CN115288212B - Optical fiber implantation device and implantation method for existing pile wall - Google Patents
Optical fiber implantation device and implantation method for existing pile wall Download PDFInfo
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- CN115288212B CN115288212B CN202210789650.3A CN202210789650A CN115288212B CN 115288212 B CN115288212 B CN 115288212B CN 202210789650 A CN202210789650 A CN 202210789650A CN 115288212 B CN115288212 B CN 115288212B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D33/00—Testing foundations or foundation structures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D15/00—Handling building or like materials for hydraulic engineering or foundations
- E02D15/02—Handling of bulk concrete specially for foundation or hydraulic engineering purposes
- E02D15/04—Placing concrete in mould-pipes, pile tubes, bore-holes or narrow shafts
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Abstract
The invention discloses an optical fiber implantation device and an implantation method of an existing pile wall, wherein the optical fiber implantation device comprises an auxiliary sleeve and grouting heads arranged at the bottom of the auxiliary sleeve, the two sides of the auxiliary sleeve are respectively provided with a first groove used for positioning and temporarily fixing an optical fiber, the grouting heads are provided with a second groove, the two ends of the second groove are respectively and smoothly transited with the first grooves on the two sides, the second groove is an open arc-shaped groove, the grouting heads on the two sides of the second groove are provided with a plurality of grouting holes, and the inner space of each grouting head is connected with a grouting device through grouting pipes arranged in the auxiliary sleeve; when the auxiliary sleeve is formed by connecting a plurality of hollow pipes end to end, firstly, drilling holes on existing piles, then penetrating optical fibers into the first grooves and the second grooves, lowering the optical fibers into the drilled holes, then carrying out primary grouting, solidifying the bottommost U-shaped part optical fibers, and then grouting while drawing out the pipes to finish optical fiber implantation. The invention has simple structure, good optical fiber implantation efficiency and high implantation survival rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of civil engineering, relates to an optical fiber implantation technology, and in particular relates to an optical fiber implantation device and an implantation method for an existing pile wall, which can perform optical fiber implantation on the existing horizontal loaded pile wall based on a distributed optical fiber sensing technology so as to realize deformation monitoring of the horizontal loaded pile wall.
Background
China is a country with extremely complex geological environment, a large number of side slope projects are formed in engineering construction such as railway, expressway, coal mine, foundation pit excavation and the like, and in order to ensure safe construction and operation of the projects, the anti-slide pile wall is a main and most widely applied supporting measure; in addition, for some bridge pile foundations, the characteristics of the pile foundations under the action of horizontal load are considered besides the vertical load deformation due to the action of wind load and water pressure.
The horizontal loading pile wall is monitored, and the safety of the horizontal loading pile wall is evaluated by monitoring data to be the most reliable means, and the traditional horizontal loading pile wall monitoring means mainly comprise a pile wall horizontal static load test, a pile body implanted steel bar meter, a strain gauge, an inclinometer, a distributed optical fiber sensor and the like. The pile wall horizontal static load test belongs to in-situ tests, the test device is complex, and certain requirements are met on the surrounding environment of the pile, for example, a space for arranging a counterforce device is needed around the pile, so that the foundation pile with higher design level and conditional condition is more in application. The method of implanting the reinforcing steel bar meter and the strain gage requires that the sensor is attached to the bored concrete pile reinforcement cage during the construction process of the foundation pile, and then the construction of the pile wall is completed. The inclinometry method is suitable for both pile walls in construction and existing pile walls, but the testing time is long, and a certain operation space is needed above the pile walls for a long time to finish monitoring. The distributed optical fiber sensing technology has the advantages of high anti-interference capability, high precision, good stability, water resistance, moisture resistance, long durability, convenient installation, long-distance monitoring realization, good integrability and the like, the optical fiber is implanted into a monitoring object in consideration of stress characteristics, strain values of different depths along the pile wall can be obtained, parameters such as horizontal displacement, bending moment and the like of the pile wall can be obtained through relevant theoretical analysis and conversion, one optical fiber test is completed only by a few minutes, a large amount of data can be obtained, the optical fiber sensor is connected into an optical fiber acquisition instrument through an optical cable, and after the optical fiber is installed, the space for monitoring is not required to be arranged above the pile wall, and the construction of other structures on the upper part is not influenced.
