CN115268161B - System and method for realizing phase regeneration with low power consumption - Google Patents

System and method for realizing phase regeneration with low power consumption Download PDF

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CN115268161B
CN115268161B CN202110484557.7A CN202110484557A CN115268161B CN 115268161 B CN115268161 B CN 115268161B CN 202110484557 A CN202110484557 A CN 202110484557A CN 115268161 B CN115268161 B CN 115268161B
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CN115268161A (en
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徐竞
何诗琪
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Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/35—Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/353—Frequency conversion, i.e. wherein a light beam is generated with frequency components different from those of the incident light beams
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/35—Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/353—Frequency conversion, i.e. wherein a light beam is generated with frequency components different from those of the incident light beams
    • G02F1/3536—Four-wave interaction
    • G02F1/3538—Four-wave interaction for optical phase conjugation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/35—Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/355—Non-linear optics characterised by the materials used
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Abstract

The invention provides a low-power-consumption phase regeneration system and a method, which belong to the field of phase regeneration, wherein the system comprises; the first micro-ring resonator, the second micro-ring resonator, the first waveguide and the second waveguide; the first micro-ring resonant cavity and the first waveguide are in a critical coupling state; the radius of the first micro-ring resonant cavity is an integer multiple of the radius of the second micro-ring resonant cavity; the first micro-ring resonant cavity is used for resonating pump light and signal light, and idler frequency light is generated at the signal light wavelength under the four-wave mixing effect; the idler frequency light and the signal light generate coherent interference, so that the wavelength of the phase regeneration pump light is the wavelength corresponding to the resonance peak of the first micro-ring resonant cavity and is not the wavelength corresponding to the resonance peak of the second micro-ring resonant cavity; the wavelength of the signal light is the wavelength corresponding to the resonance peak of the coupling of the first micro-ring resonant cavity and the second micro-ring resonant cavity. The invention ensures the modulation rate of the signal light and the conversion efficiency of the idler frequency light, realizes the phase regeneration function and obviously reduces the power consumption.

Description

System and method for realizing phase regeneration with low power consumption
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of phase regeneration, and particularly relates to a system and a method for realizing phase regeneration with low power consumption.
Background
With the development of communication systems, the requirements on the capacity of data are larger and larger, and more researchers turn eyes to phase modulation, so that the data can carry amplitude information and phase information at the same time when in transmission. However, a consequent technical limitation is that nonlinear noise generated during transmission can limit the quality of communication. Nonlinear noise in the phase modulation process can be well eliminated by using a phase regeneration technology, and amplitude information and phase information can be regenerated simultaneously through a phase sensitive amplifier. The existing phase regeneration technology mostly utilizes four-wave mixing to generate harmonic waves, and then carries out coherent superposition on the harmonic waves and signal light to realize regeneration, which requires that the amplitudes of the harmonic waves and the signal light are relatively close to each other so as to realize a relatively good phase regeneration effect.
The four-wave mixing effect of the high nonlinear optical fiber is used for realizing phase regeneration, and a large step is spanned for the practical application of phase sensitive amplification. Two pump light beams and signal light beams with locked phases are injected into a high nonlinear optical fiber, and four-wave mixing effect can occur in the optical fiber to generate idler frequency light related to the phases of the pump light beams and the signal light beams. The idler frequency light and the signal light are coherently overlapped to realize the phase sensitive amplifying effect, and the principle is shown in figure 1. However, this method requires high power and requires a long optical fiber, and is not suitable for integration.
The photonic crystal waveguide is adopted to realize the phase regeneration, the miniaturization is realized on the device, and the principle is that the four-wave mixing technology degenerated by pumping is utilized, as shown in figure 2. However, this structure has two-photon absorption and free carrier absorption, and the peak gain of the regenerated signal is small although a good extinction ratio can be achieved.
The reverse bias p-i-n junction is used on the silicon waveguide, so that free carrier absorption of the silicon waveguide can be effectively reduced, and the four-wave mixing efficiency is improved. However, the waveguide structure of the method is complex, and the method needs to additionally apply electric bias voltage, so that the power consumption is high.
