CN114447906A - Generator-hybrid energy storage coordination control method in airplane high-voltage direct-current power grid - Google Patents
Generator-hybrid energy storage coordination control method in airplane high-voltage direct-current power grid Download PDFInfo
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- CN114447906A CN114447906A CN202210135865.3A CN202210135865A CN114447906A CN 114447906 A CN114447906 A CN 114447906A CN 202210135865 A CN202210135865 A CN 202210135865A CN 114447906 A CN114447906 A CN 114447906A
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- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011217 control strategy Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000010349 pulsation Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000004870 electrical engineering Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
- H02J1/10—Parallel operation of dc sources
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
- H02J7/0048—Detection of remaining charge capacity or state of charge [SOC]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0068—Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/345—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering using capacitors as storage or buffering devices
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a generator-hybrid energy storage coordination control method in an airplane high-voltage direct-current power grid, and belongs to the technical field of aviation electrical engineering. According to the coordination control method, a virtual impedance droop loop is introduced into a control loop of a generator, a lithium battery and a super capacitor, and output currents of the generator, the lithium battery and the super capacitor are subjected to frequency division; then, compensating and correcting the given voltage value of the bus bar of each loop, and correcting voltage drop caused by droop control; and finally, adjusting the charge states of the lithium battery and the super capacitor by adjusting the voltage compensation parameters, so as to avoid the out-of-limit work of the lithium battery and the super capacitor. The invention solves the problem of power pulsation of the main power supply in the traditional hybrid energy storage control strategy, and the main power supply and the hybrid energy storage are coordinately controlled, so that the output power pulsation of the generator is reduced; the bus bar voltage compensation and the charge state regulation of the energy storage are integrated in a loop, so that the complexity of a control strategy is simplified, and the reliability of the system is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aviation electrical engineering, and particularly relates to a generator-hybrid energy storage coordination control method in an airplane high-voltage direct-current power grid.
Background
With the proposal of multi-electric and all-electric airplane concepts and the development of a high-voltage direct-current power supply system, various airborne electric equipment rapidly rises, and the load has the characteristics of multi-electrification, high power and nonlinearity. The nonlinear load can cause frequent power pulsation to an airplane power grid during switching or normal operation, and the power pulsation can cause large output power pulsation of a generator, serious heating, large voltage fluctuation of a bus bar, reduced power quality and the like, so that safe and reliable operation of the power grid is finally influenced.
Aiming at the problem of power pulsation in a direct-current power grid, a hybrid energy storage system composed of a lithium battery and a super capacitor is generally adopted at present to stabilize the fluctuation of the power grid and maintain the power balance of the system. In the aspect of a control strategy of a hybrid energy storage system, a frequency division control idea is generally adopted, a super capacitor responds to a high-frequency component, and a lithium battery responds to a low-frequency component, so that the advantages of the super capacitor and the lithium battery are fully exerted. Common frequency division control strategies can be divided into two categories: a centralized control strategy based on filters and a distributed control strategy based on droop control. The optimization aspects of the control strategy also comprise cut-off frequency dynamic regulation, energy storage charge state regulation, voltage recovery regulation and the like.
At present, the research on the hybrid energy storage control strategy only considers the control and current distribution between the super capacitor and the lithium battery, the coordination control of the main power supply and the hybrid energy storage is not realized, and although the voltage is stabilized, the output power of the main power supply side still has great fluctuation, so that the stabilization of power pulsation is not really realized. And a plurality of links are required to be introduced for optimizing the control strategy, so that the complexity of the control strategy is increased, and the reliability is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a generator-hybrid energy storage coordination control method in an airplane high-voltage direct-current power grid.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme for solving the technical problems:
a generator-hybrid energy storage coordination control method in an airplane high-voltage direct-current power grid comprises a high-voltage direct-current generator, a hybrid energy storage unit, a 270V direct-current bus bar and a load, wherein the high-voltage direct-current generator is connected with the 270V direct-current bus bar through a filter capacitor, the hybrid energy storage unit is composed of a lithium battery and a super capacitor, the lithium battery and the super capacitor are respectively connected with the 270V direct-current bus bar through corresponding charge and discharge regulators, and the load is directly connected with the 270V direct-current bus bar;
the generator-hybrid energy storage coordination control method belongs to a distributed control method, and is characterized in that coordination control of a voltage regulator of a generator, a lithium battery and a charge-discharge regulator corresponding to a super capacitor is completed by controlling the voltage regulator, the lithium battery and the charge-discharge regulator, and the method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: virtual impedance droop loops are introduced to the front sides of voltage and current loops in the control loops of the generator, the lithium battery and the super capacitor, so that the three loops respond to different frequency bands of load current;
step two: correcting the given values of the bus bar voltage in each control loop of the generator, the lithium battery and the super capacitor, and adding voltage compensation control to avoid bus bar voltage drop caused by droop control;
step three: and (3) monitoring the charge states of the lithium battery and the super capacitor in real time, and adjusting the charge state of the energy storage device to be restored to a normal range by adjusting the parameters of the voltage compensation control in the step two when the charge states of the lithium battery and the super capacitor exceed a normal working range, so that the lithium battery and the super capacitor are prevented from working beyond the limit.
