CN115293664B - GIS-based detailed evaluation method for production suitability of agriculture and animal husbandry at county level of oasis - Google Patents
GIS-based detailed evaluation method for production suitability of agriculture and animal husbandry at county level of oasis Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of data processing suitable for administration, and provides a GIS-based method for refining and evaluating the production suitability of agriculture and animal husbandry at the level of arid oasis county. The method comprises three aspects of fine evaluation of the county-level regional planting suitability, the animal husbandry suitability and the comprehensive suitability of the farming and animal husbandry, single evaluation based on a single factor and comprehensive evaluation based on multiple factors are respectively carried out on the planting industry and the animal husbandry, evaluation results of the production suitability of the county-level regional planting industry and the animal husbandry are correspondingly obtained, then the evaluation results of the production suitability of the planting industry and the animal husbandry are respectively corrected by comprehensively considering multiple factors, the corrected evaluation results of the planting industry and the animal husbandry suitability are correspondingly formed, further comprehensive evaluation of the farming and animal husbandry suitability is carried out according to the corrected evaluation results of the planting industry and the animal husbandry suitability, the final comprehensive evaluation result of the farming and animal husbandry suitability is obtained, and the precision of the farming and animal husbandry suitability evaluation of the county-level regional arid oasis improved through the method.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of data processing suitable for administration, in particular to a GIS-based method for refining and evaluating production suitability of arid oasis county-level agriculture and animal husbandry.
Background
Suitability refers to whether a certain specific development activity (agricultural application, urbanization site selection, crop type layout, road route selection, tree planting and forestation and the like) in a certain region space is matched with basic conditions and capacity in the region of the space, and the suitable process is a dynamic change process.
The land space development suitability refers to the suitability of the land space in a certain region (province, land, county, village and town, etc.) for different development and utilization modes such as urbanization, industrialization, agricultural production, tourism development, ecological protection, etc.; the suitability is determined by the resource and environment bearing capacity, economic development foundation and potential of the area. Among them, agricultural production suitability is one of the components of the suitability for the development of the homeland space.
The evaluation of the suitability of the homeland space development comprises three aspects of evaluation of ecological protection importance, evaluation of the suitability of agricultural production (planting, animal husbandry and fishery) and evaluation of the suitability of urban construction, the traditional suitability evaluation is carried out based on a working guideline of resource environment bearing capacity and a method guideline for evaluating the suitability of the homeland space development (trial implementation) ("double evaluation") of homeland space planning, the working guideline makes requirements on two-level double evaluation in province (city and autonomous region) and region (city and state), and the result of regional double evaluation is executed in principle in a specified county-level region. However, in practical work, it is found that for some western arid regions, because the area of each county is large and the situation of each county is different, if the result of performing the "double evaluation" at the region level is executed, the precision of the evaluation result data is insufficient, and the actual use requirement is difficult to meet.
Therefore, there is a need to provide an improved solution to the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a GIS-based method for evaluating the production suitability of arid oasis county-level agriculture and animal husbandry in a refining manner so as to solve or alleviate the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical solutions:
the application provides a GIS-based method for carrying out detailed evaluation on production suitability of agriculture and animal husbandry at the county level of arid oasis, which comprises the following steps:
s101, acquiring a primary suitability grade of the planting industry;
s102, correcting the preliminary suitability grade of the planting industry based on an environmental factor and a meteorological disaster factor to obtain a correction result of the preliminary suitability grade of the planting industry;
s103, performing aggregation operation on the correction result of the preliminary suitability level of the planting industry based on a space aggregation algorithm to determine a production suitability partition of the planting industry;
s104, correcting the planting industry production suitability subarea by using land utilization data, and determining a planting industry production suitability evaluation result;
s105, acquiring a preliminary suitability grade of animal husbandry;
s106, correcting the preliminary suitability grade of the animal husbandry based on the meteorological disaster factors, the space aggregation algorithm and the land utilization data to obtain an animal husbandry production suitability evaluation result;
and S107, obtaining a comprehensive evaluation result of the production suitability of the farming and animal husbandry based on the evaluation result of the production suitability of the farming and animal husbandry and the evaluation result of the production suitability of the animal husbandry.
Preferably, in step S101, the obtaining of the preliminary suitability level of the planting industry specifically includes:
s111, evaluating the planting industry based on a single factor through land resources, water resources and climate resources to obtain a basic evaluation result of the water and soil resources, wherein the basic evaluation result of the water and soil resources at least comprises an agricultural cultivation condition grade chart, a first water resource abundance grade and a photo-thermal condition grade;
step S112, determining a water and soil resource basic grade based on the agricultural cultivation condition grade map and the first water resource abundance grade;
and S113, determining the primary suitability grade of the planting industry based on the photo-thermal condition grade and the water and soil resource basic grade.
Preferably, in step S111, the first water resource abundance level is obtained by:
measuring and calculating the average precipitation per year of the arid oasis county-level region, and dividing each evaluation unit in the arid oasis county-level region into a plurality of precipitation levels according to the average precipitation per year of the arid oasis county-level region;
and calculating the water total amount control index modulus of the arid oasis county-level region, and dividing each evaluation unit in the arid oasis county-level region into a plurality of water total amount grades according to the water total amount control index modulus of the arid oasis county-level region.