By adopting the SiGe waveguide and utilizing two beams of pumping light with different polarization to carry out four-wave mixing, the phase regeneration can also be realized, and the principle is shown in figure 3. However, this solution requires strict control of the polarization state of incident light, and is relatively complex to implement and not practical.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a system and a method for realizing phase regeneration with low power consumption, which aim to solve the problem of larger power consumption of the existing phase regeneration realizing method.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a low power consumption phase regeneration system, comprising: the first micro-ring resonator, the second micro-ring resonator, the first waveguide and the second waveguide;
the first micro-ring resonant cavity and the first waveguide are in a critical coupling state, and the coupling coefficient is a first coupling coefficient; the first micro-ring resonant cavity is coupled with the second micro-ring resonant cavity, the coupling coefficient is a second coupling coefficient, and the mode part corresponding to the resonance peak at the coupling wavelength is split; the second micro-ring resonant cavity is coupled with the second waveguide, the coupling coefficient is a third coupling coefficient, and the output bandwidth obtained by coupling is larger than the bandwidth of a transmission signal; the third coupling coefficient is slightly larger than the second coupling coefficient; the radius of the first micro-ring resonant cavity is an integer multiple of the radius of the second micro-ring resonant cavity;
the first waveguide is used for inputting two beams of pump light; the second waveguide is used for inputting signal light and adjusting the magnitude of a third coupling coefficient; the first micro-ring resonant cavity is used for resonating pump light and signal light, and idler frequency light is generated at the signal light wavelength under the four-wave mixing effect; the idler frequency light and the signal light are subjected to coherent interference, so that phase regeneration is realized; the second micro-ring resonant cavity is used for resonating signal light;
wherein, the wavelength of the two pump light beams is symmetrical with respect to the wavelength of the signal light; the wavelength of the pump light is the wavelength corresponding to the resonance peak of the first micro-ring resonant cavity and is not the wavelength corresponding to the resonance peak of the second micro-ring resonant cavity; the wavelength of the signal light is the wavelength corresponding to the resonance peak of the coupling of the first micro-ring resonant cavity and the second micro-ring resonant cavity.
Preferably, the materials of the first micro-ring resonant cavity and the second micro-ring resonant cavity are three-order nonlinear materials.
Preferably, the coupling strength value between the first micro-ring resonator and the second micro-ring resonator is greater than one fourth of the difference between the first loss and the second loss, which is a condition for realizing mode splitting of a resonance peak at a coupling wavelength of the first micro-ring resonator and the second micro-ring resonator;
the first loss is the total loss of the intrinsic loss of the second micro-ring resonant cavity and the coupling loss introduced by the second waveguide;
the second loss is the total loss of the intrinsic loss of the first micro-ring resonator and the coupling loss introduced by the first waveguide.
Preferably, the method for acquiring the critical coupling state between the first micro-ring resonant cavity and the first waveguide comprises the following steps:
and adjusting the first coupling coefficient by adjusting the distance between the first waveguide and the first micro-ring resonant cavity, so that the coupling loss introduced by the first waveguide is equal to other residual losses.
