CN115290425A - Detection device and method for simulating knee joint cartilage load - Google Patents
Detection device and method for simulating knee joint cartilage load Download PDFInfo
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- CN115290425A CN115290425A CN202211231013.0A CN202211231013A CN115290425A CN 115290425 A CN115290425 A CN 115290425A CN 202211231013 A CN202211231013 A CN 202211231013A CN 115290425 A CN115290425 A CN 115290425A
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Abstract
The application discloses a detection device and a detection method for simulating knee joint cartilage load, which relate to the technical field of detection equipment and comprise a supporting frame, a test column, a sample table and a sample clamp, wherein the sample table comprises a supporting bin body and a containing positioning column, and the supporting bin body is used for containing and positioning a platform bearing assembly and an air quantity adjusting assembly; the accommodating positioning column comprises a hollow column body, a bearing platform, a supporting rod, an annular diaphragm and an extrusion fixing assembly; the hollow column body is a hollow column with an opening at the top; the bearing platform is plate-shaped, the top end of the supporting rod is fixed at the bottom of the bearing platform, the annular diaphragm is an annular film made of rubber, and the extrusion fixing assembly is used for fixing the sample clamp; the platform bearing component is used for fixing the supporting rod in due time; the air flow adjusting assembly is positioned in the supporting bin body and is a combination of a pump and a valve, and the technical effects that the detection device for simulating the knee joint cartilage load is convenient to clean, the solution amount required by the test is small, and the phenomenon that a pressure head extrudes a sample is not easy to occur in the test preparation stage are achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of detection equipment, in particular to a detection device and a detection method for simulating knee joint cartilage load.
Background
Articular cartilage is a load-bearing tissue that makes up the synovial joint, acts to transmit and distribute compressive loads applied to the joint, and provides a load-bearing surface with a very low coefficient of friction. Since cartilage is the first damaged in osteoarthritis, accurate knowledge of its mechanical properties is essential; because the knee joint cartilage bears more weight, the knee joint cartilage bearing device is more important for the research of the knee joint cartilage; in addition, the understanding of the mechanical property of the cartilage also provides a basis for designing the bionic cartilage repair material which accords with the biomechanical principle, has important research value and has important significance for promoting the development of the biomechanics of the cartilage.
Chinese patent No. CN103926158B discloses a testing apparatus for mechanical properties of cartilage creep, which combines an experimental device by using a central shaft, a movable sample table and a support frame, wherein the central shaft comprises a displacement sensor, a weight tray, a hydraulic buffer, a linear bearing with a flange, a pressure sensor and a pressure head; the movable sample platform consists of a detachable sample groove and a sample groove bracket, wherein the sample groove comprises a sample outer groove, a sample inner groove and a sample clamp; the sample outer groove is used for containing a solution simulating the environment of human body fluid, the sample inner groove is provided with a plurality of types and is placed inside the sample outer groove, and the sample clamp is of a truncated cone structure and is placed inside the sample inner groove; the deformation condition of the sample under constant pressure in a simulated body fluid environment and the pressure-displacement change of the sample under constant loading speed can be accurately measured;
although the scheme has complete functions, the method is limited by the structure of the movable sample table, the movable sample table is complex to clean after the test is completed each time, different types of sample clamps are required to be matched with different types of sample inner grooves, and the method is poor in applicability and inconvenient to use; in order to ensure that the sample is completely in the test solution, the structure of the sample outer tank is limited, the amount of the solution which needs to be injected into the sample outer tank is large during testing, and waste is caused to a certain extent; when the device is used for testing and preparing, the movable sample platform needs to be rotated or the height of the middle support is adjusted to enable the sample to just contact the pressure head, the process has high requirement on the stability of the hand of an operator, and once the pressure head squeezes the sample (applies larger pressure on the sample and does not just contact the sample), the device has large influence on the accuracy of an experimental result.
Therefore, there is a need for a knee joint cartilage load simulation test device that is easy to clean, requires a small amount of solution for testing, and does not easily cause the indenter to press the sample in the test preparation stage.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a detection device for simulating knee joint cartilage load, the technical problems that in the prior art, after the detection device for simulating knee joint cartilage load tests is completed, a movable sample table is relatively complex to clean, the applicability is poor, the use is inconvenient, the using amount of test solution is large, and the phenomenon that a pressure head extrudes a sample easily occurs in a test preparation stage are solved.
The embodiment of the application provides a detection device for simulating knee joint cartilage load, which comprises a supporting frame, a test column, a sample table and a sample clamp, wherein the sample table comprises a supporting bin body and a containing positioning column, and the supporting bin body is used for containing and positioning a platform bearing assembly and an air quantity adjusting assembly;
the accommodating positioning column comprises a hollow column body, a bearing platform, a supporting rod, an annular diaphragm and an extrusion fixing assembly;
the hollow column body is a hollow column with an opening at the top, is fixed on the supporting bin body, and is provided with a through hole at the bottom;
the bearing platform is plate-shaped, the top end of the supporting rod is fixed at the bottom of the bearing platform, the annular diaphragm is an annular film made of rubber, the inner ring is fixed at the edge of the bearing platform, the outer ring is fixed on the inner wall of the hollow cylinder, and the hollow cylinder, the bearing platform, the supporting rod and the annular diaphragm jointly form a closed space;
the extrusion fixing component is fixed on the inner wall of the hollow cylinder and used for fixing the sample clamp in a multi-point extrusion mode; the platform bearing assembly is fixed in the supporting bin body and used for fixing the supporting rod in due time; the gas amount adjusting assembly is positioned in the supporting bin body, is communicated with the closed space, is a combination of a pump and a valve and is used for adjusting the gas amount in the closed space.
