CN115274303A - Aging method and aging circuit of aluminum electrolytic capacitor and aluminum electrolytic capacitor - Google Patents
Aging method and aging circuit of aluminum electrolytic capacitor and aluminum electrolytic capacitor Download PDFInfo
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- CN115274303A CN115274303A CN202211047838.7A CN202211047838A CN115274303A CN 115274303 A CN115274303 A CN 115274303A CN 202211047838 A CN202211047838 A CN 202211047838A CN 115274303 A CN115274303 A CN 115274303A
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- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 206
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 175
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 175
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 149
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 111
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000002431 foraging effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003679 aging effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 4
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- 238000010278 pulse charging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/0029—Processes of manufacture
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/004—Details
- H01G9/04—Electrodes or formation of dielectric layers thereon
- H01G9/042—Electrodes or formation of dielectric layers thereon characterised by the material
- H01G9/045—Electrodes or formation of dielectric layers thereon characterised by the material based on aluminium
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/145—Liquid electrolytic capacitors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
- H02G1/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for installing, maintaining, repairing or dismantling electric cables or lines
- H02G1/12—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for installing, maintaining, repairing or dismantling electric cables or lines for removing insulation or armouring from cables, e.g. from the end thereof
- H02G1/1202—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for installing, maintaining, repairing or dismantling electric cables or lines for removing insulation or armouring from cables, e.g. from the end thereof by cutting and withdrawing insulation
- H02G1/1248—Machines
- H02G1/1251—Machines the cutting element not rotating about the wire or cable
- H02G1/1263—Machines the cutting element not rotating about the wire or cable making a transverse and longitudinal cut
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0068—Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/007188—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters
- H02J7/007192—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters in response to temperature
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Abstract
The invention provides an aging method and an aging circuit of an aluminum electrolytic capacitor and the aluminum electrolytic capacitor, wherein the method comprises the following steps: a first aging stage: after the charging voltage is controlled to be maintained at a first room temperature aging voltage to carry out direct charging on the aluminum electrolytic capacitor for a first preset time, under a high-temperature environment, the charging voltage is controlled to be maintained at a first high temperature aging voltage and the aluminum electrolytic capacitor is charged and discharged for a second preset time at a first pulse frequency; a second aging stage: and after the charging voltage is controlled to be maintained at the rated aging voltage to carry out direct charging on the aluminum electrolytic capacitor for a third preset time, under a high-temperature environment, the charging voltage is controlled to be maintained at a second high-temperature aging voltage and the aluminum electrolytic capacitor is charged and discharged for a fourth preset time at a second pulse frequency. The invention adopts two aging modes to age the aluminum electrolytic capacitor, can ensure the quality of the oxide film, inhibit the return rise of leakage current, ensure the aging effect and ensure the optimal product performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of capacitors, in particular to an aging method and an aging circuit of an aluminum electrolytic capacitor and the aluminum electrolytic capacitor.
Background
The lead type aluminum electrolytic capacitor is used as a common device on an electronic circuit and plays electric roles of filtering, bypassing, coupling, decoupling, phase inversion and the like. With the more and more extensive application of aluminum electrolytic capacitor products, high-voltage products are not limited to conventional 400V-500V and 550V ultrahigh-voltage products, and are also researched and developed for use. For the ultrahigh voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor product, because the working voltage is relatively high, the voltage withstanding value required by the anode aluminum foil of the capacitor is relatively high synchronously. In the production process of the capacitor, the oxide film damaged in the previous working procedure is repaired by the aging process of the capacitor, the breakdown rate of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor is reduced, the breakdown rate and the leakage current of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor are reduced, the yield of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor is improved, and the service life of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor is prolonged. For the aging of the ultrahigh-voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor, if a traditional aging method is adopted, because the voltage is too high, the repair capacity is limited, and a large amount of heat is easily generated due to too fast pressurization, the adverse phenomena of bulging, bulging bottom even explosion and the like caused by the rise of the air pressure in the sealed space inside the aluminum electrolytic capacitor are easily caused, and meanwhile, the product is unqualified in electric leakage due to incomplete repair, the early failure of the product is caused, and the service life is greatly reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an aging method and an aging circuit of an aluminum electrolytic capacitor and the aluminum electrolytic capacitor, which are used for solving or partially solving the problems of the prior aging method for aging the ultrahigh voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor in the background technology.