Preferably, the first step includes introducing a virtual inductor at the generator side, introducing a virtual resistor at the lithium battery side, and introducing a virtual capacitor and a resistor in parallel at the super capacitor side, so that the output currents of the generator, the lithium battery and the super capacitor and the load current have the following relations: the generator responds to low-frequency components of the load current and has a frequency response range of 0, omega1](ii) a The lithium battery responds to the intermediate frequency component of the load current, and the frequency response range is [ omega ]1，ω1](ii) a The super capacitor responds to the high-frequency component of the load current and has a frequency response range of [ omega ]2，+∞]Wherein, ω is1And ω2Frequency division points between the current of the generator and the current of the lithium battery and between the current of the lithium battery and the current of the super capacitor are respectively set; omega is reasonably set by combining the requirements of working frequency bands of a generator, a lithium battery and a super capacitor1And ω2And calculating the virtual impedance value in the droop control loop corresponding to each source.
Preferably, the second step includes collecting a 270V dc bus bar real-time voltage value VBusWith a given value v of voltagerefMaking difference, obtaining delta v by proportional-integral regulation, and making delta v and vrefAdding to obtain the voltage set value v of a new control loop* refAnd the compensation of voltage drop caused by droop control in each control loop of a generator, a lithium battery and a super capacitor is realized.
Preferably, in the second step, in a normal operating state, the proportional-integral adjustment parameters of the voltage compensation in each control loop take the same value.
Preferably, the third step includes setting the integral parameter k in proportional-integral adjustment of voltage compensation in the control loop of the lithium battery and the super capacitor when the state of charge of the lithium battery and the super capacitor exceeds the normal working range* iAnd integral parameter k under normal working stateiAnd the rate of change of the state of charge is
Wherein alpha is1、α2Is constant, SOC is state of charge, SOCminAnd SOCmaxRespectively the minimum and maximum values of the SOC.
Compared with the prior art, the invention adopting the technical scheme has the following technical effects:
the method comprises the steps of firstly, introducing a virtual impedance droop loop into a control loop of a generator, a lithium battery and a super capacitor, and dividing the frequency of output currents of the generator, the lithium battery and the super capacitor; then, compensating and correcting the given voltage value of the bus bar of each loop, and correcting voltage drop caused by droop control; and finally, adjusting the charge states of the lithium battery and the super capacitor by adjusting the voltage compensation parameters, so as to avoid the out-of-limit work of the lithium battery and the super capacitor. According to the invention, virtual impedance is introduced into the generator, the lithium battery and the super capacitor control loop, so that the problem of power pulsation of a main power supply in the traditional hybrid energy storage control strategy is solved, the main power supply and the hybrid energy storage are coordinately controlled, and the output power pulsation of the generator is reduced; and the compensation control of the bus bar voltage and the out-of-limit control of the energy storage charge state are integrated in a loop, so that the control strategy is simplified, and the reliability of the system is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a system according to the first embodiment
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of system control according to the first embodiment
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of energy storage state of charge adjustment according to the first embodiment
FIG. 4 is a diagram of the frequency-divided current waveforms of the generator, the lithium battery and the super capacitor according to a simulation result of the embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a waveform illustrating bus voltage regulation according to a simulation result of an embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a diagram of a state of charge adjustment waveform for a super capacitor according to a simulation result of an embodiment.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the drawings and examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Example one
The embodiment provides a generator-hybrid energy storage coordination control method in an airplane high-voltage direct-current power grid. As shown in fig. 1, the aircraft high-voltage direct-current power grid includes a high-voltage direct-current generator, a hybrid energy storage unit, a 270V dc bus bar, and a load, wherein the high-voltage direct-current generator is connected to the 270V dc bus bar via a filter capacitor, the hybrid energy storage unit is composed of a lithium battery and a super capacitor, the lithium battery and the super capacitor are respectively connected to the 270V dc bus bar via corresponding charge-discharge regulators, and the load is directly connected to the 270V dc bus bar. In this embodiment, the energy storage charging and discharging regulator adopts a Buck-Boost-based bidirectional DC/DC converter.