On the other hand, the invention provides a corresponding phase regeneration method based on the low-power-consumption phase regeneration system, which comprises the following steps:
inputting two beams of pump light into the first micro-ring resonant cavity for resonance enhancement, and improving the power in the first micro-ring resonant cavity;
inputting signal light at the second waveguide end, wherein the signal light oscillates in the first micro-ring resonant cavity and the second micro-ring resonant cavity;
based on the phase matching condition of four-wave mixing, the pump light and the signal light generate nonlinear action in the first micro-ring resonant cavity, and idler frequency light is generated at the signal light wavelength;
the idler frequency light and the signal light are subjected to coherent superposition, when the interference of the idler frequency light and the signal light is constructive, the signal light is amplified, and when the interference of the idler frequency light and the signal light is destructive, the signal light is weakened, so that phase regeneration is realized;
the first micro-ring resonant cavity and the first waveguide are in a critical coupling state, and the mode part corresponding to the resonance peak at the coupling wavelength of the first micro-ring resonant cavity and the second micro-ring resonant cavity is split; the third coupling coefficient is slightly larger than the second coupling coefficient; the radius of the first micro-ring resonant cavity is an integer multiple of the radius of the second micro-ring resonant cavity;
the wavelengths of the two beams of pump light are symmetrical with respect to the wavelength of the signal light; the wavelength of the pump light is the wavelength corresponding to the resonance peak of the first micro-ring resonant cavity and is not the wavelength corresponding to the resonance peak of the second micro-ring resonant cavity; the wavelength of the signal light is the wavelength corresponding to the resonance peak of the coupling of the first micro-ring resonant cavity and the second micro-ring resonant cavity.
Preferably, the mode splitting method for generating the resonance peak at the coupling wavelength of the first micro-ring resonant cavity and the second micro-ring resonant cavity is as follows: making the coupling strength value between the first micro-ring resonant cavity and the second micro-ring resonant cavity be more than one fourth of the difference value between the first loss and the second loss;
the first loss is the total loss of the intrinsic loss of the second micro-ring resonant cavity and the coupling loss introduced by the second waveguide;
the second loss is the total loss of the intrinsic loss of the first micro-ring resonator and the coupling loss introduced by the first waveguide.
Preferably, the method for obtaining the critical coupling state between the first micro-ring resonant cavity and the first waveguide comprises the following steps:
and adjusting a first coupling coefficient by adjusting the distance between the first waveguide and the first micro-ring resonant cavity, so that the coupling loss introduced by the first waveguide is equal to other residual losses.
In general, the above technical solutions conceived by the present invention have the following compared with the prior art
The beneficial effects are that:
the input pump light wavelength provided by the invention can generate resonance in the first micro-ring resonant cavity, but cannot resonate in the second resonant cavity; the wavelength of the input signal light can resonate in the first resonant cavity and the second resonant cavity. At this time, because the coupling coefficients of the waveguides coupled with the two micro-rings are different, and the pump light and the signal light are respectively input from the two waveguides, the pump light and the signal light can be separated, extremely strong enhancement effect is ensured for the pump light, and extremely large bandwidth and the strongest enhancement effect under the bandwidth are ensured for the signal light. Therefore, the modulation rate of the signal light and the conversion efficiency of the idler frequency light can be ensured, the phase regeneration function is realized, and the power consumption is obviously reduced.
The invention is based on the coupled structure of the two micro-ring resonant cavities, the micro-ring resonant cavity structure is smaller (the general radius is within 200 um), and compared with the high nonlinear optical fiber structure (the general length is above hundred meters), the micro-ring resonant cavity structure can be better integrated on a chip.
The first micro-ring resonant cavity and the second micro-ring resonant cavity are made of third-order nonlinear materials, the material loss is relatively low, and the power consumption can be reduced.
The method for generating mode splitting of the resonance peak at the coupling wavelength of the first micro-ring resonant cavity and the second micro-ring resonant cavity comprises the following steps: making the coupling strength value between the first micro-ring resonant cavity and the second micro-ring resonant cavity be more than one fourth of the difference between the first loss and the second loss; the coupling strength value is set as the position of the resonance peak which is just split, but the resonance peak is not completely split; the phase regeneration function can be better realized and used for actual signal transmission when the two resonance peaks are in the above states.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a highly nonlinear optical fiber provided in the prior art for achieving phase regeneration;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a prior art implementation of phase regeneration using photonic crystal waveguide degenerate four-wave mixing;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a prior art pump utilizing different polarization directions to achieve phase regeneration;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a coupling structure of two waveguides of two micro-ring resonators according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an enhanced spectrum of energy resonance for pump light and signal light within a first micro-ring resonator provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 shows the phase regenerating effect of the phase structure of the two micro-ring resonators and the two waveguide coupling structures provided in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The invention adopts two different micro-ring resonant cavities to couple with each other, and adopts two waveguides to couple the two resonant cavities respectively; the effect brought by mutual coupling of micro-ring resonant cavities and coupling of different waveguides to each micro-ring resonant cavity is utilized, so that the system can improve the conversion efficiency of idler frequency light under lower power consumption, and better phase regeneration effect is obtained. The method can solve the problems that the existing phase regeneration method is difficult to integrate and has larger power consumption, can realize low power consumption and large bandwidth, and is more suitable for actual communication scenes, so that the whole system has higher cost performance, smaller size and larger application range.
