CN115266638B - Optical fiber structure for gas concentration detection and gas concentration detection system - Google Patents

Optical fiber structure for gas concentration detection and gas concentration detection system Download PDF

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CN115266638B
CN115266638B CN202210803969.7A CN202210803969A CN115266638B CN 115266638 B CN115266638 B CN 115266638B CN 202210803969 A CN202210803969 A CN 202210803969A CN 115266638 B CN115266638 B CN 115266638B
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optical fiber
optical
gas concentration
fiber
negative pressure
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CN115266638A (en
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吴胜楠
何赛灵
耿宇涵
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Zhejiang University of Science and Technology ZUST
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Zhejiang University of Science and Technology ZUST
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/25Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
    • G01N21/31Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
    • G01N21/39Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using tunable lasers
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters

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  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
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  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
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  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an optical fiber structure for gas concentration detection and a gas concentration detection system, the optical fiber structure for gas concentration detection comprises: negative pressure means for generating a negative pressure; the first single-mode optical fiber is provided with a first fiber core and an air hole, the first fiber core is used for receiving and transmitting optical signals, and one end of the air hole is communicated with the negative pressure device; the hollow fiber is characterized in that one end of the hollow of the air fiber core is communicated with the other end of the air hole, and a gas inlet is arranged beside the other end of the hollow; and the second single-mode optical fiber is provided with a second fiber core, and the second fiber core is used for receiving and transmitting the optical signal after passing through the hollow core. The method can effectively shorten the gas diffusion time of the ambient gas in the hollow fiber core, improve the detection response speed and realize the remote passive gas concentration detection.