Furthermore, a threaded hole and a handle groove which are matched with the extrusion fixing component are formed in the side wall of the hollow cylinder;
the extrusion fixing assembly comprises an annular guide rail, a special-shaped rotating ring, a rotating handle, a supporting body, a sliding extrusion rod, a reset rope and an extrusion fixing rod;
the annular guide rail is fixed on the inner wall of the hollow column body;
the main body of the special-shaped rotating ring is annular and is rotationally connected to the annular guide rail along the axis of the special-shaped rotating ring, the cross section of the special-shaped rotating ring is rectangular, and the inner ring is wavy after being unfolded;
the rotating handle is fixed on the outer ring of the special-shaped rotating ring;
the support body is fixed at the bottom of the inner space of the hollow column body and used for positioning the sliding extrusion rod;
the number of the sliding extrusion rods is the same as that of the support bodies, and the sliding extrusion rods are rod bodies and are positioned on the support bodies in a sliding mode towards the axis of the hollow cylinder body;
the connecting line between the sliding extrusion rods is an equilateral triangle; the reset rope is an elastic rope and is used for enabling the end part of the sliding extrusion rod, which is far away from the axis of the hollow cylindrical body, to always abut against the inner ring of the special-shaped rotating ring by virtue of the elasticity of the reset rope;
the extrusion fixed rod is a threaded rod, penetrates into the threaded hole and is abutted to the outer ring of the sliding extrusion rod, and the effect of timely limiting the rotation of the special-shaped rotating ring is achieved.
Furthermore, the platform bearing assembly comprises a sliding groove, a sliding wedge block, an elastic spring, an extrusion positioning rod and a threaded through hole;
the sliding groove is a straight groove, is positioned in the supporting bin body, has a length direction vertical to the height direction of the supporting bin body, and is used for guiding the movement of the sliding wedge block; the sliding wedge block is integrally wedge-shaped and is positioned in the sliding groove in a sliding mode, the bottom of the supporting rod is an inclined surface matched with the sliding wedge block, and the bottom of the supporting rod abuts against the sliding wedge block;
one end of the elastic spring is fixed on the sliding wedge block, and the other end of the elastic spring is fixed on the inner wall of the supporting bin body and is horizontally arranged for endowing the sliding wedge block with a sliding trend;
the threaded through hole is positioned on the side wall of the supporting bin body and used for positioning the extrusion positioning rod; the extrusion locating lever is a threaded rod, penetrates the threaded through hole and is abutted to the sliding wedge block, and the axial direction of the extrusion locating lever is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the sliding wedge block and is used for fixing the sliding wedge block in an extrusion mode.
Furthermore, the air flow adjusting assembly comprises an air storage bin, a piston, a force application rod, a reset spring, an output pipe and a return pipe;
the gas storage bin is cylindrical, the piston is slidably positioned in the gas storage bin, and the return spring is a pressure spring and positioned between the inner wall of the gas storage bin and the piston;
the force application rod is abutted against the piston and penetrates out of the gas storage bin to assist an operator to push the piston to move so as to drive gas in the gas storage bin to be output;
the output pipe and the return pipe are used for communicating the closed space with the gas storage bin, the output pipe is provided with a one-way valve in a positioning mode, gas in the gas storage bin can only be discharged from the output pipe and cannot enter the gas storage bin, and the return pipe is provided with a stop valve controlled by the control unit in a positioning mode and used for controlling the on-off of the return pipe.
Preferably, the sample table further comprises a base, the base is fixed on the supporting frame, and the supporting bin body is rotatably connected to the top of the base around the axis of the supporting bin body;
a motor is arranged in the base, and the supporting bin body rotates under the control of the control unit;
the control unit also comprises a rotation control switch which is positioned on the base and is used for controlling the rotation of the supporting bin body;
when cleaning, the test solution in the containing positioning column can be sucked out after the test sample clamp is taken out, the cleaning wet tissue is flatly laid on the containing positioning column, the test column is controlled to move downwards, then the air flow adjusting assembly is controlled to operate, and the annular diaphragm is made to cover the pressure head through the cleaning wet tissue; the control supports the storehouse body and rotates, cleans the pressure head and cleans, and then the clean piece of cloth edge of pinching by hand, and the control supports the storehouse body and rotates, cleans the cleanness holding the reference column.
Preferably, the water bag component is further included;
the water bag assembly comprises a sliding plate body, a second diaphragm, a water delivery pipe, a water bin, a water temperature control assembly and a pumping assembly;
the sliding plate body is positioned below the bearing platform and is positioned on the supporting rod in a sliding manner, and a sliding sealing assembly is positioned between the sliding plate body and the supporting rod;
the structure of the second diaphragm is the same as that of the annular diaphragm, the inner ring is fixed on the edge of the sliding plate body, and the outer ring is fixed on the inner wall of the hollow cylinder;
the sliding plate body, the second diaphragm, the bearing platform, the annular diaphragm and the hollow cylinder form a closed water storage space together;
the water bin is positioned inside the water bin and is communicated with the closed water storage space through a water delivery pipe; the water conveying pipe comprises an input water pipe and an output water pipe;
the water temperature control assembly is preferably an electric heating wire and is positioned inside the water bin;
the pumping component is a water pump, is positioned on the water bin or the water conveying pipe and is used for promoting water circulation;
the control unit comprises a water circulation switch, and the water circulation switch operates to control the water temperature and the operation of the pumping assembly.