The low-power-consumption phase regeneration system provided by the invention has the following characteristics: (1) The first micro-ring resonator and the second micro-ring resonator are different in size, and the perimeter of the first micro-ring resonator can be set to be an integer multiple of the perimeter of the second micro-ring resonator; meanwhile, the lower the loss of the two micro-ring resonant cavities is, the better; (2) When the second waveguide is coupled with the second micro-ring resonant cavity, the final output bandwidth is ensured to be larger than the expected input signal bandwidth, (the input signal is signal light, and the output signal is light obtained by interference superposition of the signal light and idler frequency light), so that the input signal can smoothly pass through; (3) The coupling between the first micro-ring resonant cavity and the second micro-ring resonant cavity ensures that the resonance peak at the coupling position of the two rings generates slight mode splitting; to achieve this effect, the coupling strength between the first micro-ring resonator and the second micro-ring resonator needs to be slightly greater than one fourth of the sum of the intrinsic loss of the second micro-ring resonator, the coupling loss caused by the second waveguide, the intrinsic loss of the first micro-ring resonator, and the coupling loss caused by the first waveguide; for example, the coupling strength between the first micro-ring resonator and the second micro-ring resonator may be 1.1 times the difference between the first loss and the second loss by a factor of four; the first loss is the total loss of the intrinsic loss of the second micro-ring resonant cavity and the coupling loss introduced by the second waveguide; the second loss is the total loss of the intrinsic loss of the first micro-ring resonator and the coupling loss introduced by the first waveguide. (4) The coupling between the first waveguide and the first resonant cavity is ensured to reach critical coupling; by regulating the coupling strength of the first waveguide and the first resonant cavity, the coupling loss brought by the first waveguide is approximately equal to the other overall losses of the system, and at the moment, critical coupling can be achieved, so that the input light of the first waveguide is basically extinction at the output port of the first waveguide.
As an embodiment of the invention, the first coupling coefficient is much smaller than the second coupling coefficient and the third coupling coefficient, the third coupling coefficient being larger than the second coupling coefficient; the first coupling coefficient refers to the coupling coefficient between the first waveguide and the first micro-ring resonant cavity, the second coupling coefficient refers to the coupling coefficient between the first micro-ring resonant cavity and the second micro-ring resonant cavity, and the third coupling coefficient refers to the coupling coefficient between the second waveguide and the second micro-ring resonant cavity.
The low-power-consumption phase regeneration system provided by the invention can be prepared according to the following method:
(1) Determining the bandwidth of the converted signal light, for example, the bandwidth may be set to 12GHz;
(2) The coupling coefficient is determined, for example, the coupling coefficient may be set as: the first coupling coefficient is 0.1341, the second coupling coefficient is 0.27, and the third coupling coefficient is 0.58;
(3) And coupling the two first micro-ring resonant cavities and the second micro-ring resonant cavities with different sizes with the first waveguide and the second waveguide respectively, thereby forming a double-resonant-cavity double-waveguide structure.