Preferably, in step S111, the agricultural cultivation condition map grade is obtained by:
calculating the gradient of each grid unit in the digital topographic map based on the pre-acquired digital topographic map, and generating a gradient grading map according to the gradient of each grid unit;
dividing the utilization degree of land resources into a plurality of grades by combining an elevation classification chart on the basis of the gradient classification chart so as to generate a preliminary agricultural cultivation condition grade;
and correcting the preliminary agricultural cultivation condition grade based on the content of the silt of the soil to obtain the agricultural cultivation condition grade map.
Preferably, in step S111, the grade of photothermal conditions is obtained by:
acquiring first accumulated temperature data;
carrying out spatial interpolation on the first accumulated temperature data and grading according to the accumulated temperature to generate a movable accumulated temperature grading graph;
and acquiring second accumulated temperature data, and setting the suitability of the planting industry in the area where the second accumulated temperature data is smaller than a preset accumulated temperature threshold value as an agricultural unsuitable area.
Preferably, in step S105, the obtaining of the preliminary suitability level of animal husbandry includes:
s121, evaluating the animal husbandry based on a single factor through grassland resources, land resources and water resources to obtain a basic evaluation result of the aquatic weed resources, wherein the basic evaluation result of the aquatic weed resources at least comprises a grassland resource grade, a land utilization degree grade and a second water resource abundance grade;
s122, determining a basic level of the aquatic weed resource based on the grassland resource level and the second water resource abundance level;
and S123, determining a preliminary suitability grade of animal husbandry based on the land utilization degree grade and the basic grade of the aquatic grass resources.
Preferably, the grass resource rating is obtained by:
calculating the total amount of hay in unit area to generate a pasture yield map;
calculating the theoretical livestock carrying capacity of the grassland according to the pasture yield graph;
and determining the grassland resource grade based on the pasture yield graph and the theoretical stock carrying capacity of the grassland.
Preferably, the second water resource abundance level is obtained by the following steps:
determining a water supply source available for animal husbandry;
calculating a water supply distance between each grid unit and a water supply source based on the grid units in the land utilization degree grade;
and dividing the water resource abundance into a plurality of grades according to the water supply distance to obtain a second water resource abundance grade map.
Preferably, in step S107, the comprehensive evaluation result of the suitability for the farming and animal husbandry is obtained based on the evaluation result of the suitability for the farming and animal husbandry production, and specifically includes:
merging the areas suitable for the animal husbandry in the farming areas into the areas suitable for the animal husbandry in the cultivation industry production suitability evaluation result based on the cultivation industry production suitability evaluation result and the animal husbandry production suitability evaluation result to obtain areas suitable for the cultivation industry production, areas suitable for the animal husbandry in the animal husbandry areas and areas unsuitable for the agriculture;
and adding the areas suitable for the production of the planting industry and the areas suitable for the animal husbandry in the pasturing area to generate a comprehensive evaluation result of the suitability for the production of the farming and animal husbandry.
Has the advantages that:
according to the technical scheme, aiming at the detailed evaluation of the suitability of the planting industry, a preliminary suitability grade of the planting industry is formed through single evaluation based on a single factor and comprehensive evaluation based on multiple factors, and then various factors such as environmental factors, meteorological disaster factors and space aggregation are comprehensively considered, the preliminary suitability grade of the planting industry is corrected (degraded, promoted and eliminated), and a final suitability evaluation result of the production of the planting industry is obtained; aiming at the detailed evaluation of the suitability of the animal husbandry, acquiring the preliminary suitability grade of the animal husbandry through single evaluation based on a single factor and comprehensive evaluation based on multiple factors, and then correcting the preliminary suitability grade of the animal husbandry by integrating meteorological disaster factors, a space aggregation algorithm and latest land utilization data to obtain a final suitability evaluation result of the animal husbandry production; and finally, synthesizing the production suitability evaluation results of the two aspects of the planting industry and the animal husbandry to generate a comprehensive evaluation result of the production suitability of the farming and animal husbandry. Therefore, a whole set of integrated technical method is provided for the detailed evaluation of the agricultural and animal husbandry production suitability of the county-level area of the western arid oasis area, the scientific and standardized level of the agricultural and animal husbandry production suitability evaluation of the county-level area of the arid oasis area is greatly improved, and the data precision of the agricultural and animal husbandry production suitability evaluation result is improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and, together with the description, serve to explain the application and are not intended to limit the application. Wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic overall logic diagram of a GIS-based method for refining assessment of suitability of production in rural and grazing husbandry at the county level of arid oasis provided in accordance with some embodiments of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow diagram of a GIS-based method for refining assessment of suitability for agricultural and animal husbandry production at arid oasis county level provided in accordance with some embodiments of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic technical logic diagram of a detailed evaluation method for production suitability of agriculture and animal husbandry at arid oasis county level based on GIS according to some embodiments of the present application.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings. The various examples are provided by way of explanation of the application and are not limiting of the application. In fact, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and variations can be made in the present application without departing from the scope or spirit thereof. For instance, features illustrated or described as part of one embodiment, can be used with another embodiment to yield a still further embodiment. It is therefore intended that the present application cover the modifications and variations of this invention provided they come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.