The key application of the distributed optical fiber sensor is the implantation of the optical fiber sensor, and the optical fiber implantation method which is widely used at present is to attach the optical fiber sensor to a reinforcement cage in the pile wall construction process, synchronously place the reinforcement cage and the optical fiber into the existing pile wall space, and then pour concrete, so the implantation method is mostly used for non-construction projects. Currently, with the large development of civil engineering and the promotion of peripheral matched engineering, a large number of new projects are close to existing buildings, such as the construction of urban subways, the widening of highways, the influence of excavation foundation pits on peripheral foundation piles, and projects which are not considered in time in construction, etc., and the new projects may influence the existing projects, so that the monitoring of the existing pile walls is necessary. The foundation engineering is deeply buried underground, displacement generated by the influence of surrounding environment is not easy to find, and only monitoring instruments can be relied on, but conventional sensors such as a reinforcing bar meter, a strain gauge and the like are buried and are difficult to embed into too many instruments, effective monitoring points are also difficult to ensure, a large amount of data can be obtained through one optical fiber during distributed optical fiber sensing, the optical fiber is small in size, no structural effect is generated, and in addition, the normal work of the structure is not influenced during later monitoring. However, the optical fiber is small and slim, and how to implant the optical fiber into the existing pile wall perfectly is a problem to be solved in the application process.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention firstly provides an optical fiber implantation device and an implantation method for an existing pile wall, by using the device, the rapid U-shaped layout of distributed optical fibers can be conveniently and safely realized in the existing pile of the horizontal loaded pile wall, and the damage in the optical fiber implantation process is avoided.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an optical fiber implantation device of an existing pile wall is characterized in that; the optical fiber grouting device comprises an auxiliary sleeve and a grouting head which is arranged at the bottom of the auxiliary sleeve and is hollow in the interior, wherein two sides of the auxiliary sleeve are respectively provided with a first groove used for positioning and temporarily fixing an optical fiber, the grouting head is provided with a second groove used for positioning and temporarily fixing the optical fiber, and the second groove is an open arc groove, so that the optical fiber is exposed out of the surface of the grouting head, and two ends of the optical fiber are respectively in smooth transition with the first grooves at two sides; the radian radius of the second groove is larger than the minimum bending radius of the optical fiber to be implanted, a plurality of grouting holes are formed in the grouting heads on two sides of the second groove, and the inner space of the grouting heads is connected with the grouting device through a grouting pipe arranged in the auxiliary sleeve.
Further, the first groove is a groove through which the auxiliary sleeve axially penetrates.
Further, the auxiliary sleeve is formed by connecting a plurality of hollow pipes end to end, first grooves are respectively formed in two sides of each hollow pipe, when two adjacent hollow pipes are connected, the first grooves on the same side are located on the same line, and temporary anchoring holes for temporary fixing are formed in pairs in each hollow pipe.
Further, the lower part of the grouting head is spherical, the second groove is formed in the spherical surface of the lower part of the grouting head, and the section of the second groove is a circular arc section which is not more than a semicircle, so that the U-shaped part of the optical fiber can be rapidly separated from the grouting head in the tube drawing process.
Further, the first grooves on two sides of the auxiliary sleeve are symmetrically arranged, the first grooves are open grooves with large inner parts and small outer parts, the width of the opening of each groove is smaller than the diameter of an optical fiber to be implanted, and the optical fiber is prevented from sliding out from the first grooves in the lateral direction in the implantation process of the optical fiber, so that the position is offset.
Further, the cross section of the first groove is a circular arc cross section larger than a semicircle, so that the optical fiber can freely pass through the groove within a certain diameter range, and the optical fiber can be prevented from sliding out, and positioning failure is caused.
Further, each end of the hollow pipe is provided with a pair of connecting holes, and two adjacent hollow pipes are connected through a connecting piece and the connecting holes.
Further, the upper end of each hollow pipe is provided with a necking for connecting and positioning, and the lower end of each hollow pipe is provided with a positioning groove matched with the necking or grouting head at the top of the adjacent hollow pipe.
The invention also provides an optical fiber implantation method of the existing pile wall, which adopts the optical fiber implantation device and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, drilling holes on piles of the existing pile wall by using drilling machine equipment, and completing hole cleaning, wherein the drilling positions avoid positions of main ribs, embedded parts and pipelines of the existing piles;
step 2, an auxiliary sleeve is lowered, a grouting head is arranged at the bottom of the auxiliary sleeve, the inner top of the grouting head is connected with a grouting pipe, an optical fiber to be implanted penetrates through a first groove on one side of the auxiliary sleeve, passes through a second groove at the bottom of the grouting head and then penetrates out of a first groove on the other side of the auxiliary sleeve, and optical fiber winding is completed; placing the auxiliary sleeve wound with the optical fiber into the drill hole by using hoisting equipment until the grouting head reaches the design depth of the implanted optical fiber;
step 3, primary grouting, namely connecting the top of a grouting pipe with a grouting device after the grouting head reaches the designed depth, and starting primary grouting into a drill hole until the top of the grouting liquid reaches the lower surface of the grouting head and wrapping the optical fiber part positioned on the grouting head;
and 4, grouting again and pulling out the pipe, grouting again after primary grouting is primarily solidified, simultaneously pulling out the auxiliary sleeve through hoisting equipment, and pulling out the auxiliary sleeve while grouting until the auxiliary sleeve and the grouting head are separated from the drilled hole, and completing optical fiber implantation of the existing pile wall after slurry in the drilled hole is solidified.