In one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for aging an aluminum electrolytic capacitor, the method comprising:
a first aging stage: under the room temperature environment, controlling a charging voltage to be maintained at a first room temperature aging voltage to perform direct charging on the aluminum electrolytic capacitor for a first preset time, and after the direct charging for the first preset time is completed, controlling the charging voltage to be maintained at a first high temperature aging voltage and performing charging and discharging on the aluminum electrolytic capacitor for a second preset time at a first pulse frequency under the high temperature environment, wherein the first room temperature aging voltage is higher than the first high temperature aging voltage;
a second aging stage: and under the room temperature environment, controlling the charging voltage to be maintained at the rated aging voltage to perform direct charging on the aluminum electrolytic capacitor for a third preset time, and after the direct charging for the third preset time is completed, controlling the charging voltage to be maintained at a second high-temperature aging voltage and performing charging and discharging on the aluminum electrolytic capacitor for a fourth preset time at a second pulse frequency under the high-temperature environment, wherein the second high-temperature aging voltage is lower than the rated aging voltage.
Further, the value of the first room-temperature aging voltage is 93-97% of the rated aging voltage, the value of the first high-temperature aging voltage is 91-95% of the rated aging voltage, and the value of the second high-temperature aging voltage is 97-99% of the rated aging voltage.
Further, prior to the first burn-in stage, the method further comprises:
a boosting stage: and under the room temperature environment, controlling the charging voltage to be increased to the first room temperature aging voltage in stages so as to directly charge the aluminum electrolytic capacitor.
Further, the controlling the charging voltage to be raised to the first room temperature aging voltage in stages comprises:
and controlling the charging voltage to increase a first preset voltage every time, and maintaining the current charging voltage within a preset voltage stabilization duration after the first preset voltage is increased every time, wherein the value of the first preset voltage is 1/15-1/5 of the first room-temperature aging voltage.
Further, after the second aging stage, the method further comprises:
and (3) room temperature aging stage: and under the room temperature environment, controlling the charging voltage to be maintained at the second high-temperature aging voltage to perform direct charging on the aluminum electrolytic capacitor for a fifth preset time.
Further, after the room temperature aging stage, the method further comprises: and controlling the aluminum electrolytic capacitor to cool and discharge in a normal temperature environment.
Further, the charging and discharging the aluminum electrolytic capacitor at the first pulse frequency for a second preset time period includes: controlling the aluminum electrolytic capacitor to work at a duty ratio X: and Y is charged and discharged, wherein X is the charging duration time for completing one charging and discharging pulse period, Y is the discharging duration time for completing one charging and discharging pulse period, the value of X is 3-5 min, and the value of Y is 20-40 s.
Further, the charging and discharging the aluminum electrolytic capacitor at the second pulse frequency for a fourth preset time period includes: controlling the aluminum electrolytic capacitor to work at a duty ratio W: and Z is charged and discharged, wherein W is the charging duration time for completing one charging and discharging pulse cycle, Z is the discharging duration time for completing one charging and discharging pulse cycle, the value of W is 3-5 min, and the value of Z is 20-40 s.
Furthermore, the value of the rated aging voltage is between the rated working voltage of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor and the formation voltage value of the anode aluminum foil of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor.
Further, the value range of the first preset time is 1 h-3 h;
the value range of the second preset time is 2-4 h;
the value range of the third preset time is 1-3 h;
the value range of the fourth preset time is 4-6 h.
Further, the value range of the fifth preset time is 0.5 h-3 h.