Description

Optical fiber structure for gas concentration detection and gas concentration detection system
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of optical fiber sensing, in particular to an optical fiber structure for detecting gas concentration and a gas concentration detection system.
Background
The optical fiber sensing technology is a novel sensing technology which is developed rapidly along with the optical fiber technology and the optical communication technology in the last 70 th century. Currently, an optical fiber type gas concentration sensor is in a preliminary research and development stage. Compared with other traditional gas concentration sensors, the optical fiber type gas concentration sensor has the following unique advantages: the passive performance has no electric spark hidden trouble, small volume, good flexibility, electromagnetic interference resistance, corrosion resistance, strong multiplexing capability and high information transmission capacity, can realize multi-parameter and multi-channel measurement, and is beneficial to cost reduction. However, in the current optical fiber type gas concentration sensor, because the air type fiber core and the ambient gas channel are smaller, the diffusion of the ambient gas in the fiber core is slower, so that serious hysteresis is generated in the sensing process. In laboratory environment, the sensing optical fiber part is placed in a container with relatively negative pressure to accelerate gas diffusion, so that the method is not suitable for measuring the concentration of the environmental gas in actual production and life.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application aims to provide an optical fiber structure for gas concentration detection and a gas concentration detection system, so as to solve the technical problem that the real-time performance of a gas concentration measurement process in the related technology cannot be guaranteed.
According to a first aspect of embodiments of the present application, there is provided an optical fiber structure for gas concentration detection, comprising:
negative pressure means for generating a negative pressure;
the first single-mode optical fiber is provided with a first fiber core and an air hole, the first fiber core is used for receiving and transmitting optical signals, and one end of the air hole is communicated with the negative pressure device;
the hollow fiber is characterized in that one end of the hollow of the air fiber core is communicated with the other end of the air hole, and a gas inlet is arranged beside the other end of the hollow;
and the second single-mode optical fiber is provided with a second fiber core, and the second fiber core is used for receiving and transmitting the optical signal after passing through the hollow core.
Further, the negative pressure device is a cavity with negative pressure or a negative pressure air pump.
Further, the first single mode optical fiber includes a first core for transmitting an optical signal, an air hole for providing a gas transmission path, and a first cladding.
Further, the hollow fiber is a photonic crystal hollow fiber or an antiresonant hollow fiber.
Further, the first single-mode optical fiber is an edge hole optical fiber or a middle hole eccentric optical fiber.
Further, the middle Kong Pianxin optical fiber air hole is positioned at the center of the optical fiber cross section.
According to a first aspect of embodiments of the present application, there is provided a gas concentration detection system, comprising:
the light source module is used for generating an optical signal;
the optical fiber structure for gas concentration detection of the first aspect, wherein an incident end of the optical fiber structure receives the optical signal;
the optical signal acquisition module is connected with the emergent end of the optical fiber structure and is used for acquiring an optical signal emitted by the emergent end and converting the acquired optical signal into an electric signal;
and the signal demodulation module is connected with the optical signal acquisition module and is used for receiving the electric signal and demodulating the gas concentration signal according to the electric signal.
According to a third aspect of embodiments of the present application, there is provided a gas concentration detection system comprising:
the light source module is used for generating an optical signal;
a fiber optic circulator having a first port, a second port, and a third port, the optical signal entering the fiber optic circulator from the first port and exiting from the second port;
the optical fiber structure for detecting gas concentration of the first aspect, wherein an incident end of the optical fiber structure receives an optical signal emitted from the second port;
the reflection device is arranged at the emergent end of the optical fiber structure and is used for reflecting the optical signal primary path emitted by the emergent end back to the optical fiber circulator and then emitted from the third port;
the optical signal acquisition module is connected with the third port and is used for acquiring optical signals emitted by the third port and converting the acquired optical signals into electric signals;
and the signal demodulation module is connected with the optical signal acquisition module and is used for receiving the electric signal and demodulating the gas concentration signal according to the electric signal.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application can comprise the following beneficial effects:
the prior art generally adopts and additionally increases the air pump device at the detection end to realize taking out external gas to be measured into sensor action region, and this kind of scheme requires the detection end to supply power for the air pump device, and this application adopts the single mode fiber that has the air hole to be connected with the hollow fiber that detects gaseous usefulness, has overcome prior art and has been difficult to long-range realization to take out external gas to be measured into sensor's action region, can utilize the single mode fiber that has the air hole to provide the negative pressure at the distal end, realizes the detection end and need not the technical effect of power supply.