Preferably, the annular diaphragm is close to the one side of second diaphragm and is fixed with a plurality of interval soft poles, and the soft pole of interval is fixed simultaneously on the second diaphragm, and the soft pole of interval soft pole for the rubber material makes, and the equipartition is on the annular diaphragm, avoids annular diaphragm and second diaphragm to glue together and play balanced atmospheric pressure's effect.
Preferably, the spacing soft rod is of a capsule body structure and comprises a rod-shaped soft capsule and filling wax; the filling wax is filled in the rod-shaped soft capsule, and the rod-shaped soft capsule is fixed on the annular diaphragm and the second diaphragm.
Furthermore, the supporting frame is a frame structure and comprises an upper bracket and a lower bracket which are respectively used for supporting and positioning the test column and the sample table,
the test column is positioned on the support frame and is a central shaft;
the central shaft is composed of a displacement sensor, a weight tray, a hydraulic buffer, a linear bearing, a pressure sensor and a pressure head, the movement of the central shaft is controlled by the linear bearing, the speed is controlled by the hydraulic buffer arranged on the supporting frame, the weight tray is fixed on the hydraulic buffer, the displacement sensor is arranged at the top end of the central shaft and is positioned on the upper bracket, the pressure head is arranged at the bottommost end of the central shaft, and the pressure sensor is arranged close to the pressure head;
the sample clamp is used for fixing a sample, and a groove or a hole which is convenient for solution exchange is arranged on the sample clamp.
One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:
the method comprises the following steps of optimizing a sample table of the detection device for simulating articular cartilage load in the prior art, utilizing the sample table comprising a base, a supporting bin body and a containing positioning column to assist in detection, and replacing a sample outer groove and a sample inner groove with an air bag structure; the technical problems that after testing of the detection device for simulating the knee joint cartilage load in the prior art is completed, the detection device for simulating the knee joint cartilage load is relatively complex when a movable sample table is cleaned, poor in applicability and inconvenient to use, large in using amount of testing solution and prone to the phenomenon that a pressure head extrudes a sample in a testing preparation stage are solved, and therefore the technical effects that the detection device for simulating the knee joint cartilage load is clean and convenient, the amount of testing solution is small, and the phenomenon that the pressure head extrudes the sample in the testing preparation stage is not prone to occurring are achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the detecting device for simulating knee joint cartilage loading according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an appearance structure of a sample table of the detection device for simulating knee joint cartilage load according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the supporting cabin of the detecting device for simulating the load of the cartilage of the knee joint according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a compression fixation assembly of the knee joint cartilage load simulation detection device of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a special-shaped rotating ring of the detecting device for simulating knee joint cartilage load according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a platform bearing assembly of the knee joint cartilage load simulation test device of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the position relationship between the sliding wedge and the supporting rod of the detecting device for simulating the load of the cartilage of the knee joint according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the positioning column accommodating state in an experimental state of the detecting device for simulating the load of the cartilage of the knee joint;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the ring-shaped diaphragm of the detecting device for simulating knee joint cartilage loading in a clean state according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the ring-shaped diaphragm and the bearing platform of the detecting device for simulating the load of the cartilage of the knee joint of the present invention in a clean state;
FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a water bag component of the detection device for simulating knee joint cartilage loading according to the invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing the position relationship between the spacer soft rod and the annular diaphragm of the detecting device for simulating the load of the cartilage of the knee joint according to the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of the spacing soft rod of the detecting device for simulating knee joint cartilage loading according to the present invention;
fig. 14 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the soft spacer rod of the knee joint cartilage load simulation detection device of the invention.
In the figure:
a support frame 100, an upper bracket 110, a lower bracket 120; a test column 200, a central shaft 210, a displacement sensor 220, a weight tray 230, a hydraulic buffer 240, a linear bearing 250, a pressure sensor 260 and a pressure head 270; a base 300; the device comprises a supporting cabin body 400, a platform bearing component 410, a sliding groove 411, a sliding wedge 412, an elastic spring 413, a squeezing positioning rod 414, a threaded through hole 415, an air quantity adjusting component 420, an air storage cabin 421, a piston 422, a force application rod 423, a return spring 424, an output pipe 425, a one-way valve 426, a return pipe 427 and a stop valve 428; accommodating positioning posts 500, hollow cylinders 510, through holes 511, threaded holes 512, handle grooves 513, a bearing platform 520, a support rod 530, an annular diaphragm 540, a pressing and fixing assembly 550, an annular guide rail 551, a special-shaped rotating ring 552, an inner concave part 553, an outer convex part 554, a rotating handle 555, a support body 556, a sliding and pressing rod 557, a reset rope 558 and a pressing and fixing rod 559; a sample holder 600; the water bag assembly 700, the sliding plate body 710, the second diaphragm 720, the water pipe 730, the water inlet pipe 731, the water outlet pipe 732, the water bin 740, the water temperature control assembly 750, the pumping assembly 760, the spacing soft rod 770, the rod-shaped soft bag 771, the filling wax 772, the magnifier assembly 800, the rotation control switch 910 and the water circulation switch 920.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate an understanding of the present invention, the present application will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings; the preferred embodiments of the present invention are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, but the invention may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
It is noted that the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only embodiments.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs; the terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention; as used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Please refer to fig. 1, which is a schematic diagram of an overall structure of the detecting device for simulating the load of the cartilage of the knee joint according to the present invention; the test platform of the detection device for simulating the articular cartilage load in the prior art is optimized, the test platform comprising a base 300, a supporting bin 400 and a containing positioning column 500 is used for assisting in detection, and an air bag structure is used for replacing a sample outer groove and a sample inner groove; the technical effects that the detection device for simulating knee joint cartilage load is clean and convenient, the amount of solution required for testing is small, and the phenomenon that a pressure head extrudes a sample is not easy to occur in the test preparation stage are achieved.