In the following description, references to the terms "first/second/third" are only to distinguish similar objects and do not denote a particular order, but rather "first/second/third" may, where permissible, be interchanged with a particular order or sequence so that the embodiments of the present application described herein may be practiced other than as specifically illustrated or described herein.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing embodiments of the disclosure only and is not intended to be limiting of the disclosure.
As described in the background section, the suitability of the development of the homeland space is determined by the resource environment bearing capacity, the economic development basis and the potential of the region, and when the suitability of different development and utilization modes of different regions is determined, the main resource environment risk types faced by the development of the homeland space need to be screened, the difference of the resource environment risks in the space is identified, and the bearing state is judged; secondly, the utilization condition of development needs to be investigated and researched, the development and utilization risks of the layout space such as urbanization, industry, traffic facilities, energy development, grain and the like are evaluated, and the bottom line of the ecological environment and the upper limit of the resource utilization are determined. Therefore, the evaluation of the suitability of the territorial space development is based on the resource environment bearing capacity, combines the social and economic development characteristics of the region, the human production and living style, the government policies and other factors, and comprehensively evaluates the suitability of the territorial space development and the protection, is an important basis for reasonably dividing the development boundaries of towns, agriculture, ecological spaces, ecological protection red lines, permanent basic farmlands and towns (three-region three-line for short), and is also a scientific reference for measuring the territorial development strength threshold range and formulating comprehensive control measures.
Since the "double-evaluation" work guide specifies only two levels of "double evaluation" of provinces (cities, municipalities) and regions (cities, states), and requires a county-level area to perform a region-level "double-evaluation" result in principle, the region (cities, states) level is a unit of county, a grid cell (for example, a grid cell size of 30m × 30 m) in grid data of a specific resolution is used as an evaluation cell, the evaluation results are collectively submitted for each county, and an evaluation result map is drawn; the county level area takes villages and towns as units, the evaluation unit of the county level area is more precise and can reach 20m multiplied by 20m and higher precision, the results are summarized and submitted according to each village and each town, and because the data precision of the villages and the towns is higher, if the evaluation is carried out according to the existing double-evaluation standard of the district (city and state) level, the precision of the evaluation result is difficult to meet the actual use requirement, for example, the superposition of the evaluation result with the towns and the villages is inaccurate, the precision degree of the statistical result is insufficient, and the like.
In order to improve the precision of the ' double evaluation ' result of the county-level region of the arid oasis area, after the ' double evaluation ' of the county-level region is finished, aiming at county conditions of different counties, the application provides a GIS-based detailed evaluation method for the production suitability of the county-level farming and animal husbandry of the arid oasis area, which is based on the GIS's multi-layer superposition and hierarchical judgment and evaluation method to realize the detailed evaluation of the production suitability of the county-level region of the arid oasis area, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: firstly, carrying out detailed evaluation on the suitability of the animal husbandry, forming the preliminary suitability grade of the animal husbandry of each evaluation unit through single evaluation based on a single factor and comprehensive evaluation based on multiple factors, further comprehensively considering multiple factors to correct (degrade, promote and eliminate) the preliminary suitability grade of the animal husbandry of each evaluation unit, forming a final evaluation result of the suitability of the animal husbandry production, secondly, carrying out detailed evaluation on the suitability of the animal husbandry, forming the preliminary suitability grade of the animal husbandry through single evaluation based on the single factor and comprehensive evaluation based on the multiple factors, further comprehensively modifying and eliminating the multiple factors and carrying out spatial polymerization to form a final evaluation result of the suitability of the animal husbandry production; and finally, comprehensively evaluating and refining the suitability of the farming and animal husbandry, comprehensively evaluating the two aspects of the suitability of the farming and animal husbandry production and the suitability of the animal husbandry production, merging the suitable regions of the farming and animal husbandry in the farming and animal husbandry production into the suitable regions of the farming and animal husbandry production in the evaluation result of the suitability of the farming and animal husbandry to obtain suitable regions of the farming and animal husbandry in the farming and animal husbandry production, adding the two suitable regions of the farming and animal husbandry in the farming and animal husbandry to obtain suitable regions of the agricultural production, and generating a comprehensive evaluation result of the suitability of the farming and animal husbandry production. The method greatly improves the standardization and scientificity of county-level double evaluation in the arid oasis area.
Exemplary method
The embodiment of the application provides a GIS-based method for refining and evaluating the production suitability of agriculture and animal husbandry at the county level of arid oasis, as shown in figures 1 to 3, the method comprises the following steps:
and S101, acquiring a preliminary suitability grade of the planting industry.
The planting production suitability evaluation is based on water, soil, light and heat combination conditions, and is combined with factors such as soil environment quality, meteorological disasters and the like to evaluate the planting production suitability. The higher the water resource abundance is, the flatter the topography (with the slope sign) is, the better the soil fertility is, the more sufficient light and heat is, the better the soil environment quality is, meteorological disaster risk is lower, salinization degree is lower, and the land parcel scale links the side piece degree higher, more suitable planting production.