The transmission type or reflection type modulation scheme is adopted, and the transmission type optical fiber transmission mode is adopted, so that the detection light can be simply transmitted to a demodulation system with low loss; in the reflection type modulation scheme, as the reflection device is arranged at the tail end of the sensor, detection signals can be returned to the demodulation system along the original path of the optical fiber, and the whole optical fiber transmission system only needs one optical fiber, so that wiring resources are saved and wiring cost is reduced.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the application.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the application and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the application.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an optical fiber structure for gas concentration detection according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a first single mode optical fiber according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a first single mode optical fiber according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a gas concentration detection system according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a gas concentration detection system according to embodiment 3 of the present invention.
The reference numerals in the figures are:
100. an optical fiber structure; 110. a negative pressure device; 120. a first single mode optical fiber; 121. a first core; 122. an air hole; 123. a first cladding layer; 130. hollow fiber; 140. a second single mode optical fiber; 200. a light source module; 300. an optical signal acquisition module; 400. a signal demodulation module; 500. an optical fiber circulator; 600. and a reflecting device.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, the same numbers in different drawings refer to the same or similar elements, unless otherwise indicated. The implementations described in the following exemplary examples are not representative of all implementations consistent with the present application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with some aspects of the present application as detailed in the accompanying claims.
The terminology used in the present application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the present application. As used in this application and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein refers to and encompasses any or all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Example 1:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an optical fiber structure 100 for gas concentration detection according to embodiment 1 of the present invention. Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides an optical fiber structure 100 for gas concentration detection, comprising: the negative pressure device 110, the first single-mode optical fiber 120, the hollow-core optical fiber 130 and the second single-mode optical fiber 140, wherein the negative pressure device 110 is used for generating negative pressure; the first single mode fiber 120 has a first fiber core 121 and an air hole 122, the first fiber core 121 is used for receiving and transmitting optical signals, and one end of the air hole 122 is communicated with the negative pressure device 110; one end of the air core of the air-type fiber core is communicated with the other end of the air hole 122, and a gas inlet is arranged beside the other end of the air core; the second single mode fiber 140 has a second core for receiving and transmitting the optical signal after passing through the hollow core.
During operation, the negative pressure of the negative pressure device 110 provides a negative pressure condition for the hollow core of the hollow fiber 130 relative to the environment through the first air hole 122, so that the ambient gas is rapidly diffused into the hollow core of the hollow fiber 130 under the action of the negative pressure cavity, the environment where the current hollow fiber 130 is located can be reflected, and the real-time performance of the ambient gas concentration sensing is ensured.
The prior art generally adopts and additionally increases the air pump device at the detection end to realize taking out external gas to be measured into sensor action region, and this kind of scheme requires the detection end to supply power for the air pump device, and this application adopts the single mode fiber that has the air hole to be connected with the hollow fiber that detects gaseous usefulness, has overcome prior art and has been difficult to long-range realization to take out external gas to be measured into sensor's action region, can utilize the single mode fiber that has the air hole to provide the negative pressure at the distal end, realizes the detection end and need not the technical effect of power supply.
In an alternative embodiment, the negative pressure device 110 is mainly used for generating negative pressure, so that the ambient gas in which the hollow fiber 130 is located can be quickly diffused into the hollow interior of the hollow fiber 130. Specifically, the negative pressure cap device 110 may be a cavity with negative pressure or a negative pressure pump.
In an alternative embodiment, the first single mode fiber 120 includes a first core 121, an air hole 122, and a first cladding 123, the first core 121 being configured to transmit an optical signal, and the air hole 122 being configured to provide a gas transmission path. The first single-mode fiber 120 may be used as a long-distance transmission carrier for optical signal and gas transmission, so as to be used for remote sensing of gas concentration. The second single mode fiber 140 includes a second core for transmitting an optical signal and a second cladding. Specifically, the first single-mode optical fiber 120 is a side hole optical fiber or a middle hole core-spun optical fiber. The second single-mode fiber 140 is a side hole fiber or a middle hole core-spun fiber. The middle Kong Pianxin fiber air hole 122 is positioned at the center of the fiber cross section.
In this embodiment, the first single-mode optical fiber 120 is a side hole optical fiber, and the cross section of the side hole optical fiber may be shown with reference to fig. 2, and the side hole optical fiber further includes a first core 121, an air hole 122, and a first cladding 123.