Further, when the auxiliary sleeve is formed by connecting a plurality of hollow pipes end to end, the specific method for lowering the auxiliary sleeve in the step 2 is as follows:
step 2.1, preparing a first hollow tube, taking a hollow tube, mounting a grouting head at the bottom of the hollow tube, connecting the inner top of the grouting head with the grouting tube, penetrating an optical fiber to be implanted from a first groove at one side of the hollow tube, penetrating out from the first groove at the other side of the hollow tube after passing through a second groove at the bottom of the grouting head, and finishing optical fiber winding of the first hollow tube;
step 2.2, placing the first section of hollow tube wound with the optical fiber into a drill hole by using hoisting equipment;
step 2.3, temporarily fixing a first hollow pipe at a hole opening of a drilled hole by utilizing a temporary anchoring hole, taking a second hollow pipe in addition, penetrating two ends of an optical fiber from first grooves at the bottoms of two sides of the second hollow pipe respectively, penetrating out from the top, connecting the bottom of the second hollow pipe with the top of the first hollow pipe through a connecting piece to form an auxiliary sleeve, and continuously lowering the auxiliary sleeve after removing the temporary fixing on the first hollow pipe, wherein the grouting pipe is lengthened by adopting connection or adopts a telescopic pipe;
and 2.4, continuing to connect the hollow tubes according to the method in the step 2.3 until the grouting head reaches the design depth of the implanted optical fiber, and completing the auxiliary sleeve lowering.
Further, when the auxiliary sleeve is formed by connecting a plurality of hollow pipes end to end, the concrete method for re-grouting and pipe pulling in the step 4 is as follows:
when the auxiliary sleeve is pulled out while grouting, when the auxiliary sleeve exposing the drilled hole is larger than one hollow pipe, grouting is suspended, the hollow pipe below the hollow pipe is fixed through a temporary anchoring hole, hoisting equipment on the top hollow pipe and the hollow pipe above the temporary fixed hollow pipe are removed, then the hoisting equipment is arranged on the temporary anchored hollow pipe, the temporary anchoring on the hollow pipe is removed, and then grouting is continued while pipe pulling is continued until the bottom of the grouting head is separated from the drilled hole.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention has simple structure, good protection for the implanted optical fiber, and can effectively prevent the implanted optical fiber from being excessively bent to fail, and the optical fiber basically only receives tensile stress when the tube is drawn, so the optical fiber is basically not damaged. The invention adopts a mode of splicing hollow sleeves in a grading way, so that the invention can adapt to drilling implantation with any depth, and the required operation space is small because of splicing.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an optical fiber implantation apparatus according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of an optical fiber implantation apparatus according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of a single hollow tube in example 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a process of splicing 3 hollow tubes into an auxiliary sleeve in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of drilling holes in existing piles and completing hole cleaning in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a lower auxiliary sleeve according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of primary grouting in an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic drawing of a tube drawing after primary grouting in an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 9 is a medial side view of fig. 8.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view of a temporary anchoring auxiliary sleeve in a tube drawing process in an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the completion of the implantation of the optical fiber according to an embodiment of the present invention.
100-auxiliary bushings, 110-hollow pipes, 111-temporary anchoring holes, 112-connecting holes, 113-necking, 114-positioning grooves, 120-first grooves, 200-implanted optical fibers, 201-U-shaped parts, 300-grouting heads, 301-ball profiles, 302-grouting holes, 303-screw holes, 304-second grooves, 400-anchor blocks, 500-long screws, 600-grouting pipes, 700-impermeable laminates, 800-hoisting equipment, 801-hoisting ropes, 802-hoisting bolts, 900-existing pile foundations, 901-drilling holes, 10-drill bases, 11-drill pipes, 12-drill bits, 13-primary grouting.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are illustrative of the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present invention and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 1, the optical fiber implanting device of the present invention comprises an auxiliary sleeve 100 and a grouting head 300 mounted at the bottom of the auxiliary sleeve 100 and hollow inside, wherein both sides of the auxiliary sleeve 100 are respectively provided with a first groove 120 for positioning and temporarily fixing an optical fiber, the grouting head 300 is provided with a second groove 304 for positioning and temporarily fixing an optical fiber, the second groove 304 is an open arc groove, and both ends of the second groove 304 are respectively in smooth transition with the first grooves 120 at both sides so that the optical fiber is exposed out of the surface of the grouting head 300; the radius of curvature of the second groove 304 is larger than the minimum bending radius of the optical fiber 200 to be implanted, the grouting heads 300 at two sides of the second groove 304 are provided with a plurality of grouting holes 302, and the inner space of the grouting heads 300 is connected with a grouting device through a grouting pipe 600 arranged in the auxiliary sleeve 100. After the optical fiber 200 is implanted by the device, the optical fiber is shaped into a U-shape by two first grooves 120 and one second groove 304.