According to the low-power-consumption phase regeneration system provided by the method, two beams of pump light which can resonate in the first resonant cavity are input from one side of the first waveguide coupled with the first micro-ring resonant cavity, the wavelength of the pump light is the wavelength which does not correspond to the resonance peak of the first micro-ring resonant cavity coupled with the second micro-ring resonant cavity, and the pump light is symmetrical about the wavelength of the signal light; the wavelength of the signal light is the wavelength of the coupling of the first micro-ring resonant cavity and the second micro-ring resonant cavity; because the two micro-ring resonant cavities are different in size, the pump light can only resonate in the first micro-ring resonant cavity, and because critical coupling is achieved between the first waveguide and the first micro-ring resonant cavity, the pump light is completely coupled into the first micro-ring resonant cavity, and the first resonant cavity is greatly enhanced in resonance, so that the power level in the first micro-ring resonant cavity is high, and the four-wave mixing efficiency is high;
meanwhile, inputting signal light which can resonate in the first micro-ring resonant cavity and the second micro-ring resonant cavity at the same time on the same side of a second waveguide coupled with the second micro-ring resonant cavity; because of the coupling of the first micro-ring resonant cavity and the second micro-ring resonant cavity, a resonance peak of mutual coupling exists between the first micro-ring resonant cavity and the second micro-ring resonant cavity, and the wavelength corresponding to the coupling resonance peak between two beams of pumping light is selected as the wavelength of the signal light, so that the signal light can resonate in the two resonant cavities. Because the third coupling coefficient is larger, the resonance peak where the signal light is located has a bandwidth far greater than the resonance peak where the pump light is located. Furthermore, because the signal light energy resonates in the first micro-ring resonator, the pump light and the signal light coexist in the first micro-ring resonator, and the four-wave mixing efficiency is high due to the high power level of the large resonance, and the idler light power generated thereby is high.
According to the phase matching condition of four-wave mixing, under the arrangement mode of the pump light and the signal light, idler frequency light is generated at the wavelength of the signal light, carries phase information related to the signal light and the pump light, and is coherently overlapped with the signal light. When the idler frequency light and the signal light meet the interference phase long condition, the signal light is amplified; when the idler light and the signal light satisfy interference cancellation conditions, the signal light is attenuated. Therefore, the low-power-consumption phase regeneration system provided by the invention has the phase sensitive amplification characteristic, and can realize the phase regeneration function. Meanwhile, due to the improvement of idler light conversion efficiency, the idler light equivalent to the signal light amplitude can be obtained under smaller power consumption, so that the contrast of light interference is better, and a better phase gain extinction ratio is achieved.
The low-power-consumption phase regeneration system provided by the invention can realize better phase regeneration effect and is very convenient to design.
In order to further illustrate the advantages of the low-power-consumption phase regeneration system provided by the invention, the phase regeneration system is compared and analyzed with the prior art:
(1) Compared with a high-nonlinearity optical fiber system, the low-power-consumption phase regeneration system comprises a double-resonant cavity double-waveguide structure, and the resonance enhancement effect of the micro-ring resonant cavity is many times greater than that of the high-nonlinearity optical fiber system, so that the required material length is greatly reduced, and the structure is more suitable for integration and miniaturization.
(2) Compared with a waveguide structure, the low-power-consumption phase regeneration system provided by the invention utilizes the resonance enhancement function of the micro-ring resonant cavity, can obviously reduce power consumption, increase peak gain and improve the phase gain extinction ratio.
(3) The invention can solve the contradiction between gain and bandwidth, can obtain the high gain of the pump light and the large bandwidth of the signal light at the same time, and is more suitable for practical communication scenes.
As shown in fig. 5, two micro-ring resonators having very low loss coefficients and different radii are used to couple to each other. According to the micro-ring resonance condition, when the wavelength of incident light meets the following condition
Figure GDA0004164197740000081
When input light resonates within the microring resonator. Wherein m is the resonant order; n is n eff Is the effective refractive index of the material; l is the length of the micro-ring resonant cavity; the circumferences of the two micro-ring resonators in FIG. 4 are L respectively 1 ，L 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the By selecting materials and the radius of the micro-ring, an aligned resonance peak is arranged between the two micro-ring resonant cavities, so that the circumference of the first micro-ring resonant cavity is required to be an integral multiple of that of the second micro-ring resonant cavity, and the wavelength corresponding to the aligned resonance peak can reach a resonance state in the double ring at the same time.