Example one
As shown in FIG. 1, the detection device for simulating the load of the cartilage of the knee joint comprises a support frame 100, a test column 200, a sample table, a sample clamp 600, a power assembly and a control unit.
As shown in fig. 1, the support frame 100 is a frame structure, and includes an upper rack 110 and a lower rack 120 for supporting and positioning the test column 200 and the sample stage, respectively; the test column 200 is positioned on the support frame 100 as a central axis 210; the central shaft 210 is composed of a displacement sensor 220, a weight tray 230, a hydraulic buffer 240, a linear bearing 250, a pressure sensor 260 and a pressure head 270, the movement of the central shaft 210 is controlled by the linear bearing 250, the speed is controlled by the hydraulic buffer 240 arranged on the supporting frame 100, the weight tray 230 is fixed on the hydraulic buffer 240, the displacement sensor 220 is arranged at the top end of the central shaft 210 and is positioned on the upper bracket 110, the pressure head 270 is arranged at the bottommost end of the central shaft 210, and the pressure sensor 260 is arranged close to the pressure head 270; the sample clamp 600 is used for fixing a sample, preferably has a truncated cone structure, and a groove or a hole convenient for solution exchange is formed in the sample clamp 600; the power assembly is used for providing power for the operation of each component of the detection device for simulating the load of the cartilage of the knee joint, and the control unit plays a role in controlling the coordinated operation of each component of the detection device for simulating the load of the cartilage of the knee joint, and preferably adopts a combination of a programmable logic controller and a control key; are all the prior art and are not described herein.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the sample stage is used for supporting and positioning a sample, and comprises a supporting bin body 400 and a containing positioning column 500; the support cartridge body 400 is positioned on the support frame 100 directly below the ram 270 for receiving and positioning a platform carrier assembly 410 and an air adjustment assembly 420; the main body of the accommodating positioning column 500 is a hollow cylinder with an open top, and is fixed right above the accommodating positioning column 500, and the axis of the main body is overlapped with the axis of the central shaft 210 and is used for accommodating and fixing the sample clamp 600;
as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the receiving and positioning column 500 includes a hollow cylinder 510, a bearing platform 520, a support rod 530, an annular diaphragm 540, and a pressing and fixing assembly 550; the hollow column 510 is a hollow column with an open top and is fixed on the supporting bin 400, the bottom of the hollow column is provided with a through hole 511, the through hole 511 is a through hole for passing through the supporting rod 530, and the side wall of the hollow column 510 is provided with a threaded hole 512 and a handle groove 513 which are matched with the extrusion fixing component 550; the carrying platform 520 is a plate, preferably a circular plate, and is located inside the hollow cylinder 510 for supporting the sample clamp 600; the top ends of the supporting rods 530 are fixed at the bottom of the bearing platform 520, and the axial direction of the supporting rods coincides with the axial line of the central shaft 210; the annular diaphragm 540 is an annular film made of rubber, the inner ring of the annular diaphragm is fixed on the edge of the bearing platform 520, and the outer ring of the annular diaphragm is fixed on the inner wall of the hollow cylinder 510; a sliding sealing component is arranged between the passing hole 511 and the supporting rod 530; the hollow cylinder 510, the bearing platform 520, the support rod 530 and the annular diaphragm 540 form a closed space together; the pressing and fixing component 550 is fixed on the inner wall of the hollow cylinder 510, and is used for fixing the sample clamp 600 in a multi-point pressing manner, and the structure is preferably (manual or electric) clamp, (manual or electric) tweezers, (manual or electric) pliers, (manual or electric) sliding rod body, and the like;
the platform bearing component 410 is fixed inside the supporting bin body 400, plays a role of fixing the supporting rod 530 at proper time, and is structurally a (manual or electric) clamp, a (manual or electric) forceps, a (manual or electric) pliers, a sliding supporting block and the like;
the gas amount adjusting assembly 420 is positioned inside the supporting bin body 400, is communicated with the closed space, is a combination of a pump and a valve, and is used for adjusting the gas amount inside the closed space as required; as shown in fig. 3, the air volume adjustment assembly 420 comprises an air storage chamber 421, a piston 422, a force application rod 423, a return spring 424, an output pipe 425 and a return pipe 427; the gas storage bin 421 is cylindrical, the piston 422 is slidably positioned in the gas storage bin 421, and the return spring 424 is a pressure spring and is positioned between the inner wall of the gas storage bin 421 and the piston 422; the force application rod 423 is abutted against the piston 422 and penetrates out of the air storage bin 421, and is used for assisting an operator to push the piston 422 to displace so as to promote the output of gas in the air storage bin 421; the output pipe 425 and the return pipe 427 communicate the closed space with the gas storage bin 421; a check valve 426 is positioned on the output pipe 425 to ensure that the gas in the gas storage tank 421 can only flow out from the output pipe 425, and a stop valve 428 controlled by a control unit is positioned on the return pipe 427 to control the on-off of the return pipe 427.