In this embodiment, the lower portion of the grouting head 300 is preferably spherical, the second groove 304 is disposed on the spherical surface, the cross section of the second groove 304 is a circular arc cross section not greater than a semicircle, and the spherical grouting head 300 can ensure that the contact surface between the slurry and the grouting head 300 is minimum when the primary grouting is performed, so that the optical fiber U-shaped end and the grouting head 300 are quickly separated in the pipe pulling process after the primary grouting is solidified.
As a preferred embodiment, the grouting head 300 is hollow, and a plurality of grouting holes 302 are uniformly distributed on the spherical surfaces at two sides of the second groove 304, so as to improve grouting uniformity.
As a preferred embodiment, the middle part of the grouting head 300 has the same inner diameter as the auxiliary sleeve 100 at the installation position, so that the slurry is prevented from entering the auxiliary sleeve 100; the grouting head 300 has a connection port at its top, which is convenient to connect with the grouting pipe 600, and may be a screw thread port or a bayonet, so as to achieve quick connection and disassembly.
As a preferred embodiment, the second groove 304 is disposed on the spherical surface of the lower portion of the grouting head 300, and the cross section of the second groove 304 is a circular arc cross section not greater than a semicircle, which not only can satisfy the positioning of the U-shaped portion 201 of the implanted optical fiber 200, but also can enable the U-shaped portion 201 of the implanted optical fiber 200 to be quickly separated from the grouting head 300.
Further preferably, the cross section of the second groove 304 is a circular arc-shaped cross section of 1/4 circle, which increases the contact area between the U-shaped portion 201 of the implanted optical fiber and the primary grouting, and effectively prevents the failure of separating the U-shaped portion 201 of the optical fiber from the grouting head 300 after the primary grouting is solidified.
As an preferred embodiment, the first grooves 120 on two sides of the auxiliary sleeve 100 are symmetrically arranged, the first grooves 120 are open grooves with large inner and small outer, and the width of the groove opening of the first groove 120 is smaller than the diameter of the optical fiber 200 to be implanted, so that the optical fiber can be effectively prevented from sliding out of the first grooves 120, which results in failure of shaping the optical fiber.
Further preferably, the cross section of the first groove 120 is a circular arc cross section larger than a semicircle, and is most preferably a 3/4 circular arc cross section, the diameter of the circular arc is larger than that of the optical fiber to be implanted, the width of the notch of the circular arc is smaller than that of the optical fiber to be implanted 200, so that the requirement of preventing slipping out is met, and the optical fiber with different sizes can be adapted in a certain range.
As a specific example, the auxiliary sleeve 100 may have an outer tube diameter of 80mm, an inner tube diameter of 60mm, and a spherical surface diameter of 60mm at the lower portion of the injection head 300, so that the injection head 300 can be mounted just inside the bottom of the auxiliary sleeve 100. The bending portion of the implanted optical fiber 200 is a U-shaped portion 201 located on the grouting head 300, the bending radius of the U-shaped portion 201 depends on the bending radius of the second groove 304 on the grouting head 300, basically depends on the spherical radius of the grouting head 300, and takes the G657 optical fiber as an example, and the maximum value of the minimum bending radius in various models is 10mm. The grouting head 300 of the present invention has a diameter of 60mm, and is consistent with the pipe diameter of the inner pipe of the auxiliary sleeve 100, and can also meet the requirement of a minimum bending curvature greater than the bending of the optical fiber.