The planting suitability evaluation method is characterized in that single-factor-based evaluation is carried out through land, water, climate resources, environment and disaster factors to generate a preliminary suitability evaluation result; further carrying out comprehensive evaluation based on multiple factors, and respectively screening and processing the primary evaluation results; finally, factor data such as environmental quality and disaster risk are superposed to correct, degrade or upgrade the factor data; in addition, the land utilization data is superposed, the land with the attributes of bare land, gobi, saline-alkali land, sandy land, marshland and the like is excluded from the suitable area, and the town construction and the industrial and mining area type land which cannot be engaged in the planting industry in the future are excluded. Finally generating the result of the detailed evaluation of the suitability of the planting industry. The planting suitability evaluation method and process in the examples of the present application are described in detail below.
In specific implementation, the step S101 of obtaining the preliminary suitability level of the planting industry specifically includes the following steps:
and S111, evaluating the planting industry based on a single factor through land resources, water resources and climate resources to correspondingly obtain an agricultural cultivation condition grade map, a first water resource abundance grade and a photo-thermal condition grade.
It should be noted that, considering that only a small amount of oasis can be used for the development of the planting industry in northwest arid regions of China, unique consideration according to local conditions is made on an evaluation index system, for example, water resource abundance, refined different abundance evaluations are made according to villages and towns, and refined differential indexes must be made because of huge water resource difference between oasis and deserts; as another example, the precipitation amount in the upstream mountain area may be nearly 500mm, but the precipitation amount in the downstream desert area is nearly zero, so the consideration of the precipitation amount and the utilization power are also different from different villages, and a refined evaluation index is made.
The step of evaluating the basic suitability of the county-area planting industry is explained in detail according to each single factor of land resources, water resources and climate resources.
For land resource factors, in some embodiments, the agricultural cultivation condition map grade is obtained by: calculating the gradient of each grid unit in the digital topographic map based on the digital topographic map which is acquired in advance, and generating a gradient grading map according to the gradient of each grid unit; dividing the utilization degree of land resources into a plurality of grades by combining an elevation classification chart on the basis of the gradient classification chart so as to generate a preliminary agricultural cultivation condition grade; and correcting the grade of the preliminary agricultural cultivation condition based on the content of the silt of the soil to obtain a grade map of the agricultural cultivation condition.
When the method is specifically implemented, firstly, the gradient of the grid unit is calculated on the basis of a digital topographic map which is acquired in advance, and a gradient grading map is generated according to the angle of <3 degrees, the angle of 3 degrees to 8 degrees, the angle of 8 degrees to 15 degrees, the angle of 15 degrees to 25 degrees and the angle of > 25 degrees. Wherein the digital topographic map may be obtained in advance from the relevant data production department.
On the basis of a digital topographic map, according to the topographic features of county-level regions, vertical zonal forest and grass boundaries, farming and animal husbandry boundaries and planting industry maturity, determining an elevation grading threshold value, and generating an elevation grading map according to the height of less than 500m, 500-1500, 1500-3000, 3000-4900 and the height of more than or equal to 4900.
Secondly, on the basis of gradient grading results, the utilization degree of land resources is divided into 5 types of high type, medium type, low type and medium type by combining an elevation grading map. In the area with the elevation more than or equal to 4900, the 'agricultural cultivation condition' is directly set as the lowest grade; and in the area with the elevation between 3000 and 4900, the gradient is graded by 2 grades to be used as the grade of the 'agricultural cultivation condition' in the area, so as to obtain the primary agricultural cultivation condition grade.
Thirdly, correcting the grade of the preliminary agricultural cultivation condition based on the content of the silt of the soil, setting the grade of the agricultural cultivation condition to be the lowest grade in the area with the content of the silt of the soil being more than or equal to 80%, and reducing the grade of the agricultural cultivation condition to be 1 grade in the area with the content of the silt of more than or equal to 60% and less than 80%, thereby obtaining a grade chart of the agricultural cultivation condition. Soil fertility is represented through soil silt content, areas where the soil fertility is not suitable for planting production are degraded or evaluated as regions where the planting is not suitable, and accuracy of evaluation results is improved.
And evaluating the water resource factor to obtain a first water resource abundance grade. In some embodiments, the first water resource abundance level is obtained by:
measuring and calculating the average precipitation of many years in the arid oasis county-level region, and dividing each evaluation unit in the arid oasis county-level region into a plurality of precipitation levels according to the average precipitation of many years in the arid oasis county-level region; and calculating the water total amount control index modulus of the arid oasis county-level region, and dividing each evaluation unit in the arid oasis county-level region into a plurality of water total amount grades according to the water total amount control index modulus of the arid oasis county-level region.
In specific implementation, firstly, the average precipitation of each evaluation unit in an arid oasis county-level area for many years is calculated, and the evaluation units are divided into 5 precipitation grades of very wet, humid, semi-arid and arid according to the average precipitation of more than 1200mm, 800-1200mm, 400-800mm, 200-400mm and less than 200 mm.
Secondly, calculating the total water consumption control index modulus of each region. Areas with large ratio of crossing water sources in agricultural water supply structures such as northwest can determine drought degree according to water total amount control indexes, and are divided into good, normal, poor and 5 different water total amount levels according to the water total amount control index modulus of more than or equal to 13 km, 5-13 ten thousand, 3-5 ten thousand, 1-3 ten thousand and less than 1 ten thousand (water total amount control index modulus = administrative division total water control amount divided by administrative division area; and for oasis areas, water total amount control index modulus = administrative division agricultural water control amount divided by administrative division agricultural area divided by administrative division area current agricultural area).