Further, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the pressing and fixing assembly 550 includes a ring-shaped guide 551, a shaped rotary ring 552, a rotary handle 555, a support 556, a sliding pressing rod 557, a restoring rope 558 and a pressing and fixing rod 559; the annular guide 551 is fixed on the inner wall of the hollow cylinder 510, and is used for limiting the movement of the special-shaped rotating ring 552; the main body of the special-shaped rotating ring 552 is annular, the special-shaped rotating ring 552 is superposed with the axis of the annular guide rail 551 and is rotatably connected to the annular guide rail 551 along the axis of the special-shaped rotating ring 552, the cross section of the special-shaped rotating ring 552 is rectangular, the wall of an outer ring is smooth, the wall of an inner ring is provided with a plurality of inner concave parts 553 and a plurality of outer convex parts 554, and the inner ring is wavy after being unfolded; the rotating handle 555 is fixed on the outer ring of the special-shaped rotating ring 552 and is positioned on the handle groove 513 in a sliding manner, so that an operator can rotate the special-shaped rotating ring 552 conveniently; the supporting bodies 556 are fixed at the bottom of the inner space of the hollow cylinder 510 and used for positioning the sliding extrusion rods 557, and the number of the supporting bodies is three or a multiple of three; the number of the sliding extrusion rods 557 is the same as that of the support bodies 556, and the sliding extrusion rods 557 are rod bodies and are positioned on the support bodies 556 in a sliding manner towards the axis of the hollow cylinder 510; the connecting line between the sliding extrusion rods 557 is an equilateral triangle; the reset rope 558 is an elastic rope, one end of the reset rope is fixed on the sliding extrusion rod 557, and the other end of the reset rope is fixed on the support 556, so that the end part, far away from the axis of the hollow cylinder 510, of the sliding extrusion rod 557 always props against the inner ring of the special-shaped rotating ring 552 by virtue of the elasticity of the reset rope; the extrusion fixing rod 559 is a threaded rod, penetrates through the threaded hole 512 and abuts against the outer ring of the sliding extrusion rod 557, and plays a role in timely limiting the rotation of the special-shaped rotating ring 552.
Further, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the platform carrying assembly 410 includes a sliding slot 411, a sliding wedge 412, a spring 413, a pressing and positioning rod 414 and a threaded through hole 415; the sliding groove 411 is a straight groove, is positioned inside the supporting bin body 400, has a length direction perpendicular to the height direction of the supporting bin body 400, and is used for guiding the movement of the sliding wedge 412; the sliding wedge 412 is wedge-shaped as a whole and is positioned in the sliding groove 411 in a sliding manner, the bottom of the supporting rod 530 is an inclined surface matched with the sliding wedge 412, and the bottom of the supporting rod 530 abuts against the sliding wedge 412; one end of the spring 413 is fixed on the sliding wedge 412, and the other end is fixed on the inner wall of the supporting bin body 400, and is horizontally arranged and used for endowing the sliding wedge 412 with a sliding trend; the threaded through hole 415 is positioned on the side wall of the support bin body 400 and is used for positioning the extrusion positioning rod 414; the extrusion positioning rod 414 is a threaded rod, penetrates through the threaded through hole 415 and abuts against the sliding wedge 412, and is axially perpendicular to the sliding direction of the sliding wedge 412 and used for fixing the sliding wedge 412 in an extrusion manner.
When the detection device for simulating the load of the cartilage of the knee joint is actually used, the steps are as follows:
s1, loading a sample into a sample clamp 600;
s2, placing the sample clamp 600 on the bearing platform 520, adjusting the height of the central shaft 210, and enabling the pressure head 270 to be 0.5-1.5 cm away from the sample;
s3, controlling the air quantity adjusting assembly 420 to operate, and inflating air (slowly pressing the force application rod 423) into the closed space to further promote the bearing platform 520 and the sample clamp 600 on the bearing platform to slowly rise until the sample just contacts the pressure head 270;
s4, controlling the platform bearing assembly 410 to operate to fix the support rod 530 (rotating the extrusion positioning rod 414 to fix the sliding wedge 412 in an extrusion manner);
s5, operating the extrusion fixing assembly 550 (poking the rotating handle 555 to drive the special-shaped rotating ring 552 to rotate, extruding the sliding extrusion rod 557 by the special-shaped rotating ring 552, and simultaneously sliding to press the sliding extrusion rod 557 against the sample clamp 600 through the annular diaphragm 540) to fix the sample clamp 600;
s6, controlling the air flow adjusting assembly 420 to operate, inflating the sealed space, as shown in FIG. 8, reducing the amount of the test solution which can be contained in the containing positioning column 500, and adding the test solution;
s7, operating the test column 200 for testing;
s8, after the test is finished, the test column 200 is lifted, the test solution is sucked out, the sample clamp 600 is taken down, the platform bearing assembly 410 and the extrusion fixing assembly 550 are reset, and the operation air amount adjusting assembly 420 causes the closed space to be expanded continuously until the bearing platform 520 and the annular diaphragm 540 are cleaned (wiped, disinfected and the like) as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10.