The method for performing the optical fiber implantation of the existing stake wall by using the optical fiber implantation apparatus of example 1 is as follows:
step 1, drilling, as shown in fig. 5, by using drilling machine equipment to drill holes on piles of the existing pile wall and finish hole cleaning, wherein the drilling positions avoid positions of main ribs, embedded parts and pipelines of the existing piles;
step 2, as shown in fig. 6, the auxiliary sleeve 100 is lowered (both embodiments 1 and 2 can be schematically shown in fig. 6), the grouting head 300 is installed at the bottom of the auxiliary sleeve 100, the top of the grouting head 300 is connected with the grouting pipe 600, the optical fiber to be implanted is penetrated from the first groove 120 at one side of the auxiliary sleeve 100, passes through the second groove 304 at the bottom of the grouting head 300, and then is penetrated from the first groove 120 at the other side of the auxiliary sleeve 100, so as to complete optical fiber winding; placing the auxiliary sleeve 100 wound with the optical fiber into the borehole by using the hoisting device 800 until the grouting head 300 reaches the designed depth of the implanted optical fiber 200;
step 3, primary grouting, as shown in fig. 7, after the grouting head 300 reaches the designed depth, connecting the top of the grouting pipe 600 with a grouting device, and starting primary grouting into the drill hole until the top of the grout reaches the lower surface of the grouting head 300 and wraps the optical fiber part positioned on the grouting head 300;
and 4, grouting again and pulling out the pipe, grouting again after primary grouting is primarily solidified, simultaneously pulling out the auxiliary sleeve 100 through the hoisting equipment 800, grouting while pulling out the auxiliary sleeve 100 until the auxiliary sleeve 100 and the grouting head 300 are separated from the drilled hole, and completing the optical fiber implantation of the existing pile wall after the slurry in the drilled hole is solidified.
As shown in fig. 11, after the optical fiber implantation is completed, an impermeable layer 700 is arranged on the surface of the pile hole, and the optical fiber is connected with signal acquisition equipment or connected with other optical fibers in series, so that the monitoring work of the existing pile foundation 900 or the pile wall formed by the pile foundations can be started.
In the drilling process of the embodiment in the step 1, the installation of the drilling machine equipment must be stable and stable, and the base is ensured to be horizontal. After the drilling machine is in place, the drilling machine is leveled by using a leveling tool, and the expansion bolts are drilled into the ground to fix the drilling machine, so that the perpendicularity of the drill rod and the drilling machine are ensured not to be inclined and shifted in the core drilling process. And punching the pile by using a geological drilling rig and cleaning residues in the hole. The drill core position is selected at a position with smaller stress on the structure or the component, avoids the positions of the main reinforcement, the embedded part and the pipeline, and avoids other reinforcing steel bars as much as possible.
According to the technical specification of detecting the concrete strength by a core drilling method, the specified compression-resistant core sample test piece is preferably a core sample with the diameter of 100mm, and the diameter of the core sample test piece is not preferably smaller than 3 times of the maximum particle size of aggregate; small diameter core samples may also be used, but should not be less than 70mm in diameter and should not be less than 2 times the maximum particle size of the aggregate. The hole diameter of the drilled hole of the invention is selected to be 100mm.
In the primary grouting process in the step 3, the primary grouting amount can be determined through a liquid level sensor, and also can be determined through a calculation method, and the calculation method specifically comprises the following steps:
the initial bottom slurry injection stage is initiated with a slurry flow velocity v and an average radius r, i.e., average cross-sectional area s=pi r, of the grouting pipe 600 2 The total length of the auxiliary sleeve 100 is h, and the length of the auxiliary sleeve 100 exposed from the bottom of the grouting head 300 is h 1 The total depth of pile foundation drilling is H, the grouting head 300 is placed after completion, and the distance between the grouting head 300 and the hole bottom is H 2 The auxiliary sleeve 100 has a top spaced from the borehole opening by a distance h 0 (h when the top of the auxiliary sleeve 100 is higher than the borehole opening 0 Take negative value), have h 2 ＝H-h-h 0 The borehole volume below the grouting head 300 is v=pi R 2 h 2 . Namely, when the grouting amount of the grouting pipe 600 is V, the primary grouting is completed, and the pipe pulling operation can be performed after the primary grouting is primarily solidified. The grouting amount of the grouting pipe 600 is q=vst in the t time, and v=q is given by
I.e. the primary grouting is completed after time t.
As a preferred embodiment, in order to enable the primary grouting to be quickly solidified to achieve the purpose of enabling the U-shaped portion 201 of the optical fiber to be separated from the grouting head 300, an early strength agent may be added during the primary grouting, so that the slurry of the primary grouting can be quickly solidified to achieve the purpose of enabling the wrapped optical fiber to be engaged, and enabling the U-shaped portion 201 of the implantation relation to be quickly separated from the grouting head 300.