Generally, two micro-ring resonant cavities with the same materials and different radiuses can be selected. For example using n eff Material=1.9, L 1 ＝1600um，L 2 Two rings of 800um at 1550.8nm are the resonant wavelengths of the two micro-ring resonators. Because of the different radii of the two microring resonators, there are some misaligned resonant peaks in the Free Spectral Range (FSR) at which the two microring resonators are not coupled and have minimal interaction, as shown by the two resonant peaks on the left and right of FIG. 5. Meanwhile, the circumferences of the two rings have a multiple relationship, so that the resonance peaks of the two rings are overlapped at regular intervals, and at the moment, the two micro-ring resonant cavities are in a coupling state, and the resonance peaks at the alignment positions have a large bandwidth due to the coupling effect, as shown by the resonance peaks in the middle of fig. 5.
The phase regeneration function is realized by using a double resonant cavity double waveguide structure, and the principle is shown in figure 1. By degenerate four-wave mixing (FWM), two beams of frequency omega p1 And omega p2 Is used for transmitting energy to the strong pump light with the frequency omega s The frequency of the signal light is located in the middle of the frequencies of the two pump light beams. The frequency of the three beams of light meets 2 omega s ＝ω p1 +ω p2 The phases are respectively
Figure GDA0004164197740000082
When three beams exist in the waveguide at the same time, due to the energy conservation effect and the momentum conservation effect, idler light is generated at the frequency of the signal light, and the phase of the idler light meets +.>
Figure GDA0004164197740000083
The idler light and the signal light will be coherently superimposed. When the phase difference between the signal light and the idler light meets the interference phase long condition, the signal light is amplified; when the phase difference satisfies the interference cancellation condition, the signal light is attenuated;the above-mentioned process is a phase-sensitive parametric amplification process, based on which a phase regeneration function is realized.
In the invention, the side coupling is performed through the waveguide and the micro-ring resonant cavity, and the specific steps are as follows: the first waveguide coupled with the first micro-ring resonant cavity inputs two beams of pump light, the wavelength of the two beams of pump light corresponds to the resonance peaks at the left side and the right side in the graph 5, the two micro-ring resonant cavities are not coupled at the wavelength, the coupling between the first waveguide and the first micro-ring resonant cavity is regulated to enable the first waveguide and the first micro-ring resonant cavity to be in a critical coupling state, and the pump light is greatly enhanced in the first micro-ring resonant cavity; and simultaneously, signal light is input to the same side of the second waveguide, the wavelength of the signal light corresponds to the middle resonance peak in fig. 5, and resonance occurs in the two micro-ring resonant cavities. It should be noted here that the FSR of the plurality of first micro-ring resonators may be spaced as long as it is satisfied that the signal light wavelength corresponds to the coupled resonance peak wavelength, the pump light wavelength is symmetrical with respect to the signal light wavelength and corresponds to the uncoupled resonance peak wavelength.
The coupling coefficient of the first waveguide and the first micro-ring resonant cavity is k 1 The transmission coefficient is r 1 The coupling coefficient between the first micro-ring resonant cavity and the second micro-ring resonant cavity is k 2 The transmission coefficient is r 2 The coupling coefficient between the second micro-ring resonant cavity and the second waveguide is k 3 The transmission coefficient is r 3 . The first micro-ring resonant cavity has a ring pass coefficient of a 1 The second resonant cavity has a loop transmission coefficient of a 2 The loop transmission coefficient of the micro-ring resonator determines the magnitude of its own loss a=exp (- βl2), where β is the optical field transmission loss coefficient in the micro-ring resonator, including bending loss, scattering loss, and so on. The loop transmission coefficient a of the micro-ring resonant cavity is related to the cavity length of the micro-ring resonant cavity and the optical field transmission loss coefficient beta.
