the plane of the

support plate segments

40, 41, 42 can be guided from the rear face of the

support plate segments

40, 41, 42 onto the shoulder and/or the frame 2.

Fig. 6 shows a longitudinal section through the frame formwork element 1, i.e. a section through the frame formwork element 1 from the upper transverse frame part 2b to the lower transverse frame part 2b. The

support plate segments

40, 41, 42 are arranged overlapping each other. In principle, however, it is also possible to arrange the

support plate segments

40, 41, 42 laterally side by side, i.e. the

support plate segments

40, 41, 42 are not arranged horizontally on top of one another, but are arranged vertically side by side. In principle, it is also possible to arrange the support-

plate segments

40, 41, 42 laterally side by side and overlapping one another, so that the support-

plate segments

40, 41, 42 are arranged like a chessboard and cover each segment 7 of the frame 2.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a formwork system 11 having (at least) two frame formwork elements 1 and a plurality of anchor rods 12 to support the frame formwork elements 1 at a distance from each other. According to this principle, in principle, a plurality of frame formwork elements 1 can be connected to one another in a known manner such that they together form a formwork for moulding curable building materials, in particular concrete.

Fig. 7 exemplarily shows that the formwork system 11 is formed by two frame formwork elements 1 according to the invention.

In principle, it can be provided that only a part of the frame formwork element 1 according to the invention is installed. However, it makes sense to design all frame formwork elements 1 according to the invention, that is to say the formwork skin 3 is formed by the support plates 4 and the wear plates 5. The anchor rods 12 are only schematically shown in fig. 7. As shown, preferably, each anchor rod 12 has two anchor cones 13. Furthermore, an anchoring fixture in the form of a nut 14 is shown in fig. 7. Each anchor rod 12 is threaded with 2 nuts 14 to support the framing formwork element 1. This figure is purely exemplary.

For supporting the frame formwork element 1, it is possible to use anchoring techniques which can be applied from one or both sides, it also being possible to use spacer tubes (Distanzrohr) or sleeves (hullohr).

Claims

1. A framed formwork element (1) for moulding settable building materials, the framed formwork element (1) having a frame (2) and a multi-layer formwork skin (3) secured to the frame (2),

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the formwork skin (3) has a support plate (4) and a rigid wear plate (5), wherein the support plate (4) is fixed to the frame (2), wherein the wear plate (5) is detachably fixed to the support plate (4), wherein a front face (5 a) of the wear plate (5) facing away from the support plate (4) is designed as a surface that comes into contact with building material, wherein the support plate (4) is fixed to the frame (2) in a tensile and shear-resistant manner, such that the support plate (4) statically supports the frame (2), and wherein the support plate (4) is connected to the frame (2) in an unreleasable or conditionally detachable manner.

2. The frame formwork element (1) according to claim 1,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the thickness of the support plate (4) is 30% to 80%, preferably 40% to 80%, more preferably 40% to 70%, particularly preferably 50% to 70%, and very particularly preferably 50% to 60% of the thickness of the template skin (3).

3. The frame formwork element (1) according to claim 1 or 2,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the support plate (4) has a thickness of 6mm to 14mm, preferably 7mm to 13mm, more preferably 8mm to 12mm, particularly preferably 8mm to 11mm, very particularly preferably 8mm to 10mm, in particular 9mm.

4. The frame formwork element (1) of one of claims 1 to 3,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the support plate (4) is connected to the frame (2) in a force-fitting manner and/or in a material-fitting manner and/or in a form-fitting manner.

5. The frame formwork element (1) of one of claims 1 to 4,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the support plate (4) is glued and/or welded and/or soldered and/or riveted and/or screwed and/or nailed to the frame (2).

6. Frame formwork element (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 5

It is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the supporting plate (4) is designed to be a metal plate, a plastic plate, a plate made of fiber composite materials, a wood plate or a composite plate.

7. The frame formwork element (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the support plate (4) has an opening (6 a) for removing the wear plate (5) and/or a hole (6 b) for fixing the wear plate.

8. The frame formwork element (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 7,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the support plate (4) divides a plurality of support plate segments (40, 41, 42), each support plate segment (40, 41, 42) covering a corresponding segment (7) of the frame (2).

9. The frame formwork element (1) according to claim 8,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the frame (2) has, on its front side facing the support plate (4), a projection (8) projecting in the direction of the support plate (4), which projection (8) defines a segment (7), wherein the support plate segments (40, 41, 42) are inserted into the segment (7) such that each of the support plate segments (40, 41, 42) has an edge (9) resting on at least one of the projections (8), at least one edge region of a support plate segment (40, 41, 42) facing the rear side of the frame (2) adjacent to the edge (9) resting on a surface of the front side of the frame (2) adjacent to the projection (8).

10. The frame formwork element (1) of one of claims 1 to 9,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the wear plates (5) are nailed and/or screwed and/or riveted and/or detachably glued to the support plate (4).

11. The frame formwork element (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 10,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the wear plate (5) has a thickness of 4mm to 11mm, preferably 5mm to 10mm, more preferably 6mm to 10mm, particularly preferably 7mm to 10mm, and particularly 8mm.

12. A formwork system (11) with at least two frame formwork elements (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 11, and a plurality of anchor rods (12) for supporting the frame formwork elements (1) at a distance from each other.