As a preferred embodiment, in order to separate the U-shaped portion 201 of the optical fiber from the grouting head 300 quickly after the primary grouting solidification, the grouting head 300 may be made of a material having poor bonding with the slurry, such as plastic, or the surface of the grouting head 300 may be coated with a coating similar to a release agent, or may be coated with a plastic film, so as to be separated quickly in one pass; when the grouting head 300 is relatively poor in combination with slurry in a mode of selecting materials or adding a coating, the primary grouting amount can be properly increased, so that the part of the grouting head exposed out of the auxiliary sleeve after primary grouting solidification can be completely wrapped, the U-shaped part of the optical fiber can be shaped to the greatest extent, and the optical fiber is prevented from being pulled out during separation; when the material selection of the grouting head and the separation of the optical fibers are not particularly easy, the grouting amount of primary grouting can only reach the lower surface of the grouting head, and the pipe pulling separation is required to be slow so as to ensure the integrity of the optical fibers, but no matter which technology does not affect the implementation of the technical scheme of the invention, but the technical means is adopted so that the implantation speed of the optical fibers can be obviously improved when the bonding force between the grouting head and the slurry is poor.
In embodiment 2, as shown in fig. 2 to fig. 4, other parts of the present embodiment are the same as those of embodiment 1, except that the auxiliary sleeve 100 of the present embodiment is formed by connecting several hollow tubes 110 end to end, two sides of each hollow tube 110 are respectively provided with a first groove 120, when two adjacent hollow tubes 110 are connected, the first grooves 120 on the same side are located on the same line, and each hollow tube 110 is provided with temporary anchoring holes 111 for temporary fixing in pairs. When the auxiliary sleeve 100 is used, the auxiliary sleeve 100 can be spliced according to the drilling depth, so that the space required by hoisting is reduced and the grouting operation difficulty is reduced in a splicing mode.
As a preferred embodiment of embodiment 2, each end of the hollow tube 110 is provided with a pair of connecting holes 112, the connecting holes 112 are connecting screw holes, and two adjacent hollow tubes 110 are connected with each other through a connecting piece and the connecting holes 112. Further preferably, the connectors are connecting bolts that facilitate disassembly between hollow tubes 110.
As a preferred embodiment of embodiment 2, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the upper end of each hollow tube 110 is provided with a neck 113 for connection positioning, the lower end is provided with a positioning groove 114 matched with the neck 113 at the top of the adjacent hollow tube 110 or the grouting head 300, the positioning groove 114 can be formed after the inner diameter of the bottom of the hollow tube 110 is expanded, the grouting head 300 is installed in the positioning groove 114 of the bottommost hollow tube 110, the grouting head 300 is provided with a screw hole 303 for installation, and the grouting head 300 can be fixedly installed in the screw hole 303 after passing through the existing connecting hole 112 through bolts.
As a preferred embodiment of embodiment 2, the temporary anchoring hole 111 is provided at the middle or upper portion of the hollow tube 110 to prevent the temporary anchoring and the hanging device 800 from interfering with each other.
The method of implanting the existing stub wall using the optical fiber implanting apparatus of example 2 is largely the same as the method of implanting the optical fiber implanting apparatus of example 1, with the following differences:
in the step 2, the auxiliary sleeve 100 is spliced in the process of lowering, and the specific method is as follows:
step 2.1, preparing a first hollow tube, taking a hollow tube, mounting a grouting head 300 at the bottom of the hollow tube, connecting the top in the grouting head 300 with the grouting tube 600, penetrating an optical fiber to be implanted from a first groove 120 at one side of the hollow tube, penetrating out from the first groove 120 at the other side of the hollow tube after passing through a second groove 304 at the bottom of the grouting head 300, and finishing optical fiber winding of the first hollow tube 110;
step 2.2, placing the first section of hollow tube wound with the optical fiber into a drill hole by using the hoisting equipment 800;
step 2.3, as shown in fig. 6, temporarily fixing the first hollow tube at the hole opening of the drill hole by using a temporary anchoring hole 111, taking a second hollow tube, penetrating two ends of the optical fiber from the first grooves 120 at the bottoms of two sides of the second hollow tube respectively, penetrating out from the top, connecting the bottom of the second hollow tube with the top of the first hollow tube by using a connecting piece to form an auxiliary sleeve 100, removing the temporary fixing on the first hollow tube, and continuing to lower the auxiliary sleeve 100, wherein the grouting tube 600 adopts connection lengthening or adopts a telescopic tube;
step 2.4, continuing to connect the hollow tube 110 according to the method in step 2.3 until the grouting head 300 reaches the designed depth of the implanted optical fiber 200, and completing the lowering of the auxiliary sleeve 100.
In the step 4, the concrete method for re-grouting and tube drawing is as follows:
when the auxiliary sleeve 100 is pulled out while grouting, when the auxiliary sleeve 100 exposing the drilled hole is larger than one hollow pipe 110, suspending grouting, fixing the hollow pipe 110 below the hollow pipe 110 through the temporary anchoring hole 111, removing the hoisting device 800 on the topmost hollow pipe 110 and the hollow pipes 110 above the temporary fixing hollow pipe 110, then installing the hoisting device 800 on the temporary anchored hollow pipe 110, removing the temporary anchoring on the hollow pipe 110, and continuing grouting while pulling out until the bottom of the grouting head 300 is separated from the drilled hole.