In the phase regeneration process, the closer the amplitude of the idler frequency light and the signal light generated by four-wave mixing is, the better the extinction ratio is when the signal light and the idler frequency light interfere, namely, the larger the difference value between the maximum gain and the minimum gain of the signal light is, the better the phase regeneration effect is. To achieve such an effect, it is generally necessary to increase the conversion efficiency by increasing the pump power. Of micro-ring systemsWavelength conversion efficiency is as follows
Figure GDA0004164197740000091
Wherein P is pump light power; gamma is the nonlinear coefficient of the material; l (L) eff Is the effective length of the micro-ring; f (F) p 、F s 、F i The system has the intensity gain factors of the pump light, the signal light and the idler frequency light respectively.
For single microring systems, there are
Figure GDA0004164197740000092
The system has consistent gain for pump light, signal light and idler light and is limited.
For a double micro-ring system, there are
Figure GDA0004164197740000093
Can be made by adjusting parameters
Figure GDA0004164197740000101
At the moment, the pump light is in a critical coupling state, has high gain, and can improve the four-wave mixing efficiency, thereby improving the conversion efficiency and reducing the power consumption; meanwhile, the signal light is input from the other waveguide, and due to the coupling effect of the two micro-ring resonant cavities, a large bandwidth can be obtained, and the practicability of the communication system is ensured. The specific set of parameter values described above is given in table 1 below;
TABLE 1
Figure GDA0004164197740000102
According to the embodiment of the invention, the phase regeneration function is realized by utilizing the micro-ring resonant cavity by constructing the double-resonant cavity double-waveguide coupling structure, and the better extinction ratio can be achieved while the power consumption is reduced, so that the phase regeneration effect is better.
FIG. 6 shows the phase extinction ratio of the dual-cavity dual-waveguide coupling structure provided by the present invention under a set of parameters.
The wavelength of the input pumping light can resonate in the first micro-ring resonant cavity, but cannot resonate in the second micro-ring resonant cavity; the wavelength of the input signal light can resonate in the first micro-ring resonant cavity and the second micro-ring resonant cavity. At this time, since the coupling coefficients of the two waveguides and the two micro-ring resonators are different, and the pump light and the signal light are input from the two waveguides, respectively. Thus, the pump light and the signal light are separated, extremely strong enhancement effect is ensured for the pump light, and a large bandwidth and the strongest enhancement effect under the bandwidth are ensured for the signal light. Therefore, the modulation rate of the signal light and the conversion efficiency of the idler frequency light can be ensured at the same time, the phase regeneration function is realized, and the power consumption is obviously reduced.
It will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art that the foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention, but any modifications, equivalents, improvements or alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.

Claims (7)

1. A low power consumption implementation phase regeneration system, comprising: the first micro-ring resonator, the second micro-ring resonator, the first waveguide and the second waveguide;
the first micro-ring resonant cavity and the first waveguide are in a critical coupling state, and the coupling coefficient is a first coupling coefficient; the first micro-ring resonant cavity is coupled with the second micro-ring resonant cavity, the coupling coefficient is a second coupling coefficient, and the mode part corresponding to the resonance peak at the coupling wavelength is split; the second micro-ring resonant cavity is coupled with the second waveguide, the coupling coefficient is a third coupling coefficient, and the output bandwidth obtained by coupling is larger than the bandwidth of a transmission signal; the third coupling coefficient is greater than the second coupling coefficient; the radius of the first micro-ring resonant cavity is an integer multiple of the radius of the second micro-ring resonant cavity;
the first waveguide is used for inputting two beams of pump light; the second waveguide is used for inputting signal light and adjusting the magnitude of a third coupling coefficient; the first micro-ring resonant cavity is used for resonating pump light and signal light, and idler frequency light is generated at the signal light wavelength under the four-wave mixing effect; the idler frequency light and the signal light are subjected to coherent interference, so that phase regeneration is realized; the second micro-ring resonant cavity is used for resonating signal light;
wherein the wavelengths of the two pump light beams are symmetrical with respect to the wavelength of the signal light; the wavelength of the pump light is the wavelength corresponding to the resonance peak of the first micro-ring resonant cavity and is not the wavelength corresponding to the resonance peak of the second micro-ring resonant cavity; the wavelength of the signal light is the wavelength corresponding to the resonance peak of the coupling of the first micro-ring resonant cavity and the second micro-ring resonant cavity.