In another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a aging circuit for implementing the aging method of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor described above, the aging circuit including a constant voltage and constant current power supply, a bidirectional switch, a discharge resistor and a charge resistor,
the charging resistor is connected in series with a plurality of aluminum electrolytic capacitors to be aged which are arranged in parallel to form an aging branch circuit, and the aging branch circuit is connected with the constant-current constant-voltage power supply through a first switch terminal of the bidirectional switch; the discharging resistor is connected with the aging branch circuit through a second switch terminal of the bidirectional switch, when a first switch terminal of the bidirectional switch is closed, the aging branch circuit is connected with the constant-current constant-voltage power supply to realize charging of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor to be aged, when the two switch terminals of the bidirectional switch are closed, the aging branch circuit is connected with the discharging resistor to realize discharging of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor to be aged, and the aging branch circuit is arranged in the oven.
Further, the burn-in circuit includes at least one burn-in branch.
In another aspect of the present invention, an aluminum electrolytic capacitor prepared by the aging method of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor comprises a cathode aluminum foil, an anode aluminum foil, electrolytic paper, a guide pin and an electrolyte, wherein the electrolytic paper is arranged between the anode aluminum foil and the cathode aluminum foil at intervals, and the guide pin is respectively arranged on the anode aluminum foil and the cathode aluminum foil.
Further, the air conditioner is provided with a fan,
the formation voltage of the anode aluminum foil is more than 1.4 times of the rated voltage value of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor;
the formation voltage of the cathode aluminum foil is more than 3 VF;
the formation voltage of the guide needle is more than 1.08 times of the rated voltage value of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor.
Furthermore, the material of the electrolytic paper is a multi-fiber composite electrolytic paper, the thickness of the electrolytic paper is 30-40 μm, and the density is 0.7g/cm 3 ～0.8g/cm 3 The electrolytic paper is arranged into 2-6 layers.
Further, the electrolyte is long carbon chain branched organic ammonium salt of a nanoscale material.
According to the aging method, the aging circuit and the aluminum electrolytic capacitor of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor provided by the embodiment of the invention, the first aging stage and the second aging stage are arranged, and the first aging stage comprises the following steps: after the charging voltage is controlled to be maintained at a first room temperature aging voltage to carry out direct charging on the aluminum electrolytic capacitor for a first preset time, under a high-temperature environment, the charging voltage is controlled to be maintained at a first high temperature aging voltage and the aluminum electrolytic capacitor is charged and discharged for a second preset time at a first pulse frequency; a second aging stage: and after the charging voltage is controlled to be maintained at the rated aging voltage to carry out direct charging on the aluminum electrolytic capacitor for a third preset time, under a high-temperature environment, the charging voltage is controlled to be maintained at a second high-temperature aging voltage and the aluminum electrolytic capacitor is charged and discharged for a fourth preset time at a second pulse frequency. The invention adopts two aging modes to age the aluminum electrolytic capacitor, can ensure the quality of an oxide film, inhibit the return rise of leakage current, ensure the aging effect and ensure the optimal performance of products.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and the embodiments of the present invention are described below in order to make the technical means of the present invention more clearly understood and to make the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understandable.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Also, like reference numerals are used to refer to like parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an aluminum electrolytic capacitor provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a burn-in circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a method for aging an aluminum electrolytic capacitor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a graph showing a relationship between a aging voltage and an aging time of an aluminum electrolytic capacitor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The notation in the figure is:
1. cathode aluminum foil; 2. an anode aluminum foil; 3. electrolyzing paper; 4. and (6) guiding the needle.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an aluminum electrolytic capacitor according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as can be seen from fig. 1, the aluminum electrolytic capacitor according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a cathode aluminum foil 1, an anode aluminum foil 2, electrolytic paper 3, a guide pin 4, and an electrolyte (not shown in the drawing), where the electrolytic paper 3 is disposed between the anode aluminum foil 2 and the cathode aluminum foil 1 at intervals, and the anode aluminum foil 2 and the cathode aluminum foil 1 are respectively provided with the guide pin. Wherein the formation voltage of the anode aluminum foil is more than 1.4 times of the rated voltage value of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor; the formation voltage of the cathode aluminum foil is more than 3 VF; the formation voltage of the guide needle is more than 1.08 times of the rated voltage value of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor. In one embodiment of the present invention, when the rated operating voltage of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor is 550WV, the anode aluminum foil is an anode aluminum foil with a formation voltage of 780VF or more; the cathode aluminum foil is formed into a cathode aluminum foil with the voltage of more than 3 VF; the performance of the electrolytic capacitor is more stable under the condition of long-term use. The guide pin 4 is a guide pin with voltage of more than 600V. So as to reduce the heating value of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor in the actual use process and improve the reliability.