Preferably, in order to facilitate observing the distance between the indenter 270 and the sample, a magnifier assembly 800 is further positioned on the support frame 100, and the magnifier assembly 800 is a combination of a magnifier and a support rod.
For further facilitating cleaning, preferably, the specimen table further comprises a base 300, the base 300 is fixed on the support frame 100, and the support cartridge 400 is rotatably connected to the top of the base 300 around its axis; a motor is arranged in the base 300, and the supporting bin body 400 rotates under the control of the control unit; the control unit further comprises a rotation control switch 910, the rotation control switch 910 is positioned on the base 300 and is used for controlling the rotation of the support bin body 400; during cleaning, after the sample clamp 600 is taken out, the test solution in the accommodating positioning column 500 can be sucked out by using a water absorption sponge block, water absorption paper and the like, then cleaning wet tissues (alcohol wet tissues and the like) are flatly laid on the accommodating positioning column 500, the test column 200 is controlled to move downwards, then the air flow adjusting assembly 420 is controlled to operate, and the annular diaphragm 540 wraps the pressure head 270 through the cleaning wet tissues; the control supports storehouse body 400 and rotates, cleans the pressure head 270 and cleans, and then the clean wet piece of cloth edge is held between the fingers to the hand, and control supports storehouse body 400 and rotates, cleans holding reference column 500 and cleans.
The technical scheme in the embodiment of the application at least has the following technical effects or advantages:
the technical problems that after testing of the detection device for simulating the load of the knee joint cartilage, the detection device for simulating the load of the knee joint cartilage in the prior art is complex, poor in applicability, inconvenient to use, large in using amount of test solution and prone to the phenomenon that a pressure head extrudes a sample in a test preparation stage are solved, and the technical effects that the detection device for simulating the load of the knee joint cartilage is convenient to clean, the amount of the test solution is small, and the phenomenon that the pressure head extrudes the sample in the test preparation stage is not prone to occurring are achieved.
Example two
In consideration of the above problems, the embodiment of the present application adds the water bag assembly 700 on the basis of the above embodiment to increase the practicability of the present application in order to solve the problem that the normal temperature test solution is adopted to simulate the structure of the experiment that the human environment may affect the experiment; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
as shown in fig. 11, the water bladder assembly 700 includes a sliding plate body 710, a second diaphragm 720, a water pipe 730, a water sump 740, a water temperature control assembly 750, and a pumping assembly 760; the sliding plate 710 is located under the bearing platform 520, slidably positioned on the supporting rod 530, and a sliding seal assembly is located between the two; the structure of the second diaphragm 720 is the same as that of the annular diaphragm 540, the inner ring is fixed on the edge of the sliding plate 710, and the outer ring is fixed on the inner wall of the hollow cylinder 510; the sliding plate body 710, the second diaphragm 720, the bearing platform 520, the annular diaphragm 540 and the hollow column 510 form a closed water storage space; the water bin 740 is positioned inside the water bin 740 and is communicated with the closed water storage space through a water conveying pipe 730; the water delivery pipe 730 comprises an input water pipe 731 and an output water pipe 732; the water temperature control component 750 is preferably an electric heating wire, and is positioned inside the water sump 740; the pumping assembly 760 is a water pump, and is positioned on the water sump 740 or the water pipe 730 to promote water circulation; the control unit comprises a water circulation switch 920, and the water circulation switch 920 operates to control the operation of the water temperature and the pumping assembly 760; heating the test solution in a water bath manner while detecting; the circulating water is heated and circulated before the test is carried out until the test is finished.
In trial production, the annular diaphragm 540 and the second diaphragm 720 are easily attached together under the influence of air pressure in the closed space, and the phenomenon of uneven distribution of hot water is often generated after water is introduced into the closed water storage space, so that the heating of a test solution is influenced; in view of the above problem, as shown in fig. 12 to 14, preferably, a plurality of soft spacer rods 770 are fixed on one surface of the annular diaphragm 540 close to the second diaphragm 720, the soft spacer rods 770 are simultaneously fixed on the second diaphragm 720, and the soft spacer rods 770 are made of rubber and are uniformly distributed on the annular diaphragm 540, so as to prevent the annular diaphragm 540 and the second diaphragm 720 from being adhered together and playing a role in balancing air pressure.
Preferably, the spacing soft rod 770 is a capsule structure and comprises a rod-shaped soft capsule 771 and a filling wax 772; the filling wax 772 is filled inside the rod-shaped soft bag 771, and the rod-shaped soft bag 771 is fixed on the annular diaphragm 540 and the second diaphragm 720; after warm water is introduced into the sealed water storage space, paraffin melts, and the rod-shaped soft bag 771 is reshaped under the action of the elastic force of the rod-shaped soft bag 771.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A detection device for simulating knee joint cartilage load comprises a supporting frame (100), a test column (200), a sample table and a sample clamp (600), and is characterized in that: the sample table comprises a supporting bin body (400) and a containing positioning column (500), wherein the supporting bin body (400) is used for containing and positioning a platform bearing assembly (410) and an air quantity adjusting assembly (420);
the accommodating positioning column (500) comprises a hollow cylinder (510), a bearing platform (520), a supporting rod (530), an annular diaphragm (540) and a pressing and fixing assembly (550);
the hollow column body (510) is a hollow column with an opening at the top, is fixed on the supporting bin body (400), and is provided with a through hole (511) at the bottom;
the bearing platform (520) is plate-shaped, the top end of the supporting rod (530) is fixed at the bottom of the bearing platform (520), the annular diaphragm (540) is an annular film made of rubber, the inner ring is fixed at the edge of the bearing platform (520), the outer ring is fixed on the inner wall of the hollow cylinder (510), and the hollow cylinder (510), the bearing platform (520), the supporting rod (530) and the annular diaphragm (540) jointly form a closed space;
the extrusion fixing component (550) is fixed on the inner wall of the hollow cylinder (510) and is used for fixing the sample clamp (600) in a multi-point extrusion mode; the platform bearing assembly (410) is fixed inside the supporting cabin body (400) and is used for fixing the supporting rods (530) in due time; the gas amount adjusting component (420) is positioned inside the supporting bin body (400), is communicated with the closed space, is a combination of a pump and a valve and is used for adjusting the gas amount inside the closed space.