In this embodiment, the first single-mode fiber 120 is a middle Kong Pianxin fiber, whose cross-section can be seen with reference to fig. 3, and the middle Kong Pianxin fiber further includes an air hole 122 located at the center of the cross-section of the fiber, a first core 121, and a first cladding 123.
In an alternative embodiment, the hollow core optical fiber 130 is a photonic crystal hollow core optical fiber 130 or an antiresonant hollow core optical fiber 130. The hollow core fiber 130 includes a hollow core (air-type core) that provides a phosgene co-path condition, and a cladding that enables gas concentration sensing by laser absorption spectroscopy.
Example 2:
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a gas concentration detection system according to embodiment 2 of the present invention. Referring to fig. 4, an embodiment of the present application provides a gas concentration detection system, including:
a light source module 200 for generating an optical signal;
the optical fiber structure 100 for gas concentration detection of embodiment 1, wherein an incident end of the optical fiber structure 100 receives the optical signal;
the optical signal acquisition module 300 is connected with the emitting end of the optical fiber structure 100, and is used for acquiring an optical signal emitted by the emitting end and converting the acquired optical signal into an electrical signal;
the signal demodulation module 400 is connected to the optical signal acquisition module 300, and is configured to receive the electrical signal, and demodulate the gas concentration signal according to the electrical signal.
During operation, the negative pressure of the negative pressure device 110 provides a negative pressure condition for the hollow core of the hollow fiber 130 relative to the environment through the first air hole 122, so that the environmental gas is rapidly diffused into the hollow core of the hollow fiber 130 under the action of the negative pressure cavity, the hollow core provides a phosgene common-path condition, a laser absorption spectrum technology is utilized, a gas absorption signal is collected through the optical signal collection module 300, and the spectrum absorption effect of the specified gas to be detected on the corresponding wavelength is demodulated through the signal demodulation module 400, so that the concentration content of the gas to be detected in the environment where the current hollow fiber 130 is located is reflected, and the real-time performance of the environmental gas concentration sensing is ensured.
By adopting the transmission type optical fiber transmission mode, the detection light can be simply transmitted to the demodulation system with low loss.
Example 3:
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a gas concentration detection system according to embodiment 3 of the present invention. Referring to fig. 5, an embodiment of the present application provides a gas concentration detection system, including:
a light source module 200 for generating an optical signal;
a fiber optic circulator 500, the fiber optic circulator 500 having a first port, a second port, and a third port, the optical signal entering the fiber optic circulator 500 from the first port and exiting from the second port;
the optical fiber structure 100 for gas concentration detection of embodiment 1, wherein an incident end of the optical fiber structure 100 receives an optical signal emitted from the second port;
a reflection device 600, disposed at the exit end of the optical fiber structure 100, for reflecting the optical signal emitted from the exit end back to the optical fiber circulator 500 and then emitted from the third port;
the optical signal acquisition module 300 is connected with the third port, and is used for acquiring an optical signal emitted by the third port and converting the acquired optical signal into an electrical signal;
the signal demodulation module 400 is connected to the optical signal acquisition module 300, and is configured to receive the electrical signal, and demodulate the gas concentration signal according to the electrical signal.
During operation, the negative pressure of the negative pressure device 110 provides a negative pressure condition for the hollow core of the hollow fiber 130 relative to the environment through the first air hole 122, so that the environmental gas is rapidly diffused into the hollow core of the hollow fiber 130 under the action of the negative pressure cavity, the hollow core provides a phosgene common-path condition, a laser absorption spectrum technology is utilized, a gas absorption signal is collected through the optical signal collection module 300, and the spectrum absorption effect of the specified gas to be detected on the corresponding wavelength is demodulated through the signal demodulation module 400, so that the concentration content of the gas to be detected in the environment where the current hollow fiber 130 is located is reflected, and the real-time performance of the environmental gas concentration sensing is ensured.
According to the reflection type modulation scheme, as the reflection device is arranged at the tail end of the sensor, detection signals can be returned to the demodulation system along the original path of the optical fiber, and only one optical fiber is needed in the whole optical fiber transmission system, so that wiring resources are saved and wiring cost is reduced.
The connection mode between the optical fibers can be a sleeve splicing mode or a fusion welding mode. In the splicing manner of the sleeve, a gap (i.e. a gas inlet) through which gas passes can be reserved at the connection position of the hollow fiber 130 and the second single-mode fiber 140. In the fusion bonding method, a hole may be punched in the end of the hollow fiber 130 as a gas inlet; when the Kong Pianxin optical fiber is used as the second single-mode optical fiber 140, the air hole 122 in the optical fiber is positioned at the center of the circle, and the air hole 122 after the fiber core is aligned and welded can naturally leave a gas passage relative to the outside.
The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be combined, and for brevity, all of the possible combinations of the technical features of the above-described embodiments are not described, however, they should be considered as the scope of the description provided in this specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.