The thickness of the electrolytic paper 3 is 30-40 μm, the density is 0.7g/cm 3-0.8 g/cm3, and the electrolytic paper 3 is arranged into 2-6 layers, so that the withstand voltage is improved due to the overlapping of the electrolytic paper 3, and the aluminum electrolytic capacitor has a good loss angle and low ESR.
Furthermore, the production process of the product is that the wound core is dried and then is soaked in electrolyte in a vacuumizing and pressurizing mode, a rubber plug is sleeved on the core, a matched aluminum shell is placed for sealing, and then a sleeve is sleeved on the core, wherein the sleeve plays an insulating role, and meanwhile, the aluminum shell can be prevented from being short-circuited and generating static electricity, so that the service life of the capacitor is prolonged. The electrolyte is generally selected from long carbon chain branched organic ammonium salt of a nano-grade material, so that the performance and reliability of the capacitor are improved, and the quality and the service life of the capacitor are ensured.
The aluminum electrolytic capacitor of the embodiment of the present invention is prepared by the aging circuit of the following embodiment and by the aging method of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor of the following embodiment.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a burn-in circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention, in the embodiment of the present invention, the aluminum electrolytic capacitor is burned in by using the burn-in circuit shown in fig. 2, as can be seen from fig. 2, the burn-in circuit according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a constant voltage constant current power supply CCV, a bidirectional switch K, a discharge resistor Rr and a charge resistor Rp,
the charging resistor Rp is connected in series with a plurality of aluminum electrolytic capacitors C to be aged which are arranged in parallel to form an aging branch, and the aging branch is connected with the constant-current constant-voltage power supply CCV through a first switch terminal of a bidirectional switch K; the discharging resistor Rr is connected with the aging branch circuit through a second switch terminal of the bidirectional switch K, when a first switch terminal of the bidirectional switch K is closed, the aging branch circuit is connected with the constant-current constant-voltage power supply CCV to realize charging of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor C to be aged, when two switch terminals connected with the bidirectional switch K are closed, the aging branch circuit is connected with the discharging resistor Rr to realize discharging of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor C to be aged, and the aging branch circuit is arranged in the oven.
Further, the aging circuit of the embodiment of the present invention includes at least one aging branch circuit, so as to perform aging on a plurality of aluminum electrolytic capacitors C to be aged simultaneously.
It should be noted that the constant-current constant-voltage power supply CCV in the embodiment of the present invention is a power supply with adjustable voltage, so as to facilitate the operation of the output voltage of the constant-current constant-voltage power supply CCV adjusted in the aging process, and to realize the adjustment of the charging voltage of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor to be aged. In one embodiment of the present invention, rr is taken as a high power resistor of 100-500 Ω. And Rp is a high-power wire-wound resistor of 500-1000 omega. In the aging process, the output voltage value of the constant-current constant-voltage power supply CCV can be manually adjusted, or can be automatically adjusted along with the change of time through program setting, and the switch position of the bidirectional switch can be adjusted along with the time, which is not limited by the invention.
Fig. 3 schematically shows a flowchart of a method for aging an aluminum electrolytic capacitor according to an embodiment of the present invention. As can be seen from fig. 3, the aging method of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor according to the embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
s11, a first aging stage: under the room temperature environment, controlling a charging voltage to be maintained at a first room temperature aging voltage to perform direct charging on the aluminum electrolytic capacitor for a first preset time, and after the direct charging for the first preset time is completed, controlling the charging voltage to be maintained at a first high temperature aging voltage and performing charging and discharging on the aluminum electrolytic capacitor for a second preset time at a first pulse frequency under the high temperature environment, wherein the first room temperature aging voltage is higher than the first high temperature aging voltage;
in the embodiment of the invention, the value of the first room-temperature aging voltage is 93-97% of the rated aging voltage, and the value of the first high-temperature aging voltage is 91-95% of the rated aging voltage, wherein the value of the rated aging voltage is between the rated working voltage of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor and the formation voltage value of the anode aluminum foil of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor. The value range of the first preset time is 1 h-3 h, and the value range of the second preset time is 2 h-4 h. In one embodiment of the present invention, the first room-temperature aging voltage is 95% of the rated aging voltage, the first high-temperature aging voltage is 93% of the rated aging voltage, the first preset time period is 2h, and the second preset time period is 3h.