2. The apparatus for testing cartilage load of knee joint according to claim 1, wherein: a threaded hole (512) and a handle groove (513) which are matched with the extrusion fixing component (550) are formed in the side wall of the hollow cylinder (510);
the extrusion fixing assembly (550) comprises an annular guide rail (551), a special-shaped rotating ring (552), a rotating handle (555), a support body (556), a sliding extrusion rod (557), a reset rope (558) and an extrusion fixing rod (559);
the annular guide rail (551) is fixed on the inner wall of the hollow cylinder (510);
the main body of the special-shaped rotating ring (552) is annular and is rotationally connected to the annular guide rail (551) along the axis of the special-shaped rotating ring, the cross section of the special-shaped rotating ring (552) is rectangular, and the inner ring is wavy after being unfolded;
the rotating handle (555) is fixed on the outer ring of the special-shaped rotating ring (552);
the supporting body (556) is fixed at the bottom of the inner space of the hollow cylinder (510) and used for positioning the sliding extrusion rod (557);
the number of the sliding extrusion rods (557) is the same as that of the supporting bodies (556), and the sliding extrusion rods are rod bodies and are positioned on the supporting bodies (556) in a sliding mode towards the axis of the hollow cylinder (510);
the connecting line between the sliding extrusion rods (557) is an equilateral triangle; the reset rope (558) is an elastic rope and is used for enabling the end part of the sliding extrusion rod (557) far away from the axis of the hollow cylinder (510) to always abut against the inner ring of the special-shaped rotating ring (552) by virtue of the elasticity of the elastic rope;
the extrusion fixing rod (559) is a threaded rod, penetrates into the threaded hole (512) and abuts against the outer ring of the sliding extrusion rod (557), and plays a role of timely limiting the rotation of the special-shaped rotating ring (552).
3. The knee joint cartilage load simulation test device of claim 1, wherein: the platform bearing assembly (410) comprises a sliding groove (411), a sliding wedge block (412), an elastic spring (413), a squeezing positioning rod (414) and a threaded through hole (415);
the sliding groove (411) is a straight groove, is positioned inside the supporting cabin body (400), has the length direction vertical to the height direction of the supporting cabin body (400), and is used for guiding the movement of the sliding wedge block (412); the sliding wedge block (412) is integrally wedge-shaped and is positioned in the sliding groove (411) in a sliding mode, the bottom of the supporting rod (530) is an inclined surface matched with the sliding wedge block (412), and the bottom of the supporting rod (530) abuts against the sliding wedge block (412);
one end of the elastic spring (413) is fixed on the sliding wedge block (412), and the other end of the elastic spring is fixed on the inner wall of the supporting bin body (400), is horizontally arranged and is used for endowing the sliding wedge block (412) with a sliding trend;
the threaded through hole (415) is positioned on the side wall of the supporting bin body (400) and is used for positioning the extrusion positioning rod (414); the extrusion positioning rod (414) is a threaded rod, penetrates through the threaded through hole (415) and abuts against the sliding wedge block (412), and the axial direction of the extrusion positioning rod is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the sliding wedge block (412) and used for fixing the sliding wedge block (412) in an extrusion mode.
4. The apparatus for testing cartilage load of knee joint according to claim 1, wherein: the air quantity adjusting component (420) comprises an air storage bin (421), a piston (422), a force application rod (423), a reset spring (424), an output pipe (425) and a return pipe (427);
the air storage bin (421) is cylindrical, the piston (422) is slidably positioned in the air storage bin (421), and the return spring (424) is a pressure spring and is positioned between the inner wall of the air storage bin (421) and the piston (422);
the force application rod (423) is abutted against the piston (422) and penetrates out of the gas storage bin (421) to assist an operator to push the piston (422) to displace so as to promote the gas in the gas storage bin (421) to be output;
the outlet pipe (425) and the return pipe (427) are used for communicating the closed space with the gas storage bin (421), the outlet pipe (425) is provided with a one-way valve (426) which ensures that gas in the gas storage bin (421) only can not flow in and out from the outlet pipe (425), and the return pipe (427) is provided with a stop valve (428) controlled by a control unit and used for controlling the on-off of the return pipe (427).