The generator-hybrid energy storage coordination control method belongs to a distributed control method, and coordination control of a voltage regulator of a generator, a lithium battery and a charge-discharge regulator corresponding to a super capacitor is completed. The method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: virtual impedance droop loops are introduced to the front sides of voltage and current loops in the control loops of the generator, the lithium battery and the super capacitor, so that the three loops respond to different frequency bands of load current;
step two: correcting the given values of the bus bar voltage in each control loop of the generator, the lithium battery and the super capacitor, and adding voltage compensation control to avoid bus bar voltage drop caused by droop control;
step three: and (3) monitoring the charge states of the lithium battery and the super capacitor in real time, and adjusting the charge state of the energy storage device to be restored to a normal range by adjusting the voltage compensation parameter in the step two when the charge states of the lithium battery and the super capacitor exceed a normal working range, so that the lithium battery and the super capacitor are prevented from working beyond the limit.
As shown in FIG. 2, a virtual inductor L is introduced to the front side of the voltage current loop of the generator control loopGIntroducing a virtual resistor R at the lithium battery sideBIntroducing a virtual capacitor C at the super capacitor sideSCAnd a virtual resistance RSCParallel connection RSC//CSCAfter the designed virtual impedance is introduced, the generator,The relationship between the output current and the load current of the lithium battery and the super capacitor is
Wherein ioGIs the output current, i, of the generatoroBAnd ioSCThe output current i is the output current of the lithium battery and the super capacitor after being connected with a charge-discharge regulatorLoadIs the load current and s is the differential operator.
The three formulas can be further simplified into the following steps:
wherein, ω is1And omega2The frequency division points are respectively between the current of the generator and the current of the lithium battery and between the current of the lithium battery and the current of the super capacitor. According to the three formulas, the generator responds to the low-frequency component of the load current, the lithium battery responds to the medium-frequency component of the load current, and the super capacitor responds to the high-frequency component of the load current. By combining the requirements of the working frequency bands of the generator, the lithium battery and the super capacitor and setting reasonable omega1And ω2Can calculate the corresponding droop control of each sourceAnd making a virtual impedance value in the loop.
Further, in the second step, the bus bar voltage compensation specifically includes: collecting 270V direct current bus bar real-time voltage value VBusWith a given value v of voltagerefMaking difference, obtaining delta v by proportional-integral regulation, and making delta y and vrefAdding to obtain the voltage set value v of a new control loop* refAnd the compensation of voltage drop caused by droop control in each control loop of the generator, the lithium battery and the super capacitor is realized.
Furthermore, under the normal working state, the proportional-integral regulating parameters of the voltage compensation in each control loop take the same value.
Further, in this embodiment, the normal operating range of the state of charge of the lithium battery is set to be 25% to 75%, and the normal operating range of the state of charge of the super capacitor is set to be 15% to 85%. The principle for adjusting the state of charge of lithium batteries and super capacitors is shown in the following formula
Wherein, IoGFor steady-state value, I, of generator output currentoBAnd IoSCRespectively connecting the lithium battery and the super capacitor with a charge-discharge regulator to output a steady-state value of current, ILoadFor steady-state value of load current, Δ VGBThe difference, DeltaV, between the voltages at the generator and the lithium battery terminals connected to the charge-discharge regulatorGSThe difference between the voltages of the output ends of the generator and the super capacitor and the converter is calculated.
According to the above formula, when the difference between the voltages at the generator and the hybrid energy storage terminal is changed, the generator can be made to charge the energy storage device or the energy storage device can be made to discharge to bear the output current of the generator. Therefore, in the second embodiment, the voltage compensation parameters are set to be consistent in the normal operating state in step two, so that Δ V is obtainedGBAnd Δ VGSAre all 0.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the energy storage state-of-charge adjustment provided by the present invention, when the states of charge of the lithium battery and the super capacitor are out of the normal working rangeBy varying the integral parameter k in proportional-integral regulation of its voltage compensationiAnd the terminal voltage generates a terminal voltage difference value in the adjusting process, so that the terminal voltage is charged and discharged and finally returns to the normal working range. Adjusted integral parameter k* iThe relationship between the integral parameter ki and the change rate of the state of charge under the normal working state is
Wherein alpha is1、α2Is constant, SOC is state of charge, SOCminAnd SOCmaxRespectively the minimum and maximum values of the SOC.