And comprehensively considering the precipitation grade and the total water consumption grade, and determining the water resource abundance grade according to the evaluation matrix table, thereby obtaining a first water resource abundance grade map.
For the climate resource factor, in some embodiments, the photothermal condition rating of each evaluation unit is obtained by: acquiring first accumulated temperature data; carrying out spatial interpolation on the first accumulated temperature data and grading according to the accumulated temperature to generate a movable accumulated temperature grading graph; and acquiring second accumulated temperature data, and setting the suitability of the planting industry in the area where the second accumulated temperature data is smaller than a preset accumulated temperature threshold value as an agricultural unsuitable area.
Specifically, when determining the grade of the photo-thermal condition, firstly, counting accumulated temperatures (namely first accumulated temperature data) of which the daily average temperature is more than or equal to 10 ℃ in one year, and obtaining an active accumulated temperature map layer through spatial interpolation; then, the moving accumulated temperature grading diagram is generated according to the temperature of less than 1600 ℃, 1600-2500 ℃, 2500-3800 ℃, 3800-4400 ℃ and more than 4400 ℃. In addition, the accumulated temperature (namely, second accumulated temperature data) of which the daily average temperature is more than or equal to 0 ℃ within one year is counted, and for the area of which the accumulated temperature at 0 ℃ is less than a preset accumulated temperature threshold (for example, 1500 ℃), the agricultural production environmental condition is directly the worst level, namely the planting suitability of the area is set as an agricultural unsuitable area.
In addition to single factor based evaluation of the plantation by land resources, water resources, and climate resources, in order to characterize the impact of soil environmental quality on the evaluation of the suitability of the plantation, in some embodiments, the single factor based evaluation of the suitability of the plantation further comprises: and evaluating the suitability of the planting industry based on the environmental factors and the disaster factors.
In specific implementation, the environmental factors at least comprise water and soil pollution and soil salinization sensitivity levels, and the disaster factors at least comprise: risk of meteorological disasters. The environmental factors and the disaster factors are evaluated by the following steps:
firstly, obtaining a region with high risk of water and soil pollution. The method comprises the steps of combining four data of a soil pollution risk plot of a target area, a soil pollution risk key industrial park, a nonferrous metal mining and sorting enterprise and a tailing pond three soil pollution risk area and a water environment key control area, wherein the combined areas are water and soil pollution high-risk areas of the target area.
And secondly, obtaining grade distribution data of soil salinization sensitivity.
And thirdly, calculating the risk of the meteorological disaster. According to different conditions of each county, determining disaster species which affect the planting industry, such as drought, flood, low-temperature cold tide, strong wind, sand storm, hail and the like. And determining the high-risk areas of the meteorological disasters according to the disaster-affected frequency and the influence range of the past year and the relevant data of meteorological bureaus in each county.
After the basic evaluation results of the water and soil resources are formed, directly evaluating the area with the highest evaluation level in the basic evaluation results of the water and soil resources as a planting industry production suitable area, and directly evaluating the area with the lowest evaluation level as a planting industry unsuitable area; for the intermediate grade, filtering and modifying the intermediate grade by integrating environmental pollution factors, meteorological disaster factors, soil salinization and the like; then, a space aggregation algorithm is applied, the area which is sliced into a scale is taken as an area with high suitability in consideration of the continuous slice degree of the area, and scattered suitable areas are removed.
The linkage degree is used for representing the breaking degree of the pattern spots related to the basic evaluation result of the planting water and soil resources in the target area, and the linkage degree corresponding to the basic evaluation result of the planting water and soil resources is also called the farmland breaking degree.
The basic evaluation based on water and soil resource integration is explained in detail below, and specifically comprises the following steps:
and S112, determining a water and soil resource basic grade based on the agricultural cultivation condition grade map and the first water resource abundance grade.
And S113, determining the primary suitability grade of the planting industry based on the photo-thermal condition grade and the water and soil resource basic grade.
After determining the preliminary suitability level for the plantation industry, it is amended on the basis of environmental and disaster factors, in particular:
and S102, correcting the preliminary suitability grade of the planting industry based on the environmental factor and the meteorological disaster factor to obtain a corrected result.
In practical application, firstly, the preliminary suitability grade of the planting industry is corrected by applying the water and soil pollution high-risk area, namely, the preliminary suitability grade of the planting industry is reduced by two grades in the water and soil pollution high-risk area.
Secondly, the suitability grade is corrected by applying the salinization sensitivity grade distribution of the soil and the high-risk area of the meteorological disaster, namely the preliminary suitability grade of the planting industry is reduced by one grade in the area with extremely high salinization sensitivity; in the area with high risk of the meteorological disasters, the primary suitability grade of the planting industry is adjusted to be 5 grade and 4 grade, so that the correction result of the primary suitability grade of the planting industry is obtained.
And S103, performing aggregation operation on the corrected result of the preliminary suitability level of the planting industry based on a space aggregation algorithm, and determining a production suitability partition of the planting industry.