Further, the step of charging and discharging the aluminum electrolytic capacitor for a second preset time by the first pulse frequency comprises the following steps: controlling the aluminum electrolytic capacitor to work at a duty ratio X: and Y is charged and discharged, wherein X is the charging duration time for completing one charging and discharging pulse period, Y is the discharging duration time for completing one charging and discharging pulse period, the value of X is 3-5 min, and the value of Y is 20-40 s. In one embodiment of the invention, X is taken to be 4min and y is taken to be 30s.
S12, a second aging stage: and under the room temperature environment, controlling the charging voltage to maintain at the rated aging voltage to carry out direct charging on the aluminum electrolytic capacitor for a third preset time, and after the direct charging for the third preset time is finished, controlling the charging voltage to maintain at a second high-temperature aging voltage and carrying out charging and discharging on the aluminum electrolytic capacitor for a fourth preset time at a second pulse frequency under the high-temperature environment, wherein the second high-temperature aging voltage is lower than the rated aging voltage.
In the embodiment of the invention, the value of the second high-temperature aging voltage is 97-99% of the rated aging voltage, and the value range of the third preset time is 1-3 h; the value range of the fourth preset time is 4-6 h. In one embodiment of the present invention, the second high temperature aging voltage is 99% of the rated aging voltage, the third preset time period is 2h, and the fourth preset time period is 5h.
Further, the charging and discharging the aluminum electrolytic capacitor for a fourth preset time period at a second pulse frequency comprises: controlling the aluminum electrolytic capacitor to work at a duty ratio W: and Z is charged and discharged, wherein W is the charging duration time for completing one charging and discharging pulse cycle, Z is the discharging duration time for completing one charging and discharging pulse cycle, the value of W is 3-5 min, and the value of Z is 20-40 s. In one embodiment of the invention, W is 4min and Z is 30s. It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, a value of W of the second preset duty cycle may be the same as or different from a value of X of the first preset duty cycle, and a value of Z of the second preset duty cycle may be the same as or different from a value of Y of the first preset duty cycle, which is not limited to the present invention.
In addition, the high temperature environment in each aging stage of the embodiment of the present invention is generally set to an environment of 85 to 90 ℃, and is generally set to 85 ℃.
Different from the traditional aging method that the capacitor only passes through one aging stage, the embodiment of the invention adopts two aging stages to perform aging circulation on the aluminum electrolytic capacitor, and room temperature and high temperature alternate operation, direct charging and pulse charging and discharging alternate operation are performed in each aging stage, thereby ensuring the quality of the oxide film of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor, inhibiting the return rise of leakage current, ensuring the aging effect and leading the product performance to achieve the best performance. In addition, the embodiment of the invention adopts two aging stages, and the duration of high-temperature aging is divided into two stages, so that the phenomenon that the heat generation amount is too large in the aging process of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor, the internal air pressure is too large, and the phenomena of bulging bottom, bulging plug, explosion and the like of the capacitor are generated is avoided.
Further, the burn-in method according to the embodiment of the present invention further includes a step-up stage before the first burn-in stage is executed. Therefore, the aging method of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor of the embodiment of the invention further comprises the following steps which are not shown in the attached drawings:
s00, a boosting stage: and under the room temperature environment, controlling the charging voltage to be increased to a first room temperature aging voltage in stages so as to directly charge the aluminum electrolytic capacitor.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the controlling the charging voltage to be raised to the first room temperature aging voltage in stages includes: and controlling the charging voltage to increase a first preset voltage every time, and maintaining the current charging voltage within a preset voltage stabilization duration after the first preset voltage is increased every time, wherein the value of the first preset voltage is 1/15-1/5 of the first room temperature aging voltage. Specifically, the value of the first preset voltage is the first room-temperature aging voltage/the expected boosting step number. For example, when the voltage value of the first room-temperature aging voltage is 800V, if the desired number of boosting steps is 8, the value of the first preset voltage at this time is 100V. In actual operation, the specific number of boosting steps may also be determined according to the value of the desired first preset voltage. The present invention is not particularly limited.