As shown in fig. 4-6, which are schematic diagrams of simulation results provided by the present invention, it can be seen from the diagrams that in this embodiment, the generator, the lithium battery, and the super capacitor realize frequency division response of load current, the 270V dc bus bar voltage ripple is basically within 2V, voltage compensation is realized, and the energy storage state of charge is timely recovered when exceeding a normal range (taking the super capacitor as an example), so as to verify the effectiveness of the coordinated control method of the present invention.
The above description is only one embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (5)
1. A generator-hybrid energy storage coordination control method in an airplane high-voltage direct-current power grid comprises a high-voltage direct-current generator, a hybrid energy storage unit, a 270V direct-current bus bar and a load, wherein the high-voltage direct-current generator is connected with the 270V direct-current bus bar through a filter capacitor, the hybrid energy storage unit is composed of a lithium battery and a super capacitor, the lithium battery and the super capacitor are respectively connected with the 270V direct-current bus bar through corresponding charge and discharge regulators, and the load is directly connected with the 270V direct-current bus bar;
the generator-hybrid energy storage coordination control method belongs to a distributed control method, and is characterized in that coordination control of a voltage regulator of a generator, a lithium battery and a charge-discharge regulator corresponding to a super capacitor is completed by controlling the voltage regulator, the lithium battery and the charge-discharge regulator, and the method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: virtual impedance droop loops are introduced to the front sides of voltage and current loops in the control loops of the generator, the lithium battery and the super capacitor, so that the three circuits respond to different frequency bands of load current;
step two: correcting the given values of the bus bar voltage in each control loop of the generator, the lithium battery and the super capacitor, and adding voltage compensation control to avoid bus bar voltage drop caused by droop control;
step three: and (3) monitoring the charge states of the lithium battery and the super capacitor in real time, and adjusting the charge state of the energy storage device to be restored to a normal range by adjusting the parameters of the voltage compensation control in the step two when the charge states of the lithium battery and the super capacitor exceed a normal working range, so that the lithium battery and the super capacitor are prevented from working beyond the limit.
2. The coordination control method for the generator and the hybrid energy storage in the airplane high-voltage direct-current power grid according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the first step comprises the steps that a virtual inductor is introduced to the side of the generator, a virtual resistor is introduced to the side of the lithium battery, and a virtual capacitor and a resistor are introduced to the side of the super capacitor and connected in parallel, so that the output currents of the generator, the lithium battery and the super capacitor and the load current have the following relations: the generator responds to the low-frequency component of the load current and has a frequency response range of 0, omega1](ii) a The lithium battery responds to the intermediate frequency component of the load current, and the frequency response range is [ omega ]1，ω1](ii) a The super capacitor responds to the high-frequency component of the load current and has a frequency response range of [ omega ]2，+∞]Wherein, ω is1And omega2Frequency division points between the current of the generator and the current of the lithium battery and between the current of the lithium battery and the current of the super capacitor are respectively set; omega is reasonably set by combining the requirements of working frequency bands of a generator, a lithium battery and a super capacitor1And ω2And calculating the virtual impedance value in the droop control loop corresponding to each source.
3. The coordination control method for the generator and the hybrid energy storage in the airplane high-voltage direct-current power grid according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the second step comprises collecting a 270V DC bus bar real-time voltage value VBusWith a given value v of voltagerefMaking difference, obtaining delta v by proportional-integral regulation, and making delta v and vrefAdding to obtain the voltage set value v of a new control loop* refAnd the compensation of voltage drop caused by droop control in each control loop of the generator, the lithium battery and the super capacitor is realized.
4. The coordinated control method for the generator-hybrid energy storage in the airplane high-voltage direct current power grid according to claim 1 or 3 is characterized in that: in the second step, under the normal working state, the proportional-integral adjusting parameters of the voltage compensation in each control loop take the same value.
5. The coordination control method for the generator and the hybrid energy storage in the airplane high-voltage direct-current power grid according to claim 1 is characterized in that: setting an integral parameter k in proportional-integral regulation of voltage compensation in a control loop when the charge states of the lithium battery and the super capacitor exceed the normal working range* iAnd integral parameter k under normal working stateiAnd the rate of change of the state of charge is
Wherein alpha is1、α2Is constant, SOC is state of charge, SOCminAnd SOCmaxRespectively the minimum and maximum values of the SOC.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115117870A (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2022-09-27 | 华中科技大学 | Droop control method, device and equipment for energy storage unit and storage medium |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115117870A (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2022-09-27 | 华中科技大学 | Droop control method, device and equipment for energy storage unit and storage medium |
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