Specifically, the space unit with the grade of 1 is directly classified as the unsuitable area of the planting industry according to the correction result of the preliminary suitability grade of the planting industry. And the space units with the grade of 5 are used as alternative areas of the production suitable area of the planting industry, and the space units with the grade of 4 higher, 3 medium and 2 lower are used as alternative areas of the general suitable area.
For the planting suitable area and the general suitable area (the grid units with the grades of 5 higher, 4 higher, 3 common and 2 lower), the space units are polymerized by taking 30m as the polymerization radius; preliminarily determining the block continuous scale grade based on a preset continuous scale grade reference threshold according to the area of the aggregation result pattern spot; and determining the production suitability subarea of the planting industry by a discrimination matrix according to the grade of the land parcel continuity.
And S104, correcting the planting industry production suitability subarea by using the land utilization data, and determining a planting industry production suitability evaluation result.
After determining the planting industry production suitability sub-zone, in order to further improve the accuracy of the evaluation results, the final evaluation results of the planting industry suitability need to be determined using the latest land use data.
In the specific application, the planting industry production suitability subarea and the latest land utilization data are calculated, and the ecological protection important area is deducted from the planting industry production suitability subarea; deducting town construction and mining area types which cannot be engaged in planting industry in the future; and deducting bare land, gobi, saline-alkali land, sandy land, marshland and the like in the current land utilization, thereby obtaining the planting industry production suitability evaluation result, namely a planting industry suitability evaluation result graph.
And S105, acquiring a preliminary suitability grade of animal husbandry.
It should be noted that the animal husbandry is divided into animal husbandry in pasturing areas and animal husbandry in farming areas with main part of grazing and barn feeding, and the annual precipitation 400mm isoline or the 3200 ℃ isoline with the accumulated temperature above 10 ℃ is the boundary line between the pasturing area and the farming area. Therefore, the type of animal husbandry can be determined and suitability evaluation can be carried out according to local natural geographic conditions.
Wherein, the animal husbandry in the pasturing area is mainly distributed in arid and semiarid areas and is greatly restricted by natural conditions. The higher the grassland forage production capacity (high-quality grassland), the lower the risk of meteorological disasters such as snow disaster, wind disaster and the like, and the flatter and relatively concentrated terrain, the more suitable for animal husbandry production in pastoral areas.
According to the principle, the animal husbandry suitability evaluation method is mainly used for evaluating factors such as grassland resources, land resources, water resources, disaster risks and the like to generate a preliminary suitability evaluation result; after a basic evaluation result of the aquatic weed resource is formed, comprehensive evaluation based on multiple factors is carried out, and the primary evaluation results are respectively screened and processed; and finally, further combining data such as disasters, space aggregation, land utilization and the like to correct, degrade, upgrade or eliminate the data. Finally generating the result of the animal husbandry suitability detailed evaluation. The animal husbandry suitability evaluation method and procedure in the examples of the present application are described in detail below.
The obtaining of the preliminary suitability level of the animal husbandry in the step S105 specifically includes the following steps:
and S121, evaluating the animal husbandry based on a single factor through the grassland resource, the land resource and the water resource to obtain a basic evaluation result of the aquatic weed resource, wherein the basic evaluation result of the aquatic weed resource at least comprises a grassland resource grade, a land utilization degree grade and a second water resource abundance grade.
It should be noted that, aiming at oasis, river valleys and mountain land areas in northwest arid areas of China, on the evaluation index system of animal husbandry development, local conditions are adjusted, and the calculation method of animal load is also unique in areas.
The following describes in detail the procedure of the county-level animal husbandry suitability evaluation according to each single factor of the grassland resource, the land resource and the water resource.
The grassland resource factor is mainly used for calculating the grassland resource grade. In specific implementation, the grassland resource grade is obtained through the following steps: calculating the total amount of hay in unit area to generate a pasture yield map; calculating the theoretical livestock carrying capacity of the grassland according to the pasture yield graph; and determining the grassland resource grade based on the pasture yield graph and the theoretical livestock carrying capacity of the grassland.
In a specific embodiment, first, the total hay amount per unit area of the target region is calculated. And superposing a Net primary productivity data (NPP) product based on remote sensing and a coverage classification product to obtain a Chinese grassland NPP estimated by remote sensing, and thus obtaining a pasture yield map of a target area. And secondly, calculating the theoretical stock carrying capacity of the grassland of the target area according to the pasture yield map of the target area. When the theoretical livestock carrying capacity of the grassland in the target area is calculated, compared with the traditional method that the livestock carrying capacity of the grassland is expressed by using a livestock unit method (the number of adult livestock can be stocked in the grassland with a certain area for one year), the unit generally adopts a sheep unit, and the method has the advantages that the theoretical livestock carrying capacity of the grassland is more scientific and reasonable according to the grass yield of the grassland from the application angle. Thirdly, determining the grassland resource grade through a discrimination matrix according to the grassland yield and the ideal livestock carrying capacity.
And aiming at the land resources, evaluating by adopting a method similar to the land resource evaluation in the planting industry evaluation. That is, first, based on the digital topographic map, the gradient of the grid unit is calculated, and a gradient grading map is generated according to the gradient of less than or equal to 10 degrees, 10 degrees to 20 degrees, 20 degrees to 30 degrees, 30 degrees to 35 degrees and more than 35 degrees.