For the present embodiment, when determining the grouting amount of the primary grouting, the length of the auxiliary sleeve 100 is h 1 ＝nh 3 N is the number of sections of the hollow tube 110, h 3 Is the length of a single hollow tube 110.
As a specific example, the grouting head 300 is fixed to the connection hole 112 at the bottom of the first hollow tube 110 by bolts.
As a preferred embodiment, before the first hollow tube 110 is lowered, pairs of anchor blocks 400 (may be cement anchor blocks or steel structure anchor blocks) are arranged at two sides of the drilled hole, fixing holes are reserved on the anchor blocks 400, and when the first hollow tube 110 is lowered, the temporary anchoring holes 111 on the hollow tube 110 are oriented to correspond to the fixing holes on the anchor blocks 400; in step 2 and step 4, when the hollow tube 110 is temporarily fixed, the auxiliary sleeve 100 is temporarily fixed by passing the long screw 500 through the fixing hole of the anchor block 400 and the temporary anchoring hole 111 of the hollow tube 110.
As a preferred embodiment, when the auxiliary sleeve 100 is lowered, the optical fiber can be ensured to be attached in the second groove 304 by external force or binding the optical fiber on the topmost hollow tube 110, and when the optical fiber is pulled out, a certain straightening state is automatically maintained due to the pulling force.
It should be noted that, in either embodiment 1 or embodiment 2, when the tube is drawn after the primary grouting is solidified, care needs to be taken to slowly draw the tube, so as to prevent the damage of the optical fiber caused by too fast drawing, and when the drawing height is greater than the downward exposed height of the grouting head 300, the drawing speed can be increased, and at this time, the drawn optical fiber mainly receives the tensile stress of the vertical method, and the optical fiber itself has a certain tensile capacity, so that the drawing speed can be increased, so as to increase the implantation speed.
Before the primary grouting, a release agent may be coated on the surface of the grouting head 300 (the surface of the optical fiber cannot be coated), so that the primary grouting amount can be larger, and the grouting head 300 is separated from the U-shaped portion 201 of the implanted optical fiber 200 more quickly when the pipe is pulled out.
It should be noted that, the hoisting device 800 of the present invention is not limited, the general hoisting device 800 may be adopted, in the hoisting process, hooks or hoisting ropes are adopted to be fixed in the connecting hole 112 at the upper end of the topmost hollow tube 110, the specific fixing mode is not limited, the hooks may be adopted to directly hook the connecting hole 112, or a cross bar may be further arranged at the end of the hoisting ropes, the diameter of the cross bar is smaller than that of the connecting hole 112, the length is greater than that of the connecting hole 112, the cross bar vertically passes through the connecting hole 112 and then horizontally passes, so that the quick fixing can be completed, and the dismounting process is just opposite.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention, and are not limiting of the present invention. While the invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various combinations, modifications, and substitutions can be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. An optical fiber implantation device of an existing pile wall is characterized in that; the optical fiber grouting device comprises an auxiliary sleeve and a grouting head which is arranged at the bottom of the auxiliary sleeve and is hollow in the interior, wherein two sides of the auxiliary sleeve are respectively provided with a first groove used for positioning and temporarily fixing an optical fiber, the grouting head is provided with a second groove used for positioning and temporarily fixing the optical fiber, and the second groove is an open arc groove, so that the optical fiber is exposed out of the surface of the grouting head, and two ends of the optical fiber are respectively in smooth transition with the first grooves at two sides; the radian radius of the second groove is larger than the minimum bending radius of the optical fiber to be implanted, a plurality of grouting holes are formed in grouting heads on two sides of the second groove, and the inner space of each grouting head is connected with a grouting device through a grouting pipe arranged in the auxiliary sleeve;
the lower part of the grouting head is spherical, the second groove is arranged on the spherical surface of the lower part of the grouting head, and the section of the second groove is a circular arc section which is not more than a semicircle;
the first grooves on two sides of the auxiliary sleeve are symmetrically arranged, the first grooves are open grooves with large inner parts and small outer parts, and the width of the opening of each groove is smaller than the diameter of the optical fiber to be implanted.
2. The fiber optic implant device of claim 1, wherein; the auxiliary sleeve consists of a plurality of hollow pipes which are connected end to end, wherein the two sides of each hollow pipe are respectively provided with a first groove, when two adjacent hollow pipes are connected, the first grooves on the same side are positioned on the same line, and each hollow pipe is provided with temporary anchoring holes for temporary fixation in pairs.