Claims (8)

1. An optical fiber structure for gas concentration detection, comprising:
negative pressure means for generating a negative pressure;
the first single-mode optical fiber is provided with a first fiber core and an air hole, the first fiber core is used for receiving and transmitting optical signals, and one end of the air hole is communicated with the negative pressure device;
the hollow fiber is characterized in that one end of the hollow fiber is communicated with the other end of the air hole, and a gas inlet is arranged beside the other end of the hollow fiber;
a second single mode optical fiber having a second core for receiving and transmitting the optical signal after passing through the hollow core;
the negative pressure of the negative pressure device provides a negative pressure condition for the hollow core of the hollow fiber through the air hole relative to the environment, so that the environmental gas is rapidly diffused into the hollow core of the hollow fiber under the action of the negative pressure cavity, the concentration content of the gas to be detected of the environment where the current hollow fiber is positioned can be reflected, and the real-time performance of the sensing of the concentration of the environmental gas is ensured.
2. The optical fiber structure for detecting gas concentration according to claim 1, wherein the negative pressure device is a cavity with negative pressure or a negative pressure air pump.
3. The optical fiber structure for gas concentration detection according to claim 1, wherein the first single mode optical fiber comprises a first core for transmitting an optical signal, an air hole for providing a gas transmission path, and a first cladding.
4. An optical fiber structure for gas concentration detection according to claim 1, wherein the hollow core optical fiber is a photonic crystal hollow core optical fiber or an antiresonant hollow core optical fiber.
5. The optical fiber structure for gas concentration detection according to claim 1, wherein the first single-mode optical fiber is a side hole optical fiber or a middle hole core shift optical fiber.
6. An optical fiber structure for gas concentration detection according to claim 5, wherein the middle Kong Pianxin optical fiber air hole is located at the center of the optical fiber cross section.
7. A gas concentration detection system, comprising:
the light source module is used for generating an optical signal;
the optical fiber structure for gas concentration detection of any one of claims 1-6, an incident end of the optical fiber structure receiving the optical signal;
the optical signal acquisition module is connected with the emergent end of the optical fiber structure and is used for acquiring an optical signal emitted by the emergent end and converting the acquired optical signal into an electric signal;
and the signal demodulation module is connected with the optical signal acquisition module and is used for receiving the electric signal and demodulating the gas concentration signal according to the electric signal.
8. A gas concentration detection system, comprising:
the light source module is used for generating an optical signal;
a fiber optic circulator having a first port, a second port, and a third port, the optical signal entering the fiber optic circulator from the first port and exiting from the second port;
the optical fiber structure for gas concentration detection of any one of claims 1-6, an incident end of the optical fiber structure receiving an optical signal emitted from the second port;
the reflection device is arranged at the emergent end of the optical fiber structure and is used for reflecting the optical signal primary path emitted by the emergent end back to the optical fiber circulator and then emitted from the third port;
the optical signal acquisition module is connected with the third port and is used for acquiring optical signals emitted by the third port and converting the acquired optical signals into electric signals;
and the signal demodulation module is connected with the optical signal acquisition module and is used for receiving the electric signal and demodulating the gas concentration signal according to the electric signal.
CN202210803969.7A 2022-07-07 2022-07-07 Optical fiber structure for gas concentration detection and gas concentration detection system Active CN115266638B (en)

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KR101299135B1 (en) * 2011-08-18 2013-08-22 한국과학기술연구원 Reflective probe type apparatus for detecting gas and method for detecting gas using optical fiber with hollow core
CN106680218A (en) * 2016-12-29 2017-05-17 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 Optical fiber ring-down cavity for gas concentration measuring system, and gas concentration measuring system and method
CN109752791A (en) * 2017-11-03 2019-05-14 桂林电子科技大学 A kind of twin-core fiber and preparation method of microchannel and light wave channel hybrid integrated
CN108191224A (en) * 2017-12-29 2018-06-22 武汉长盈通光电技术有限公司 A kind of multi-core optical fiber preparation method based on glass tube
CN109239050A (en) * 2018-09-17 2019-01-18 中科院合肥技术创新工程院 Hollow-core fiber SERS probe preparation method and harmful gas detection system
CN109839693A (en) * 2018-12-12 2019-06-04 桂林电子科技大学 A kind of periodic structure deformation type fiber bragg grating device
CN112697339B (en) * 2020-11-26 2022-05-06 桂林电子科技大学 High-strength high-temperature-resistant quick-response optical fiber air pressure sensing probe

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