The preset voltage stabilization time period ranges from 20min to 50min, wherein a specific embodiment of the invention presets the voltage stabilization time period to 30min.
It should be noted that, a large amount of heat is generated along with the anode aluminum foil repair of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor in the boosting process of the boosting stage, so that the boosting stage of the embodiment of the invention adopts a staged boosting mode, the pressure is maintained for a period of time after each boosting, a buffer time is provided for the aluminum electrolytic capacitor, the anode aluminum foil repair generates a large amount of heat to be dissipated, and the electrolyte flows back sufficiently to ensure the uniformity of the aging process. And the problems that the high-voltage product is heated to aging voltage at one time, the heating is serious, and the drum bottom, the drum plug and the explosion are caused are also avoided.
Further, after the second aging stage is executed, the aging method of the embodiment of the present invention further includes the following steps not shown in the drawings:
s33, room-temperature aging stage: and under the room temperature environment, controlling the charging voltage to be maintained at the second high-temperature aging voltage to perform direct charging on the aluminum electrolytic capacitor for a fifth preset time.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the value range of the fifth preset time period is 0.5h to 3h, and in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the fifth preset time period is 1h.
According to the aging method of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor, disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, a plurality of aging stages in the room temperature environment are adopted, so that a dielectric oxide film damaged by the aluminum electrolytic capacitor is quickly repaired under the action of applied voltage and current, room temperature aging is a buffer time for a product, the aging speed is properly reduced, the oxide film is completely repaired, and the performance of the capacitor is improved.
In addition, the aging method of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor in the embodiment of the invention further comprises a cooling discharge link, namely after the room temperature aging stage is completed, the aluminum electrolytic capacitor is controlled to be cooled and discharged in the room temperature environment. After cooling discharge is completed, the electric parameters of the capacitor are stabilized, and then the aluminum electrolytic capacitor with qualified parameters can be screened out through sorting.
In order to more clearly describe the aging method of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor according to the embodiment of the present invention, fig. 4 schematically shows a corresponding relationship diagram of aging voltage and aging time of an aluminum electrolytic capacitor provided by the embodiment of the present invention, and a specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail with reference to fig. 4:
s01, boosting: under the room temperature environment, controlling the charging voltage to increase a first room temperature aging voltage at intervals of 100V, and keeping the charging voltage once per liter for half an hour, wherein the first room temperature aging voltage is 95% of the rated aging voltage;
s02, aging at room temperature for the first time, and controlling the charging voltage to be maintained at the first room-temperature aging voltage to directly charge the aluminum electrolytic capacitor for 2 hours in a room-temperature environment;
s03, carrying out high-temperature aging for the first time, increasing the temperature of the oven by 85 ℃, controlling the charging voltage to be maintained at 93% of the rated aging voltage, and carrying out charging and discharging on the aluminum electrolytic capacitor for 3 hours at a first pulse frequency (charging for 4min, discharging for 30S);
s04, aging at room temperature for the second time, and controlling the charging voltage to be maintained at the rated aging voltage to directly charge the aluminum electrolytic capacitor for 2 hours in the room temperature environment;
s05, performing high-temperature aging for the second time, namely increasing the temperature of the oven by 85 ℃, controlling the charging voltage to be maintained at 99% of the rated aging voltage, and performing charging and discharging on the aluminum electrolytic capacitor for 5 hours at a second pulse frequency (charging for 4min, discharging for 30S);
and S06, aging at room temperature for the third time, and controlling the charging voltage to be maintained at 99% of the rated aging voltage to directly charge the aluminum electrolytic capacitor for 1h in the room temperature environment.