3. The fiber optic implant device of claim 1, wherein; the cross section of the first groove is an arc-shaped cross section which is larger than a semicircle.
4. The fiber optic implant device of claim 2, wherein; and each end of each hollow pipe is provided with a pair of connecting holes, and two adjacent hollow pipes are connected through a connecting piece and the connecting holes.
5. The fiber optic implant device of claim 2, wherein; the upper end of each hollow pipe is provided with a necking for connecting and positioning, and the lower end of each hollow pipe is provided with a positioning groove matched with the necking or grouting head at the top of the adjacent hollow pipe.
6. An optical fiber implantation method for an existing stake wall, employing the optical fiber implantation device according to any one of claims 2 to 5, comprising the steps of:
step 1, drilling holes on piles of the existing pile wall by using drilling machine equipment, and completing hole cleaning, wherein the drilling positions avoid positions of main ribs, embedded parts and pipelines of the existing piles;
step 2, an auxiliary sleeve is lowered, a grouting head is arranged at the bottom of the auxiliary sleeve, the inner top of the grouting head is connected with a grouting pipe, an optical fiber to be implanted penetrates through a first groove on one side of the auxiliary sleeve, passes through a second groove at the bottom of the grouting head and then penetrates out of a first groove on the other side of the auxiliary sleeve, and optical fiber winding is completed; placing the auxiliary sleeve wound with the optical fiber into the drill hole by using hoisting equipment until the grouting head reaches the design depth of the implanted optical fiber;
step 3, primary grouting, namely connecting the top of a grouting pipe with a grouting device after the grouting head reaches the designed depth, and starting primary grouting into a drill hole until the top of the grouting liquid reaches the lower surface of the grouting head and wrapping the optical fiber part positioned on the grouting head;
and 4, grouting again and pulling out the pipe, grouting again after primary grouting is primarily solidified, simultaneously pulling out the auxiliary sleeve through hoisting equipment, and pulling out the auxiliary sleeve while grouting until the auxiliary sleeve and the grouting head are separated from the drilled hole, and completing optical fiber implantation of the existing pile wall after slurry in the drilled hole is solidified.
7. The method of fiber implantation according to claim 6, wherein: when the auxiliary sleeve is formed by connecting a plurality of hollow pipes end to end, the specific method for lowering the auxiliary sleeve in the step 2 is as follows:
step 2.1, preparing a first hollow tube, taking a hollow tube, mounting a grouting head at the bottom of the hollow tube, connecting the inner top of the grouting head with the grouting tube, penetrating an optical fiber to be implanted from a first groove at one side of the hollow tube, penetrating out from the first groove at the other side of the hollow tube after passing through a second groove at the bottom of the grouting head, and finishing optical fiber winding of the first hollow tube;
step 2.2, placing the first section of hollow tube wound with the optical fiber into a drill hole by using hoisting equipment;
step 2.3, temporarily fixing a first hollow pipe at a hole opening of a drilled hole by utilizing a temporary anchoring hole, taking a second hollow pipe in addition, penetrating two ends of an optical fiber from first grooves at the bottoms of two sides of the second hollow pipe respectively, penetrating out from the top, connecting the bottom of the second hollow pipe with the top of the first hollow pipe through a connecting piece to form an auxiliary sleeve, and continuously lowering the auxiliary sleeve after removing the temporary fixing on the first hollow pipe, wherein the grouting pipe is lengthened by adopting connection or adopts a telescopic pipe;
and 2.4, continuing to connect the hollow tubes according to the method in the step 2.3 until the grouting head reaches the design depth of the implanted optical fiber, and completing the auxiliary sleeve lowering.
8. The method of fiber implantation according to claim 6, wherein: when the auxiliary sleeve is formed by connecting a plurality of hollow pipes end to end, the concrete method for re-grouting and pipe pulling in the step 4 is as follows:
when the auxiliary sleeve is pulled out while grouting, when the auxiliary sleeve exposing the drilled hole is larger than one hollow pipe, grouting is suspended, the hollow pipe below the hollow pipe is fixed through a temporary anchoring hole, hoisting equipment on the top hollow pipe and the hollow pipe above the temporary fixed hollow pipe are removed, then the hoisting equipment is arranged on the temporary anchored hollow pipe, the temporary anchoring on the hollow pipe is removed, and then grouting is continued while pipe pulling is continued until the bottom of the grouting head is separated from the drilled hole.
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| JP3641771B2 (en) * | 1997-05-12 | 2005-04-27 | 株式会社竹中工務店 | Method for detecting damage of foundation pile from ground surface and apparatus used for the method |
| GB201401921D0 (en) * | 2014-02-05 | 2014-03-19 | Cementation Skanska Ltd | Method of monitoring subsurface concrete structures |
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