5. The apparatus for testing cartilage load of a knee joint according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the sample table further comprises a base (300), the base (300) is fixed on the supporting frame (100), and the supporting bin body (400) is rotatably connected to the top of the base (300) around the axis of the supporting bin body;
a motor is arranged in the base (300), and the supporting bin body (400) rotates under the control of the control unit;
the control unit also comprises a rotation control switch (910), and the rotation control switch (910) is positioned on the base (300) and is used for controlling the rotation of the supporting bin body (400);
when cleaning, the test solution in the containing positioning column (500) can be sucked out after the test sample clamp (600) is taken out, then the cleaning wet tissue is flatly laid on the containing positioning column (500), the test column (200) is controlled to move downwards, then the air flow adjusting assembly (420) is controlled to operate, and the annular diaphragm (540) is enabled to cover the pressure head (270) through the cleaning wet tissue; the control supports storehouse body (400) and rotates, cleans the pressure head (270) and cleans, and then the clean piece of cloth edge of kneading between the fingers, and the control supports storehouse body (400) and rotates, cleans the cleanness of holding reference column (500).
6. The knee joint cartilage load simulation test device of claim 1, wherein: further comprising a water bladder assembly (700);
the water bag assembly (700) comprises a sliding plate body (710), a second diaphragm (720), a water conveying pipe (730), a water bin (740), a water temperature control assembly (750) and a pumping assembly (760);
the sliding plate body (710) is positioned below the bearing platform (520) and is positioned on the supporting rod (530) in a sliding mode, and a sliding sealing assembly is positioned between the sliding plate body and the supporting rod;
the structure of the second diaphragm (720) is the same as that of the annular diaphragm (540), the inner ring is fixed on the edge of the sliding plate body (710), and the outer ring is fixed on the inner wall of the hollow cylinder (510);
the sliding plate body (710), the second diaphragm (720), the bearing platform (520), the annular diaphragm (540) and the hollow column body (510) jointly form a closed water storage space;
the water bin (740) is positioned inside the water bin (740) and is communicated with the closed water storage space through a water delivery pipe (730); the water conveying pipe (730) comprises an input water pipe (731) and an output water pipe (732);
the water temperature control component (750) is preferably an electric heating wire and is positioned inside the water bin (740);
the pumping assembly (760) is a water pump, positioned on the sump (740) or on the water duct (730), for facilitating water circulation;
the control unit comprises a water circulation switch (920), and the operation of the water circulation switch (920) controls the operation of the water temperature and the pumping assembly (760).
7. The knee joint cartilage load simulation test device of claim 6, wherein: a plurality of soft rods (770) at intervals are fixed on one surface, close to the second diaphragm (720), of the annular diaphragm (540), the soft rods (770) at intervals are simultaneously fixed on the second diaphragm (720), the soft rods (770) at intervals are made of rubber materials and are uniformly distributed on the annular diaphragm (540), and the annular diaphragm (540) and the second diaphragm (720) are prevented from being adhered together and playing a role in balancing air pressure.
8. The apparatus for testing cartilage load of knee joint according to claim 7, wherein: the spacing soft rod (770) is of a capsule body structure and comprises a rod-shaped soft capsule (771) and filling wax (772); the filling wax (772) is filled in the rod-shaped soft bag (771), and the rod-shaped soft bag (771) is fixed on the annular diaphragm (540) and the second diaphragm (720).
9. The apparatus for testing cartilage load of knee joint according to claim 1, wherein: the supporting frame (100) is a frame structure and comprises an upper bracket (110) and a lower bracket (120) which are respectively used for supporting and positioning the test column (200) and the sample table,
the test column (200) is positioned on the support frame (100) as a central shaft (210);
the central shaft (210) is composed of a displacement sensor (220), a weight tray (230), a hydraulic buffer (240), a linear bearing (250), a pressure sensor (260) and a pressure head (270), the movement of the central shaft (210) is controlled by the linear bearing (250), the speed is controlled by the hydraulic buffer (240) arranged on the support frame (100), the weight tray (230) is fixed on the hydraulic buffer (240), the displacement sensor (220) is arranged at the top end of the central shaft (210) and positioned on the upper support (110), the pressure head (270) is arranged at the bottommost end of the central shaft (210), and the pressure sensor (260) is arranged close to the pressure head (270);
the sample clamp (600) is used for fixing a sample, and a groove or a hole which is convenient for solution exchange is arranged on the sample clamp (600).
10. The use method of the detection device for simulating the load of the knee joint cartilage is characterized in that the detection device for simulating the load of the knee joint cartilage according to claim 1 is matched with the following steps:
s1, loading a sample into a sample clamp (600);
s2, placing the sample clamp (600) on a bearing platform (520), adjusting the height of the central shaft (210), and enabling the pressure head (270) to be 0.5-1.5 cm away from the sample;
s3, controlling the air quantity adjusting assembly (420) to operate, and inflating air into the closed space to further promote the bearing platform (520) and the sample clamp (600) on the bearing platform to slowly rise until the sample just contacts the pressure head (270);
s4, controlling the platform bearing assembly (410) to operate to fix the supporting rod (530);
s5, operating the extrusion fixing assembly (550) to fix the sample clamp (600);
s6, controlling the air flow adjusting assembly (420) to operate, inflating air into the closed space, reducing the amount of the test solution which can be contained in the containing positioning column (500), and adding the test solution;
s7, operating the test column (200) for testing;
s8, after the test is finished, the test column (200) is lifted, the test solution is sucked out, the sample clamp (600) is taken down, the platform bearing assembly (410) and the extrusion fixing assembly (550) are reset, the operation air amount adjusting assembly (420) enables the closed space to expand continuously, and the bearing platform (520) and the annular diaphragm (540) are cleaned.
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