2. The low power consumption phase regeneration system of claim 1, wherein the materials of the first and second micro-ring resonators are third order nonlinear materials.
3. The low power consumption phase regeneration system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the method for generating mode splitting of resonance peaks at the coupling wavelength of the first micro-ring resonator and the second micro-ring resonator is as follows: making the coupling strength value between the first micro-ring resonant cavity and the second micro-ring resonant cavity be more than one fourth of the difference between the first loss and the second loss;
wherein, the first loss is the total loss of the intrinsic loss of the second micro-ring resonant cavity and the coupling loss introduced by the second waveguide;
the second loss is the total loss of the intrinsic loss of the first micro-ring resonant cavity and the coupling loss introduced by the first waveguide.
4. The low power consumption phase regeneration system according to claim 1, wherein the method for obtaining the critical coupling state between the first micro-ring resonator and the first waveguide is as follows:
and adjusting a first coupling coefficient by adjusting the distance between the first waveguide and the first micro-ring resonant cavity, so that the coupling loss introduced by the first waveguide is equal to other residual losses.
5. A phase regeneration method for realizing a phase regeneration system based on the low power consumption of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
inputting two beams of pump light into the first micro-ring resonant cavity for resonance enhancement, and improving the power in the first micro-ring resonant cavity;
inputting signal light at the second waveguide end, wherein the signal light oscillates in the first micro-ring resonant cavity and the second micro-ring resonant cavity;
based on the phase matching condition of four-wave mixing, the pump light and the signal light generate nonlinear action in the first micro-ring resonant cavity, and idler frequency light is generated at the signal light wavelength;
the idler frequency light and the signal light are subjected to coherent superposition, when the interference of the idler frequency light and the signal light is constructive, the signal light is amplified, and when the interference of the idler frequency light and the signal light is destructive, the signal light is weakened, so that phase regeneration is realized;
the first micro-ring resonant cavity and the first waveguide are in a critical coupling state, and the mode part corresponding to the resonance peak at the coupling wavelength of the first micro-ring resonant cavity and the second micro-ring resonant cavity is split; the third coupling coefficient is greater than the second coupling coefficient; the radius of the first micro-ring resonant cavity is an integer multiple of the radius of the second micro-ring resonant cavity;
the wavelengths of the two beams of pump light are symmetrical with respect to the wavelength of the signal light; the wavelength of the pump light is the wavelength corresponding to the resonance peak of the first micro-ring resonant cavity and is not the wavelength corresponding to the resonance peak of the second micro-ring resonant cavity; the wavelength of the signal light is the wavelength corresponding to the resonance peak of the coupling of the first micro-ring resonant cavity and the second micro-ring resonant cavity.
6. The method of phase regeneration according to claim 5, wherein the mode splitting method for generating a resonance peak at a coupling wavelength of the first micro-ring resonator and the second micro-ring resonator is as follows: making the coupling strength value between the first micro-ring resonant cavity and the second micro-ring resonant cavity be more than one fourth of the difference between the first loss and the second loss;
wherein, the first loss is the total loss of the intrinsic loss of the second micro-ring resonant cavity and the coupling loss introduced by the second waveguide;
the second loss is the total loss of the intrinsic loss of the first micro-ring resonant cavity and the coupling loss introduced by the first waveguide.
7. The phase regeneration method according to claim 5, wherein the method for obtaining the critical coupling state between the first micro-ring resonator and the first waveguide is:
and adjusting a first coupling coefficient by adjusting the distance between the first waveguide and the first micro-ring resonant cavity, so that the coupling loss introduced by the first waveguide is equal to other residual losses.
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