Secondly, a land use level grade is determined. And on the basis of the gradient grading result, dividing the utilization degree of land resources into 5 types of high type, medium type, low type and medium type.
Evaluating the water resource factor to obtain a second water resource abundance level, which in some embodiments is obtained by: determining a water supply source available for animal husbandry; calculating a water supply distance between each grid unit and a water supply source based on the grid units in the land utilization degree grade; and dividing the water resource abundance into a plurality of grades according to the water supply distance to obtain a second water resource abundance grade.
Specifically, a water supply source available for animal husbandry, such as rivers, lakes and the like, is determined, then the water supply distance between each grid unit and the water supply source is calculated based on grids evaluated by land resources, then the water supply distance is divided into 5 grades, namely a second water resource abundance grade, according to the grades of less than or equal to 2.5km, 2.5-5km, 5-7.5km, 7.5-10km and more than 10 \13214m.
In addition to the individual single factors of herbicidal land, land and water resources, in some embodiments, the single factor-based suitability assessment for animal husbandry further comprises: and directly evaluating the suitability of the planting industry based on disaster risks.
The disaster risk at least comprises meteorological disaster risk, and the calculation process comprises the following steps: according to different conditions of each county, determining disaster types such as snow disasters, wind disasters and the like which affect the animal husbandry, and according to the disaster suffering frequency and the influence range of the past year and relevant data of meteorological bureaus of each county, determining a meteorological disaster high-risk area.
After obtaining the basic evaluation result of the aquatic weed resources based on single-factor evaluation, directly evaluating the area with the highest evaluation level in the basic evaluation result of the aquatic weed resources as a suitable area, and directly evaluating the area with the lowest evaluation level as an unsuitable area for animal husbandry; for the intermediate level, a spatial aggregation algorithm is applied, the flaked area is taken as an area with high suitability in consideration of the flakiness (flakiness for representing grass breakage) of the area, and scattered suitable areas are removed.
The process of determining the preliminary suitability grade of animal husbandry on the basis of the basic evaluation result of the aquatic weed resources is described in detail below, and specifically comprises the following steps:
and S122, determining a basic level of the aquatic weed resource based on the grassland resource level and the second water resource abundance level.
And S123, determining a preliminary suitability grade of animal husbandry based on the land utilization degree grade and the basic grade of the aquatic grass resources.
After determining the animal husbandry preliminary suitability level, the animal husbandry preliminary suitability level is corrected based on the disaster, space aggregation and land utilization data, via step S106:
and S106, correcting the preliminary suitability grade of the animal husbandry based on the meteorological disaster factors, the space aggregation algorithm and the land utilization data to obtain an animal husbandry production suitability evaluation result.
In specific implementation, firstly, the weather disaster risk level is applied, and the suitability level is corrected. The risk of meteorological disasters is high, and the preliminary result is 5-level adjustment to 4-level adjustment.
Then, calculating the block connection degree of the animal husbandry in the pasturing area, wherein the polymerization distance is 100 meters; according to the block connection degree of the grassland in the animal husbandry, the suitability subarea of the animal husbandry production in the pastoral area is determined by the judgment matrix.
Finally, deducting the most important ecological protection area from the animal husbandry production suitability evaluation result according to the latest land utilization data; deducting town construction and mining area types which cannot be engaged in animal husbandry in the future; and (4) deducting bare land, gobi, saline-alkali land, sandy land, marshland and the like in the current land utilization to obtain the animal husbandry production suitability evaluation result in each county area of the target area.
And S107, obtaining a comprehensive evaluation result of the production suitability of the farming and animal husbandry based on the evaluation result of the production suitability of the farming and animal husbandry and the evaluation result of the production suitability of the farming and animal husbandry.
In some embodiments, in step S107, based on the cultivation industry production suitability evaluation result and the animal husbandry production suitability evaluation result, a comprehensive evaluation result of the agriculture and animal husbandry production suitability is obtained, specifically:
based on the planting industry production suitability evaluation result and the animal husbandry production suitability evaluation result, merging the suitable areas for the animal husbandry in the farming area into the suitable areas for the animal husbandry production (called suitable areas for the planting industry for short) in the planting industry production suitability evaluation result to obtain suitable areas for the planting industry production, suitable areas for the animal husbandry in the animal husbandry area (called suitable areas for the animal husbandry for short) and unsuitable areas for the agriculture; and adding the planting production suitable area and the animal husbandry suitable area in the pastoral area to obtain the agricultural production suitable area so as to generate a comprehensive evaluation result of the agricultural and animal husbandry production suitability.