Step S02 and step S03 constitute a first aging stage, and step S04 and step S05 constitute a second aging stage. Before each aging stage is executed, a corresponding charging voltage adjusting link is also included, that is, the charging voltage is quickly adjusted to the voltage required by the corresponding aging stage, which is not specifically described in the present invention. The embodiment of the invention adopts two high-temperature aging cycles, the first high-temperature aging is finished by 93 percent of aging voltage, and the oxide film is approximately repaired; the second high-temperature aging is to complete the second high-temperature aging of the product subjected to the first aging at a aging voltage of 99 percent, and the oxide film is completely repaired.
The aging of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor provided by the embodiment of the invention is carried out by alternately carrying out direct charging (room temperature stage) and pulse charging and discharging (high temperature stage), and two aging circulation modes are adopted, so that the quality of an oxide film is ensured, the return rise of leakage current is inhibited, the aging effect is ensured, and the product performance is optimal. The pulse aging at the high temperature stage enables the oxide film structure to be more stable in crystal structure, which is important for improving the service life characteristic of the product and reducing leakage current, and meanwhile, the product with poor high temperature resistance is removed, and the efficiency is improved.
For simplicity of explanation, the method embodiments are described as a series of acts or combinations, but those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments are not limited by the order of acts, as some steps may occur in other orders or concurrently in accordance with the embodiments. Further, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments described in the specification are presently preferred and that no particular act is required to implement the invention.
The invention provides a method for aging an aluminum electrolytic capacitor, an aging circuit and the aluminum electrolytic capacitor, wherein a first aging stage and a second aging stage are arranged, and the first aging stage comprises the following steps: after the charging voltage is controlled to be maintained at a first room temperature aging voltage to carry out direct charging on the aluminum electrolytic capacitor for a first preset time, under a high-temperature environment, the charging voltage is controlled to be maintained at a first high temperature aging voltage and the aluminum electrolytic capacitor is charged and discharged for a second preset time at a first pulse frequency; and a second aging stage: and after the charging voltage is controlled to be maintained at the rated aging voltage to carry out direct charging on the aluminum electrolytic capacitor for a third preset time, under a high-temperature environment, the charging voltage is controlled to be maintained at a second high-temperature aging voltage and the aluminum electrolytic capacitor is charged and discharged for a fourth preset time at a second pulse frequency. The invention adopts two aging modes to age the aluminum electrolytic capacitor, can ensure the quality of the oxide film, inhibit the return rise of leakage current, ensure the aging effect and ensure the optimal product performance.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that while some embodiments herein include some features included in other embodiments, rather than others, combinations of features of different embodiments are meant to be within the scope of the invention and form different embodiments. For example, any of the embodiments claimed herein may be used in any combination.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (17)
1. A method for aging an aluminum electrolytic capacitor, the method comprising:
a first aging stage: under the room temperature environment, controlling a charging voltage to be maintained at a first room temperature aging voltage to perform direct charging on the aluminum electrolytic capacitor for a first preset time, and after the direct charging for the first preset time is completed, controlling the charging voltage to be maintained at a first high temperature aging voltage and performing charging and discharging on the aluminum electrolytic capacitor for a second preset time at a first pulse frequency under the high temperature environment, wherein the first room temperature aging voltage is higher than the first high temperature aging voltage;
and a second aging stage: and under the room temperature environment, controlling the charging voltage to be maintained at the rated aging voltage to perform direct charging on the aluminum electrolytic capacitor for a third preset time, and after the direct charging for the third preset time is completed, controlling the charging voltage to be maintained at a second high-temperature aging voltage and performing charging and discharging on the aluminum electrolytic capacitor for a fourth preset time at a second pulse frequency under the high-temperature environment, wherein the second high-temperature aging voltage is lower than the rated aging voltage.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first room-temperature aging voltage is 93% to 97% of the rated aging voltage, the first high-temperature aging voltage is 91% to 95% of the rated aging voltage, and the second high-temperature aging voltage is 97% to 99% of the rated aging voltage.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein prior to the first burn-in stage, the method further comprises:
a boosting stage: and under the room temperature environment, controlling the charging voltage to be increased to the first room temperature aging voltage in stages so as to directly charge the aluminum electrolytic capacitor.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein controlling the charging voltage to increase in stages to the first room temperature burn-in voltage comprises:
and controlling the charging voltage to increase a first preset voltage every time, and maintaining the current charging voltage within a preset voltage stabilization duration after the first preset voltage is increased every time, wherein the value of the first preset voltage is 1/15-1/5 of the first room-temperature aging voltage.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein after the second aging stage, the method further comprises:
room temperature aging stage: and under the room temperature environment, controlling the charging voltage to maintain the second high-temperature aging voltage to directly charge the aluminum electrolytic capacitor for a fifth preset time.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein after the room temperature aging stage, the method further comprises: and controlling the aluminum electrolytic capacitor to cool and discharge under the normal temperature environment.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the charging and discharging the aluminum electrolytic capacitor at the first pulse frequency for a second preset time period comprises: controlling the aluminum electrolytic capacitor to work at a duty ratio X: and Y is charged and discharged, wherein X is the charging duration time for completing one charging and discharging pulse cycle, Y is the discharging duration time for completing one charging and discharging pulse cycle, the value of X is 3-5 min, and the value of Y is 20-40 s.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the charging and discharging the aluminum electrolytic capacitor at the second pulse frequency for a fourth predetermined period of time comprises: controlling the aluminum electrolytic capacitor to work at a duty ratio W: and Z is charged and discharged, wherein W is the charging duration time for completing one charging and discharging pulse cycle, Z is the discharging duration time for completing one charging and discharging pulse cycle, the value of W is 3-5 min, and the value of Z is 20-40 s.
9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the aging voltage rating is between the rated operating voltage of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor and the formation voltage of the anode aluminum foil of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor.
10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
the value range of the first preset time is 1-3 h;
the value range of the second preset time is 2-4 h;
the value range of the third preset time is 1-3 h;
the value range of the fourth preset time is 4-6 h.
11. The aging method according to claim 5, wherein the value of the fifth preset duration ranges from 0.5h to 3h.
12. A aging circuit for implementing the aging method for the aluminum electrolytic capacitor as recited in any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the aging circuit includes a constant voltage constant current power supply, a bidirectional switch, a discharge resistance and a charge resistance,
the charging resistor is connected in series with a plurality of aluminum electrolytic capacitors to be aged which are arranged in parallel to form an aging branch circuit, and the aging branch circuit is connected with the constant-current constant-voltage power supply through a first switch terminal of the bidirectional switch; the discharging resistor is connected with the aging branch circuit through a second switch terminal of the bidirectional switch, when a first switch terminal of the bidirectional switch is closed, the aging branch circuit is connected with the constant-current constant-voltage power supply to realize charging of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor to be aged, when the two switch terminals of the bidirectional switch are closed, the aging branch circuit is connected with the discharging resistor to realize discharging of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor to be aged, and the aging branch circuit is arranged in the oven.
13. The burn-in circuit of claim 12, wherein the burn-in circuit comprises at least one burn-in branch.
14. An aluminum electrolytic capacitor prepared by the aging method for an aluminum electrolytic capacitor according to any one of claims 1 to 11, comprising a cathode aluminum foil, an anode aluminum foil, electrolytic paper, a guide pin and an electrolyte, wherein the electrolytic paper is arranged between the anode aluminum foil and the cathode aluminum foil at intervals, and the guide pin is arranged on each of the anode aluminum foil and the cathode aluminum foil.
15. The aluminum electrolytic capacitor of claim 14,
the formation voltage of the anode aluminum foil is more than 1.4 times of the rated voltage value of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor;
the formation voltage of the cathode aluminum foil is more than 3 VF;
the formation voltage of the guide needle is more than 1.08 times of the rated voltage value of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor.
16. The aluminum electrolytic capacitor of claim 14, wherein the electrolytic paper is a multi-fiber composite electrolytic paper, the thickness of the electrolytic paper is 30 μm to 40 μm, and the density of the electrolytic paper is 0.7g/cm 3 ～0.8g/cm 3 The electrolytic paper is arranged into 2-6 layers.
17. The aluminum electrolytic capacitor of claim 14, wherein the electrolyte is a long carbon chain branched organic ammonium salt of a nanoscale material.
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