Exemplary applications
Taking area A of province X as an example, the method for carrying out agriculture and animal husbandry generation suitability evaluation on area A of province X by applying the GIS-based drought oasis county-level agriculture and animal husbandry production suitability refined evaluation method provided by the embodiment of the application is applied, after the comprehensive evaluation result of area A is obtained, 10 county-level areas under the jurisdiction of area A are subjected to refined evaluation, and county-town and village-level comprehensive refined evaluation results are generated, wherein the comprehensive refined evaluation results comprise a county-level area agricultural production suitability evaluation result graph and a county-level area agricultural production suitability evaluation summary data table. The result shows that the distribution range of the areas suitable for the plantation production, the areas suitable for the animal husbandry and the areas unsuitable for agriculture in the range of villages and towns in 10 county-level areas is clear, the boundary line of the pattern spots is clear, the precision of summarized data is high, and the requirement of optimizing the territorial spatial layout can be met.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (1)
1. A GIS-based method for evaluating the production suitability of arid oasis county-level agriculture and animal husbandry is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s101, acquiring a primary suitability grade of the planting industry;
step S101 specifically includes:
s111, evaluating the planting industry based on a single factor through land resources, water resources and climate resources to obtain a basic evaluation result of the water and soil resources, wherein the basic evaluation result of the water and soil resources at least comprises an agricultural cultivation condition grade graph, a first water resource abundance grade and a photo-thermal condition grade;
step S112, determining a water and soil resource basic grade based on the agricultural cultivation condition grade map and the first water resource abundance grade;
s113, determining a primary suitability grade of the planting industry based on the photo-thermal condition grade and the water and soil resource basic grade;
in step S111, the first water resource abundance level is obtained through the following steps:
measuring and calculating the average precipitation per year of the arid oasis county-level region, and dividing each evaluation unit in the arid oasis county-level region into a plurality of precipitation levels according to the average precipitation per year of the arid oasis county-level region;
calculating a water total amount control index modulus of an arid oasis county-level region, and dividing each evaluation unit in the arid oasis county-level region into a plurality of water total amount grades according to the water total amount control index modulus of the arid oasis county-level region;
determining the first water resource abundance level according to an evaluation matrix table based on the precipitation level and the total water consumption level;
in step S111, the agricultural cultivation condition grade map is obtained by:
calculating the gradient of each grid unit in the digital topographic map based on the pre-acquired digital topographic map, and generating a gradient grading map according to the gradient of each grid unit;
dividing the utilization degree of land resources into a plurality of grades by taking the gradient grading map as a basis and combining an elevation grading map so as to generate a preliminary agricultural cultivation condition grade;
correcting the preliminary agricultural cultivation condition grade based on the content of the silt of the soil to obtain an agricultural cultivation condition grade map;
in step S111, the photo-thermal condition grade is obtained by:
acquiring first accumulated temperature data;
carrying out spatial interpolation on the first accumulated temperature data and grading according to the accumulated temperature to generate a movable accumulated temperature grading graph;
acquiring second accumulated temperature data, and setting the planting suitability of the area with the second accumulated temperature data smaller than a preset accumulated temperature threshold value as an agricultural unsuitable area;
s102, correcting the preliminary suitability grade of the planting industry based on the environmental factor and the meteorological disaster factor to obtain a correction result of the preliminary suitability grade of the planting industry;
step S103, performing aggregation operation on the corrected result of the preliminary suitability grade of the planting industry based on a space aggregation algorithm, and determining a production suitability partition of the planting industry;
s104, correcting the planting industry production suitability subarea by using land utilization data, and determining a planting industry production suitability evaluation result;
s105, acquiring a preliminary suitability grade of animal husbandry;
step S105 specifically includes:
s121, evaluating the animal husbandry based on a single factor through grassland resources, land resources and water resources to obtain a basic evaluation result of the aquatic weed resources, wherein the basic evaluation result of the aquatic weed resources at least comprises a grassland resource grade, a land utilization degree grade and a second water resource abundance grade;
step S122, determining a basic level of the aquatic weed resource based on the grassland resource level and the second water resource abundance level;
step S123, determining a preliminary suitability grade of animal husbandry based on the land utilization degree grade and the water grass resource basic grade;
the grassland resource grade is obtained by the following steps:
calculating the total amount of hay in unit area to generate a pasture yield map;
calculating theoretical stock carrying capacity of a grassland according to the pasture yield graph;
determining grassland resource grade based on the pasture yield graph and the theoretical livestock carrying capacity of the grassland;
the second water resource abundance grade is obtained by the following steps:
determining a water supply source available for animal husbandry;
calculating a water supply distance between each grid unit and a water supply source based on the grid units in the land utilization degree grade;
dividing the water resource abundance into a plurality of grades according to the water supply distance to obtain a second water resource abundance grade map;
s106, correcting the preliminary suitability grade of the animal husbandry based on meteorological disaster factors, a space aggregation algorithm and the land utilization data to obtain an animal husbandry production suitability evaluation result;
s107, obtaining a comprehensive evaluation result of the production suitability of the farming and animal husbandry based on the evaluation result of the production suitability of the farming and animal husbandry and the evaluation result of the production suitability of the animal husbandry;
step S107 specifically includes:
on the basis of the planting industry production suitability evaluation result and the animal husbandry production suitability evaluation result, merging the suitable farm areas and animal husbandry production areas in the farming industry production suitability evaluation result to obtain suitable planting industry production areas, suitable animal husbandry areas in the animal husbandry areas and unsuitable agricultural areas;
and adding the areas suitable for the production of the planting industry and the areas suitable for the animal husbandry in the pasturing area to generate a comprehensive evaluation result of the suitability for the production of the farming and animal husbandry.
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